Forming method, mesh cage assembly, prefabricated external wall panel and building

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming method, a mesh cage assembly, a prefabricated external wall panel and a building. According to the forming method and the mesh cage assembly, every two mesh cages are arranged into a group, and the ends, with screw assemblies, of pulling pieces of the two mesh cages in the group are opposite; and then the two net cages are matched with the two core blocks through four tying pieces. And after the blank body is pre-cured, cutting is carried out, and a monomer blank body of the prefabricated external wall panel is formed. The core block is melted or not melted, and the non-melted core block part can be removed and reused, so that the relative regularity of the determined concrete matrix part structure connected with the groove can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for forming a prefabricated exterior wall panel. The present invention also provides a mesh cage assembly used in the forming method. The present invention further relates to a prefabricated exterior wall panel formed by the forming method and to a building containing an exterior wall constructed by the prefabricated exterior wall panel. Background Art

[0002] With the implementation of the national standard "Assembly Building Evaluation Standard" (GB / T51129-2017) (implemented on February 1, 2018), it means that the prefabricated building market has become relatively mature, and the exterior wall panels are the basic components of prefabricated buildings. The current exterior wall panels mainly include reinforced concrete exterior wall panels, reinforced autoclaved aerated concrete exterior wall panels, thermal insulation sandwich concrete exterior wall panels (these four types are collectively referred to as ordinary exterior wall panels below), and some composite exterior wall panels.

[0003] As the main structure of the prefabricated building, the exterior wall panel needs to be provided with a connector for connecting with, for example, a steel structure by, for example, bolts, and the connector needs to have good connection strength with the base of the exterior wall panel.

[0004] In the group standard T / SDCEAS 30009-2023 "Assembled Lightweight Concrete Composite Insulation External Wall Panel (VPR) System Construction" (hereinafter referred to as the 30009 standard), a connection method between a connector and a lightweight concrete composite insulation external wall panel is provided. After the VPR panel is formed, a hole is drilled at a selected position, and then a pad is placed on one side of the VPR. The pad has a through hole, which is aligned with the hole drilled in the VPR panel. The connector with a screw rod passes through the through hole and the hole drilled in the VPR panel to expose a section of thread, which is used to install the L-shaped connector through a nut. The screw rod has a bolt head or an anchor bar, and the bolt head or anchor bar cannot pass through the through hole to form a constraint. However, since the holes drilled in the VPR board are generally larger than the major diameter of the screw, it is necessary to fill the holes with bonding mortar before inserting the screw into the holes drilled in the VPR board, and then insert the screw, in an attempt to make the screw perpendicular to the exterior wall panel surface. However, in this process, since the bonding mortar has not yet dried, the bonding mortar is easy to adhere to the threads of the screw, and because it is difficult to align the screw during the installation process or when it is connected with the nut, it will cause a cavity in the bonding mortar. In other words, the screw cannot be tightly combined with the hole wall of the VPR board, and it is impossible to ensure that the screw is perpendicular to the corresponding panel surface, which affects the reliability of the installation of the assembled exterior wall panel. In addition, the connectors are generally metal parts, which are prone to thermal bridges; at the same time, drilling holes after the wall panel is solidified will destroy the integrity of the wall panel and cause stress concentration.

[0005] Although there are currently broken bridge bolts, their structure is complex and their structural strength is relatively poorer than that of ordinary bolts. More importantly, the method of punching holes after the VPR board is formed will cause relatively large damage to the integrity of the wallboard, and is gradually replaced by another method of using pre-embedded anchors.

[0006] See the instruction manual Figure 1 and 2 The structure shown, Figure 1 The mesh cage 4 is a necessary component of the reinforced exterior wall panel. Before pouring concrete, the mesh cage 4 needs to be tied first. With the mesh cage 4 as the base for positioning and connection, the anchor 1 is fixedly connected to the mesh cage 4 at the predetermined position of the L-shaped plate 2 (a kind of connecting plate for connecting with the steel structure), and then the array formed by several mesh cages 4 is placed in the mold for pouring. After the pre-curing is completed, the mold is removed, and then it is cut to form a prefabricated exterior wall panel blank. The blank is trimmed to produce the following Figure 3 The mortise groove 6, tenon 9, and connecting groove 7 shown in the figure, wherein the connecting groove 7 is the installation position of the L-shaped plate 2. Different from the mortise groove 6 and the tenon 9, there are embedded parts at the connecting groove 7, so in the trimming process, it is obvious to avoid such Figure 2 The screw assembly 5 shown in FIG. 1 needs to be trimmed with great care, even so, it is still very easy to hit the rod of the screw assembly 5 or the anchor 1 .

[0007] Furthermore, in some implementations, a core is pre-installed at a predetermined position of the connection groove 7, and the core needs to be fixed on a predetermined template. As mentioned above, casting molding is often a casting molding of multiple prefabricated exterior wall panels at the same time. In other words, during molding, the core has twice the number of prefabricated exterior wall panels. When demolding after pre-curing, the core is tightly combined with the blank, making demolding very difficult.

