Special artificial pollination device for wheat breeding

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, in particular to a special artificial pollination device for wheat breeding, which comprises a pollination box, one side of the pollination box is fixedly connected with a handle, the top of the pollination box is provided with a bagging opening, the bottom of the pollination box is provided with a first bag outlet corresponding to the bagging opening, and the side wall of the bagging opening is fixedly connected with a plurality of fixing rods. First electromagnets are arranged at the ends, away from the bagging opening, of the fixing rods, pollination assemblies are arranged in the bagging opening, the outer side walls of the pollination assemblies are connected with the first electromagnets on the fixing rods in an adsorption mode, and a conveying assembly is arranged in the handle and communicates with the pollination assemblies; a bagging assembly is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pollination box, and a tightening assembly for tightening the opening of the breeding bag is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the pollination box. Bagging is carried out in the pollination process, and breeding bags are automatically sealed, so that the effects of improving the pollination efficiency and reducing the labor intensity of workers are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wheat breeding, and in particular to an artificial pollination device dedicated to wheat breeding. Background Art

[0002] As an important food crop, wheat breeding is of great significance for ensuring food security and promoting sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, artificial pollination in wheat breeding is a key agricultural technology that aims to manually transfer pollen from the stamens to the stigma of the pistil to promote the combination of pollen and ovary, thereby realizing the wheat reproduction process. In the natural environment, wheat pollination is usually completed by wind, insects or other animals, but in the breeding process, artificial pollination can significantly improve the reproductive efficiency and quality of wheat. Through artificial pollination, breeders can precisely control the pollination objects and ensure that the genetic characteristics of excellent varieties are retained, thereby optimizing the traits of wheat and improving yield and stress resistance.

[0003] Although artificial pollination technology for wheat breeding plays an important role in agricultural production, existing pollination devices still have some significant defects, especially in bagging during pollination and sealing of breeding bags. At present, most artificial pollination devices for wheat breeding cannot realize bagging operation during pollination, which requires extra time for bagging after pollination, increases workload and reduces pollination efficiency. In addition, even if bagging is performed during pollination, existing pollination devices lack a method for automatically sealing breeding bags. In most cases, the sealing of breeding bags still relies on manual operation, which not only increases the difficulty of operation, but also may cause pollen leakage due to loose sealing, affecting the pollination effect. Therefore, the existing artificial pollination devices for wheat breeding have obvious deficiencies in bagging during pollination and sealing of breeding bags, which limits the improvement of breeding efficiency and the guarantee of breeding quality. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an artificial pollination device dedicated to wheat breeding, which can improve pollination efficiency and reduce manual labor intensity by simultaneously bagging during the pollination process and automatically sealing the breeding bags.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an artificial pollination device dedicated to wheat breeding, comprising a pollination box, the pollination box signal is connected to a controller, a hollow handle is fixedly connected to one side of the pollination box, a bagging opening is opened at the top of the pollination box, a first bag outlet corresponding to the bagging opening is opened at the bottom of the pollination box, a plurality of fixed rods are fixedly connected to the side wall of the bagging opening, a first electromagnet is arranged at one end of the fixed rod away from the bagging opening, the first electromagnet is connected to the controller signal, a pollination component for pollinating wheat is arranged in the bagging opening, the outer side wall of the pollination component is adsorbed and connected to the first electromagnet on the fixed rod, a conveying component for conveying wheat anther is arranged in the handle, the conveying component is connected to the pollination component, and a box cover corresponding to the conveying component is opened on the handle;

[0006] A symmetrically arranged bagging assembly is fixedly connected to the top wall of the pollination box, and the bagging assembly is used to clamp the breeding bag and pull down the breeding bag. A tightening assembly for tightening the bag opening of the breeding bag is provided on the bottom wall of the pollination box, and a second bag outlet corresponding to the first bag outlet is opened on the tightening assembly. The conveying assembly, the pollination assembly, the bagging assembly and the tightening assembly are all connected to the controller signal;

[0007] The pollination box is provided with a transparent window for the movement of the bagging component and the pollination component. The handle is also provided with an adsorption button, a conveying button, a pollination button, a bagging button and a tightening button. The adsorption button, the conveying button, the pollination button, the bagging button and the tightening button are all connected to the controller circuit. The breeding bag is normally contracted into a flat shape and has openings at the top and bottom of the breeding bag.

