An emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste

Abstract

The present invention provides an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, belonging to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting waste gas treatment. The device comprises a vortex device, a condensing device, a dust removal device, a three-stage cascade absorption device, and a collection device. The vortex device is used to drive the waste gas into a spiral vortex and accelerate its discharge. The condensing device is used to condense and recover heavy metal vapors in the waste gas. The dust removal device includes a first tank, a plasma generator, and an electric field generator. The plasma generator generates argon plasma gas, and the electric field generator generates an electric field to absorb fly ash. The three-stage cascade absorption device is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides from the waste gas discharged from the third exhaust port and discharge the remaining gas. The collection device is used to safely collect the waste gas discharged from the final absorption device. The present invention can remove fly ash, heavy metal vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitrogen oxides from copper-containing waste smelting, thereby achieving emission reduction goals.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment in nonferrous metal smelting, and in particular to an emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste materials. Background Art

[0002] The recycled copper industry has become a key source of copper for smelting. Common copper-containing waste materials used in the recycled copper industry include wire and cable, used circuit boards, discarded electronic components, and smelting slag. Due to the complex composition and diverse types of copper-containing waste, the smelting process easily produces fly ash, heavy metal vapors, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, and other substances. Chlorine-containing compounds in fly ash can also form highly toxic substances such as dioxins during the cooling process. Failure to effectively separate and collect these substances will inevitably have a serious impact on the environment.

[0003] At present, the exhaust gas discharged from the smelting furnace is usually drawn out, and the fly ash and hydrogen sulfide are separated by bag dust collector and desulfurization technology. Among them, the bag dust collector can remove the fly ash, and the desulfurization technology can utilize the hydrogen sulfide as a resource. For example, the complex iron desulfurization technology can be used to directly desulfurize hydrogen sulfide and produce sulfuric acid. The desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 99%. The characteristics of this technology are simple process, high working sulfur capacity, few side reactions, and environmental protection and non-toxicity. For example, the hydrogen desulfurization technology of hydrogen sulfide production can be used by electrocatalytic decomposition, and the electrochemical reaction is used to carry out reduction and oxidation reactions at the cathode and anode respectively to generate hydrogen and sulfur.

[0004] However, these methods cannot effectively separate harmful substances other than fly ash and hydrogen sulfide, resulting in significant environmental pollution from the final exhaust gas. Moreover, although bag filters can collect fly ash to a certain extent, they are susceptible to corrosion from acidic gases and high temperatures, which shortens their lifespan. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, which aims to efficiently remove fly ash, heavy metal vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and other substances in copper-containing waste smelting to achieve the purpose of emission reduction.

[0006] The present invention provides an emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste, which is applied to a smelting furnace. The smelting furnace is provided with a first exhaust port, and the first exhaust port is used to discharge waste gas, and the waste gas includes three harmful gases: hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, and fly ash. The emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste includes a vortex device, a condensing device, a ash removal device, a three-stage cascade absorption device, and a collection device. The vortex device is connected to the first exhaust port, and a second exhaust port is provided on the top of the vortex device. A first air inlet connected to the first exhaust port is provided at the bottom of the vortex device. The vortex device is used to drive the waste gas discharged from the exhaust port to form a spiral vortex and accelerate the discharge of the waste gas from the second exhaust port. The condensing device is used to condense heavy metal vapor in the waste gas discharged from the first exhaust port Recovery, the ash removal device is connected to the second exhaust port, the ash removal device includes a first tank body, a plasma generator, and an electric field generator. The first tank body is provided with a first closed chamber and a second air inlet, a third air inlet and a third exhaust port connected to the first closed chamber. The remaining exhaust gas except fly ash is discharged from the third exhaust port. The plasma generator is connected to the third air inlet and is used to introduce argon plasma gas into the first closed chamber. The electric field generator is provided on the first tank body and is used to generate an electric field for adsorbing fly ash. The three-stage cascade absorption device is used to absorb hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the third exhaust port, and discharge the remaining gas. The collection device is used to safely collect the exhaust gas discharged by the last-stage absorption device.

