Hydrogen combustion device for verifying composition of water

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of teaching equipment, and particularly discloses a hydrogen combustion device for verifying water composition. The multiple bottle chambers are arranged and sealed through the rubber plugs, dilute sulphuric acid, zinc blocks, purified water and calcium chloride are placed in the multiple bottle chambers respectively and connected with the bottle chambers through the penetrating holes and the guide pipes respectively, and dilute sulphuric acid in the first bottle chamber flows into the second bottle chamber according to the principle of a communicating vessel to react with the zinc blocks; hydrogen enters the third bottle chamber through the first guide pipe, then enters the fourth bottle chamber through the second guide pipe and flows through calcium chloride to be dried, the hydrogen flowing out of the gas guide needle head blows foam water on the end head outwards through the connecting hose to form hydrogen bubbles, the hydrogen bubbles are ignited, and purity testing is conducted through the combustion sound of the hydrogen bubbles. The device not only can effectively solve the problems of danger caused by a traditional test tube hydrogen purity testing experiment and incapability of students to practice by hands, but also can increase the interestingness of the experiment and arouse the enthusiasm of the students to practice by hands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching equipment, and in particular relates to a hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water. Background Art

[0002] In junior high school chemistry teaching, the experiment to verify the composition of water is divided into two experiments: electrolysis of water and hydrogen combustion. Both experiments are dangerous, especially in the hydrogen combustion experiment. When the hydrogen is impure (mixed with a certain amount of air), there will be a risk of explosion. Even if students learn how to test pure hydrogen through test tubes, there will still be a large number of students who dare not conduct the experiment, because they are afraid of the flame of the alcohol lamp burning their hands, or they are afraid of hydrogen explosions. In short, the hydrogen combustion experiment has a very high risk factor. At the same time, students at this stage do not have strong hands-on practical skills. Therefore, few teachers will lead students to conduct this experiment in class. However, the 2022 edition of the "Chemistry Curriculum Standards" adds the exploration of the composition and changes of water as a required experimental activity for students under the leadership of the major concept of the composition and structure of substances in the theme three. Therefore, there is a great contradiction between the current situation in the classroom and the national education standards.

[0003] Therefore, in order to make it easier for students to conduct hydrogen combustion experiments, it is necessary to improve the existing experimental equipment to a certain extent to enhance the safety of students' experiments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water, comprising:

[0007] A bottle body, wherein a first bottle chamber, a second bottle chamber, a third bottle chamber and a fourth bottle chamber are arranged in a row array inside the bottle body, dilute sulfuric acid is placed inside the first bottle chamber, a zinc block is placed inside the second bottle chamber, pure water is placed inside the third bottle chamber, and calcium chloride is placed inside the fourth bottle chamber, each bottle chamber is provided with an opening at the upper end and connected with a rubber stopper, a perforation is provided at the bottom of the chamber wall between the first bottle chamber and the second bottle chamber, a first conduit is plugged into the upper part of the chamber wall between the second bottle chamber and the third bottle chamber, and one end of the first conduit is plugged into the pure water, a second conduit is plugged into the upper part of the chamber wall between the third bottle chamber and the fourth bottle chamber, and one end of the second conduit is plugged into the calcium chloride;

[0008] A regulating valve, the regulating valve is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rubber plug at the upper end of the fourth bottle chamber, an air guide hose is clamped inside the regulating valve, and the air guide hose is connected to the fourth bottle chamber;

[0009] A gas guide needle, the gas guide needle is fixedly installed on the upper end of the regulating valve, and the lower opening of the gas guide needle is fixedly connected to the gas guide hose;

[0010] A connecting hose is slidably plugged into the end of the air guide needle, and the end of the connecting hose is fixedly connected with a terminal.

[0011] Preferably, a placing rack is provided inside the second bottle chamber, and a leakage hole is opened on the placing rack, the zinc block is placed on the placing rack, and the upper surface of the placing rack is higher than the leakage hole.