[0008] In some implementations, a hot-melt foam block is pre-fixed at a predetermined position of the connection groove 7. In terms of position alone, the thickness of the foam block is slightly smaller than the depth of the connection groove 7, and the length is slightly smaller, so that the predetermined position of the connection groove 7 of the cut prefabricated exterior wall panel has a thin-walled structure containing the foam block. Then, the prefabricated exterior wall panel blank is sent to a steaming kettle for steaming. During the steaming process, the foam block is hot-melted, and a cavity is formed at the location of the connection groove 7. According to this implementation, the inner surface of the mold cavity is flat, which is conducive to demoulding. However, in such implementations, it is necessary to manually destroy the wall of the thin-walled structure one by one after the prefabricated exterior wall panel is steamed to form the connection groove 7. Since the cavity structure is completely shielded, the process of trimming the cavity structure into the connection groove 7 is first to determine the position, and then use a tool to break the thin wall. In this process, it is easy to damage the remaining wall of the connection groove 7. While the overall efficiency is low, unnecessary losses such as cement slurry for forming the thin wall will also occur. Summary of the invention

[0009] The first object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a prefabricated exterior wall panel with high forming efficiency and regular forming. The second object of the present invention is to provide a mesh cage assembly used for the forming method. The third object of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated exterior wall panel prepared by the forming method. The fourth object of the present invention is to provide a building containing an exterior wall constructed by the prefabricated exterior wall panel.

[0010] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a molding method is provided for molding a prefabricated exterior wall panel, the molding method comprising the following steps: 1) Assemble the mesh cages on the predetermined tooling, and make every two mesh cages form a group; 2) Install the anchors, fix them at the predetermined positions of the mesh cages, and align the anchors between the two mesh cages in the same group one by one; the screw holes at the ends of the tie rods of the anchors are in a pre-blocked state; 3) Install the core block and fix it between two relatively positioned anchors; the core block is an assembly block of two identical halves or a hot-melt block whose melting temperature is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panel; 4) Pouring: put the casting mold under the mesh cage and pour the autoclaved aerated concrete slurry; 5) Static maintenance; 6) De-mould and remove the tooling to obtain the blank, which is then cut into exterior wall panel blanks; 7) sending the exterior wall panel blank into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, and taking it out of the kettle after the steam curing is completed to obtain an exterior wall panel body with connecting grooves; 8) Install the connection plate, remove the plugging piece used to block the screw hole, and install the connection plate used to connect with the building steel structure or keel on the anchor piece.

[0011] Optionally, if the core block is an assembly block and the melting temperature is higher than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall board, the surface of the assembly block has a release agent layer; If the melting temperature of the assembly blocks is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panels, the relative surfaces of the corresponding assembly blocks are fitted together or connected through the profile structure.

[0012] Optionally, the screw hole is sealed using a screw assembly.

[0013] Optionally, a groove is pre-formed at the position where the core block and the screw assembly are aligned, or a tie rod of a tie member equipped with the screw assembly is pressed into the core block to a predetermined depth by extrusion; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a hot-melt block, the groove reserves an extrusion margin so that a locking is formed based on extrusion when the core block is inserted into the pull rod part structure; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a recyclable core block, the groove is tightly matched with the corresponding pull rod head with the screw assembly.

[0014] Optionally, the core block is positioned at the head of the anchor; The core block is clamped by two corresponding anchors and / or connected to the corresponding cage by additional connecting pieces; If the core blocks are connected to the corresponding cages using additional connecting pieces, the additional connecting pieces avoid the predetermined cutting positions of the blanks.

[0015] Optionally, when the green body is cut, at least the debris generated by cutting the core block is collected.

[0016] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a mesh cage assembly, wherein the mesh cage is used as a mesh cage of a prefabricated exterior wall panel, and the mesh cage assembly comprises: Tooling, with regularly arranged drill rods; Connectors, part or all of which are passed through the corresponding drill rods; The mesh is assembled into mesh cages with the help of corresponding connecting pieces, and every two mesh cages form a group; Anchors are used to install anchors on mesh cages. The anchors of two mesh cages in the same group are aligned one by one and aligned with each other. The screw holes on the heads of the tie rods of the anchors are in a pre-blocked state. The core block is fixed between the aligned anchors; The core block is an assembly block of two identical halves bonded or joined to each other or a hot-melt block whose melting temperature is lower than the steam curing temperature of the corresponding exterior wall board.

[0017] Optionally, if the core block is an assembly block and the melting temperature is higher than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall board, the surface of the assembly block has a release agent layer; If the melting temperature of the assembly blocks is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panels, the relative surfaces of the corresponding assembly blocks are fitted together or connected through the profile structure.

[0018] Optionally, the screw hole is equipped with a screw assembly for sealing the screw hole.

[0019] Optionally, a groove is pre-formed at the position where the core block and the screw assembly are aligned, or a tie rod of a tie member equipped with the screw assembly is pressed into the core block to a predetermined depth by extrusion; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a hot-melt block, the groove reserves an extrusion margin so that a locking is formed based on extrusion when the screw assembly is inserted; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a recyclable core block, the groove is tightly matched with the corresponding pull rod head with the screw assembly.

[0020] Optionally, the core block is positioned at the head of the anchor; The core block is clamped by two corresponding anchors and / or connected to the corresponding cage by additional connecting pieces; If the core blocks are connected to the corresponding cages using additional connecting pieces, the additional connecting pieces avoid the predetermined cutting positions of the blanks.

[0021] Optionally, one end of the tie rod of the anchor member for connecting with the screw assembly has a positioning plate for positioning the core block.

[0022] Optionally, the positioning plate has protrusions or ridges thereon to embed the corresponding core block.

[0023] Optionally, the pull rod exposes a positioning head on the side of the positioning plate where the screw assembly is located; A rotation-stopping sheet constituting the ridge body is arranged between the positioning head and the positioning disk.

