Wind-light-water-hydrogen operation optimization method and system considering randomness characteristics of new energy

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind-light-water-hydrogen operation optimization method and system considering the randomness characteristic of new energy, and belongs to the technical field of new energy distribution network analysis, and the method specifically comprises the steps: building a wind-light-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatching model reflecting a multi-stage hydrogen storage device; improving the obtained wind-light-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatching model by adopting a scene tree method; and realizing wind-light-water-hydrogen optimized operation based on the obtained improved wind-light-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatching model. The method is used for solving the technical problems caused by output intermittency and uncertainty of renewable energy sources such as wind energy, photovoltaic energy and hydrogen energy, and ensuring that a micro-grid can operate efficiently, stably and reliably under various conditions.

Description

Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of global energy transformation, renewable energy such as wind power, photovoltaics, and hydrogen energy has developed rapidly around the world. However, due to the intermittent and uncertain output of these energy sources, microgrids face huge challenges in achieving high penetration of renewable energy access. Therefore, how to effectively alleviate this uncertainty while ensuring operational constraints has become the focus of current research.

[0003] Although significant research results have been achieved in the optimization and dispatch of multi-stage systems, most of the research still focuses on solving deterministic problems, while relatively few studies have been conducted on uncertainty. In order to effectively deal with this uncertainty, it is necessary to study how to combine different types of renewable energy, such as hydropower and hydrogen energy technology, to effectively solve the discontinuity problem in wind and solar power generation.

[0004] When constructing uncertainty problems, the scenario tree method is one of the effective methods. This method constructs a series of possible event scenarios and optimizes and solves each scenario to obtain a decision-making plan that can achieve good results in various scenarios. By using the scenario tree method, a more comprehensive and reliable solution can be provided for the scheduling problem of microgrids.

[0005] In addition, in practical applications, multiple factors need to be considered, such as energy storage technology, grid structure, power demand, etc., to achieve optimal scheduling of microgrids. Therefore, future research needs to further explore these issues in order to achieve more efficient, stable and reliable microgrid operation. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method and system taking into account the random characteristics of new energy in response to the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, so as to solve the technical problems caused by the intermittent and uncertain output of renewable energy sources such as wind energy, photovoltaic energy and hydrogen energy, and ensure that the microgrid can maintain efficient, stable and reliable operation under various circumstances.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for optimizing wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation taking into account the random characteristics of new energy sources comprises the following steps: S1. Establish a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatch model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices; S2. Use the scenario tree method to improve the wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model obtained in step S1; and realize the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen based on the improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model.

[0008] Preferably, the objective function of the wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is:

[0009] in, and denote the cost coefficients of hydroelectric power generation and hydrogen power generation, represents the power generation of hydroelectric power and hydrogen power generation, is the number of scheduling cycles, is the number of hydropower units, is the number of hydrogen-fired units.

[0010] Preferably, the power balance equation is described as:

[0011] in, represents the power generation of hydropower and hydrogen power generation at time t, represents the power generation of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation at time t, are the power input to the electrolyzer at time t and the power generated by the user load at time t, is the number of hydrogen-fired units, is the number of photovoltaic generators, is the number of wind turbines, is the number of hydropower units, is the number of alkaline electrolytic cells, They are photovoltaic generator group index, wind generator group index, hydropower group index, and scheduling period index.

[0012] Preferably, the hydrogen supply and demand balance constraint is:

[0013] in, They are respectively the rate of hydrogen entering the hydrogen combustion unit at time t, the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, the gas release rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, and the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time t.

[0014] Preferably, the constraints associated with the hydrogen power generation unit are:

[0015]

[0016] in, Hydrogen power generation unit The power generation at the time, yes The amount of hydrogen entering the hydrogen-fired unit at any given moment, is the number of hours per cycle, It refers to the amount of hydrogen required to produce 1 kWh of electricity. Efficiency of hydrogen-fired units; Power generation capacity limitations of hydrogen generator sets:

[0017] in, They are the upper and lower limits of the power of the hydrogen generator set respectively.