[0012] Preferably, the bottle body is made of tempered glass bottle and is cast in one piece.

[0013] Preferably, the first conduit and the second conduit are both glass tubes.

[0014] Preferably, the pure water inside the third bottle chamber occupies three quarters of the volume of the third bottle chamber, and the calcium chloride inside the fourth bottle chamber occupies three quarters of the volume of the fourth bottle chamber.

[0015] Preferably, the gas guide needle is a steel needle.

[0016] Preferably, the end head is arranged to expand outward in a trumpet shape, that is, the diameter of the end of the end head is larger than the diameter of the connecting hose.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention provides a plurality of bottle chambers, seals the bottle chambers with rubber plugs, respectively places dilute sulfuric acid, zinc block, pure water and calcium chloride in the plurality of bottle chambers, and respectively connects the bottle chambers with perforations and conduits. A user can pour dilute sulfuric acid into the first bottle chamber, and the dilute sulfuric acid in the first bottle chamber flows into the second bottle chamber by using the principle of a communicating vessel. The dilute sulfuric acid reacts with the zinc block in the second bottle chamber, and hydrogen generated by the reaction enters the third bottle chamber through the first conduit. The hydrogen in the third bottle chamber enters the fourth bottle chamber through the second conduit and flows through calcium chloride for drying. The dried hydrogen flows out through a gas guide needle, and the outflowing hydrogen is blown outwards through a connecting hose. The foamy water on the head forms hydrogen bubbles, which are ignited and the purity is verified by the sound of the burning hydrogen bubbles. After the purity is verified, the connecting hose on the gas needle is unplugged and the hydrogen flowing out of the gas needle is directly ignited for experiment. The pure water inside the third bottle chamber can isolate the hydrogen generating end and the hydrogen combustion end, effectively avoiding the explosion hazard caused by hydrogen backfire. The user can adjust the diameter of the gas hose through the regulating valve, thereby controlling the hydrogen flow rate of the gas needle. This device can not only effectively solve the dangers caused by the traditional test tube hydrogen purity test experiment and the problem that students dare not practice, but also increase the fun of the experiment and mobilize students' enthusiasm for hands-on practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bottle body of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the placement rack of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating valve and the air guide hose of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the regulating valve of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure: 1, bottle body; 2, first bottle chamber; 3, second bottle chamber; 4, third bottle chamber; 5, fourth bottle chamber; 6, rubber stopper; 7, perforation; 8, placement rack; 81, leakage hole; 9, regulating valve; 10, gas guide hose; 11, gas guide needle; 12, connecting hose; 13, end; 14, first catheter; 15, second catheter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example:

[0027] See also Figure 1 - Figure 5 As shown, a hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water comprises:

[0028] A bottle body 1, wherein a first bottle chamber 2, a second bottle chamber 3, a third bottle chamber 4 and a fourth bottle chamber 5 are arranged in a row array inside the bottle body 1, and each bottle chamber has the same volume. Dilute sulfuric acid is placed inside the first bottle chamber 2, a zinc block is placed inside the second bottle chamber 3, pure water is placed inside the third bottle chamber 4, and calcium chloride is placed inside the fourth bottle chamber 5. An opening is provided at the upper end of each bottle chamber and is connected with a rubber stopper 6. A perforation 7 is provided at the bottom of the chamber wall between the first bottle chamber 2 and the second bottle chamber 3, and the aperture of the perforation 7 is 5 mm. A first conduit 14 is inserted at the upper part of the chamber wall between the second bottle chamber 3 and the third bottle chamber 4, and one end of the first conduit 14 is inserted into the pure water, and the other end extends to about 0.5 cm inside the second bottle chamber 3. A second conduit 15 is inserted at the upper part of the chamber wall between the third bottle chamber 4 and the fourth bottle chamber 5, and one end of the second conduit 15 is inserted into the calcium chloride, and the other end extends to about 0.5 cm inside the third bottle chamber 4. Both the first conduit 14 and the second conduit 15 are glass tubes;

