An outdoor survey device for geodetic surveying and its survey method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of geographical surveying and mapping, and discloses an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof, which includes two rotating cylinders. A same winding belt is stretched between the two rotating cylinders. An earth-inserting positioning rod inserted into the soil is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder. A swinging cylinder for winding the winding belt is arranged in the rotating cylinder. A triggering ring is sleeved on the swinging cylinder. A counterweight is provided on the triggering ring through a plumb line. A measuring part for measuring the swinging angle of the plumb line is also arranged on the triggering ring. In the present invention, the triggering ring rotates coaxially with the base, and at the same time, the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. Therefore, when deflection occurs, the plumb line with the counterweight remains in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and also drive the pointer on the rotating rod to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle scale, so that the angle between the a surface and the b surface corresponding to the γ surface at this time can be quickly read out.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geographical surveying and mapping, and particularly relates to an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing outdoor geographical environment surveying and mapping devices have the problem of being inconvenient for measurement. It is often necessary to place the surveying instrument on a specific terrain for measurement. Traditional geographical surveying and mapping devices often result in inaccurate measurement due to the uneven ground during field operations, especially when detecting different slope surfaces on the same piece of land, that is, measuring the horizontal distance between measurement points and the relative inclination angle between two measurement surfaces, namely Figure 8 the measurement of the corresponding angles of β and γ in However, the measurement devices in the prior art only have one measurement device and can only detect the ground data where the measurement device is located. If it is necessary to detect the data dimensions of two grounds, secondary measurement is required, and then the data is analyzed and processed. This often increases the processing amount and cannot record the data of the two ground slopes required at one time.

[0003] Therefore, we have designed an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the measurement device only has one measurement device and can only detect the ground data where the measurement device is located. If it is necessary to detect the data dimensions of two grounds, secondary measurement is required, and then the data is analyzed and processed, which often increases the processing amount. Thus, an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping and a measuring method thereof are proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

[0006] An outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping, including two rotating cylinders, a same winding belt is stretched between the two rotating cylinders, an earth-inserting positioning rod inserted into the slope is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder, a swinging cylinder for winding the winding belt is arranged inside the rotating cylinder, a triggering ring is sleeved on the swinging cylinder, a counterweight block is provided on the triggering ring through a plumb line, a measuring part for measuring the swinging angle of the plumb line is further provided on the triggering ring, a measuring rod is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder, and a measuring slider for measuring the swinging angle of the swinging cylinder slides on the measuring rod.

[0007] Preferably, an annular rail is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, both ends of the swinging cylinder slide on the annular rail through sliding sliders, a rotating shaft is vertically fixed on the swinging cylinder, and the triggering ring is sleeved on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft. An opening is formed on the rotating cylinder, and the winding belt passes through the opening.

[0008] Preferably, a base is fixed to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and a telescopic rod penetrating the rotating cylinder is inserted on the base. The telescopic rod slides in the rotating cylinder through a side block. The rotating shaft rotates in the base through a ball assembly. The ball assembly includes a plurality of balls and ball grooves. The trigger ring is coaxially arranged with the base and is connected to the swinging cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, a support ring is connected to the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder through a connecting pipe. The support ring is coaxially sleeved with a fixed ring, and a measuring rod is arranged radially between the support ring and the fixed ring.

[0010] Preferably, a fixed block is fixed to the outer side wall of the telescopic rod. Scales are engraved on the measuring rod, and a measuring slider slides on the measuring rod. A connecting rod is rotatably connected between the measuring slider and the fixed block.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating cavity is coaxially opened in the rotating shaft. The telescopic rod is coaxially inserted into the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft. An extension rod is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft. An inner cavity is opened in the telescopic rod, and the extension rod extends into the inner cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a thread groove is opened on the inner wall of the inner cavity. A resisting rod extending into the thread groove is fixedly arranged at the end of the extension rod.

[0013] Preferably, the measuring part includes:

[0014] A rotating groove is opened at the bottom of the trigger ring, and a rotating wheel rotates in the rotating groove. One end of the plumb line is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel, and the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating rod coaxially fixed with the rotating wheel is inserted through the trigger ring. A pointer is fixed to the end of the rotating rod, and an angle scale is fixed to the outer side wall of the trigger ring.

