Hidden ejector manifold integrated equipment for fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated equipment which comprises a multifunctional manifold and an electric pile end plate, and a hydrogen inlet buffer chamber, a hot water heat exchange cavity, a transition cavity, an inlet valve chamber, an outlet valve chamber, a hydrogen backflow cavity and a mixing pressure stabilizing cavity are arranged in the multifunctional manifold. The multifunctional manifold is provided with a hydrogen supply inlet communicating with the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber and a mixed hydrogen outlet communicating with the mixed pressure stabilizing cavity, a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger are arranged in the hot water heat exchange cavity, a hydrogen adjusting valve is arranged between the inlet valve chamber and the outlet valve chamber, and an injection nozzle is installed in the hydrogen backflow cavity. A nozzle throat of the injection nozzle extends to the mixing pressure stabilizing cavity, a multifunctional manifold hydrogen return opening is formed in one side of the hydrogen backflow cavity, a multifunctional manifold is installed on a galvanic pile end plate, and a galvanic pile hydrogen outlet is formed in the galvanic pile end plate; the integrated design is adopted, pipeline flow resistance is reduced, system efficiency is improved, the number of external pipe joints is small, and system application and arrangement are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular to a fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device. Background Art

[0002] Among new energy vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are expected to become the most ideal form of clean energy in the future. During the operation of the fuel cell system, a cooling system is required to discharge the waste heat generated by the fuel cell system to the outside world. The medium is usually antifreeze or deionized water. The hydrogen supply system provides medium-pressure hydrogen and uses valves to control the pressure and flow. In order to improve the efficiency and reliability of the system, hydrogen requires an additional heat exchanger for preheating. The remaining hydrogen from the stack reaction needs to be recirculated to the stack inlet to increase the humidity and utilization rate of the hydrogen. There are impurities in the hydrogen source and pipeline. In order to prevent impurities from entering the stack, a filter needs to be added to the hydrogen inlet.

[0003] At present, hydrogen supply uses an independent hydrogen proportional valve or hydrogen injection valve to control hydrogen pressure and hydrogen flow. The independent structure requires an additional base design, which is troublesome to arrange, and a fixed bracket needs to be designed, which takes up a lot of space. The hydrogen proportional valve or hydrogen injection valve is connected to the system by a pipeline connection, which adds pipelines and joints, takes up space, has a large volume, and has the risk of leakage due to the addition of joints, which is troublesome to install and has high cost. The unreacted hydrogen is circulated to the inlet of the fuel cell stack using an ejector or a hydrogen circulation pump. The independent structure requires an additional base design, which is troublesome to arrange, and a fixed bracket needs to be designed, which takes up a lot of space. The system is connected by a pipeline connection, which adds pipelines and joints, takes up space, has a large volume, and has the risk of leakage due to the addition of joints, which is troublesome to install and has high cost. In addition, the reflux hydrogen pipeline increases the flow resistance, affects the system efficiency and hydrogen utilization rate, and reduces the economic efficiency. The hydrogen preheater uses a plate heat exchanger, which has large flow resistance, long pipelines, and high heat loss; there are many joints and a high risk of leakage; the heat exchanger is made of metal and has an external bracket, which increases the design difficulty and affects the insulation performance of the system; and the hot water inlet is far from the fuel cell stack, making it inconvenient to get hot water, and the hot water temperature is low, which affects the heat exchange performance of hydrogen. The hydrogen filter is a separate component, which increases the number of joints, has a high risk of leakage, is costly, and does not utilize an integrated layout. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device with an integrated design, which reduces pipeline flow resistance, improves system efficiency, has fewer external pipe joints, and is convenient for system application layout.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device, comprising a multifunctional manifold and a stack end plate, wherein the multifunctional manifold is provided with a hydrogen inlet buffer chamber, a hot water heat exchange chamber, a transition chamber, an inlet valve chamber, an outlet valve chamber, a hydrogen reflux chamber and a mixed pressure stabilizing chamber, the multifunctional manifold is provided with a hydrogen supply inlet connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber, and a mixed hydrogen outlet connected to the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber, the hot water heat exchange chamber is provided with a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger, the two ends of the primary heat exchanger are respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber and the transition chamber, and the two ends of the secondary heat exchanger are respectively It is connected to the transition chamber and the inlet valve chamber, a hydrogen regulating valve is arranged between the inlet valve chamber and the outlet valve chamber, an ejector nozzle is installed in the hydrogen reflux chamber, the air inlet end of the ejector nozzle is connected to the outlet valve chamber, the hydrogen reflux chamber and the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber are communicated, the nozzle throat of the ejector nozzle extends to the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber, a multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port is provided on one side of the hydrogen reflux chamber, the multifunctional manifold is installed on the stack end plate, a stack hydrogen outlet is provided on the stack end plate, and the multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port and the stack hydrogen outlet are connected correspondingly.