[0024] According to a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a prefabricated exterior wall panel formed by the forming method described in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, a building is provided, wherein part or all of the exterior walls of the building are constructed by the prefabricated exterior wall panels described in the third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] According to the molding method and mesh cage assembly of the embodiment of the present invention, every two mesh cages are configured as a group, and the ends of the anchors of the two mesh cages in the group, such as the screw assembly, are opposite, that is, butted; then the two mesh cages with a total of four anchors are adapted to the two core blocks, and the core blocks can be single blocks or assembly blocks. If assembly blocks are used, the two assembly blocks are combined or joined. Under this condition, the poured slurry will not intervene in the entity determined by the core blocks or intervene less. After the pre-curing of the blank is completed, it is cut to form a single body of the prefabricated exterior wall panel, and the predetermined part of the prefabricated exterior wall panel blank that should have the connection groove is filled with the core block. Then, steam curing is performed, and the core block is melted or not. The melting can directly form the connection groove, and the non-melting core block part can be removed and reused. Since the connection groove does not need to be found by experience after the connection groove is formed, and it is not necessary to break the shell after finding the position of the connection groove, the relative regularity of the structure of the concrete base part that determines the connection groove is ensured. Since the time for finding the connection groove position and trimming the connection groove can be saved, the overall forming efficiency of the prefabricated exterior wall panel is relatively high. In addition, compared with the traditional method of forming the groove, in the embodiment of the present invention, the total contact area between the core block and the slurry becomes smaller, and under the condition of the same fixing force, it is less likely to cause the core block to shift during the pouring process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a known mesh cage structure (with an L-shaped plate installed).

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part I.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end structure of the prefabricated exterior wall panel.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mesh cage group in a mesh cage assembly in one embodiment.

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of Part II.

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated exterior wall panel in one embodiment.

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated exterior wall panel in one embodiment (L-shaped panel not installed).

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of an anchor in one embodiment.

[0035] Fig. 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of a group of two autoclaved aerated cement concrete prefabricated exterior wall slabs before segmentation in one embodiment.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Anchor piece, 2. L-shaped plate, 3. Netting piece, 4. Net cage, 5. Screw assembly, 6. Tenon, 7. Connecting groove, 8. Base, 9. Tenon, 10. Core block.

[0037] 1-1. First anchor, 1-2. Second anchor.

[0038] 4-1. The first mesh cage, 4-2. The second mesh cage.

[0039] 10-1. Half core block.

[0040] 11. Positioning plate, 12. Screw hole, 13. Anti-rotation plate, 14. Pull rod, 15. Pull hook, 16. Pull plate.

[0041] 81. A first substrate, 82. A second substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In view of the fact that the prefabricated exterior wall panels described in the embodiments of the present invention are essentially autoclaved aerated cement concrete prefabricated exterior wall panels, for the convenience of description, they are referred to as prefabricated exterior wall panels in the following text.

[0043] Prefabricated exterior wall panels, as a kind of assembled building components, are currently widely used in assembled buildings. Assembled buildings have relatively high requirements on the weight of the building components themselves. Therefore, the prefabricated exterior wall panels used in assembled buildings to construct exterior walls are generally autoclaved aerated cement concrete exterior wall panels.

[0044] Since the core block 10 is made of a hot-melt material in more embodiments, such as a polyurethane block. Here, a brief description of autoclaved aerated cement concrete is first given. Autoclaved aerated cement concrete is referred to as autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC), and its dry density is less than or equal to 1 / 5 of that of ordinary concrete (AAC has six levels of dry density, namely B03, B04, B05, B06, B07, and B08), among which AAC with a dry density less than or equal to B06 is also called ALC (Autoclaved Lightweight Concrete, i.e. autoclaved lightweight concrete, also known as Autoclaved Lightweight Aerated Concrete in some places). Low dry density can effectively reduce the total load of prefabricated buildings, and the strength requirements of the adapted hangers, tie parts, etc. are relatively low, or if the same hangers or tie parts are used for assembly, the connection reliability between the prefabricated exterior wall panels and, for example, the keel is better.

[0045] The defects in the production of autoclaved aerated concrete wall panels are due to the production process of autoclaved aerated concrete wall panels. After the wall panels are cut and formed, they need to be sent to an autoclave at 170℃~210℃ and 10~12 standard atmospheres for curing for 10h~12h. Organic insulation boards generally melt in such an environment and lose their insulation value.

[0046] However, in most embodiments of the present invention, the core block 10 is made of a material having a melting temperature lower than the curing temperature of the autoclaved aerated concrete wall panel to which it is applied. In other words, when the core block 10 is melted, the connecting groove 7 will be formed at the location where the connecting groove 7 is expected to be formed on the corresponding prefabricated exterior wall panel.

[0047] However, it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the use of other types of core blocks 10, such as wooden core blocks, is not excluded. After the prefabricated exterior wall panels are steamed, the wooden core blocks 10 can be removed. The core block 10 described here is actually a half core block 10-1.

[0048] For the convenience of description, the basic reference system in the embodiment of the present invention is defined below. Figure 6The figure shows a prefabricated exterior wall panel blank that has not been steamed and has not been installed with an L-shaped panel 2, but it already has a base 8 made of autoclaved aerated concrete, that is, the main body has been formed. It can be seen from the figure that the base 8 has typical strip features, and when installed, the strip direction of the strip is the direction corresponding to the longest side length in the figure, which determines the height of the prefabricated exterior wall panel, that is, the orientation in the installed state. At this time, the longest side length is in a vertical state, but it is usually called length in this field.

[0049] Furthermore, for prefabricated exterior wall panels, the direction used to distinguish between the inside and outside of the building when they are installed is the thickness direction of the prefabricated exterior wall panels, and then two panel surfaces are determined in the thickness direction, namely the inner panel surface and the outer panel surface opposite to the inner panel surface, wherein the inner panel surface is located indoors in the prefabricated exterior wall panels when they are installed, and an exterior finishing layer can be made on the outer panel surface.