[0007] In addition, the above-mentioned copper-containing waste smelting emission reduction device according to the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] Furthermore, the absorption device includes a second tank body and a gas-liquid separation component. The second tank body is provided with a second closed chamber and a third air inlet and a fourth exhaust port connected to the second closed chamber. The third air inlet is provided at the bottom of the second closed chamber, and the fourth exhaust port is provided at the top of the second closed chamber. The third air inlet on one of the second tank bodies is connected to the third exhaust port, and the third air inlet and the fourth exhaust port on the adjacent second tank bodies are connected correspondingly. The second closed chamber in each second tank body is partially filled with the corresponding absorbent solution, and the gas-liquid separation component is connected to the third air inlet and the fourth exhaust port on the remaining adjacent second tank bodies to generate a negative pressure state to absorb and accelerate the exhaust gas in the second closed chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing carbon dioxide is hexanedicarboxamide solution, and the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate solution.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas-liquid separation component includes an agitator and a centrifugal pump. The agitator rotates in the second closed chamber. The air inlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the fourth exhaust port of the current-stage absorption device, and the air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the third air inlet of the next-stage absorption device. The air outlet end of the centrifugal pump in the last-stage absorption device is also connected to the collection device.

[0011] Furthermore, the second tank body is also provided with a buffer chamber, which is located at the bottom of the second closed chamber. The air outlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the buffer chamber. A partition is provided between the buffer chamber and the second closed chamber. An opening and closing air inlet channel is arrayed on the partition. When the gas pressure in the opening and closing air inlet channel is greater than a preset value, the opening and closing air inlet channel is opened.

[0012] Furthermore, the buffer cavity is cylindrical, and the gas discharged into the buffer cavity is tangential to the circumference of the buffer cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the opening and closing air inlet channel is a capillary channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the vortex device includes a ventilation duct, an axial flow fan, and spiral blades. The ventilation duct is a Venturi tube. A first air inlet is formed on one side of the air inlet section of the Venturi tube, and a second air outlet is formed on one side of the air outlet section of the Venturi tube. The axial flow fan is arranged at the first air inlet, and the spiral blades are arranged on the inner tube wall of the air outlet section of the ventilation duct.

[0015] Furthermore, the condensation device includes a cooling medium transmission device and condensation scales. A water channel is provided in the pipe wall and spiral blades of the ventilation pipe, and the water channel is connected to the cooling medium transmission device. The condensation scales are provided on the inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe and the surface of the spiral blades. The inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe and the surface of the spiral blades are provided with a collecting trough, which is used to collect heavy metal droplets formed by the liquefaction of the condensation scales.

[0016] Furthermore, an oxygen-isolating chamber is provided at the bottom of the gas channel in the collecting device, and an alkaline solution is contained in the oxygen-isolating chamber. A nozzle is provided at the bottom of the oxygen-isolating chamber, and the nozzle is connected to the exhaust end of the last-stage absorption device. A segmented temperature control device is provided on the side wall of the oxygen-isolating chamber, and the segmented temperature control device is used to make the alkaline solution in the oxygen-isolating chamber form a layered structure with a temperature distribution from top to bottom.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention include at least: the waste gas discharged from the smelting furnace is made to flow in an orderly manner through the vortex device, and the waste gas is kept in the required flow state, which is convenient for the subsequent separation of harmful gases and fly ash in the waste gas, and then the heavy metal vapor, fly ash, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides and other substances in the waste gas are separated in sequence through the condensation device, the ash removal device, and the absorption device, and the remaining waste gas is safely collected through the collection device. Finally, the content of harmful substances in the collected waste gas is basically separated, thereby achieving the purpose of emission reduction and avoiding waste gas pollution of the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the eddy current device and the dust removal device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of a condensing device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of an absorption device in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of a partition in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the oxygen isolation chamber in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Description of main component symbols:

[0025] Smelting furnace 100, first exhaust port 110;

[0026] Vortex device 200, second exhaust port 210, first air inlet 220, ventilation pipe 230, axial flow fan 240, spiral blade 250;

[0027] Condensation device 300, cooling medium transmission device 310, condensation scales 320;

