A bridge micro-deformation measurement device and a measurement method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of settlement monitoring, and in particular to a bridge micro-deformation measuring device and a measuring method thereof, comprising a fixed base, an observation component arranged on the fixed base, and a protective component sleeved around the observation component; the protective component has an open state and a closed state; when the protective component is in the open state, it is used to measure the observation component, and when the protective component is in the closed state, it is used to protect the observation component; one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a limited outer ring, and one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a limited inner ring; by arranging openable protective components around the observation component, the observation component is protected when no measurement operation is performed, thereby preventing the observation component from being affected by the external environment and extending the service life of the observation component. When measurement is required, the observation component can be measured by simply opening the protective component, making the device more practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of settlement monitoring, and in particular to a bridge micro-deformation measuring device and a measuring method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During use, bridges are subject to various external forces, such as earthquakes, wind, temperature changes, etc. These external forces can cause deformation of the bridge structure. If the deformation exceeds the design allowable range, it may cause the structure to fail or even collapse, causing serious loss of life and property. The deformation monitoring system can detect abnormal deformation of the structure in time and prevent possible catastrophic consequences.

[0003] In bridge monitoring projects, deformation monitoring of bridges has important practical significance. The application of various deformation monitoring technologies to accurately detect the deformation of bridges has an important role in protecting the safety performance of bridge projects. The monitoring content of bridge deformation is mainly based on the deformation properties of bridges and the monitoring is performed on the main infrastructure of bridges. Its main monitoring content includes two aspects: the first is the basic monitoring of bridge piers, and the second is the monitoring of the main structure of the bridge. The basic monitoring of bridge piers is because the foundation of the piers or the lower part exists in the water for a long time, which is greatly affected by the erosion of water flow and the corrosion of water. As time goes by, the deformation effect of the piers presented by this effect is obvious, which may cause horizontal displacement or settlement displacement of the piers. In actual monitoring, the settlement monitoring of piers is generally the main content.

[0004] In particular, the settlement monitoring of underwater bridge piers is more difficult. In the process of settlement monitoring of underwater bridge piers, pier settlement observation marks are generally placed on the piers, and settlement monitoring of the piers is achieved by monitoring the pier settlement observation marks.

[0005] The pier body settlement observation mark is generally composed of bolts and bolt sleeves, which are buried on both sides of the pier body. At the same time, the pier body settlement observation mark should be protected to prevent collision with construction machinery and human damage, and the long-term function of the observation mark must be guaranteed. However, the pier body settlement observation mark in the existing technology cannot meet the above requirements. In the actual construction process, due to the damage of the observation mark, the monitoring personnel need to replace the observation mark, which makes the monitoring work time-consuming and labor-intensive, affecting the monitoring progress.

[0006] The purpose of the invention of this application is to solve the problem that the pier settlement observation target is insufficiently protected and cannot work continuously for a long time. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a bridge micro-deformation measurement device and a measurement method thereof, which can effectively solve the existing problems.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a bridge micro-deformation measurement device, comprising a fixed base, an observation component arranged on the fixed base, and a protective component sleeved around the observation component; the protective component has an open state and a closed state; when the protective component is in the open state, it is used to measure the observation component, and when the protective component is in the closed state, it is used to protect the observation component; one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a limited outer ring, and one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a limited inner ring; the limited outer ring and the limited inner ring both take the axis of the observation component as the center of the circle, and the protective component slides in the gap between the limited outer ring and the limited inner ring; the protective component includes arc-shaped The first protective cover and the second protective cover of the plate, the first protective cover includes an outer plate, an inner plate and a connecting piece, the outer plate and the inner plate are fixedly connected by the connecting piece; the second protective cover slides in the gap between the outer plate and the inner plate of the first protective cover, and is used to switch the protective component to an open or closed state; when the second protective cover slides into the interior of the first protective cover, the protective component switches to an open state; when the second protective cover slides out from the interior of the first protective cover, the protective component switches to a closed state; a limiting groove is provided on one side of the connecting piece of the first protective cover, and one end of the second protective cover is fixedly connected to a convex plate; the limiting groove of the connecting piece is made to fit the convex plate with each other.