[0007] Furthermore, the hydrogen regulating valve comprises a valve core seat fixedly connected to the connection between the inlet valve chamber and the outlet valve chamber, the valve core seat is provided with a valve core seat inlet connected to the inlet valve chamber, the valve core seat is provided with a valve core seat outlet connected to the outlet valve chamber, a regulating valve core is installed in the valve core seat, the regulating valve core is provided with a valve core inlet corresponding to the valve core seat inlet, the regulating valve core is provided with a valve core outlet corresponding to the valve core seat outlet, the outlet valve chamber, the outlet valve chamber (105) and one side of the hydrogen reflux chamber are jointly and detachably provided with an ejection chamber cover plate, and the regulating valve core is installed on the ejection chamber cover plate.

[0008] Furthermore, a hydrogen filter is installed in the transition chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, a transition cavity cover plate is detachably mounted on one side of the transition cavity.

[0010] Furthermore, a heating chamber corresponding to the hot water heat exchange chamber is opened on the end plate of the fuel cell stack, an upper hot water outlet of the fuel cell stack is opened on the top of the heating chamber, a lower hot water outlet of the fuel cell stack is opened on the bottom of the heating chamber, and a hot water outlet is opened on one side of the hot water heat exchange chamber.

[0011] Furthermore, a hydrogen inlet buffer chamber cover plate is detachably mounted on one side of the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] The present invention has a concise structure, simple layout, small size, few joints, improved system reliability, reduced leakage risk, few parts, easy installation, integrated design, reduced pipeline flow resistance, improved system efficiency, few external pipe joints, and convenient system application layout. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 3 The structure of the multifunctional manifold in the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 1 ;

[0017] Figure 4 The structure of the multifunctional manifold in the present invention is schematically shown. Figure 2 ;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hydrogen regulating valve in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 The state diagram of the hydrogen regulating valve in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 7 The state diagram of the hydrogen regulating valve in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0021] Reference numerals:

[0022] 1. Multifunctional manifold; 101. Hydrogen inlet buffer chamber; 102. Hot water heat exchange chamber; 103. Transition chamber; 104. Valve inlet chamber; 105. Valve outlet chamber; 106. Hydrogen reflux chamber; 107. Mixing and stabilizing chamber; 108. Hydrogen supply inlet; 109. Mixed hydrogen outlet; 110. Multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port; 111. Hot water outlet; 2. Stack end plate; 201. Stack hydrogen outlet; 202. Heating chamber; 203. Stack Hot water upper outlet; 204, stack hot water lower outlet; 3, primary heat exchanger; 4, secondary heat exchanger; 5, hydrogen regulating valve; 51, valve core seat; 511, valve core seat inlet; 512, valve core seat outlet; 52, regulating valve core; 521, valve core inlet; 522, valve core outlet; 6, ejection nozzle; 601, nozzle throat; 7, ejection chamber cover; 8, hydrogen filter; 9, transition chamber cover; 10, hydrogen inlet buffer chamber cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings, and the contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device comprises a multifunctional manifold 1 and a stack end plate 2, wherein the multifunctional manifold 1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101, a hot water heat exchange chamber 102, a transition chamber 103, an inlet valve chamber 104, an outlet valve chamber 105, a hydrogen reflux chamber 106 and a mixed pressure stabilizing chamber 107, the multifunctional manifold 1 is provided with a hydrogen supply inlet 108 connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101, and a mixed hydrogen outlet 109 connected to the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber 107, the hot water heat exchange chamber 102 is provided with a primary heat exchanger 3 and a secondary heat exchanger 4, the two ends of the primary heat exchanger 3 are respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101 and the transition chamber 103, and the two ends of the secondary heat exchanger 4 ... They are respectively connected to the transition chamber 103 and the inlet valve chamber 104, a hydrogen regulating valve 5 is arranged between the inlet valve chamber 104 and the outlet valve chamber 105, an ejector nozzle 6 is installed in the hydrogen reflux chamber 106, the air inlet end of the ejector nozzle 6 is connected to the outlet valve chamber 105, the hydrogen reflux chamber 106 is communicated with the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber 107, the nozzle throat 601 of the ejector nozzle 6 extends to the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber 107, a multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port 110 is provided on one side of the hydrogen reflux chamber 106, the multifunctional manifold 1 is installed on the stack end plate 2, a stack hydrogen outlet 201 is provided on the stack end plate 2, and the multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port 110 and the stack hydrogen outlet 201 are correspondingly connected.