[0028] Ash removal device 400, first tank body 410, first sealed chamber 411, second air inlet 412, third air inlet 413, third exhaust port 414, plasma generator 420, electric field generator 430;

[0029] Absorption device 500, second tank 510, second sealed chamber 511, third air inlet 512, fourth exhaust port 513, buffer chamber 514, partition 515, opening and closing air inlet channel 516, gas-liquid separation component 520, stirrer 521, centrifugal pump 522;

[0030] Collection device 600, oxygen isolation chamber 610, air jet head 611, segmented temperature control device 620;

[0031] Water channel 700, collecting tank 800;

[0032] The following specific embodiments will further illustrate the present invention in conjunction with the above-mentioned drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and comprehensive understanding of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms used in this specification of the present invention are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 The present invention provides an emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting. This device is applied to a smelting furnace 100, which is equipped with a first exhaust port 110. Exhaust gas generated during the smelting of copper-containing waste in the smelting furnace 100 is discharged through the first exhaust port 110. The aforementioned exhaust gas primarily includes three harmful gases: hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides, as well as fly ash. The nitrogen oxides herein primarily refer to nitric oxide, which can be converted into nitrogen dioxide when exposed to oxygen. Furthermore, since copper-containing waste is primarily sourced from wires and cables, waste circuit boards, and discarded electronic components, the fly ash contains a high concentration of toxic chlorides. These chlorine compounds can form highly toxic substances such as dioxins during the cooling process, endangering the environment and production workers. Therefore, the emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting disclosed in this application can precisely remove these harmful gases and harmful substances in the fly ash.

[0037] Specifically, the emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste includes a vortex device 200, a condensation device 300, a ash removal device 400, an absorption device 500, and a collection device 600.

[0038] The vortex device 200 is in communication with the first exhaust port 110. The communication here can be achieved by connecting the vortex device 200 and the first exhaust port 110 through a pipe. A second exhaust port 210 is provided at the top of the vortex device 200, and a first air inlet 220 in communication with the first exhaust port 110 is provided at the bottom of the vortex device 200. When the vortex device 200 is in operation, the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust port 110 on the smelting furnace 100 is sucked in through the first air inlet 220. The vortex device 200 processes the exhaust gas, causing it to form a spiral vortex, and accelerates the exhaust gas to be discharged from the second exhaust port 210, so that the exhaust gas discharged by the vortex device 200 has a certain flow rate and pressure, which is convenient for subsequent separation and treatment.

[0039] When the condensing device 300 is in operation, it condenses the heavy metal vapor in the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust port 110 to obtain liquid heavy metal, which is then recovered. Because the vapor pressure of heavy metals is different from that of other gases, the condensing device 300 can separate the heavy metal vapor from the exhaust gas by simply setting the cooling temperature appropriately.

[0040] The ash removal device 400 is connected to the second exhaust port 210 and includes a first tank body 410, a plasma generator 420, and an electric field generator 430. The first tank body 410 is provided with a first sealed chamber 411 and a second air inlet 412, a third air inlet 413, and a third exhaust port 414, which are connected to the first sealed chamber 411. The second air inlet 412 is located at the bottom of the first sealed chamber 411, the third air inlet 413 is located on the side wall of the first sealed chamber 411, and the third exhaust port 414 is located at the top of the first sealed chamber 411. When the ash removal device 400 is in operation, it collects fly ash that enters the first sealed chamber 411 through the second air inlet 412 and discharges the remaining exhaust gas excluding the fly ash through the third exhaust port 414. The plasma generator 420 is connected to the third air inlet 413. When the plasma generator 420 is in operation, argon plasma gas is introduced into the first closed chamber 411 through the third air inlet 413, causing the charged argon plasma gas to adhere to the fly ash. Since the exhaust gas discharged by the vortex device 200 is in a vortex state, the charged argon plasma gas can fully contact the fly ash in the first closed chamber 411, ensuring that the fly ash is uniformly charged. The electric field generator 430 is provided on the first tank body 410. When the electric field generator 430 is in operation, it generates an electric field that can absorb fly ash, causing the fly ash to be adsorbed on the inner wall of the first closed chamber 411. Subsequently, when the plasma generator 420 and the electric field generator 430 are not in operation, they can collect the fly ash on the inner wall of the first closed chamber 411, thereby preventing the fly ash from flowing into the next step of separation and collection of other harmful gases along the air flow.