[0016] A measuring method of an outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying, the specific measuring method is as follows:

[0017] S1: First, select two slopes to be detected, and then vertically insert two soil-inserting positioning rods with rotating cylinders into the slopes. During this process, the same winding belt originally wound in the two swinging cylinders is pulled out, and the pulled winding belt can detect whether the surface where the winding belt is located is horizontal.

[0018] S2: When measuring the swinging angle of the swinging cylinder, the swinging cylinder in the rotating cylinder swings, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate in the base through the ball assembly. Since the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the resisting rod at the end of the extension rod to rotate together and squeezes the thread groove, driving the telescopic rod to slide telescopically, and then pushing the fixed block to drive the measuring slider to slide on the measuring rod through the connecting rod, thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding surface.

[0019] S3: When measuring the swinging angle of the plumb line, since the trigger ring rotates coaxially with the base, and at the same time the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft, when the swinging cylinder deflects, the plumb line with the counterweight remains in the vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and also drive the pointer on the rotating rod to deflect, and display the deflection angle on the angle scale.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] In the present invention, the swinging cylinder in the rotating cylinder swings, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate in the base through the ball component. Since the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the abutting rod at the end of the extension rod to rotate together, and pushes the thread groove, driving the telescopic rod to telescopically slide, and then pushing the fixed block to drive the measuring slider to slide on the measuring rod through the connecting rod, thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding β plane.

[0022] In the present invention, the trigger ring rotates coaxially with the base, and at the same time the axis of the rotating wheel is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft. Therefore, when deflecting, the plumb line with the counterweight remains in the vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and also drive the pointer on the rotating rod to deflect, and display the deflection angle on the angle scale, and can quickly read the angles of the a plane and the b plane corresponding to the γ plane at this time. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an outdoor measuring device for geodetic surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating cylinder in an outdoor measuring device for geodetic surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a left and right isometric axonometric view of the rotating cylinder in an outdoor measuring device for geodetic surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a schematic enlarged view of the structure at A in;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating shaft in an outdoor measuring device for geodetic surveying proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a schematic enlarged view of the structure at B in;

[0029] Figure 7 is Figure 5 a schematic enlarged view of the structure at C in;

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of two slope angles β and γ.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Soil insertion positioning rod; 2. Rotating cylinder; 3. Winding belt; 4. Swinging cylinder; 5. Trigger ring; 6. Counterweight; 7. Plumb line; 8. Annular track; 9. Sliding block; 10. Rotating shaft; 11. Ball assembly; 12. Fixed ring; 13. Opening; 14. Support ring; 15. Connecting pipe; 16. Measuring rod; 17. Measuring block; 18. Fixed block; 19. Telescopic rod; 20. Connecting rod; 21. Extension rod; 22. Side block; 23. Abutment rod; 24. Inner cavity; 25. Threaded groove; 26. Angle plate; 27. Rotating rod; 28. Pointer; 29. ​​Rotating wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Reference Figures 1-8 An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping includes two rotating cylinders 2, a same winding belt 3 is pulled between the two rotating cylinders 2, and a soil insertion positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder 2. It should be noted that such a design is convenient for simultaneously measuring two inclined surfaces with different slopes, such as Figure 1 The a-side and b-side in the figure have Figure 8 The combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and the combined inclination angles of β2 and γ2 are shown in the figure. The outdoor measuring device needs to measure the data of the combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and the combined inclination angles of β2 and γ2.

[0033] It should be noted that the a-plane and b-plane to be mapped have combined inclination angles of β1 and γ1 and β2 and γ2, respectively, where γ1, γ2, β1 and β2 are the angles with the horizontal plane, respectively, as Figure 8 As shown, the surveying and mapping device is to survey and detect the combined tilt angle surface of β1 and γ1 possessed by the a surface, and the combined tilt angle surface of β2 and γ2 possessed by the b surface.