[0010] Furthermore, the inner wall of the limiting outer ring is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed elastic telescopic columns.

[0011] Furthermore, the curvature of the second protective cover is greater than the curvature of the first protective cover.

[0012] Furthermore, sealing gaskets are provided on the limiting groove on the connecting member and the convex plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a moving groove is provided on one side of the inner plate of the first protective cover, a supporting connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second protective cover, the supporting connecting rod slides inside the moving groove, the bottom of the supporting connecting rod is fixedly connected to a driven gear through a connecting rod, and a groove is provided inside the driven gear; a rotating motor is provided inside the fixed base, one end of the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a driving gear through a coupling, one end of the fixed base is fixedly connected to a fixed ring through a connecting rod, a convex ring is provided around the fixed ring, the convex ring of the fixed ring and the groove of the driven gear are mutually matched for transmission, and the rack on the driven gear and the rack on the driving gear are mutually meshed for transmission;

[0014] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided inside the fixed base for filling inert gas into the protective component in a closed state, and the outlet position of the air inlet is located between the limiting inner ring and the observation component; an electrode heating plate is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed base for dehumidifying the inside of the protective component.

[0015] Furthermore, the observation assembly includes a fixed rod body fixed on the fixed base, and observation rods are arranged at one end and both sides of the fixed rod body, and the material of the fixed rod body is Q640 steel.

[0016] Furthermore, the top of the first protective cover is connected to an end cover via a hinge, and a magnet is provided at the bottom of the end cover.

[0017] Furthermore, the observation component includes an electric push rod fixed at one end of a fixed base, the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to a load-bearing connecting plate, one side of the load-bearing connecting plate is fixedly connected to an observation rod, the load-bearing connecting plate is concave at the top and convex at the bottom, and the lower convexity of the load-bearing connecting plate is used to squeeze and open the end cover.

[0018] A measuring method for a bridge micro-deformation measuring device, comprising:

[0019] S1: Select the measurement time according to the on-site conditions. The measurement time should be cloudy and the following situations should not be measured: about half an hour after sunrise and before sunset, around the sun's zenith, when the wind force is greater than level 4, when the temperature changes suddenly, and when the image of the scale graticule jumps and it is difficult to aim at;

[0020] S2: Select measurement points according to on-site conditions. The measurement points include stable and long-term measurement points for deformation measurement, relatively stable measurement points for on-site deformation observation, and measurement points that can reflect the deformation characteristics of bridge piers.

[0021] S3: Formulate organizational plan and monitoring plan. The monitoring plan is divided into single-station polar coordinate method, double-station polar coordinate method, free station method or a combination of the above plans;

[0022] S4: 30 minutes before the measurement, place the instrument in the shade of the open air to make the instrument consistent with the outside temperature, and perform 20 single measurements. Avoid blocking the line of sight during the measurement, and the blocking should not exceed 20% of the length of the ruler in the telescope;

[0023] S5: During measurement, the protective components are opened to expose the observation components, and the observation components are measured using an electronic level. The measurement sequence is as follows: (1) Forward measurement: odd-numbered stations are back-front-front-back, and even-numbered stations are front-back-back-front; (2) Backward measurement: odd-numbered stations are front-back-back-front, and even-numbered stations are back-front-front-back;

[0024] S6: After the measurement is completed, close the protection component.

[0025] Beneficial Effects

[0026] Compared with the known public technology, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] By arranging an openable protective component around the observation component, the observation component is protected when no measurement is performed, so as to prevent the observation component from being affected by the external environment and extend the service life of the observation component. When measurement is required, the observation component can be measured by simply opening the protective component, making the device more practical.

[0028] Since direct sunlight needs to be avoided during observation, the environment selected for observation is generally cloudy. The fluorescence emitted by the observation rod coated with fluorescent agent can help the measurement personnel find the measurement point more quickly and speed up the measurement.