[0018] Preferably, the model constraints of the hydrogen storage tank are:

[0019]

[0020]

[0021] in, is the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, for The gas content of the hydrogen storage tank at all times. is the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage tank at time t-1, is the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, is the number of hours in the scheduling period; Hydrogen storage tank capacity limit:

[0022] in, They are the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen storage tank capacity respectively.

[0023] Restrictions on filling and degassing of hydrogen storage tanks:

[0024]

[0025]

[0026] in, Represents a 0~1 variable, indicating the working status of the hydrogen storage tank. Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in the state of being filled. Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in gas supply state. is the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank, is the upper limit of the hydrogen tank filling rate, is the deflation rate of the hydrogen storage tank, It is the upper limit of the hydrogen storage tank’s gas discharge rate.

[0027] Preferably, the rate at which the alkaline electrolyzer produces hydrogen is:

[0028] in, for The power supplied to the alkaline electrolyzer at all times, for The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time is the efficiency of hydrogen electrolysis in alkaline electrolyzer, is the calorific value of hydrogen, .

[0029] Limitations of power supply for alkaline electrolyzers:

[0030] in, Provides upper and lower limits on the amount of power supplied to an alkaline electrolyser.

[0031] Preferably, the relevant constraints for hydropower are:

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] in, The upper and lower limits of the hydropower unit's power generation capacity, is the power generation flow of the hydropower unit, is the output function of the hydropower unit, is the water consumption of the hydropower unit for power generation, is the generating power of the hydroelectric unit, It is the upper limit of water consumption for power generation of hydropower units.

[0035] Preferably, the scenario tree method is used to improve the wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model, and the model is solved in a forward rolling form. The rolling economic scheduling problem is specifically:

[0036]

[0037] in, Abbreviation for all scenario constraints, and denote the cost coefficients of hydroelectric power generation and hydrogen power generation, is the power generation of a single hydropower unit at time t in a single scenario, It is the power generation capacity of a single hydrogen-fired unit at time t in a single scenario.

[0038] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization system taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, including: Build a module to establish a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices; The improved module uses the scenario tree method to improve the obtained wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model; based on the obtained improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model, the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen is realized.

[0039] In the third aspect, a computer device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy are implemented.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-mentioned wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy.

[0041] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: A wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy. The steps of the entire optimization method are set to make full use of various energy forms such as wind energy, photovoltaics, hydropower and hydrogen energy to achieve efficient operation of the energy system. By creating a scheduling model that comprehensively considers wind energy, photovoltaics, hydropower and hydrogen energy, the optimal coordination and utilization of these energy sources can be achieved, the energy utilization rate of the system can be improved, the intermittent and instability of renewable energy can be smoothed, and the stability and economy of system operation can be improved. The scenario tree method is introduced to consider the uncertainty of renewable energy output, improve the adaptability and robustness of the model in practical applications, evaluate various possible situations in the future, and formulate corresponding response strategies, thereby reducing the risks brought by uncertainty. Through the establishment and improvement of the model in the first two steps, the third step applies the theory to practice, and through precise control of the output and storage of each energy source, and real-time adjustment of the operation strategy, it is ensured that the system can maintain the best state under market demand.

[0042] Furthermore, the objective function of the wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is set to optimize the combination of energy generation to reduce costs and improve energy efficiency. The objective function achieves this goal by minimizing the total cost of hydropower and hydrogen power generation. In principle, this scheduling model takes into account the power generation cost and power generation of different energy sources, and uses mathematical programming methods to find the optimal solution, that is, to achieve the lowest cost while meeting energy demand. This model not only improves the efficiency of energy use, but also helps reduce environmental pollution and promote sustainable development.