[0041] There are three absorption devices 500 , which are cascaded in sequence. The three absorption devices 500 are used to absorb hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the third exhaust port 414 , respectively.

[0042] The collecting device 600 is used to safely collect the waste gas discharged from the last-stage absorption device 500 .

[0043] It should be noted that the smelting furnace 100 in this embodiment does not refer to a specific furnace, but a general one. For example, in the classic three-stage smelting process, the copper-containing waste is sequentially smelted in a blast furnace, blown in a converter, and then reverberatory furnace, and finally electrolyzed to produce cathode copper. Specifically, the copper-containing waste is smelted in a blast furnace to produce black copper with a copper content of about 80%. The black copper enters the converter and reverberatory furnace in turn to generate 96% anode copper, and finally undergoes electrolytic refining to obtain 99.99% cathode copper. The blast furnace, converter, and reverberatory furnace will all produce the aforementioned waste gas during the smelting process, and it will be collected and treated by the emission reduction device for smelting copper-containing waste of this application.

[0044] In this embodiment, the exhaust gas discharged from the smelting furnace 100 is caused to flow in an orderly manner by the vortex device 200 and to maintain the desired flow state, facilitating the subsequent separation of harmful gases and fly ash from the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas then passes through the condensation device 300, the ash removal device 400, and the absorption device 500 in sequence to separate heavy metal vapor, fly ash, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxides, and other substances from the exhaust gas. Finally, the remaining exhaust gas is collected by the collection device 600. Because combustible gases such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide are also generated during the smelting process, the collection device 600 must be safely collected to prevent explosions when the concentration of the combustible gases reaches a certain level.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the absorption device 500 includes a second tank body 510 and a gas-liquid separation component 520 . The second tank body 510 is provided with a second sealed chamber 511 and a third air inlet 512 and a fourth air outlet 513 communicated with the second sealed chamber 511 . Specifically, the third air inlet 512 is arranged at the bottom of the second closed chamber 511, and the fourth exhaust port 513 is arranged at the top of the second closed chamber 511, wherein the third air inlet 512 on the second tank body 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 is connected to the third exhaust port 414 on the dust removal device 400, the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank body 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 is connected to the third air inlet 512 on the second tank body 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500, the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank body 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500 is connected to the third air inlet 512 on the second tank body 510 in the third-stage absorption device 500, and the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank body 510 in the third-stage absorption device 500 is connected to the collection device 600. The second sealed chamber 511 within each second tank 510 is filled with a corresponding absorbent solution. The absorbent solution does not completely fill the space within the second sealed chamber 511. The absorbent solution absorbs the corresponding harmful gas in the exhaust gas. For example, the second sealed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 can be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing hydrogen sulfide, the second sealed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500 can be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing carbon dioxide, and the second sealed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 can be filled with an absorbent solution for absorbing nitrogen oxides. The gas-liquid separation assembly 520 connects the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank 510 in the first-stage absorption device 500 with the third gas inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500, connects the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank 510 in the second-stage absorption device 500 with the third gas inlet 512 on the second tank 510 in the third-stage absorption device 500, and connects the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank 510 in the third-stage absorption device 500 with the collection device 600. When the gas-liquid separation assembly 520 is in operation, a negative pressure is generated. Under the action of the negative pressure, the waste gas in the second sealed chamber 511 is drawn away and, through the acceleration effect of the gas-liquid separation assembly 520, is discharged into the next-stage processing node.

[0046] In some optional embodiments, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber 511 in the second tank body 510 in the absorption device 500 for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is a 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution. 1,3-Dimethylimidazolidinone is a weakly alkaline physical solvent. As a non-proton strong polar solvent, it has strong solubility. It can not only dissolve organic matter, but also dissolve many inorganic compounds. It has activation properties for various reagents, can accelerate the reaction rate, and improve product yield. It is not easy to hydrolyze in aqueous solution and can exist stably in hot alkaline solution or acidic solution. Since its solubility in carbon dioxide is at a moderate level and its solubility in hydrogen sulfide is at a higher level, usually reaching eight to ten times the solubility of carbon dioxide, it can effectively absorb hydrogen sulfide in exhaust gas.