[0025] The hydrogen regulating valve 5 includes a valve core seat 51 fixedly connected to the connection between the inlet valve chamber 104 and the outlet valve chamber 105, the valve core seat 51 is provided with a valve core seat inlet 511 connected to the inlet valve chamber 104, the valve core seat 51 is provided with a valve core seat outlet 512 connected to the outlet valve chamber 105, a regulating valve core 52 is installed in the valve core seat 51, the regulating valve core 52 is provided with a valve core inlet 521 corresponding to the valve core seat inlet 511, the regulating valve core 52 is provided with a valve core outlet 522 corresponding to the valve core seat outlet 512, the outlet valve chamber 105, one side of the outlet valve chamber 105 and the hydrogen reflux chamber 106 are jointly and detachably provided with an ejection chamber cover plate 7, and the regulating valve core 52 is installed on the ejection chamber cover plate 7.

[0026] A hydrogen filter 8 is installed in the transition chamber 103 .

[0027] A transition cavity cover plate 9 is detachably mounted on one side of the transition cavity 103 .

[0028] A heating chamber 202 corresponding to the hot water heat exchange chamber 102 is provided on the stack end plate 2, a stack hot water upper outlet 203 is provided on the top of the heating chamber 202, a stack hot water lower outlet 204 is provided on the bottom of the heating chamber 202, and a hot water outlet 111 is provided on one side of the hot water heat exchange chamber 102.

[0029] A hydrogen inlet buffer chamber cover plate 10 is detachably mounted on one side of the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101 .

[0030] Working principle:

[0031] Hydrogen supply function: The hydrogen supply system is connected to the hydrogen supply inlet 108. When the fuel cell system is running, the medium-pressure hydrogen enters the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101 through the hydrogen supply inlet 108 through the hydrogen supply system, and after heat exchange along the primary heat exchanger 3, enters the transition chamber 103, passes through the hydrogen filter 8, and then enters the valve inlet chamber 104 along the secondary heat exchanger 4. At this time, the valve core seat inlet 511, the valve core inlet 521, the valve core outlet 522 and the valve core seat outlet 512 are connected. The hydrogen passes through the regulating valve core 52 and the valve core seat 51, enters the valve outlet chamber 105, and then passes through the nozzle throat 601 of the injection nozzle 6, accelerates to enter the mixing and stabilizing chamber 107, and finally enters the fuel cell stack through the mixed hydrogen outlet 109 for chemical reaction. The hydrogen supply function of the fuel cell system is completed.