[0043] Furthermore, power balance settings are crucial in the operation of energy systems, especially in systems that integrate multiple energy sources such as wind, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen. The purposes or benefits of setting power balance mainly include the following: Ensure that energy supply matches demand: The power balance equation ensures that all power generation adds up to all load demands plus system losses. In this way, system operators can adjust power generation to meet actual demand. Optimize scheduling; by considering the cost and availability of different energy sources, the system can prioritize the most cost-effective energy while ensuring reliability. Deal with randomness: Incorporating new energy sources that are difficult to predict (such as wind and photovoltaic) into power balance can compensate for their volatility by adjusting other more controllable energy sources (such as hydropower and hydrogen). Maintain grid stability: The stability of grid frequency and voltage is directly affected by power balance. Imbalance can cause frequency and voltage fluctuations, affecting equipment operation and grid security. Cost-effectiveness: Power balance helps reduce overall energy costs by minimizing the use of high-cost energy and optimizing storage solutions (such as hydrogen storage).

[0044] Furthermore, the setting of hydrogen supply and demand balance has important purposes and benefits in energy systems, especially in complex energy networks involving renewable energy and hydrogen energy storage. The following are some key purposes and benefits, as well as principle analysis: Energy storage and release: Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, can be stored when there is excess energy supply and then released when demand peaks, thereby improving energy efficiency. Regulating renewable energy production: Since the output of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar energy is affected by weather conditions, the production of hydrogen can serve as a "buffer" when these energy sources are in excess, and hydrogen is produced by electrolyzing water. Supply and demand matching: Through real-time monitoring and prediction, the system can adjust the production and storage of hydrogen according to actual demand to ensure a balance between supply and demand. Economic efficiency: The balance of hydrogen supply and demand can avoid overproduction during low demand periods, thereby reducing energy waste and costs. Environmental impact: By optimizing the use of hydrogen, the impact on the environment can be reduced, because as a clean energy, its use helps reduce carbon emissions.

[0045] Furthermore, ensure system stability: By setting the upper and lower power limits of hydrogen generators, excessive power fluctuations can be prevented, thereby maintaining the stability of the power grid. Optimize resource allocation: Reasonable constraints help balance power generation between different energy sources and optimize resource use. Improve energy efficiency: By precisely controlling the use of hydrogen, energy waste can be reduced and overall energy conversion efficiency can be improved. Support renewable energy integration: Hydrogen, as an energy storage medium, can help regulate the intermittent and instability of renewable energy and increase its proportion in the energy system. Reduce operating costs: Effective constraint management can reduce costs caused by overproduction or equipment overload.

[0046] Furthermore, ensure safety: Hydrogen storage tanks involve high pressure and possible flammable gases, so it is necessary to ensure that operations are within a safe range. By setting capacity limits and inflation and deflation rate limits, overinflation or too-rapid deflation can be prevented, reducing safety accidents caused by excessive pressure or gas leakage. Optimize energy management: By precisely controlling the inflation and deflation of hydrogen storage tanks, hydrogen resources can be managed more efficiently, ensuring that hydrogen is available when needed while reducing waste. Improve system stability: In energy systems, hydrogen storage tanks act as buffer devices to help balance supply and demand. Constraint settings help maintain this balance and avoid affecting the stable operation of the entire system due to improper operation of hydrogen storage tanks.

[0047] Further, improve energy efficiency: Alkaline electrolyzers can convert renewable energy (such as wind energy and solar energy) into hydrogen and store it. This method can effectively utilize the electricity generated by these intermittent energy sources and reduce energy waste. Increase system flexibility: Producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water can add a flexible energy storage link to the energy system. Hydrogen can be converted back into electricity through fuel cells when needed, or used as a raw material for other industrial uses. Promote the integration of renewable energy: Alkaline electrolyzers can help balance the volatility of renewable energy, make the power grid more stable, and promote the increase in the proportion of renewable energy in the energy structure. Reduce environmental pollution: Hydrogen produced by alkaline electrolyzers is a clean energy source, and its use can reduce dependence on fossil fuels, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental pollution. Economic benefits: Although the initial investment is high, in the long run, alkaline electrolyzers can reduce energy costs because they use lower-cost renewable energy and have relatively low maintenance costs.

[0048] Furthermore, ensure system stability: by setting upper and lower limits on the power generation and water consumption of hydropower units, excessive power fluctuations can be prevented, thereby maintaining the stability of the power grid. Optimize resource allocation: reasonable constraint settings help balance power generation between different energy sources and optimize the use of water and power resources. Improve energy efficiency: by precisely controlling the operation of hydropower units, energy conversion efficiency can be improved and energy waste can be reduced.