[0034] Two slope surfaces a and b to be detected are selected, and the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 is inserted into the corresponding surface a and surface b, wherein the bottom of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 is provided with spikes to facilitate insertion into the soil, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 are vertically inserted into the slope surface, and a swing cylinder 4 for winding the winding belt 3 is provided in the rotating cylinder 2. When the two rotating cylinders 2 are pulled apart, the same winding belt 3 originally wound in the two swinging cylinders 4 is pulled out in the process, and an opening 13 is provided on the rotating cylinder 2, and the winding belt 3 passes through the opening 13, so the pulled-out winding belt 3 can detect whether the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is horizontal;

[0035] Among them, the winding of the winding belt 3 is a prior art and will not be elaborated in detail here.

[0036] When the wound tape 3 being pulled out is in an inclined state, that is, the insertion points of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 into the corresponding a-surface and b-surface are not on the same horizontal plane at this time. Therefore, it is necessary to readjust the insertion points to ensure that the insertion points of the a-surface and b-surface are on the same plane for subsequent measurement. That is, it is necessary to readjust the depth of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil to ensure that the surface where the wound tape 3 is located is a horizontal plane, which is convenient for measuring the combined inclined angle surfaces of β1 and γ1 on the a-surface and the combined inclined angle surfaces of β2 and γ2 on the b-surface.

[0037] Refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the state shown in FIGS. and, an annular rail 8 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 2. Both ends of the swinging cylinder 4 slide on the annular rail 8 through sliding sliders 9. When the inclination angles of β1 and β2 occur, the trigger ring 5 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 10, and a counterweight 6 is suspended on the trigger ring 5. At this time, the swinging cylinders 4 on the annular rails 8 in the two rotating cylinders 2 are always in a vertical state under the action of the sliding sliders 9 and the counterweight 6. As shown in the figure, the two rotating cylinders 2 are in an inclined state. Since the rotating cylinder 2 and the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 are rotationally connected, this ensures that the openings 13 of the two rotating cylinders 2 are in a relative state during use. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the counterweight 6 drives the trigger ring 5 to always be in a vertical state, that is, the opening of the rotating groove at the bottom of the trigger ring 5 faces downward. This will also drive the swinging cylinder 4 to be the same as the plumb line 7, and the axis of the swinging cylinder 4 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane together with the plumb line 7. Therefore, the rotating shaft 10 on the swinging cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the base.

[0038] A rotating shaft 10 is vertically fixed on the swinging cylinder 4. The trigger ring 5 is connected to the swinging cylinder 4. A base is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 2. When the inclination angles of β1 and β2 occur, the rotating shaft 10 will rotate in the base. The rotating shaft 10 rotates in the base through a ball component 11. The ball component 11 includes a plurality of balls and ball grooves. If it is necessary to measure the angles of the two β-surfaces, the swinging cylinder 4 in the rotating cylinder 2 will swing and then drive the rotating shaft 10 to rotate in the base through the ball component 11;

[0039] Refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6, a telescopic rod 19 is inserted on the base and penetrates through the rotating cylinder 2. A rotating cavity is coaxially opened in the rotating shaft 10. The telescopic rod 19 is coaxially inserted into the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft 10. An extension rod 21 is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft 10. An inner cavity 24 is opened on the telescopic rod 19, and the extension rod 21 extends into the inner cavity 24. A threaded groove 25 is opened on the inner wall of the inner cavity 24. A resisting rod 23 that extends into the threaded groove 25 is fixedly arranged at the end of the extension rod 21. Since the rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the resisting rod 23 at the end of the extension rod 21 to rotate together and pushes against the side wall of the threaded groove 25, driving the telescopic rod 19 to telescopically slide. Among them, the telescopic rod 19 telescopically slides in the rotating cylinder 2 through a side block 22. Among them, a side groove for limiting the side block 22 is opened on the base, ensuring that the telescopic rod 19 with the side block 22 can slide along the axis without rotating, and driving the subsequent fixing block 18 to move together.