[0029] The first protective cover and the second protective cover form a closed space, which wraps the internal observation component to protect it from the influence of the external environment. At the same time, the sealing gasket on the limit groove and the convex plate can prevent the air exchange between the inside and the outside in the closed state, prevent the fixed rod body and the observation rod from being corroded, and extend the service life of the fixed rod body and the observation rod;

[0030] Since the weather selected for measurement was cloudy, the humidity in the air was relatively high at that time. After the protective component was opened, the various components inside it were prone to produce water vapor condensing into water droplets. The surrounding environment was heated by the electrode heating plate, and the water vapor evaporated and escaped, thus achieving dehumidification of each component and further extending the service life of each component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the pier settlement observation mark;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pier settlement observation mark of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the closed structure of the pier settlement observation mark of the first embodiment;

[0035] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the pier settlement observation mark of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a protection component of the present embodiment;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the pier settlement observation mark of the first embodiment;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pier settlement observation mark of the second embodiment;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the observation component of the second embodiment.

[0040] Reference numerals

[0041] 100-fixed base; 101-air inlet; 102-driving gear; 103-electrode heating plate; 104-fixed circular ring; 110-limiting outer ring; 111-elastic telescopic column; 120-limiting inner ring;

[0042] 200-first protective cover; 201-movable groove; 202-connecting piece; 210-second protective cover; 211-support connecting rod; 212-driven gear; 213-convex plate; 220-end cover;

[0043] 300 - fixed rod body; 301 - observation rod; 310 - electric push rod; 311 - load-bearing connecting plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present disclosure are only for exemplary purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0045] It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the drawings. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0046] It should be noted that the concepts such as "first" and "second" mentioned in the present disclosure are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0047] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "plurality" mentioned in the present disclosure are illustrative rather than restrictive, and those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0048] The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0049] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0050] Embodiment 1:

[0051] A bridge micro-deformation measurement device, such as Figure 1-6 As shown, it includes a fixed base 100 fixed on the pier, an observation component is arranged at the center of one end of the fixed base 100, and a protective component is also arranged on one side of the fixed base 100. The protective component is sleeved around the observation component, and the protective component has an open state and a closed state. When the protective component is in the open state, it is used to measure the observation component, and when the protective component is in the closed state, it is used to protect the observation component. It should be noted that by arranging the openable protective components around the observation component, the observation component is protected when no measurement operation is performed, so as to prevent the observation component from being affected by the external environment and extend the service life of the observation component. When measurement is required, the observation component can be measured by simply opening the protective component, making the device more practical.

[0052] Specifically, the observation assembly includes a fixed rod body 300 fixed on the fixed base 100, and observation rods 301 are arranged at one end and both sides of the fixed rod body 300. The material of the fixed rod body 300 is Q640 steel, Q460 steel, which has high strength and has high comprehensive mechanical properties in the normalizing or normalizing and tempering state to avoid the fixed rod body 300 from being damaged by external forces. The observation rod 301 is coated with a fluorescent agent. Since direct sunlight needs to be avoided during observation, the environment selected for observation is generally cloudy. The fluorescence emitted by the observation rod 301 coated with a fluorescent agent can facilitate measurement personnel to find the measurement point more quickly and speed up the measurement.

[0053] The protective assembly includes a first protective cover 200 and a second protective cover 210, both of which are arc-shaped plates. The first protective cover 200 includes an outer plate, an inner plate and a connecting piece 202. The outer plate and the inner plate have the same curvature. The outer plate and one end of the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 are fixedly connected by the connecting piece 202. The connecting piece 202 is a rod body, which is used to fix the outer plate and the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 so that the outer plate and the inner plate form a fixed relationship to form an integrated structure. The second protective cover 210 slides in the gap between the outer plate and the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 to switch the protective assembly to an open or closed state. The second protective cover 210 slides into the first When the second protective cover 210 is inside the protective cover 200, the protective assembly switches to the open state, and when the second protective cover 210 slides out from the first protective cover 200, the protective assembly switches to the closed state; it is worth noting that the gap formed between the outer plate and the inner plate with the same curvature in the first protective cover 200 is used for the second protective cover 210 to slide therein, and is used to limit the second protective cover 210 to prevent the second protective cover 210 from falling off from the first protective cover due to the inconsistent curvature of the inner plate and the outer plate. The curvature of the second protective cover 210 is greater than that of the first protective cover 200, and a limiting groove is provided on one side of the connecting piece 202 of the first protective cover 200. The second protective cover 210 0 is fixedly connected to one end thereof with a convex plate 213, the limiting groove and the convex plate 213 fit each other, and the limiting groove on the connecting member 202 and the convex plate 213 are both provided with sealing gaskets; it should be noted that when the second protective cover 210 is rotated to the outside and the convex plate 213 enters the limiting groove, the first protective cover 200 and the second protective cover 210 form a closed space, which wraps the internal observation component to protect it from the influence of the external environment. At the same time, the sealing gaskets on the limiting groove and the convex plate 213 can prevent the air exchange between the inside and the outside in the closed state, prevent the fixed rod body 300 and the observation rod 301 from being corroded, and extend the fixed rod body 300 and the observation rod 301. 1, the curvature of the second protective cover 210 is greater than that of the first protective cover 200, which further ensures that the first protective cover 200 and the second protective cover 210 will not separate when forming a closed space. The tail of the outer plate and the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 are connected, so that the second protective cover 210 has only one entrance and exit when moving between the outer plate and the inner part of the first protective cover 200, so that when the measurement personnel use the equipment, the debugging of the open state and the closed state of the protective assembly are both one-way, that is, when the second protective cover 210 moves toward the outside of the first protective cover 200, it is in the closed state, and when the second protective cover 210 moves toward the inside of the first protective cover 200, it is in the open state;