[0050] The panel surface with the L-shaped panel 2 is usually the inner panel surface of the prefabricated exterior wall panel. More precisely, the panel surface of the prefabricated exterior wall panel with the connecting groove 7 is the inner panel surface of the prefabricated exterior wall panel. The steel structure or keel is connected to the prefabricated exterior wall panel from the inside to complete the assembly of the prefabricated exterior wall panel.

[0051] In contrast, for a strip board, its left and right sides are sometimes referred to as left and right sides, ignoring the characteristics of its surface. For a strip board, the upper and lower end faces are often referred to as upper and lower sides, ignoring their surface characteristics. In other words, the board surface that people often refer to usually refers specifically to the board surface determined by the longest side and the second longest side.

[0052] The direction on the surface of prefabricated exterior wall panels that is perpendicular to the length direction is called the width direction, which is also called the left-right direction, and the length direction is also called the longitudinal direction.

[0053] In addition, in the installed state, the long direction is usually the vertical direction, the up-down direction or the height direction, and the wide direction usually corresponds to the horizontal direction.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present invention, the core of the provided method for forming a prefabricated exterior wall panel is the configuration of the mesh cage 4. In the known forming method, the mesh cage 4 is arranged on the tooling according to a predetermined row and column matrix. In other words, a relatively large blank is often formed at one time, and then the blank is demolded after pre-curing, and then the blank is cut to form a single prefabricated exterior wall panel blank.

[0055] This method is also adopted in the embodiment of the present invention. First, the mesh cages 4 are assembled. Relatively speaking, since the mesh cages 4 are arranged in a regular row and column matrix in the known forming method, in other words, the inner surface orientations of the corresponding prefabricated exterior wall panel blanks in the blanks are consistent, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the mesh cages 4 are grouped, that is, two by two.

[0056] Regarding prefabricated exterior wall panels, reinforced wall panels are currently commonly used. There are two main types of reinforcements, one is traditional steel bars, and the other is FRP bars. In view of the fact that both types of bars are commonly used in this field, the embodiments of the present invention do not involve improvements to the mesh cage 4 itself, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] From the structural point of view, the mesh cage 4 is also called a reinforcement cage. In the prefabricated exterior wall panel, two pieces, such as steel mesh, are usually used, and three pieces or one piece can also be used. For example, FPR reinforcement can be used more pieces due to its relatively weak shear resistance, but generally no more than three pieces.

[0058] The assembly of the mesh cage 4 is often completed on a tooling, which usually includes a frame located above the mesh cage 4 when it is assembled, and a number of drill rods are suspended downward from the frame. Figure 1 The meshing component 3 shown in the figure has a matching hole in the middle for being mounted on the drill rod and cantilevered on both sides. The end of the cantilever has, for example, a hook to form, for example, a clamping structure with, for example, a steel bar on the mesh, so that, with the aid of the meshing component 3, for example, two or three meshes can be assembled into a mesh cage.

[0059] It should be noted that the networking components 3 may include only the networking components 3 used to cooperate with the drill rod, and may also include the networking components 3 used only for networking but not for cooperating with the drill rod. Especially for the mesh cage 4 with a relatively large length, such as the mesh cage 4 with a length greater than 3 meters, the mesh sheets of the mesh cage 4 often need to be connected with relatively more networking components 3 to ensure the overall structural stability.

[0060] The arrangement of the drill rods is a well-known technical content in the art and will not be elaborated here.

[0061] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a mesh cage unit in the mesh cage array according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 The position of the pull plate 16 of the middle anchor 1 shows that the anchors 1 of the two mesh cages in the group are matched head to head. Figure 5 In the illustrated structure, for the convenience of description, the two mesh cages 4 included in the same mesh cage unit are respectively referred to as the first mesh cage 4-1 and the second mesh cage 4-2, wherein the anchor 1 connected to the first mesh cage 4-1 is referred to as the first anchor 1-1, and the anchor 1 connected to the second mesh cage 4-2 is referred to as the second anchor 1-2. It should be known that under standard assembly, the position of the anchor 1 is determined, that is, the position of the anchor 1 in the mesh cage 4 in the three directions of length, width and thickness is determined. In the embodiment of the present invention, every two mesh cages 4 form a group, which is referred to as the aforementioned mesh cage unit. Each mesh cage 4 is equipped with two anchors 1, Figure 4 In the embodiment, the first anchor 1-1 in the first mesh cylinder 4-1 is aligned with the second anchor 1-2 in the second mesh cylinder 4-2.

[0062] As mentioned above, under standard assembly, the distance between the cages 4 in the cage array is also determined. In other words, the distance between two cages 4 in the cage unit is also determined, and the screw assembly 5 installed on the anchor 4 cannot protrude from the inner panel surface of the corresponding prefabricated exterior wall panel, but needs to be accommodated in the connection groove 7 as shown in Figure 3. The connection groove 7 is formed by, for example Figure 6 The half core block 10 - 1 shown in FIG. 1 should occupy the entire space of the connection groove 7 . In other words, the screw assembly 5 needs to be embedded in, for example, the half core block 10 - 1 .

[0063] In addition, the tie rod 14 of the anchor 1 may partially expose the bottom of the connecting groove 7 in some implementations, but in a more preferred implementation, the end face of the tie rod 14 is often flush with the bottom of the connecting groove 7. Therefore, the core block 10 can be fixed by embedding the screw assembly 5, for example, on the one hand, and can also be fixed by auxiliary additional connecting members. At this time, the end face of the tie rod 14 can provide positioning for the core block 10.