[0040] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a measuring rod 16 is arranged on the outer side wall of the rotating cylinder 2, and a measuring slider 17 for measuring the swinging angle β of the swinging cylinder 4 slides on the measuring rod 16. The outer side wall of the rotating cylinder 2 is connected with a support ring 14 through a connecting pipe 15. A fixing ring 12 is coaxially sleeved on the support ring 14, and the measuring rod 16 is arranged radially between the support ring 14 and the fixing ring 12. Then, the rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the extension rod 21 to turn differently in the inner cavity 24. As Figure 6 shown, different turning directions will cause the resisting rod 23 to push the threaded groove 25, driving the telescopic rod 19 to telescopically move, and finally driving the fixing block 18 to telescopically move together;

[0041] A fixing block 18 is fixed on the outer side wall of the telescopic rod 19. Scales are engraved on the measuring rod 16, and a measuring slider 17 slides on the measuring rod 16. A connecting rod 20 is rotatably connected between the measuring slider 17 and the fixing block 18. Pushing the fixing block 18 drives the measuring slider 17 to slide on the measuring rod 16 through the connecting rod 20, and then measures the corresponding angle of the β plane. Among them, scales are engraved on the measuring rod 16, and the initial position where the measuring slider 17 is located is 0 degrees, with positive and negative scales engraved on the left and right sides respectively. Such a setting ensures that when measuring the inclination angle of the β plane, the inclination directions are opposite. Then, with the measuring slider 17 sliding left and right on the measuring rod 16, the marked scale values are also different.

[0042] If it is necessary to measure the angle of the γ plane, a trigger ring 5 is sleeved on the swinging cylinder 4. A counterweight block 6 is provided on the trigger ring 5 through a plumb line 7. A measuring part for measuring the swinging angle γ of the plumb line 7 is also provided on the trigger ring 5. Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 7Status, the measuring part includes a rotating groove which is opened at the bottom of the trigger ring 5. A rotating wheel 29 is rotatably arranged in the rotating groove. One end of the plumb line 7 is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel 29, and the axis of the rotating wheel 29 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10. Such a setting can ensure that when the device deflects by an angle β, the rotating wheel 29 will not rotate at this time. Since the trigger ring 5 is coaxially arranged with the base, a counterweight 6 is hung on the trigger ring 5 through the plumb line 7, so as to ensure that the trigger ring 5 is always coaxially arranged with the base. Under the action of the counterweight 6, the rotating wheel 29 is always at the bottommost end of the trigger ring 5.

[0043] Therefore, when deflection occurs, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 remains in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel 29 to rotate.

[0044] A rotating rod 27 coaxially fixed with the rotating wheel 29 is inserted through the trigger ring 5. A pointer 28 is fixed to the end of the rotating rod 27, and an angle scale 26 is fixed to the outer side wall of the trigger ring 5. When the rotating wheel 29 rotates, it will drive the pointer 28 to deflect on the angle scale 26, and then the corresponding data is read.

[0045] It should be noted that the initial positions of the pointer 28 on the rotating wheel 29 and the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 are both marked as 0 degrees. When the pointer 28 swings left and right on the rotating wheel 29, it is marked as γ1 and γ2 in terms of angle; while the left and right sliding of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 is marked as β1 and β2 in terms of angle. Therefore, this measuring device can simultaneously measure and read the angles of two orientations of the a surface and the b surface in Figure 1 so as to achieve the effect of rapid measurement.

[0046] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0047] S1: First, select two slopes to be detected, and then vertically insert two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 into the slopes. The bottom of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 is provided with a spike to facilitate piercing into the soil. Then, vertically insert two soil-inserting positioning rods 1 with rotating cylinders 2 into the slopes. A swinging cylinder 4 for winding the winding belt 3 is arranged in the rotating cylinder 2. When the two rotating cylinders 2 are pulled apart, in this process, the same winding belt 3 originally wound in the two swinging cylinders 4 is pulled out. An opening 13 is opened on the rotating cylinder 2, and the winding belt 3 passes through the opening 13. Therefore, the pulled-out winding belt 3 can detect whether the surface where the winding belt 3 is located is horizontal;