[0054] Furthermore, one end of the fixed base 100 is fixedly connected to the limiting outer ring 110, and one end of the fixed base 100 is fixedly connected to the limiting inner ring 120. The limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120 both take the axis of the observation component as the center of the circle, and the protective component slides in the gap between the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120. The inner wall of the limiting outer ring 110 is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed elastic telescopic columns 111. It is worth noting that the outer side of the outer plate of the first protective cover 200 slides on the inner side of the limiting outer ring 110, and the inner side of the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 slides on the outer side of the limiting inner ring 120. It should be noted that the thickness of the first protective cover 200 and the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring The distance between the inner rings 120 is the same. When the first protective cover 200 slides between the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120, the elastic telescopic column 111 is squeezed by the first protective cover 200 and is in a compressed state. When the second protective cover 210 slides between the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120, the elastic telescopic column 111 is in a natural extension state. At this time, the extension end of the elastic telescopic column 111 contacts the outer wall of the second protective cover 210. On the one hand, the gap between the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120 is filled to prevent impurities such as stones from falling into the gap and jamming the device. On the other hand, the elastic telescopic column 111 in the natural extension state can prevent the first protective cover 200 from rotating, thereby ensuring the stability of the device when not in use.

[0055] A movable groove 201 is provided on one side of the inner plate of the first protective cover 200, and a supporting connecting rod 211 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second protective cover 210. The supporting connecting rod 211 slides inside the movable groove 201, and a driven gear 212 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting connecting rod 211 through a connecting rod, and a groove is provided inside the driven gear 212; a rotating motor is provided inside the fixed base 100, and one end of the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the driving gear 102 through a coupling, and one end of the fixed base 100 is fixedly connected to a fixed ring 104 through a connecting rod, and a convex ring is provided around the fixed ring 104, and the convex ring of the fixed ring 104 and the groove of the driven gear 212 are mutually matched for transmission, and the rack on the driven gear 212 and the rack on the driving gear 102 are mutually matched for transmission; it is worth noting that the fixed The fixed circular ring 104 and the driven gear 212 are both centered on the axis of the observation component, and the driving gear 102 is located between the limiting inner ring 120 and the observation component; it should be noted that the driving gear 102 is driven to rotate by a rotating motor, and then the driven gear 212 matched therewith is driven to rotate, so that the supporting connecting rod 211 moves along the moving groove 201, and moves with the convex plate 213 in the gap between the limiting outer ring 110 and the limiting inner ring 120, so that the protective component can be opened or closed by remotely controlling the rotating motor, thereby improving the flexibility of the device, the structural components are simple and durable, and the cost is low. At the same time, the moving groove 201 on the inner plate of the first protective cover 200 allows the supporting connecting rod 211 to move therein, and at the same time, it can also prevent the second protective cover 210 from detaching from the first protective cover 200, further improving the stability of the device;