[0064] If the tie rod 14 partially exposes the groove bottom of the connecting groove 7 as a design structure, the exposed portion is obviously embedded in the core block 10.

[0065] At the same time, when the screw assembly 5 is used as a plugging member for plugging the screw hole 12 of the pull rod head, it can be removed from the screw hole 12 when installing, for example, the L-shaped plate 2, and can be directly used as a fastener for, for example, the L-shaped plate 2. When positioning and clamping the core block 10, the screw assembly 5 can be embedded in the core block 10 to position and clamp the core block 10.

[0066] The screw hole 12 on the tie rod 14 may be sealed by other sealing methods, such as a sealing cap. In this case, a portion of the tie rod 14 is required to expose the bottom of the connecting groove 7 in the finished state of the prefabricated exterior wall panel.

[0067] In other embodiments, a structure substantially similar to the screw assembly 5 is used to seal the screw hole 12 using a structure having a screw rod.

[0068] In addition, with the screw as the base, other structures can be designed for the blocking component, such as a structure with multiple fins, so that the fins are inserted into the core block 10 to achieve more reliable positioning and clamping of the core block 10.

[0069] The structure used as a reference, Figure 8 The structure of the anti-rotation plate 13 can be arranged on the aforementioned screw, for example.

[0070] Accordingly, whether it is a fin or other structure, as a rigid body, it should avoid cutting to form the profile when the prefabricated exterior wall panel blank is formed.

[0071] Accordingly, the tail end of the screw can be provided with a plurality of fins in the circumferential direction, and the fins can be only two, and are provided at the tail end of the screw in a bilaterally symmetrical manner. When there are only two fins, the fins themselves can also form a shape similar to a butterfly bolt, which is convenient for the assembly and disassembly of the screw.

[0072] The material of the screw, for example with fins, can be steel, for example, and can be reused.

[0073] Correspondingly, when the screw assembly 5 is directly used, the screw assembly 5 can be directly used as a fastener for connecting a connecting plate such as an L-shaped plate 2 and the anchor 1, and has better adaptability.

[0074] The installation of the anchor 1 on the mesh cage 4 is a relatively mature prior art. Figure 2 and Figure 8 In the figure is an anchor 1 with a pull plate 16. The two ends or one end of the pull plate 16 have hooks to hook and pull, for example, steel bars on the mesh cage 4. It can also be further tied with, for example, steel wire to make the position of the anchor 1 relatively stable.

[0075] This involves the fixation of the anchor 1 on the mesh cage 4 and the installation of the core block 10. For the same mesh cage unit, one of the pair of anchors 1 can be installed first, and then the core block 10 is positioned and fixed on the installed anchor 1, and then the other anchor 1 is installed. At the same time, the other anchor 1 and the fixed core block 10 are positioned and fixed.

[0076] It should be known that the position of the anchor 1 on the mesh cage 4 is fixed, so the position of the connecting groove 7 on the prefabricated exterior wall panel is also fixed. The selection of the position of the anchor 1 on the mesh cage 4 is common knowledge in the field and will not be repeated here.

[0077] Regarding the core block 10 , it may be considered to pre-punch a positioning groove in the core block 10 . The positioning groove can be used for auxiliary positioning between the anchor 1 and can also be used to facilitate the rapid and accurate embedding of the screw assembly 5 .

[0078] From the above content, it can be seen that the aligned anchors contained in the same mesh cage unit should be aligned head to head. Figure 8 In the embodiment, one end of the pull rod 14 provided with the positioning plate 11 is the head of the anchor 1. Figure 8 The threaded sleeve section of the anchor 1 shown in the figure, which is located on the upper side of the positioning plate 11 , obviously exposes the bottom of the connecting groove 7 , and this part should be embedded in the core block 10 .

[0079] If the outer end face of the pull rod 14 , ie the head end face, is flush with the groove bottom of the connecting groove 7 , a blocking component of the screw hole 12 is needed to assist in positioning and clamping the core block 10 .

[0080] As mentioned above, there are many options for the core block 10. One is a whole block, in which the whole block is divided into two monomers in the blank. Figure 6 The illustrated structure is shown as a half core block 10-1. Such core block 10 is made of a heat-fusible material, such as polyurethane, polystyrene, extruded polystyrene and other organic insulation blocks, which are mostly heat-fusible and have a melting temperature generally lower than the curing temperature of the relevant autoclaved aerated concrete.

[0081] Such hot-melt materials, such as polyurethane insulation boards, are generally made by foaming, extrusion and other processes. After melting, the volume is very small, and the porosity of autoclaved aerated concrete is very large during the curing process. The melted polyurethane can penetrate into the gaps of the matrix 8, and after solidification, it can seal some of the gaps, making the matrix 8 have a better insulation effect. The base 8 may be a solid autoclaved aerated concrete board or a heat-insulating wallboard with a built-in heat-insulating board. As for the built-in heat-insulating board, a known prefabricated exterior wallboard with a heat-insulating board embedded therein may be used.

[0082] The hot-melt core block 10 is mainly cut from an organic insulation board, and the core blocks 10 of predetermined specifications can also be directly produced in the factory stage. Since this type of core block 10 is mainly used as a consumable material, in a preferred embodiment, it is mainly made of a relatively cheap insulation board, such as the aforementioned polyurethane insulation board.

[0083] In some implementations, the core block 10 can be an assembly block or two single half core blocks 10-1. When the single half core blocks 10-1 are squeezed and fitted together, the slurry will not intervene. Even if a very small amount of slurry is immersed, it may be biased on one half core block 10-1 after cutting, and will also scatter after hot melting, making it difficult to form a shell structure. From a process point of view, it still has a good ability to ensure the regular shape of the connecting groove 7.