[0047] The absorbent solution filled in the second sealed chamber 511 of the second tank 510 in the carbon dioxide absorption device 500 is a hexanedicarboxamide salt solution. The carbon dioxide absorption process involves a chemical reaction in which carbon dioxide reacts with an amine compound to form the corresponding amine salt. During this process, the carbon dioxide first reacts with the amine molecules, ultimately forming a stable amine salt. The absorbed carbon dioxide can then be released from the amine salt by heating or reducing the pressure.

[0048] The absorbent solution filled in the second sealed chamber of the second tank in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is a tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate solution. Tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate solutions have a strong absorption effect on nitric oxide. This high absorption capacity of the ionic solution comes from the tetrahedral structure of the borate anion, which creates a multi-site chemical absorption mechanism for nitric oxide.

[0049] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, the gas-liquid separation component 520 includes a stirrer 521 and a centrifugal pump 522. The stirrer 521 is rotatably disposed in the second closed chamber 511. When the stirrer 521 is in operation, it stirs the absorbent solution in the second closed chamber 511, allowing the absorbent solution to fully contact the corresponding harmful gas, thereby improving the absorption reaction efficiency of the absorbent solution and also facilitating the escape of other gases free in the absorbent solution from the absorbent solution. The air inlet of the centrifugal pump 522 is connected to the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank 510 of the current absorption device 500, and the air outlet of the centrifugal pump 522 is connected to the third air inlet 512 of the absorption device 500 of the next stage after the current absorption device 500. The air outlet of the centrifugal pump 522 in the gas-liquid separation component 520 corresponding to the last absorption device 500 is also connected to the collection device 600, thereby achieving the transfer of the remaining waste gas. Moreover, since the centrifugal pump 522 has a pressurizing effect, it can provide good absorption reaction conditions for the absorbent solution of the subsequent absorption processing node.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the second tank body 510 is further provided with a buffer chamber 514, which is located at the bottom of the second sealed chamber 511. The outlet of the centrifugal pump 522 is connected to the buffer chamber 514. A partition 515 is provided between the buffer chamber 514 and the second sealed chamber 511. An array of opening and closing air inlet channels 516 is distributed on the partition 515. When the gas pressure in the opening and closing air inlet channels 516 exceeds a preset value, the opening and closing air inlet channels 516 are opened. When the gas pressure in the opening and closing air inlet channels 516 is less than the preset value, the opening and closing air inlet channels 516 are closed. This arrangement allows the opening and closing air inlet channels 516 to be closed when the gas in the buffer chamber 514 does not reach the preset pressure, thereby preventing the absorbent solution in the second sealed chamber 511 from flowing back into the buffer chamber 514. Moreover, in this embodiment, by providing a buffer chamber 514, a partition 515, and an array of opening and closing air inlet channels 516 distributed on the partition 515, a uniform flow of gas can be provided to the second closed chamber 511, so that the gas is in uniform contact with the absorbent solution, thereby improving the absorption reaction effect of the absorbent solution.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, the buffer chamber 514 is cylindrical, and the gas discharged into the buffer chamber 514 is tangential to the circumference of the buffer chamber 514. This configuration can prevent turbulence in the gas entering the buffer chamber 514, which in turn prevents the gas from flowing evenly into the second tank 510. Instead, the gas discharged into the buffer chamber 514 is evenly distributed within the buffer chamber 514, and the gas also flows evenly from the opening and closing air inlet channel 516 into the second sealed chamber 511, thereby preventing pressure fluctuations in the second sealed chamber 511 from affecting the absorption reaction of the absorbent solution.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the opening and closing air inlet channel 516 is a capillary channel. The capillary channel is configured as a narrow U-shaped channel. Under the action of capillary forces (the smaller the inner diameter of the U-shaped channel, the more pronounced the capillary force), the droplets formed by the absorbent solution in the second closed chamber 511 are retained in the narrow channel. When the gas in the buffer chamber 514 reaches a preset pressure, the gas pressure pushes the droplets upward in the narrow U-shaped channel until the pressurized gas fills the capillary channel, at which point the gas gradually enters the second closed chamber 511. When the gas in the buffer chamber 514 does not reach the preset pressure, the droplets re-enter the capillary channel, thereby blocking the capillary channel.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, vortex device 200 includes a ventilation duct 230, an axial fan 240, and spiral blades 250. Ventilation duct 230 is a Venturi tube, with a first air inlet 220 formed on one side of the Venturi tube's inlet section and a second air outlet 210 formed on the other side of the Venturi tube's outlet section. Axial fan 240 is located at first air inlet 220, and spiral blades 250 are located on the inner wall of the outlet section of ventilation duct 230. During operation, axial fan 240 uniformly accelerates exhaust gas and blows it into the Venturi tube's inlet section. The pressure reduction and speed increase in the Venturi tube's middle section create a uniform airflow at the Venturi tube's outlet section, which is then transformed into a spiral vortex by the action of spiral blades 250.