[0008] The technical principles of the above scheme are as follows:

[0009] When the user needs to pollinate and bag the female wheat ears after the anthers are removed, the first electromagnet is powered off by the adsorption button, the pollination component is removed and the breeding bag is covered on the pollination component, the breeding bag is opened, the bagging component is clamped on both sides of the breeding bag, the first electromagnet is energized to connect the fixing rod with the pollination component, and the female wheat ears are covered into the pollination box from top to bottom through the first bag outlet, the bagging component is started to pull down the breeding bag, and the conveying component and the pollination component are started at the same time, the conveying component conveys the anthers of the male wheat to the pollination component, and the pollination component removes the anthers of the male wheat from the female wheat. The anthers of the male parent are sprayed above the ear of wheat to below the ear of wheat of the female parent in sequence. When the breeding bag is pulled down, the anthers of the male parent sprayed by the pollination component are always on the inside of the breeding bag and fall onto the ear of wheat of the female parent. When the pollination component has completed pollination, the tightening button is pressed to start the tightening component to seal the bottom of the breeding bag, and the handle is lifted vertically upward to separate the pollination box from above the ear of wheat of the female parent. When the tightening component is observed to move to the top of the breeding bag through the transparent window, the tightening component is started again to seal the top of the breeding bag, thereby realizing the simultaneous action of pollination and sealing.

[0010] The above scheme has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. In this solution, traditional wheat breeding pollination work requires manual bagging, pollination and sealing. These steps are cumbersome and time-consuming, and require high physical strength from the user. Through the pollination component, bagging component and tightening component, multiple functions are integrated, and pollination, bagging and sealing can be completed simultaneously in one operation, which significantly improves the efficiency of artificial pollination in wheat breeding and reduces the labor intensity of users.

[0012] 2. In this scheme, anther spraying is performed while bagging the female wheat ears, so that the pollen sprayed by the spraying component is always located in the breeding bag, avoiding the waste of pollen and isolating the spread of anthers in the outside air, ensuring that the male anthers can cover as many female wheat ears as possible, thereby improving the success rate of pollination.

[0013] 3. This solution can achieve automatic sealing by tightening the components, thus avoiding the contamination of the female wheat ears by the external environment after pollination, improving the sealing of the breeding bag, and reducing the tediousness of manual operation.

[0014] Further, the pollination assembly includes a top plate and a bottom plate, a plurality of support rods are fixedly connected between the top plate and the bottom plate, a plurality of magnets corresponding to the first electromagnet are arranged in the top plate, a symmetrically arranged first motor is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate, the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the first screw rod, the first screw rod passes through the bottom plate and extends to the lower part of the pollination box, the first screw rod is threadedly connected to the first nut seat, a trumpet-shaped pollination nozzle is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first nut seat, and the first motor is connected to the controller signal;

[0015] When the pollination button is activated, the controller starts the first motor, the first motor drives the first screw rod to rotate forward, the first nut seat moves downward along the thread direction of the first screw rod, and drives the pollination nozzle to move slowly downward to pollinate the female wheat ear from top to bottom.

[0016] Beneficial effects: the pollination nozzle driven by the first motor also slowly descends, achieving uniform pollination of the female wheat ear from top to bottom, ensuring the continuity of the pollination process, thereby greatly improving the success rate of pollination, and pollination from top to bottom, combined with the vertical distribution of the flowering of the wheat ear itself, the anthers falling by gravity will also fall on the female wheat ear below, avoiding the waste of anthers; the pollination nozzle adopts a trumpet-shaped design, so that the anthers can form a wider coverage area when spraying, ensuring that the male anthers can fully and evenly cover the female wheat ear; the pollination component is connected to the pollination box by the adsorption force of the electromagnet and the magnet, and the pollination component can be easily removed before bagging and the breeding bag can be opened and guided.