[0084] Even if the half core block 10-1 is directly used, it is different from the traditional method of using relatively small individual core blocks 10 to prepare the connecting groove 7 with a thin-walled shell. In the embodiment of the present invention, a better interface can be formed between the half core blocks 10-1 based on the bonding, which can effectively reduce the possibility of the formation of a thin-walled shell. In other words, the formation of a thin-walled shell is not the purpose, but what the present invention tries to avoid.

[0085] As a means of avoiding the formation of a thin-walled shell as much as possible, in an embodiment of the present invention, when a single half core block 10-1 is used, two half core blocks 10-1 may be bonded together, and this bonding may be, for example, bonding to each other to form a chemical bond.

[0086] In some embodiments, the two half core blocks 10 - 1 can also be connected by a relatively simple mortise and tenon joint.

[0087] It should be noted that in the mechanical field, one half core 10-1 has a tenon and the other half core has a groove, which are essentially different in structure. However, in the mechanical field, the two half cores can still be called the same. The aforementioned tenon and groove are only accessories or additional structures and have no value for the overall determination.

[0088] Similarly, in some embodiments, one half core 10-1 has a convex portion, and the other half core 10-1 has a groove portion, and the two half cores 10-1 can effectively reduce the involvement of slurry after being matched. This type of connection belongs to profile connection, which will not be described in detail here.

[0089] As mentioned above, the material of the half core block 10 - 1 is still made of hot-melt material. Compared with the whole core block 10 , the use of the half core block 10 - 1 can reduce the difficulty of installing the core block 10 on the mesh cage 4 .

[0090] In addition, in some embodiments, the half core block 10-1 is made of non-thermofusible material, such as wood, and the two half core blocks 10-1 are required to be matched in a face-to-face joint. This type of structure has higher requirements for cutting and is a secondary option.

[0091] In addition, if a non-thermofusible material is used to make the half core block 10 - 1 , a release agent layer is formed on the surface of the half core block 10 - 1 by spraying or brushing, so as to facilitate the recycling of the half core block 10 - 1 .

[0092] In summary, the integral hot-melt block is preferred for the core block 10. Other issues still need to be considered. One is that such hot-melt blocks are mainly cut from insulation boards or directly produced by insulation board manufacturers. Such insulation boards are easy to cut. In other words, the use of integral hot-melt blocks will not increase the difficulty of cutting the blank.

[0093] Secondly, when the hot-melt block is cut, organic insulation board debris is generated, and the amount is very small. Even if it falls into the slurry, it often has little effect on the performance of the cement concrete slurry. This can also be further extended to set a protective structure around the blank during cutting to prevent the hot-melt core block 10 debris from falling into the slurry supply equipment.

[0094] After the mesh cage 4 is assembled, and the anchors 1 and core blocks 10 are installed, the equipment is started to lower the tooling into the casting mold, and after it is lowered into place, the autoclaved aerated concrete slurry is poured.

[0095] The slurry needs to be stopped for curing to solidify, then demolded and the tooling removed. The removal of the tooling is relatively simple, mainly involving pulling out the drill, which is usually completed by driving the tooling upward.

[0096] After pulling out the drill, a blank is obtained, and the blank can often be cut into several, dozens or even dozens of exterior wall panel blanks.

[0097] After cutting, it will form a roughly Figure 6 As shown in the structure, in some embodiments, the core block 10 is also divided into two parts to form a half core block 10 - 1 as shown in the figure.

[0098] about Figure 6 The forming of the mortise groove 6 and the tenon 9 is a very mature technology and has nothing to do with the invention of the present invention, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0099] Due to the casting accuracy, the half core blocks 10 - 1 may not be exposed at both ends of the base 8 , and trimming may be performed to expose the half core blocks 10 - 1 at the end faces of the base 8 .

[0100] However, it should be noted that cutting often has specific benchmarks, and the dimensional accuracy of the prefabricated exterior wall panel blank is relatively high. In this way, a thin-walled shell is often not formed at the end of the base 8 relative to the connecting groove 7, and the connecting groove 7 can be directly formed after the half core block 10-1 is melted, so that the connecting groove 7 can be relatively regular.

[0101] For the traditional implementation of forming a thin-walled shell first, since the connecting groove 7 is equivalent to being buried in the base 8, the worker needs to estimate the position of the connecting groove 7 first, and then use a hammer to knock a shell part of the thin-walled shell at a position roughly corresponding to the middle of the connecting groove 7, and then gradually expand from the inside to the outside to trim the connecting groove 7. In addition, when there is no groove 7 for board surface identification, the groove 7 with the thin-walled shell is substantially located under the board surface cover as mentioned above, and the two board surfaces of the prefabricated exterior wall panel are apparently the same, which makes it more difficult to find the groove 7.

[0102] In addition, since the autoclaved aerated concrete is a hard and brittle component after curing, the corners of the connecting groove 7 finally formed based on the traditional thin-walled shell are easily lost during the finishing process, which is not only unsightly, but also has some impact on the overall strength at this point.

[0103] Accordingly, when the cut prefabricated exterior wall panel blanks are sent to the steam curing kettle for steam curing, as mentioned above, the working temperature of the steam curing kettle is relatively high, and the steam curing time is relatively long, which can ensure the deep reaction of the autoclaved aerated concrete while ensuring that the hot-melt half-core block 10-1 is fully melted, so that the connecting groove 7 can be fully exposed.