[0048] When the wound tape 3 being pulled out is in an inclined state, that is, the insertion points of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 into the corresponding a surface and b surface are not on the same horizontal plane at this time. Therefore, it is necessary to readjust the insertion points to ensure that the insertion points of the a surface and the b surface are on the same plane, which is convenient for subsequent measurement. That is, it is necessary to readjust the depth of the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 inserted into the soil to ensure that the surface where the wound tape 3 is located is a horizontal plane, which is convenient for measuring the combined inclination angle surfaces of β1 and γ1 on the a surface and the combined inclination angle surfaces of β2 and γ2 on the b surface;

[0049] S2: When measuring the angle of the β surface, since the rotating cylinder 2 and the soil-inserting positioning rod 1 are rotatably connected, this ensures that the openings 13 of the two rotating cylinders 2 are in a relative state during use. At the same time, under the action of gravity, the counterweight 6 drives the trigger ring 5 to always be in a vertical state, that is, the opening of the rotating groove at the bottom of the trigger ring 5 faces downward. This will also drive the swinging cylinder 4 to be the same as the plumb line 7. The axis of the swinging cylinder 4 and the plumb line 7 are both perpendicular to the horizontal plane. Therefore, the rotating shaft 10 on the swinging cylinder 4 will rotate relative to the base. The swinging cylinder 4 in the rotating cylinder 2 will swing, thereby driving the rotating shaft 10 to rotate in the base through the ball assembly 11. Since the rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the abutting rod 23 at the end of the extension rod 21 to rotate together, and pushes the threaded groove 25, driving the telescopic rod 19 to slide telescopically. Then, it pushes the fixed block 18 to drive the measuring slider 17 to slide on the measuring rod 16 through the connecting rod 20. The rotation of the rotating shaft 10 drives the extension rod 21 to turn in different directions in the inner cavity 24. As Figure 6 shown, different turning directions will cause the abutting rod 23 to push the threaded groove 25, driving the telescopic rod 19 to move telescopically, and finally driving the fixed block 18 to expand and contract together, thereby measuring the corresponding angle of the β surface;

[0050] S3: When measuring the angle of the γ surface, since the trigger ring 5 rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel 29 is perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 10. Therefore, when there is a deflection, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 still remains in a vertical state. Such a setting can ensure that when the device has a β angle deflection, the rotating wheel 29 will not rotate at this time. Since the trigger ring 5 rotates coaxially with the base, and the counterweight 6 is hung on the plumb line 7 on the trigger ring 5, thus ensuring that the trigger ring 5 is always coaxially set with the base. Under the action of the counterweight 6, the rotating wheel 29 is always at the bottommost end of the trigger ring 5. When there is a deflection, the plumb line 7 with the counterweight 6 still remains in a vertical state, which will drive the rotating wheel 29 to rotate, and also drive the pointer 28 on the rotating rod 27 to deflect, and display the deflection angle on the angle scale 26;