[0017] Furthermore, a vibrator for vibrating and diffusing the anthers of the male parent is provided in the pollination nozzle, and a delivery tube is connected to the side wall of the pollination nozzle, and a retractable elastic tube is connected to one end of the delivery tube away from the pollination nozzle. Symmetrically arranged tube openings corresponding to the elastic tubes are provided on the inner side wall of the pollination box, and one end of the elastic tube away from the delivery tube extends through the tube opening to the inside of the handle and is connected to the delivery assembly.

[0018] Beneficial effects: The vibrator enables the pollination nozzle to generate tiny vibrations when spraying anthers, which helps the anthers to spread more evenly on the female wheat ears. Compared with the traditional static spraying method, vibration spraying can ensure that the anthers cover every corner of the wheat ears, thereby improving the uniformity and success rate of pollination; the elastic tube allows the pollination nozzle to always maintain communication with the conveying component during the downward movement, thereby improving the stability of the male anther delivery.

[0019] Furthermore, the conveying assembly includes a pollen box fixedly connected to the inner wall of the handle, the opening of the pollen box corresponds to the box cover, the elastic tubes are connected to one side of the pollen box, the side of the pollen box away from the elastic tube is connected to an air pump, and the air pump is connected to the controller signal.

[0020] Beneficial effects: The user can adjust the delivery speed and pressure of the air pump through the controller to achieve precise control of the anther delivery amount. The air pump can deliver the male parent anthers in the pollen box to the pollination nozzle, and the male parent anthers can be added through the box cover.

[0021] Furthermore, the bagging assemblies all include a motor box fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pollination box, and a first clamping claw for fixing the breeding bag near the top opening is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the motor box.

[0022] Beneficial effects: The traditional bagging method requires manual operation to put the breeding bag on the mother wheat ear and fix the bag opening by hand or with a clamp. This process is not only cumbersome but also easy to cause damage to the mother wheat ear. The first clamp can stably clamp the top opening of the breeding bag, so that when the breeding bag is unfolded downward, it can effectively prevent the breeding bag from loosening, thereby ensuring the accuracy of pollination.

[0023] Furthermore, a second motor is fixedly connected in the motor box, the second motor is connected to the controller signal, a second screw rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor, the second screw rod passes through the motor box and extends into the pollination box, a second nut seat is threadedly connected to the second screw rod, and a second clamping claw for clamping the breeding bag near the bottom opening is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second nut seat;

[0024] When the bagging button is activated, the controller starts the second motor, the second motor drives the second screw rod to rotate forward, the second nut seat moves downward along the thread direction of the second screw rod, and drives the second clamp to move slowly downward, while the first clamp fixes the top of the breeding bag, the second clamp clamps the breeding bag, stretches it and bags the mother wheat ears.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The second motor drives the second clamp to move downward, thereby realizing a fully automatic bagging process from top to bottom of the breeding bag without manual operation, thereby improving the work efficiency of wheat breeding and pollination; while the first clamp fixes the top of the breeding bag, the second clamp can slowly move downward and stretch the breeding bag, thereby ensuring the accuracy and stability of the bagging and helping to improve the success rate of pollination.

[0026] Furthermore, a second electromagnet connected to the controller signal is disposed in each of the first clamping jaw and the second clamping jaw.

[0027] Beneficial effects: By sending a signal to the second electromagnet through the controller, the opening and closing of the jaws can be accurately controlled. The second electromagnet generates an adsorption force when energized, which can firmly clamp the breeding bag to prevent it from slipping or loosening during pollination; the operator only needs to press the corresponding button on the controller to open and close the first jaw and the second jaw, and the operation is simple and quick; when the second electromagnet is powered off, the first jaw and the second jaw will automatically release, avoiding the risk of damage to the breeding bag or injury to the mother wheat ear due to equipment failure.