[0104] The groove 7 according to the embodiment of the present invention is directly formed, and there is no need to find the position of the groove 7, destroy the thin-walled part of the thin-walled cavity structure, or perform complicated trimming on the groove 7. The efficiency is relatively high, and the molding quality of the groove 7 is relatively good.

[0105] After the steam curing is completed, the exterior wall panel body with the connecting groove 7 is obtained.

[0106] The connecting plates used for installing the exterior wall panels on, for example, keels or steel structures are usually assembled in place at the factory stage. After the exterior wall panels are taken out of the autoclave, the sealing pieces of the screw holes 12 on the pull rods 14 are removed, the screw holes 12 are cleaned, and then, for example, the L-shaped panels 2 are installed in place using, for example, screw assemblies 5.

[0107] As mentioned above, if the plugging member adopts a screw assembly 5, then after removing the screw assembly 5, the screw assembly 5 can be directly used as a fastener for installing a connecting plate such as an L-shaped plate 2 on the pre-installed exterior wall panel, and finally a structure having the structure shown in FIG. Figure 3 Prefabricated exterior wall panels of the middle structure. The prefabricated exterior wall panels can be installed on, for example, a building steel structure or a keel using bolts by means of holes on, for example, the L-shaped plate 2, to construct the exterior wall.

[0108] for Figure 3 The part shown is the structure at one end of the prefabricated exterior wall panel, and the combination of the prefabricated exterior wall panel at the other end Figure 1 In some implementations, the prefabricated exterior wall panels can also be made into prefabricated exterior wall composite panels, for example, a finishing layer is directly made on the outer surface of the base 8, and an auxiliary functional layer is formed between the finishing layer and the outer surface of the base 8, so as to further reduce the amount of construction on site.

[0109] The foregoing text specifically describes the connection method between the core block 10 and, for example, the screw assembly 5, which is mainly based on squeezing, for example, the screw assembly 5 into the core block 10. This form is relatively simple, can reduce processing costs, and save labor hours, but it will affect the positioning accuracy of the core block 10 during on-site installation.

[0110] In some embodiments, a pre-grooved portion of the core block 10 that is preset to cooperate with, for example, the screw assembly 5 can be provided. The pre-grooved portion can be completed at the factory stage, and the grooving accuracy is relatively high. The groove can be used as a reference for initial centering, thereby ensuring the accuracy of positioning of the core block 10 in the mesh cage 4 when, for example, the screw assembly 5 is embedded therein.

[0111] In some embodiments, the position of the pre-groove may not be grooved, but instead a predetermined position of the core block 10 may be marked by setting an alignment target. For example, a cross target or a dot target may be marked at the position where the core block 10 is aligned with, for example, the screw assembly 5. When installing the core block 10, for example, the screw assembly 5 is pressed in with the cross target as a reference.

[0112] For example, regarding the insertion depth of the screw assembly 5, in principle, the screw assembly 5 needs to be completely pressed into the core block 10. The core block 10 is mainly positioned by the tie rod 14 of the anchor 1. This has been mentioned in the previous text and is emphasized here. Figure 8 In the illustrated structure, a positioning plate 11 is provided on the pull rod 14 , and when the core block 10 is pressed in, the surface of the core block 10 facing the positioning plate 11 is in contact with the positioning plate 11 and is in place.

[0113] If the positioning plate 11 is not provided, the end surface of the pull rod 14 may be used as the positioning reference surface, and the core block 10 is in place when it reaches the end surface of the pull rod 14 .

[0114] It can be seen that positioning mainly relies on the tie rod 14, but it can also be positioned with the help of other structures. The clamping mainly relies on, for example, the screw assembly 5, but it can also be based on a part of the tie rod 14, mainly the part of the tie rod 14 that exposes the bottom of the connecting groove 7 under the designed size, such as Figure 8 The portion further extending upward from the positioning plate 11 shown in the figure can also be used to clamp the core block 10.

[0115] Clamping is a term in the field of mold technology and is used here to indicate a locked state.

[0116] Furthermore, regarding the pre-opened groove, it can be a loose fit with, for example, the screw assembly 5 (it should be known that in the mechanical field, interference fit and transition fit are called tight fit, and clearance fit is called loose fit, but it should also be known that clearance fit does not mean the existence of a gap, but is a fitting method based on a tolerance zone).

[0117] As mentioned above, even if the core block 10 is pre-grooved, the main function of the groove is positioning. In other words, the pre-groove can be a circular groove, and there is no need to consider the shape of the nail head of the screw component 5. Under this condition, when the screw component 5 is embedded therein, it will cause the groove to deform and form a lock.

[0118] Accordingly, if the core block 10 is a hot-melt block, the groove reserves an extrusion margin so as to form a locking due to extrusion when, for example, the screw assembly 5 is inserted.

[0119] In addition, the pre-opened groove and the screw assembly 5 may be loosely matched. Under this condition, based on Figure 4 The distance between the first mesh cylinder 4-1 and the second mesh cylinder 4-2 is determined, and the core block 10 is clamped between the first anchor 1-1 and the second anchor 1-2.

[0120] If a groove is pre-cut in the core block 10 and the core block 10 is a recyclable core block, a tight fit is adopted between the cut groove and the head of the corresponding pull rod 14 having the screw assembly 5. At this time, the core block 10 is composed of two single half core blocks 10-1. The tight fit can prevent the core block 10 from shifting easily.

[0121] Furthermore, for the hot-melt core block 10 , other methods can be used to improve the reliability of its fixation, such as using a wire insertion method to pass a steel wire through the core block 10 and then tie it to the mesh cage 4 .

[0122] Another issue that needs to be considered at this time is whether the use of methods such as wire insertion will affect the cutting of the blank. At this time, the steel wire needs to be kept away from the cutting position of the blank.