[0032] Hydrogen reflux function: When the fuel cell system is running, high-pressure hydrogen passes through the nozzle throat 601 of the ejector nozzle 6 and accelerates into the mixing and stabilizing chamber 107. The static pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is converted into dynamic pressure, and negative pressure appears outside the nozzle throat 601. At this time, the unreacted hydrogen in the stack enters the hydrogen reflux chamber 106 through the hydrogen outlet 201 of the stack and the multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port 110, and maintains a certain positive pressure. The positive pressure hydrogen and the negative pressure outside the nozzle throat 601 establish a pressure difference, generating a flow driving force, and the unreacted hydrogen mixes with the hydrogen supply. After mixing and stabilizing in the mixing and stabilizing chamber 107, they enter the fuel cell stack through the mixed hydrogen outlet 109 for chemical reaction. The hydrogen reflux function of the fuel cell system is completed.

[0033] Hydrogen filtering function: The fresh hydrogen provided by the hydrogen supply system enters the transition chamber 103 after heat exchange along the primary heat exchanger 3. At this time, the hydrogen contains impurities. When the hydrogen passes through the hydrogen filter 8, the impurities are filtered and blocked by the hydrogen filter 8. The clean hydrogen then goes along the secondary heat exchanger 4 and enters the valve inlet chamber 104, and then enters the fuel cell stack for chemical reaction, completing the hydrogen filtering function of the fuel cell system.

[0034] Hydrogen preheating function: medium-pressure low-temperature hydrogen enters the primary heat exchanger 3 from the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber 101. The hydrogen is in the primary heat exchanger 3 and the hot water is in the outer hot water heat exchange chamber 102. At this time, the primary heat exchange is performed to heat the hydrogen. The hydrogen after the primary heating enters the transition chamber 103, passes through the hydrogen filter 8, and then enters the secondary heat exchanger 4. Similarly, the hydrogen is in the secondary heat exchanger 4 and the hot water is in the outer hot water heat exchange chamber 102. At this time, the secondary heat exchange is performed to heat the hydrogen. After the secondary heating, the hydrogen temperature rises to the set temperature and then enters the inlet valve chamber 104, and then enters the fuel cell stack for chemical reaction. The hydrogen preheating function of the fuel cell system is completed.

[0035] Hydrogen regulation function: During the operation of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen regulating valve 5 is used to control and regulate the hydrogen pressure and hydrogen flow. When the hydrogen is running at the maximum flow rate, the hydrogen regulating valve 5 is fully opened, the regulating valve core 52 rotates to the fully open angle, the valve core inlet 521 and the valve core outlet 522 completely overlap with the valve core seat inlet 511 and the valve core seat outlet 512, and the flow area is maximized; when the fuel cell system stops, the hydrogen regulating valve 5 is fully closed, the regulating valve core 52 rotates to the fully closed angle, the valve core inlet 521 and the valve core outlet 522 are completely staggered with the valve core seat inlet 511 and the valve core seat outlet 512, and the regulating valve core 52 covers the valve core seat inlet 511 and the valve core seat outlet 512, at this time the flow area is zero; when the single fuel cell system is in the middle process of operation, the hydrogen regulating valve 5 is in a partially open state, the regulating valve core 52 rotates to other intermediate angles, the valve core inlet 521 and the valve core outlet 522 are partially offset from the valve core seat inlet 511 and the valve core seat outlet 512, and the regulating valve core 52 covers part of the valve core seat inlet 511 and the valve core seat outlet 512. At this time, the flow area changes with the angle of the regulating valve core 52, thereby realizing the regulation function of hydrogen pressure and flow.

[0036] Coolant confluence function: During the operation of the fuel cell system, the stack generates heat, and the coolant is heated, and flows out of the stack in parallel through the stack hot water upper outlet 203 and the stack hot water lower outlet 204, and converges into the hot water heat exchange chamber 102, where it participates in hydrogen preheating, and part of the heat is transferred to the hydrogen to increase the temperature of the hydrogen; after heat exchange, the coolant flows to the hot water outlet 111, and then flows to the external heat dissipation system of the fuel cell.