[0028] Further, the tightening assembly includes a third motor fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner side wall of the pollination box and a placement plate fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the pollination box, a gear is keyed on the output shaft of the third motor, a rack is meshed with the gear, a limit block for limiting the rack is fixedly connected to the placement plate, a clamping plate assembly is hinged at one end of the rack away from the gear, the clamping plate assembly is placed on the top of the placement plate, and the second bag outlet is opened on the placement plate;

[0029] The gear is driven to rotate by the third motor, and the rack slides on the placement plate. The rack pushes the clamping plate assembly to close in the process of linear motion to clamp the bottom opening of the breeding bag.

[0030] Beneficial effect: By starting the third motor through the controller, the gear can be driven to rotate, and then the rack meshing with it can be driven to move linearly on the placement plate, thereby realizing the automatic tightening process of the bottom opening of the breeding bag without manual operation, which significantly improves the work efficiency of wheat breeding.

[0031] Furthermore, the splint assembly includes symmetrically arranged splints and a first connecting rod symmetrically hinged on the rack, the first connecting rod is hinged to a second connecting rod at one end away from the rack, the second connecting rods are crossed in an X shape, a plurality of third connecting rods are hinged to one end of the second connecting rod away from the first connecting rod, and the third connecting rods are hinged to the splint at one end away from the second connecting rod.

[0032] Beneficial effects: Through the hinged linkage of the first connecting rod, the second connecting rod and the third connecting rod, when the rack moves, it can drive the entire splint assembly to fold or unfold, so that the splint can generate a greater clamping force when clamping the breeding bag, ensuring that the breeding bag is firmly clamped to prevent anther leakage or external impurities from entering; through the cooperation of the controller and the motor, the splint assembly can be automatically controlled, and the breeding bag can be clamped and released without manual operation, which greatly simplifies the operation process and reduces the labor intensity of the operator.

[0033] Furthermore, heating wires are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the clamping plate, and the heating wires are connected to the controller signal.

[0034] Beneficial effects: Compared with traditional manual sealing or mechanical sealing methods, the electric heating wire can quickly heat the splint so that the surface of the splint reaches a suitable temperature, thereby quickly sealing the mouth of the breeding bag. The electric heating wire sealing can also reduce wrinkles and unevenness at the sealing point and improve the quality of the sealing; and the electric heating wire is arranged on both sides of the splint to prevent the heating temperature from damaging the stem part of the mother wheat ear.

[0035] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is an axonometric schematic diagram of an embodiment of the artificial pollination device for wheat breeding of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic side cross-sectional view of the handle of an embodiment of the artificial pollination device for wheat breeding of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic front cross-sectional view of a pollination box of an embodiment of the artificial pollination device for wheat breeding of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a top view schematic diagram of the tightening component of an embodiment of the artificial pollination device for wheat breeding of the present invention.

[0040] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: 1, pollination box; 2, handle; 3, box cover; 4, top plate; 5, fixing rod; 6, bagging mouth; 7, pollen box; 8, elastic tube; 9, air pump; 10, support rod; 11, first motor; 12, pipe mouth; 13, bottom plate; 14, second motor; 15, motor box; 16, first clamping jaw; 17, first screw rod; 18, second screw rod; 19, conveying pipe; 20, pollination nozzle; 21, first nut seat; 22, second clamping jaw; 23, second nut seat; 24, third motor; 25, gear; 26, rack; 27, limit block; 28, first connecting rod; 29, second connecting rod; 30, third connecting rod; 31, placement plate; 32, first bag outlet; 33, clamping plate; 34, second bag outlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0045] Example:

[0046] As attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown: an artificial pollination device specially used for wheat breeding, comprising a pollination box 1, the pollination box 1 is signal-connected to a controller, a hollow handle 2 is welded to one side of the pollination box 1, a bagging opening 6 is opened on the top of the pollination box 1, a first bag outlet 32 ​​corresponding to the bagging opening 6 is opened on the bottom of the pollination box 1, a plurality of fixing rods 5 are welded to the side wall of the bagging opening 6, a first electromagnet is arranged at one end of the fixing rod 5 away from the bagging opening 6, the first electromagnet is signal-connected to the controller, a pollination component for pollinating wheat is arranged in the bagging opening 6, the outer side wall of the pollination component is adsorbed and connected to the first electromagnet on the fixing rod 5, a conveying component for conveying wheat anther is arranged in the handle 2, the conveying component is connected to the pollination component, and a box cover 3 corresponding to the conveying component is opened on the handle 2.