[0123] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated structure, a positioning plate 11 is provided for positioning the core block 10. In some embodiments, a protrusion or ridge may be provided on the surface of the positioning plate 11 facing the core block 10 so that the corresponding core block 10 can be embedded to prevent rotation and fix the core block.

[0124] exist Figure 8 In the illustrated structure, the pull rod 14 has a positioning head exposed on the side where the screw assembly 5 of the positioning plate is located, and this part is obviously inserted into the core block 10; Figure 8 Four anti-rotation plates 13 are arranged in the middle, and the anti-rotation plates 13 also constitute reinforcing ribs.

[0125] Correspondingly, the anti-rotation piece 13 is a right-angled triangle reinforcement rib structure in the figure, and is arranged between the positioning head and the positioning plate 11.

Claims

1. A molding method for molding prefabricated exterior wall panels, characterized in that: The molding method comprises the following steps: 1) Assemble the mesh cages on the predetermined tooling, and make every two mesh cages form a group; 2) Install the anchors, fix them at the predetermined positions of the mesh cages, and align the anchors between the two mesh cages in the same group one by one; the screw holes at the ends of the tie rods of the anchors are in a pre-blocked state; 3) Install the core block and fix it between two relatively positioned anchors; the core block is an assembly block of two identical halves or a hot-melt block whose melting temperature is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panel; 4) Pouring: put the casting mold under the mesh cage and pour the autoclaved aerated concrete slurry; 5) Static maintenance; 6) De-mould and remove the tooling to obtain the blank, which is then cut into exterior wall panel blanks; 7) sending the exterior wall panel blank into a steam curing kettle for steam curing, and taking it out of the kettle after the steam curing is completed to obtain an exterior wall panel body with connecting grooves; 8) Install the connection plate, remove the plugging piece used to block the screw hole, and install the connection plate used to connect with the building steel structure or keel on the anchor piece.

2. The molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the core block is an assembly block and the melting temperature is higher than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall board, the surface of the assembly block has a release agent layer; If the melting temperature of the assembly blocks is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panels, the relative surfaces of the corresponding assembly blocks are fitted together or connected through the profile structure.

3. The molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw hole is sealed using a screw assembly.

4. The molding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: A groove is pre-formed at the position where the core block and the screw assembly are aligned, or the tie rod of the tie member with the screw assembly installed is pressed into the core block to a predetermined depth by extrusion; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a hot-melt block, the groove reserves an extrusion margin so that a locking is formed based on extrusion when the core block is inserted into the pull rod part structure; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a recyclable core block, the groove is tightly matched with the corresponding pull rod head with the screw assembly.

5. The molding method according to claim 1, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The core block is positioned at the head of the anchor; The core block is clamped by two corresponding anchors and / or connected to the corresponding cage by additional connecting pieces; If the core blocks are connected to the corresponding cages using additional connecting pieces, the additional connecting pieces avoid the predetermined cutting positions of the blanks.

6. The molding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the green body is cut, at least the chips generated by cutting the core block are collected.

7. A mesh cage assembly, wherein the mesh cage is used as a mesh cage for prefabricated exterior wall panels, characterized in that: include: Tooling, with regularly arranged drill rods; Connectors, part or all of which are passed through the corresponding drill rods; The mesh is assembled into mesh cages with the help of corresponding connecting pieces, and every two mesh cages form a group; Anchors are used to install anchors on mesh cages. The anchors of two mesh cages in the same group are aligned one by one and aligned with each other. The screw holes on the heads of the tie rods of the anchors are in a pre-blocked state. The core block is fixed between the aligned anchors; The core block is an assembly block of two identical halves bonded or joined to each other or a hot-melt block whose melting temperature is lower than the steam curing temperature of the corresponding exterior wall board.

8. The net cage assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: If the core block is an assembly block and the melting temperature is higher than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall board, the surface of the assembly block has a release agent layer; If the melting temperature of the assembly blocks is lower than the steam curing temperature of the prepared exterior wall panels, the relative surfaces of the corresponding assembly blocks are fitted together or connected through the profile structure.

9. The net cage assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw hole is equipped with a screw assembly for sealing the screw hole.

10. The net cage assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: A groove is pre-formed at the position where the core block and the screw assembly are aligned, or the tie rod of the tie member with the screw assembly installed is pressed into the core block to a predetermined depth by extrusion; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a hot-melt block, the groove reserves an extrusion margin so that a locking is formed based on extrusion when the screw assembly is inserted; If the core block is pre-grooved and the core block is a recyclable core block, the groove is tightly matched with the corresponding pull rod head with the screw assembly.

11. The net cage assembly according to claim 7, 9 or 10, characterized in that: The core block is positioned at the head of the anchor; The core block is clamped by two corresponding anchors and / or connected to the corresponding cage by additional connecting pieces; If the core blocks are connected to the corresponding cages using additional connecting pieces, the additional connecting pieces avoid the predetermined cutting positions of the blanks.

12. The net cage assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that: One end of the tie rod of the anchor member, which is used for connecting with the screw assembly, is provided with a positioning plate for positioning the core block.

13. The net cage assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that: The positioning disk has protrusions or ridges to embed the corresponding core block.

14. The net cage assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that: The pull rod exposes a positioning head on the side of the positioning plate where the screw assembly is located; A rotation-stopping sheet constituting the ridge body is arranged between the positioning head and the positioning disk.

15. A prefabricated exterior wall panel formed by the forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

16. A building, characterized in that: The exterior wall of the building is partially or entirely constructed by the prefabricated exterior wall panels described in claim 15.

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