[0029] A regulating valve 9, the regulating valve 9 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rubber plug 6 at the upper end of the fourth bottle chamber 5, an air guide hose 10 is clamped inside the regulating valve 9, the inner diameter of the air guide hose 10 is 5 mm, and the air guide hose 10 is connected to the fourth bottle chamber 5;

[0030] A gas guide needle 11, which is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the regulating valve 9, and a lower opening of the gas guide needle 11 is fixedly connected to the gas guide hose 10;

[0031] A connecting hose 12, wherein the connecting hose 12 is slidably plugged into the end of the gas guide needle 11, and the end of the connecting hose 12 is fixedly connected with a terminal 13;

[0032] A placement rack 8 is provided inside the second bottle chamber 3 , and a leakage hole 81 is opened on the placement rack 8 . The hole diameter of the leakage hole 81 is 2 mm. The zinc block is placed on the placement rack 8 , and the upper surface of the placement rack 8 is higher than the perforation 7 .

[0033] As can be seen from the above, after dilute sulfuric acid is added to the first bottle chamber 2, the dilute sulfuric acid flows into the second bottle chamber 3 through the perforation 7. As the dilute sulfuric acid liquid level in the second bottle chamber 3 rises, the dilute sulfuric acid reacts with the zinc block on the placement rack 8 to generate hydrogen. The hydrogen flows into the pure water in the third bottle chamber 4 through the first conduit 14. Then, the hydrogen emerging from the pure water flows into the calcium chloride in the fourth bottle chamber 5 through the second conduit 15 for drying. The dried calcium chloride is sprayed out from the end 13 through the air guide hose 10, the air guide needle 11 and the connecting hose 12. The user can apply foam water on the end 13 to form a layer of foam film. The hydrogen sprayed from the end 13 will squeeze the foam film from the inside to the outside to form hydrogen bubbles. The hydrogen bubbles will float up, and the user can also The purity can be checked according to the direction of movement of hydrogen bubbles. The operator can ignite the hydrogen bubbles and check the purity by the sound of the hydrogen bubbles burning. After the purity is checked, the connecting hose 12 is unplugged and the hydrogen ejected from the gas guide needle 11 is directly ignited for the experiment. The pure water inside the third bottle chamber 4 can isolate the hydrogen generating end and the hydrogen burning end, effectively avoiding the explosion hazard caused by hydrogen backfire. Calcium chloride can not only dry the hydrogen, but also further isolate the hydrogen combustion device from the generating device, making the experiment safer. This device can not only effectively solve the dangers caused by the traditional test tube hydrogen purity test experiment and the problem that students dare not practice, but also increase the interest of the experiment and mobilize the enthusiasm of students for hands-on practice. After the experiment, the first bottle chamber 2 is opened and the regulating valve 9 is closed.

[0034] The bottle body 1 is made of tempered glass bottle and is cast in one piece, so that the operator can easily see the internal situation of each bottle chamber.

[0035] The pure water inside the third bottle chamber 4 occupies three quarters of the volume of the third bottle chamber 4 , and the calcium chloride inside the fourth bottle chamber 5 occupies three quarters of the volume of the fourth bottle chamber 5 .

[0036] The gas guide needle 11 is made of a steel needle. When the generated hydrogen is tested to be pure, the connecting hose 12 on the gas guide needle 11 can be unplugged, and then the hydrogen emerging from the gas guide needle 11 can be directly ignited. The use of a steel needle can increase the heat resistance of the gas guide needle 11. The burning hydrogen will burn the gas guide needle 11 red, which can solve the problem that hydrogen combustion is not easy to observe.

[0037] The end head 13 is arranged to expand outward in a trumpet shape, that is, the diameter of the end of the end head 13 is larger than the diameter of the connecting hose 12, so that the foam film on the end head 13 can form bubbles under the action of hydrogen.