[0047] A symmetrically arranged bagging assembly is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pollination box 1, and the bagging assembly is used to clamp the breeding bag and pull down the breeding bag. A tightening assembly for tightening the bag opening of the breeding bag is provided on the inner bottom wall of the pollination box 1. The tightening assembly is provided with a second bag outlet 34 corresponding to the first bag outlet 32. The conveying assembly, pollination assembly, bagging assembly and tightening assembly are all connected to the controller signal.

[0048] The pollination box 1 is provided with a transparent window for the movement of the bagging component and the pollination component. The handle 2 is also provided with an adsorption button, a conveying button, a pollination button, a bagging button and a tightening button. The adsorption button, the conveying button, the pollination button, the bagging button and the tightening button are all connected to the controller circuit. The breeding bag is normally contracted into a flat shape and has openings at the top and bottom of the breeding bag.

[0049] The pollination assembly includes a top plate 4 and a bottom plate 13, a plurality of support rods 10 are welded between the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 13, a plurality of magnets corresponding to the first electromagnet are arranged in the top plate 4, a symmetrically arranged first motor 11 is screwed to the top of the bottom plate 13, a first screw rod 17 is coaxially welded to the output shaft of the first motor 11, the first screw rod 17 passes through the bottom plate 13 and extends to the lower part of the pollination box 1, a first nut seat 21 is threadedly connected to the first screw rod 17, a trumpet-shaped pollination nozzle 20 is screwed to the side wall of the first nut seat 21, and the first motor 11 is connected to the controller signal.

[0050] When the pollination button is activated, the controller starts the first motor 11, and the first motor 11 drives the first screw rod 17 to rotate forward, the first nut seat 21 moves downward along the thread direction of the first screw rod 17, and drives the pollination nozzle 20 to move slowly downward to pollinate the female wheat ear from top to bottom.

[0051] A vibrator for vibrating and diffusing the anthers of the male parent is provided in the pollination nozzle 20. The side walls of the pollination nozzle 20 are connected to a delivery tube 19. The end of the delivery tube 19 away from the pollination nozzle 20 is connected to a retractable elastic tube 8. The inner wall of the pollination box 1 is provided with symmetrically arranged tube openings 12 corresponding to the elastic tube 8 respectively. The end of the elastic tube 8 away from the delivery tube 19 passes through the tube opening 12 and extends to the inside of the handle 2 and is connected to the delivery component.

[0052] The conveying assembly includes a pollen box 7 welded to the inner wall of the handle 2, the opening of the pollen box 7 corresponds to the box cover 3, the elastic tube 8 is connected to one side of the pollen box 7, and the side of the pollen box 7 away from the elastic tube 8 is connected to an air pump 9, and the air pump 9 is connected to the controller signal.

[0053] The bagging components all include a motor box 15 screwed to the inner top wall of the pollination box 1, and a first clamping claw 16 for fixing the breeding bag near the top opening is screwed to the outer side wall of the motor box 15.

[0054] The motor box 15 is screwed with a second motor 14, the second motor 14 is connected to the controller signal, a second screw rod 18 is coaxially welded on the output shaft of the second motor 14, the second screw rod 18 passes through the motor box 15 and extends into the pollination box 1, a second nut seat 23 is threadedly connected to the second screw rod 18, and the outer wall of the second nut seat 23 is screwed with a second clamp 22 for clamping the breeding bag near the bottom opening.

[0055] When the bagging button is started, the controller starts the second motor 14, and the second motor 14 drives the second screw rod 18 to rotate forward, and the second nut seat 23 moves downward along the thread direction of the second screw rod 18, and drives the second clamp 22 to move slowly downward. While the first clamp 16 fixes the top of the breeding bag, the second clamp 22 clamps the breeding bag and stretches it to bag the mother wheat ear. The first clamp 16 and the second clamp 22 are both provided with a second electromagnet connected to the controller signal.