[0056] In addition, an air inlet 101 is provided inside the fixed base 100 for filling an inert gas into the protective component in a closed state, and the outlet position of the air inlet 101 is located between the limiting inner ring 120 and the observation component; the preferred inert gas in this embodiment is argon, because argon is simple and easy to obtain, low cost, and its density is greater than that of air, so the air inside the protective component can be squeezed out; an electrode heating plate 103 is fixedly connected to one end of the fixed base 100 for dehumidifying the inside of the protective component. It is worth noting that since the weather selected for measurement is cloudy, the humidity in the air is relatively high at this time. After the protective component is opened, each component inside it is easy to generate water vapor to condense into water droplets, and the surrounding environment is heated by the electrode heating plate 103, and the water vapor evaporates and escapes, thereby achieving dehumidification of each component and further extending the service life of each component.

[0057] When the present embodiment is in use, when it is necessary to measure the observation rod 301, the remote control rotary motor drives the driving gear 102 to rotate, so that it drives the driven gear 212 on the fixed ring 104 to rotate, so that the supporting connecting rod 211 fixedly connected to the driven gear 212 and the second protective cover 210 slide between the inner plate and the outer plate of the first protective cover 200. At this time, the second protective cover 210 moves toward the inside of the first protective cover 200, so that a gap is formed between the first protective cover 200 and the second protective cover 210, exposing the internal fixed rod body 300 and the observation rod 301. At this time, it is in the open state, and the measurement personnel measure the observation rod 301 at the measurement point. 01 to measure the height and horizontal distance. After the measurement is completed, the electrode heating plate 103 is started to heat and dehumidify the surrounding environment to prevent condensation on the components from corroding the components. In order to protect the fixed rod body 300 and the observation rod 301, the rotary motor is driven in reverse. The above operation is reversed, that is, the second protective cover 210 moves toward the outside of the first protective cover 200. During the movement, argon gas is filled into the interior of the protective component through the air inlet 101 to exclude air from the protective component until the convex plate 213 enters the limit groove. At this time, the protective component is in a closed state and is filled with inert gas inside, which extends the service life of each component.

[0058] Embodiment 2:

[0059] In order to make the position of the observation rod 301 more convenient for measurement personnel and avoid the inability to measure the observation rod 301 at the same time due to different positions of the measurement points, this embodiment makes the following improvements on the basis of the first embodiment:

[0060] like Figure 7-8 As shown, the top of the first protective cover 200 is connected to an end cover 220 by a hinge, and a magnet is arranged at the bottom of the end cover 220. It is worth noting that the end cover 220 connected by the hinge is convenient for opening the protective component from a horizontal plane, so that the observation component can be viewed from multiple angles. The magnet at the bottom of the end cover 220 forms a fixed relationship with the first protective cover 200 and the second protective cover 210 to prevent the end cover 220 from opening automatically.

[0061] The observation assembly includes an electric push rod 310 fixed at one end of the fixed base 100, the output end of the electric push rod 310 is fixedly connected to a load-bearing connecting plate 311, one side of the load-bearing connecting plate 311 is fixedly connected to an observation rod 301, the load-bearing connecting plate 311 is concave at the top and convex at the bottom, and the lower convexity of the load-bearing connecting plate 311 is used to squeeze and open the end cover 220; it should be noted that the electric push rod 310 drives the load-bearing connecting plate 311 to move outward, so that the lower convexity of the load-bearing connecting plate 311 squeezes the end cover 220, causing the end cover 220 to open, and at this time the load-bearing connecting plate 311 extends outward, that is, the observation rod 301 is exposed to the outside, and the measurement personnel can measure the observation rod 301 from multiple angles at this time to avoid the situation where the observation rod 301 cannot be measured due to poor selection of the measurement point.