[0037] In the present invention, the hydrogen inlet adopts a pressure plate form, which is convenient for multiple disassembly; the hidden hydrogen heat exchange device reduces hydrogen interfaces, reduces the risk of leakage, and improves safety and reliability; the built-in hydrogen filter improves system performance; the filter is integrated in the hydrogen transition cavity, with a large flow area and low flow resistance; the integrated hydrogen regulating valve reduces the connection pipeline and reduces the risk of leakage; the ejector is used to supply hydrogen, which improves efficiency and reduces risks; the hydrogen heat exchanger is integrated in the stack outlet manifold to increase the hydrogen preheating temperature and improve system performance. The overall integrated design is compact and easy to arrange; it reduces additional brackets, reduces costs, and improves reliability; it reduces pipeline interfaces, reduces leakage risks, and improves system safety and reliability. The appearance is simple and beautiful, and maintenance is convenient.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention is disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with the profession can make some changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments of equivalent changes by using the technical contents disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technology of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a multifunctional manifold (1) and a stack end plate (2), wherein the multifunctional manifold (1) is provided with a hydrogen inlet buffer chamber (101), a hot water heat exchange chamber (102), a transition chamber (103), an inlet valve chamber (104), an outlet valve chamber (105), a hydrogen reflux chamber (106) and a mixed pressure stabilizing chamber (107), the multifunctional manifold (1) is provided with a hydrogen supply inlet (108) connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber (101), and a mixed hydrogen outlet (109) connected to the mixed pressure stabilizing chamber (107), the hot water heat exchange chamber (102) is provided with a primary heat exchanger (3) and a secondary heat exchanger (4), the two ends of the primary heat exchanger (3) are respectively connected to the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber (101) and the transition chamber (103), the two ends of the secondary heat exchanger (4) are respectively connected to the transition chamber (107), and the two ends of the secondary heat exchanger (4) are respectively connected to the transition chamber (107). 03) and an inlet valve chamber (104), a hydrogen regulating valve (5) is arranged between the inlet valve chamber (104) and the outlet valve chamber (105), an ejector nozzle (6) is installed in the hydrogen reflux chamber (106), the air inlet end of the ejector nozzle (6) is connected to the outlet valve chamber (105), the hydrogen reflux chamber (106) and the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber (107) are connected, the nozzle throat (601) of the ejector nozzle (6) extends to the mixing and stabilizing pressure chamber (107), a multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port (110) is provided on one side of the hydrogen reflux chamber (106), the multifunctional manifold (1) is installed on the fuel cell end plate (2), a fuel cell hydrogen outlet (201) is provided on the fuel cell end plate (2), and the multifunctional manifold hydrogen return port (110) and the fuel cell hydrogen outlet (201) are connected correspondingly.

2. The fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen regulating valve (5) comprises a valve core seat (51) fixedly connected to the connection between the inlet valve chamber (104) and the outlet valve chamber (105); the valve core seat (51) is provided with a valve core seat inlet (511) connected to the inlet valve chamber (104); the valve core seat (51) is provided with a valve core seat outlet (512) connected to the outlet valve chamber (105); a regulating valve core (52) is installed in the valve core seat (51); the regulating valve core The regulating valve core (52) is provided with a valve core inlet (521) corresponding to the valve core seat inlet (511), the regulating valve core (52) is provided with a valve core outlet (522) corresponding to the valve core seat outlet (512), the valve outlet chamber (105), an ejection chamber cover plate (7) is detachably mounted on one side of the valve outlet chamber (105) and the hydrogen reflux chamber (106), and the regulating valve core (52) is mounted on the ejection chamber cover plate (7).

3. The fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen filter (8) is installed in the transition chamber (103).

4. The fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A transition chamber cover plate (9) is detachably mounted on one side of the transition chamber (103).

5. The fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heating chamber (202) corresponding to the hot water heat exchange chamber (102) is provided on the stack end plate (2); a stack hot water upper outlet (203) is provided on the top of the heating chamber (202); a stack hot water lower outlet (204) is provided on the bottom of the heating chamber (202); and a hot water outlet (111) is provided on one side of the hot water heat exchange chamber (102).

6. The fuel cell hidden ejector manifold integrated device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydrogen inlet buffer chamber cover plate (10) is detachably mounted on one side of the hydrogen inlet buffer chamber (101).

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