[0056] The tightening assembly includes a third motor 24 screwed to the lower part of the inner wall of the pollination box 1 and a placement plate 31 welded to the inner bottom wall of the pollination box 1. A gear 25 is keyed to the output shaft of the third motor 24, and the gear 25 is meshed with a rack 26. A limit block 27 for limiting the rack 26 is welded on the placement plate 31. A splint assembly is hinged at one end of the rack 26 away from the gear 25. The splint assembly is placed on the top of the placement plate 31, and a second bag outlet 34 is opened on the placement plate 31.

[0057] The gear 25 is driven to rotate by the third motor 24, and the rack 26 slides on the placement plate 31. The rack 26 pushes the clamping plate assembly to close in the process of linear motion to clamp the bottom opening of the breeding bag.

[0058] The splint assembly includes symmetrically arranged splints 33 and a first connecting rod 28 symmetrically hinged on the rack 26. The end of the first connecting rod 28 away from the rack 26 is hinged with a second connecting rod 29, and the second connecting rods 29 are crossed in an X shape. The end of the second connecting rod 29 away from the first connecting rod 28 is hinged with a plurality of third connecting rods 30, and the end of the third connecting rod 30 away from the second connecting rod 29 is hinged to the splint 33.

[0059] Heating wires are provided on both sides of the inner wall of the clamping plate 33, and the heating wires are connected to the controller signal.

[0060] The specific implementation process is as follows: Wheat pollination usually occurs during the flowering period, when a large number of flowers are formed on the female wheat ears. Each flower contains stamens (anthers) and pistils (stigmas). In order to ensure the success of wheat hybrid breeding, the pollination process needs to be precisely controlled to ensure that the male anthers can evenly cover the pistils of the female wheat ears, while avoiding self-pollination and interference from the external environment. Therefore, when the user performs artificial pollination on the female wheat ear after the anthers are removed, the user first opens the box cover 3 to load the male anthers into the pollen box 7, and then uses the adsorption button to drive the controller to drive the first electromagnet to cut off the power, remove the pollination component, and put the breeding bag on the outside of the pollination component. Since the top plate 4 and the bottom plate 13 are circular plates, the inside of the breeding bag can be opened so that the breeding bag can be put on the female wheat ear. The first clamping jaw 16 and the second clamping jaw 22 clamp the breeding bag on both sides close to the top opening and the bottom opening respectively. After the first electromagnet is energized, the fixing rod 5 is adsorbed and connected with the top plate 4, and the female wheat ear is covered in the pollination box 1 from top to bottom through the first bag outlet 32. The perspective window can intuitively observe whether the breeding bag is located above the female wheat ear, and then the female wheat ear can be pollinated and bagged.

[0061] At the same time, the bagging button and the pollination button are started, the controller starts the second motor 14, the second motor 14 drives the second screw rod 18 to rotate forward, the second nut seat 23 moves downward along the thread direction of the second screw rod 18, and drives the second clamping jaw 22 to move slowly downward, while the first clamping jaw 16 fixes and clamps the top of the breeding bag, the second clamping jaw 22 clamps the breeding bag and stretches it to bag the female wheat ear, and at the same time, the male anther in the pollen box 7 can be transported to the pollination nozzle 20 through the air pump 9, the controller starts the first motor 11, the first motor 11 drives the first screw rod 17 to rotate forward, the first nut seat 21 moves downward along the thread direction of the first screw rod 17, and drives the pollination nozzle 20 to move slowly downward, The female wheat ear is pollinated from top to bottom, and the pollination nozzle 20 is driven by the first motor 11 to slowly descend, thereby achieving uniform pollination of the female wheat ear from top to bottom, ensuring the continuity and uniformity of the pollination process, thereby greatly improving the success rate of pollination. The vibrator in the pollination nozzle 20 allows the pollination nozzle 20 to generate tiny vibrations when spraying anthers, and this vibration helps the anthers to spread more evenly on the female wheat ear. Since the structure of the wheat ear and the pollination site are densely arranged vertically from top to bottom, compared with the traditional static spraying method, the vibration spraying can disperse the anther vibration around the female wheat ear to ensure that the anther can cover every corner of the wheat ear, thereby improving the uniformity and success rate of pollination.