[0038] After the experiment is completed, the regulating valve 9 can be closed. The regulating valve 9 will block the gas guide hose 10, so that the hydrogen generated inside the bottle body cannot flow out. As the hydrogen in the bottle body increases, the gases inside the second bottle chamber 3, the third bottle chamber 4 and the fourth bottle chamber 5 are interconnected through the first conduit 14 and the second conduit 15, and the air pressures in the second bottle chamber 3, the third bottle chamber 4 and the fourth bottle chamber 5 increase and form a balance. At this time, the high air pressure inside the second bottle body 3 presses the dilute sulfuric acid inside the second bottle chamber 3 back into the first bottle chamber 2 through the perforation 7. As the dilute sulfuric acid liquid level in the second bottle chamber 3 decreases, the dilute sulfuric acid is out of contact with the zinc block, so that the reaction is terminated, avoiding material waste.

[0039] The entire device is integrated to realize the production, safe handling, drying and combustion of hydrogen. The whole device is easy to carry, the operation steps are simple, the experimental phenomena are obvious, and the success rate is high. It meets the requirements of group cooperation and hands-on experiments in teaching. The entire experimental device has been miniaturized, and the controllable design of hydrogen generation and stopping has been realized. This design can not only save experimental drugs and reduce environmental pollution, but also make the overall experimental process safer, truly achieving the greening of chemical research, and can also control the combustion and stopping of hydrogen. Using this device for experiments is not only safe but also time-saving, which solves the difficulties of experiments in the classroom and has great promotion value. The study of water composition through hydrogen combustion using this device enables students to deeply understand the thinking model of exploring the composition of matter, laying a solid foundation for the study of complex material composition in high school.

[0040] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0041] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water, characterized in that: include: A bottle body (1), wherein a first bottle chamber (2), a second bottle chamber (3), a third bottle chamber (4) and a fourth bottle chamber (5) are arranged in a row array inside the bottle body (1), dilute sulfuric acid is placed inside the first bottle chamber (2), a zinc block is placed inside the second bottle chamber (3), pure water is placed inside the third bottle chamber (4), and calcium chloride is placed inside the fourth bottle chamber (5), each bottle chamber is provided with an opening at the upper end and is connected to a rubber stopper (6), a through hole (7) is provided at the bottom of the chamber wall between the first bottle chamber (2) and the second bottle chamber (3), a first conduit (14) is inserted into the upper part of the chamber wall between the second bottle chamber (3) and the third bottle chamber (4), and one end of the first conduit (14) is inserted into the pure water, a second conduit (15) is inserted into the upper part of the chamber wall between the third bottle chamber (4) and the fourth bottle chamber (5), and one end of the second conduit (15) is inserted into the calcium chloride; A regulating valve (9), the regulating valve (9) being fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the rubber plug (6) at the upper end of the fourth bottle chamber (5), an air guide hose (10) being clamped inside the regulating valve (9), and the air guide hose (10) being in communication with the fourth bottle chamber (5); An air guide needle (11), the air guide needle (11) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the regulating valve (9), and the lower opening of the air guide needle (11) is fixedly connected to the air guide hose (10); A connecting hose (12) is slidably plugged into the end of the gas guide needle (11), and the end of the connecting hose (12) is fixedly connected to a terminal (13).

2. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A placement rack (8) is arranged inside the second bottle chamber (3), and a leakage hole (81) is opened on the placement rack (8). The zinc block is placed on the placement rack (8), and the upper surface of the placement rack (8) is higher than the perforation (7).

3. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottle body (1) is made of a tempered glass bottle and is integrally cast.

4. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conduit (14) and the second conduit (15) are both glass tubes.

5. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pure water inside the third bottle chamber (4) occupies three quarters of the volume of the third bottle chamber (4), and the calcium chloride inside the fourth bottle chamber (5) occupies three quarters of the volume of the fourth bottle chamber (5).

6. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas guide needle (11) is a steel needle.

7. A hydrogen combustion device for verifying the composition of water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end head (13) is arranged to expand outward in a trumpet shape, that is, the diameter of the end of the end head (13) is larger than the diameter of the connecting hose (12).

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