[0062] When the present embodiment is in use, when it is necessary to measure the observation rod 301, the remote-controlled rotating motor drives the driving gear 102 to rotate, so that it drives the driven gear 212 on the fixed ring 104 to rotate, so that the supporting connecting rod 211 fixedly connected to the driven gear 212 and the second protective cover 210 slide between the inner plate and the outer plate of the first protective cover 200. At this time, the second protective cover 210 moves toward the inside of the first protective cover 200, so that a gap is formed between the first protective cover 200 and the second protective cover 210. Then the electric push rod 310 is driven to move the bearing connecting plate 311 outward, so that the lower convexity of the bearing connecting plate 311 squeezes the end cover 220, causing the end cover 220 to open. At this time, the bearing connecting plate 311 extends outward, that is, the observation rod 301 is exposed to the outside, and the observation rod 301 is exposed to the outside. 301 is exposed to the outside and is in the open state at this time. The surveyor measures the height and horizontal distance of the observation rod 301 at the measuring point. After the measurement is completed, the electrode heating plate 103 is started to heat and dehumidify the surrounding environment to prevent condensation of water droplets on the components from corroding the components. In order to protect the observation rod 301, the rotary motor and the electric push rod 310 are driven in reverse. The above operation is reversed, that is, the second protective cover 210 moves toward the outside of the first protective cover 200, and the load-bearing connecting plate 311 moves toward the inside. During the movement, argon gas is filled into the protective component through the air inlet 101 to exclude air from the protective component until the convex plate 213 enters the limit groove. At this time, the protective component is in a closed state and is filled with inert gas inside, which extends the service life of each component.

[0063] A measuring method for a bridge micro-deformation measuring device, comprising:

[0064] S1: Select the measurement time and measurement points according to the site conditions, and formulate the organization plan and monitoring plan;

[0065] S2: 30 minutes before the measurement, place the instrument in the shade of the open air to make the instrument consistent with the outside temperature, and perform 20 single measurements. Avoid blocking the line of sight during the measurement, and the blocking should not exceed 20% of the length of the ruler in the telescope;

[0066] S3: When measuring, open the protective component to expose the observation component, and use the electronic level to measure the observation component;

[0067] S4: After the measurement is completed, close the protection component.

[0068] The measurement time in step S1 is cloudy; and measurement is not allowed in the following situations: observation is carried out about half an hour after sunrise and before sunset, around the sun's zenith, when the wind force is greater than level 4, when the temperature changes suddenly, and when the image of the scale division line jumps and it is difficult to aim; the measurement points in step S1 are divided into reference points, working reference points and deformation monitoring points; the reference points are stable and long-term measurement points arranged for deformation measurement, and the types of deformation measurement can be divided into settlement reference points and displacement reference points; the working reference points are relatively stable measurement points arranged to facilitate on-site deformation observation operations, and can be divided into settlement working reference points and displacement working reference points according to the type of deformation measurement; the monitoring point is the observation rod 301, which is a measurement point that can reflect the deformation characteristics of the bridge pier; the organization scheme in step S1 is a system, generally 4 people are fixed for each observation, of which 2 people stand rulers, 1 person observes, and 1 person is responsible for vigilance; the monitoring scheme in step S1 is divided into single-station polar coordinate method, double-station polar coordinate method, free station method or a combination of the above schemes;

[0069] The 20 single measurements in step S2 are to preheat the instrument;

[0070] The electronic level used in step S3 has the function of changing odd and even stations, and the measurement sequence is as follows: (1) Forward measurement: odd-numbered stations are back-front-front-back, and even-numbered stations are front-back-back-front; (2) Return measurement: odd-numbered stations are front-back-back-front, and even-numbered stations are back-front-front-back; At the same time, it should be noted that when holding the ruler, use the ruler support to make the bubble on the ruler centered and the ruler vertical;