[0054] In this embodiment, after the spiral vortex enters the first closed chamber 411 from the second air inlet 412 of the first tank body 410, the charged argon plasma gas is fully mixed with the fly ash, which is conducive to the adhesion of the argon plasma gas to the fly ash, ensuring that the fly ash is fully adsorbed on the inner wall of the first closed chamber 411 when the electric field generated by the electric field generator 430 acts, thereby preventing the fly ash from following the airflow to the subsequent processing node.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the condensation device 300 includes a cooling medium transmission device 310 and a condensation scale 320. A water channel 700 is provided in the pipe wall of the ventilation pipe 230 and the spiral blade 250. The water channel 700 is connected to the cooling medium transmission device 310 through a pipeline. The cooling medium transmission device 310 inputs circulating cooling water into the water channel 700. The condensation scale 320 is provided on the inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe 230 and the surface of the spiral blade 250. The condensation scale 320 can increase the contact area with the exhaust gas and improve the condensation efficiency. The inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe 230 and the surface of the spiral blade 250 are provided with a collecting trough 800. The collecting trough 800 is used to collect heavy metal droplets formed by the liquefaction of the condensation scale 320.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, an oxygen-isolating chamber 610 is provided at the bottom of the gas channel in the collection device 600. The oxygen-isolating chamber 610 contains an alkaline solution so that the acidic gas that has not been completely treated at the previous treatment node can be absorbed by the alkaline solution. A nozzle 611 is provided at the bottom of the oxygen-isolating chamber 610. The nozzle 611 is connected to the fourth exhaust port 513 on the second tank body 510 corresponding to the last-stage absorption device 300. A segmented temperature control device 620 is provided on the side wall of the oxygen-isolating chamber 610. The segmented temperature control device 620 is used to form a layered structure with a temperature distribution from top to bottom in the alkaline solution in the oxygen-isolating chamber 610.

[0057] In this embodiment, since the alkaline solution contained in the oxygen isolation chamber 610 has a temperature gradient in the vertical direction, fluids with different densities are separated from each other, forming different temperature layers. Vertical mixing between the temperature layers cannot proceed smoothly, thereby forming a low oxygen condition in the bottom temperature layer. In this way, the oxygen in the atmosphere will not enter the front processing device from the collection device 600 in large quantities, thereby avoiding the mixing of oxygen and combustible gases in the exhaust gas to reach an explosion condition, thereby improving the safety of the device.