[0062] When the breeding bag is pulled down, since the pulling-down distance of the breeding bag is greater than the downward moving distance of the pollination nozzle 20, when the pollination nozzle 20 sprays the anthers of the male parent, the anthers of the male parent are always on the inner side of the breeding bag and fall on the female parent wheat ears, thereby avoiding the waste of pollen and isolating the spread of anthers in the outside air, ensuring that the anthers of the male parent can cover as much of the female parent wheat ears as possible, thereby improving the success rate of pollination, and through pollination from top to bottom, combined with the vertical distribution of the flowering of the wheat ears themselves, the anthers falling by gravity will also fall on the female parent wheat ears below, thereby avoiding the waste of anthers.

[0063] When the pollination nozzle 20 has completed pollination, by pressing the tightening button and starting the third motor 24 through the controller, the gear 25 can be driven to rotate, thereby driving the rack 26 meshing therewith to perform linear motion on the placement plate 31. Through the hinged linkage of the first connecting rod 28, the second connecting rod 29 and the third connecting rod 30, when the rack 26 moves, the splint 33 is closed, and the bottom of the breeding bag is quickly sealed by heating with the electric heating wire arranged in the splint 33. After the bottom is sealed, the user lifts the handle 2 vertically upwards to separate the pollination box 1 from the top of the female wheat ear. When the tightening assembly is observed to move to the top of the breeding bag through the transparent window, the tightening button is pressed again to seal the top of the breeding bag, thereby realizing the simultaneous action of pollination and sealing, avoiding the contamination of the female wheat ear by the external environment after pollination, improving the sealing of the breeding bag, and reducing the tediousness of manual sealing.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An artificial pollination device for wheat breeding, comprising a pollination box (1), one side of the pollination box (1) is fixedly connected to a hollow handle (2), characterized in that: The pollination box (1) is connected to the controller by signal, the top of the pollination box (1) is provided with a bagging opening (6), the bottom of the pollination box (1) is provided with a first bagging opening (32) corresponding to the bagging opening (6), the side wall of the bagging opening (6) is fixedly connected to a plurality of fixing rods (5), the ends of the fixing rods (5) away from the bagging opening (6) are provided with first electromagnets, the first electromagnets are connected to the controller by signal, a pollination component for pollinating wheat is provided in the bagging opening (6), the outer side walls of the pollination component are adsorbed and connected to the first electromagnets on the fixing rods (5), a conveying component for conveying wheat anthers is provided in the handle (2), the conveying component is connected to the pollination component, and a box cover (3) corresponding to the conveying component is provided on the handle (2); A symmetrically arranged bagging assembly is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pollination box (1), and the bagging assembly is used to clamp the breeding bag and pull down the breeding bag. A tightening assembly for tightening the bag opening of the breeding bag is provided on the inner bottom wall of the pollination box (1), and a second bag outlet (34) corresponding to the first bag outlet (32) is provided on the tightening assembly. The conveying assembly, the pollination assembly, the bagging assembly and the tightening assembly are all connected to the controller signal. The pollination box (1) is provided with a transparent window for the movement of the bagging component and the pollination component, and the handle (2) is also provided with an adsorption button, a conveying button, a pollination button, a bagging button and a tightening button, which are all connected to the controller circuit. The breeding bag is normally contracted into a flat shape and has openings at the top and bottom of the breeding bag.

2. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pollination assembly comprises a top plate (4) and a bottom plate (13), a plurality of support rods (10) are fixedly connected between the top plate (4) and the bottom plate (13), a plurality of magnets corresponding to the first electromagnet are arranged in the top plate (4), a symmetrically arranged first motor (11) is fixedly connected to the top of the bottom plate (13), the output shaft of the first motor (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first screw rod (17), the first screw rod (17) passes through the bottom plate (13) and extends to the lower part of the pollination box (1), the first screw rod (17) is threadedly connected to a first nut seat (21), a trumpet-shaped pollination nozzle (20) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first nut seat (21), and the first motor (11) is connected to the controller signal; When the pollination button is activated, the controller starts the first motor (11), the first motor (11) drives the first screw rod (17) to rotate in the forward direction, the first nut seat (21) moves downward along the thread direction of the first screw rod (17), and drives the pollination nozzle (20) to move slowly downward, so as to pollinate the female wheat ear from top to bottom.

3. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: A vibrator for vibrating and diffusing the male parent anthers is arranged in the pollination nozzle (20), a delivery tube (19) is connected to the side wall of the pollination nozzle (20), one end of the delivery tube (19) away from the pollination nozzle (20) is connected to a retractable elastic tube (8), and a symmetrically arranged tube opening (12) corresponding to the elastic tube (8) is opened on the inner side wall of the pollination box (1), and one end of the elastic tube (8) away from the delivery tube (19) passes through the tube opening (12) and extends to the inside of the handle (2) and is connected to the delivery assembly.

4. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises a pollen box (7) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the handle (2), the opening of the pollen box (7) corresponds to the box cover (3), the elastic tube (8) is connected to one side of the pollen box (7), the side of the pollen box (7) away from the elastic tube (8) is connected to an air pump (9), and the air pump (9) is connected to the controller signal.

5. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bagging components all include a motor box (15) fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the pollination box (1), and a first clamping claw (16) for fixing the breeding bag near the top opening is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the motor box (15).

6. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second motor (14) is fixedly connected in the motor box (15), the second motor (14) is connected to the controller signal, a second screw rod (18) is coaxially fixedly connected to the output shaft of the second motor (14), the second screw rod (18) passes through the motor box (15) and extends into the pollination box (1), a second nut seat (23) is threadedly connected to the second screw rod (18), and a second clamping claw (22) for clamping the breeding bag near the bottom opening is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second nut seat (23); When the bagging button is activated, the controller starts the second motor (14), the second motor (14) drives the second screw rod (18) to rotate in the forward direction, the second nut seat (23) moves downward along the thread direction of the second screw rod (18), and drives the second clamping jaw (22) to move slowly downward, while the first clamping jaw (16) fixes the top of the breeding bag, the second clamping jaw (22) clamps the breeding bag to stretch and bag the mother wheat ear.

7. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: A second electromagnet connected to a controller signal is disposed in both the first clamping jaw (16) and the second clamping jaw (22).

8. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tightening assembly comprises a third motor (24) fixedly connected to the lower part of the inner side wall of the pollination box (1) and a placement plate (31) fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the pollination box (1); a gear (25) is keyed to the output shaft of the third motor (24); the gear (25) is meshed with a rack (26); a limit block (27) for limiting the position of the rack (26) is fixedly connected to the placement plate (31); a clamping plate assembly is hingedly connected to one end of the rack (26) away from the gear (25); the clamping plate assembly is placed on the top of the placement plate (31); and a second bag outlet (34) is opened on the placement plate (31); The gear (25) is driven to rotate by the third motor (24), and the rack (26) slides on the placement plate (31). The rack (26) pushes the clamping plate assembly to close in the process of linear motion to clamp the bottom opening of the breeding bag.

9. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 8, characterized in that: The clamping plate assembly comprises symmetrically arranged clamping plates (33) and first connecting rods (28) symmetrically hinged on the rack (26); one end of the first connecting rod (28) away from the rack (26) is hinged with a second connecting rod (29); the second connecting rods (29) are crossed in an X shape; one end of the second connecting rod (29) away from the first connecting rod (28) is hinged with a plurality of third connecting rods (30); one end of the third connecting rod (30) away from the second connecting rod (29) is hinged with the clamping plate (33).

10. The artificial pollination device for wheat breeding according to claim 9, characterized in that: Both sides of the inner wall of the clamping plate (33) are provided with electric heating wires, which are connected to the controller signal.

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