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge micro-deformation measurement device, characterized in that: It comprises a fixed base (100), an observation component arranged on the fixed base (100), and a protection component sleeved around the observation component; the protection component has an open state and a closed state; When the protection component is in the open state, it is used to measure the observation component. When the protection component is in a closed state, it is used to protect the observation component; One end of the fixed base (100) is fixedly connected to a limiting outer ring (110), and one end of the fixed base (100) is fixedly connected to a limiting inner ring (120); the limiting outer ring (110) and the limiting inner ring (120) both have the axis of the observation component as their center, and the protection component slides in a gap between the limiting outer ring (110) and the limiting inner ring (120); The protection assembly comprises a first protection cover (200) and a second protection cover (210), both of which are arc-shaped plates; the first protection cover (200) comprises an outer plate, an inner plate and a connecting piece (202); the outer plate and the inner plate are fixedly connected via the connecting piece (202); The second protective cover (210) slides in the gap between the outer plate and the inner plate of the first protective cover (200) to switch the protective component to an open state or a closed state; when the second protective cover (210) slides into the interior of the first protective cover (200), the protective component switches to an open state; when the second protective cover (210) slides out from the interior of the first protective cover (200), the protective component switches to a closed state; A limiting groove is provided on one side of the connecting piece (202) of the first protective cover (200), and a convex plate (213) is fixedly connected to one end of the second protective cover (210); the limiting groove on the connecting piece (202) and the convex plate (213) fit together; The top of the first protective cover (200) is connected to an end cover (220) via a hinge, and a magnet is provided at the bottom of the end cover (220); The observation assembly comprises an electric push rod (310) fixed to one end of a fixed base (100); an output end of the electric push rod (310) is fixedly connected to a bearing connecting plate (311); one side of the bearing connecting plate (311) is fixedly connected to an observation rod (301); the bearing connecting plate (311) is concave at the top and convex at the bottom; the convex bottom of the bearing connecting plate (311) is used to squeeze and open the end cover (220).

2. A bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the limiting outer ring (110) is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed elastic telescopic columns (111).

3. A bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The curvature of the second protective cover (210) is greater than the curvature of the first protective cover (200).

4. A bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting groove on the connecting member (202) and the convex plate (213) are both provided with sealing gaskets.

5. The bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A movable groove (201) is provided on one side of the inner plate of the first protective cover (200); a supporting connecting rod (211) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second protective cover (210); the supporting connecting rod (211) slides inside the movable groove (201); a driven gear (212) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting connecting rod (211) via a connecting rod; a groove is provided inside the driven gear (212); A rotating motor is arranged inside the fixed base (100), one end of the output shaft of the rotating motor is connected to a driving gear (102) via a coupling, one end of the fixed base (100) is fixedly connected to a fixed ring (104) via a connecting rod, a convex ring is arranged around the fixed ring (104), the convex ring of the fixed ring (104) and the groove of the driven gear (212) are mutually engaged for transmission, and the rack on the driven gear (212) and the rack on the driving gear (102) are mutually engaged for transmission.

6. The bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 5, characterized in that: An air inlet (101) is provided inside the fixed base (100) for filling an inert gas into the protective component in a closed state, and a gas outlet position of the air inlet (101) is located between the limiting inner ring (120) and the observation component; One end of the fixed base (100) is fixedly connected to an electrode heating plate (103) for dehumidifying the interior of the protective component.

7. A bridge micro-deformation measurement device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The observation assembly comprises a fixed rod body (300) fixed on the fixed base (100), one end and both sides of the fixed rod body (300) are provided with observation rods (301), and the material of the fixed rod body (300) is Q640 steel.

8. A measurement method for a bridge micro-deformation measurement device, applied to a bridge micro-deformation measurement device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: S1: Select the measurement time according to the on-site conditions. The measurement time should be cloudy and the following situations should not be measured: about half an hour after sunrise and before sunset, around the sun's zenith, when the wind force is greater than level 4, when the temperature changes suddenly, and when the image of the scale graticule jumps and it is difficult to aim at; S2: Select measurement points according to on-site conditions. The measurement points include stable and long-term measurement points for deformation measurement, relatively stable measurement points for on-site deformation observation, and measurement points that can reflect the deformation characteristics of bridge piers. S3: Formulate organizational plan and monitoring plan. The monitoring plan is divided into single-station polar coordinate method, double-station polar coordinate method, free station method or a combination of the above plans; S4: 30 minutes before the measurement, place the instrument in the shade of the open air to make the instrument consistent with the outside temperature, and perform 20 single measurements. Avoid blocking the line of sight during the measurement, and the blocking should not exceed 20% of the length of the ruler in the telescope; S5: During measurement, the protective components are opened to expose the observation components, and the observation components are measured using an electronic level. The measurement sequence is as follows: (1) Forward measurement: odd-numbered stations are back-front-front-back, and even-numbered stations are front-back-back-front; (2) Backward measurement: odd-numbered stations are front-back-back-front, and even-numbered stations are back-front-front-back; S6: After the measurement is completed, close the protection component.

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