[0058] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An emission reduction device for copper-containing waste smelting, applied to a smelting furnace, wherein the smelting furnace is provided with a first exhaust port, the first exhaust port being used to discharge waste gas, the waste gas including three harmful gases: hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides and fly ash, characterized in that: The copper-containing waste smelting emission reduction device comprises: a vortex device, connected to the first exhaust port, a second exhaust port being provided at the top of the vortex device, and a first air inlet being provided at the bottom of the vortex device and connected to the first exhaust port, the vortex device being configured to drive the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust port to form a spiral vortex and accelerate the exhaust gas to be discharged from the second exhaust port; a condensing device, used for condensing and recovering heavy metal vapor in the exhaust gas discharged from the first exhaust port; A dust removal device is connected to the second exhaust port, and the dust removal device includes: The first tank body is provided with a first closed chamber and a second air inlet, a third air inlet and a third exhaust port communicating with the first closed chamber, and the remaining exhaust gas except the fly ash is discharged from the third exhaust port; a plasma generator, connected to the third gas inlet, for introducing argon plasma gas into the first sealed chamber; an electric field generator, provided on the first tank body, for generating an electric field for adsorbing the fly ash; a three-stage cascade absorption device for respectively absorbing hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas discharged from the third exhaust port, and discharging the remaining gas; A collecting device for safely collecting the waste gas discharged from the absorption device at the last stage; The absorption device comprises: The second tank body is provided with a second sealed chamber and a third air inlet and a fourth air outlet communicated with the second sealed chamber, the third air inlet is provided at the bottom of the second sealed chamber, and the fourth air outlet is provided at the top of the second sealed chamber, the third air inlet on one of the second tank bodies is communicated with the third air outlet, and the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet on the adjacent second tank bodies are communicated with each other, and the second sealed chamber in each second tank body is partially filled with a corresponding absorbent solution; a gas-liquid separation component, connected to the third air inlet and the fourth air outlet on the remaining adjacent second tank body, for generating a negative pressure state to absorb and accelerate the exhaust gas in the second closed chamber; An oxygen-isolating chamber is provided at the bottom of the gas channel in the collecting device, and an alkaline solution is contained in the oxygen-isolating chamber. A nozzle is provided at the bottom of the oxygen-isolating chamber, and the nozzle is connected to the exhaust end of the absorption device of the last stage. A segmented temperature control device is provided on the side wall of the oxygen-isolating chamber, and the segmented temperature control device is used to form a layered structure in which the temperature of the alkaline solution in the oxygen-isolating chamber is distributed from top to bottom.

2. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing hydrogen sulfide is 1,3-dimethylimidazolidinone solution, the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing carbon dioxide is hexanedicarboxamide salt solution, and the absorbent solution filled in the second closed chamber of the second tank body in the absorption device for absorbing nitrogen oxides is tetrakis(imidazolyl)borate solution.

3. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separation component comprises: an agitator rotatably disposed in the second sealed chamber; a centrifugal pump, wherein the air inlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the fourth exhaust port of the absorption device of the current stage, and the air outlet of the centrifugal pump is connected to the third air inlet of the absorption device of the next stage; Wherein, the gas outlet end of the centrifugal pump in the last-stage absorption device is also connected to the collection device.

4. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second tank body is also provided with a buffer cavity, which is located at the bottom of the second closed chamber. The air outlet end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the buffer cavity. A partition is provided between the buffer cavity and the second closed chamber. An opening and closing air inlet channel is arrayed on the partition. When the gas pressure in the opening and closing air inlet channel is greater than a preset value, the opening and closing air inlet channel is opened.

5. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer cavity is cylindrical, and the gas discharged into the buffer cavity is tangential to the circumference of the buffer cavity.

6. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The opening and closing air inlet channel is a capillary channel.

7. The device for reducing the emission of copper-containing waste smelting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The eddy current device comprises: A ventilation pipe, wherein the ventilation pipe is a venturi tube, one side of the air inlet section of the venturi tube forms the first air inlet, and one side of the air outlet section of the venturi tube forms the second air outlet; an axial flow fan, disposed at the first air inlet; The spiral blades are arranged on the inner wall of the air outlet section of the ventilation pipe.

8. The device for reducing the discharge of copper-containing waste smelting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The condensation device includes a cooling medium transmission device and condensation scales. A water channel is provided in the pipe wall of the ventilation pipe and the spiral blades. The water channel is connected to the cooling medium transmission device. The condensation scales are provided on the inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe and the surface of the spiral blades. The inner pipe wall of the ventilation pipe and the surface of the spiral blades are provided with a collecting groove. The collecting groove is used to collect heavy metal droplets formed by the liquefaction of the condensation scales.

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