[0051] The initial positions of the pointer 28 on the rotating wheel 29 and the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 are both marked as 0 degrees. When the pointer 28 swings left and right on the rotating wheel 29, the marks are γ1 and γ2 in terms of angles; while the left and right sliding of the measuring slider 17 on the measuring rod 16 is marked as β1 and β2 in terms of angles. Therefore, this measuring device can simultaneously measure and read the angles of two orientations of the a surface and the b surface in Figure 1 and achieve the effect of rapid measurement.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An outdoor measuring device for geographical surveying and mapping, comprising two rotating drums (2), characterized in that: A same winding belt (3) is arranged between the two rotating cylinders (2), a soil insertion positioning rod (1) inserted into the slope surface is arranged at the bottom of the rotating cylinder (2), a swinging cylinder (4) for winding the winding belt (3) is arranged inside the rotating cylinder (2), a trigger ring (5) is sleeved on the swinging cylinder (4), a counterweight (6) is arranged on the triggering ring (5) through a plumb line (7), a measuring part for measuring the swing angle of the plumb line (7) is also arranged on the triggering ring (5), a measuring rod (16) is arranged on the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (2), and a measuring rod (16) is slidably provided on the measuring rod (16) for measuring the swing angle of the swinging cylinder (4) The rotating cylinder (2) is provided with an annular rail (8) on the inner wall thereof, and the two ends of the swinging cylinder (4) slide on the annular rail (8) through sliding slide blocks (9). A rotating shaft (10) is vertically fixed on the swinging cylinder (4), and a trigger ring (5) is sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (10). An opening (13) is provided on the rotating cylinder (2), and the winding belt (3) passes through the opening (13). A base is fixed on the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (2), and the rotating shaft (10) rotates in the base. A telescopic rod (19) penetrating the rotating cylinder (2) is inserted on the base. The telescopic rod (19) The rotating cylinder (2) telescopically slides, the trigger ring (5) is coaxially arranged with the base, and the trigger ring (5) is connected to the swing cylinder (4), the rotating shaft (10) is coaxially provided with a rotating cavity, the telescopic rod (19) is coaxially inserted in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft (10), an extension rod (21) is fixed in the rotating cavity of the rotating shaft (10), the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (2) is fixedly connected with a support ring (14), the support ring (14) is coaxially sleeved with a fixing ring (12), and the measuring rod (16) is radially arranged between the support ring (14) and the fixing ring (12), and the support ring (14) is slidably sleeved. The measuring part is provided on a telescopic rod (19), wherein a fixed block (18) is fixed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod (19), a scale is engraved on the measuring rod (16), and a measuring slider (17) is slidably provided on the measuring rod (16), a connecting rod (20) is rotatably connected between the measuring slider (17) and the fixed block (18), an inner cavity (24) is provided on the telescopic rod (19), and an extension rod (21) extends into the inner cavity (24), a thread groove (25) is provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity (24), and a stop rod (23) extending into the thread groove (25) is fixedly provided at the end of the extension rod (21), and the measuring part comprises: A rotating groove is provided at the bottom of the trigger ring (5), and a rotating wheel (29) rotates in the rotating groove, one end of the plumb line (7) is fixed to the outer side wall of the rotating wheel (29), and the axis of the rotating wheel (29) and the axis of the rotating shaft (10) are perpendicular to each other, a rotating rod (27) is inserted through the trigger ring (5) and is coaxially fixed to the rotating wheel (29), a pointer (28) is fixed at the end of the rotating rod (27), and an angle plate (26) is fixed to the outer side wall of the trigger ring (5).

2. An outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (10) rotates in the base via a ball assembly (11), and the ball assembly (11) comprises a plurality of balls and ball grooves.

3. A measuring method of an outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping, using the outdoor measuring device for geographic surveying and mapping in claim 2, characterized in that: The specific measurement method is as follows: S1: First, two slopes to be tested are selected, and then two soil-inserting positioning rods (1) with rotating cylinders (2) are vertically inserted into the slopes. During this process, the same winding belt (3) originally wound in the two swinging cylinders (4) is pulled out, and the pulled out winding belt (3) can detect whether the surface where the winding belt (3) is located is horizontal; S2: When measuring the swing angle of the swing cylinder (4), the swing cylinder (4) in the rotating cylinder (2) swings and drives the rotating shaft (10) to rotate in the base through the ball assembly (11). The rotation of the rotating shaft (10) drives the support rod (23) at the end of the extension rod (21) to rotate together, and pushes the threaded groove (25), driving the telescopic rod (19) to slide telescopically, and then pushes the fixed block (18) through the connecting rod (20) to drive the measuring slide block (17) to slide on the measuring rod (16), thereby measuring the angle of the corresponding surface; S3: When measuring the swing angle of the plumb line (7), since the trigger ring (5) rotates coaxially with the base, and the axis of the rotating wheel (29) and the axis of the rotating shaft (10) are perpendicular to each other, when the swing cylinder (4) deflects, the plumb line (7) with the counterweight (6) is still in a vertical state, which drives the rotating wheel (29) to rotate, and also drives the pointer (28) on the rotating rod (27) to deflect, and the deflection angle is displayed on the angle plate (26).

Images