[0049] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second aspect mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] In summary, the present invention relates to a method for optimizing the operation of wind, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen, which aims to improve the operating efficiency and stability of a comprehensive energy system containing wind power, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen energy. By optimizing the operation of various energy forms, the present invention can balance and smooth the intermittent and random nature of renewable energy, thereby reducing the impact on the power grid and improving the overall stability and reliability of the system. The present invention ensures efficient use of energy and reduces energy waste by accurately controlling and optimizing the energy conversion process (such as electrolysis of water to produce hydrogen, power and water consumption control of hydropower units). It provides an effective way to integrate wind energy, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen energy, so that renewable energy accounts for a higher proportion in the energy structure and reduces dependence on fossil fuels. By promoting the use of renewable energy, the present invention helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and other environmental pollution, and has a positive impact on environmental protection and sustainable development. Through diversified energy combinations and optimized operation, the present invention improves the security of energy supply, reduces dependence on a single energy source, and improves the system's resistance to external shocks.

[0051] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings to be used in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a framework diagram of the multi-stage scheduling model; Figure 2 A diagram describing the scenario tree and the multi-stage decision process; Figure 3 shows the expected curves and uncertain scenario sets for photovoltaic and wind power, where (a) is the expected curve and uncertain scenario set for photovoltaic, where the red curve represents the expected value and the blue area represents the uncertain scenario set. (b) is the expected curve and uncertain scenario set for wind power, where the red curve represents the expected value and the blue area represents the uncertain scenario set. ; FIG4 is a comparison of the single-scene and multi-scene 24-hour complete model curves, where (a) is the single-scene complete model curve, and (b) is the multi-scene complete model curve; FIG5 is a comparison diagram of the single-scenario and multi-scenario 24-hour hydropower and hydrogen power generation model curves, wherein (a) is the single-scenario hydropower and hydrogen power generation model curve, and (b) is the multi-scenario hydropower and hydrogen power generation model curve; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention is a block diagram of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms “include” and “comprises” indicate the presence of described features, wholes, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0056] It should also be understood that the terms used in the present specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used in the present specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0057] It should be further understood that the term "and / or" used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes these combinations. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in the present invention generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] It should be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used to describe preset ranges, etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, these preset ranges should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish preset ranges from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present invention, the first preset range may also be referred to as the second preset range, and similarly, the second preset range may also be referred to as the first preset range.

[0059] The word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if it is determined" or "if (stated condition or event) is detected" may be interpreted as "when it is determined" or "in response to determining" or "when detecting (stated condition or event)" or "in response to detecting (stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

[0060] Various structural schematic diagrams of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs.

[0061] The present invention provides a wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method that takes into account the random characteristics of new energy, adopts a real-time rolling economic dispatch strategy, and allows system operators to dynamically adjust decisions based on the latest information. This means that as new data is continuously input, the system can update its operation strategy in real time to adapt to changing operating conditions; it enhances the overall performance and reliability of the energy system, and promotes the efficient use of renewable energy; it ensures the continuity of power supply, reduces dependence on fossil fuels, and supports the transformation of the new energy industry towards a cleaner and more sustainable direction.

[0062] See also Figure 1 The wind, solar, water and hydrogen multi-level coordinated dispatching system with energy storage type includes multiple components, such as wind power, photovoltaic, control system, electrolyzer, hydrogen-fired unit and hydrogen storage device. Figure 1 The content of the supplementary description, explain the connection relationship between the various components of wind power, photovoltaic, hydropower and control system connection: Wind power, photovoltaic power, and hydropower are connected to the control system through direct lines, indicating that the power from these renewable energy sources is input into the control system. The control system may be responsible for regulating and managing the power from these different sources to optimize energy use and efficiency.

[0063] Connection between control system and electrolyzer: The control system is connected to the electrolyzer through a line, which indicates that the operation of the electrolyzer is directly managed by the control system. The function of the electrolyzer is to produce hydrogen by electrolyzing water, a process that requires electrical energy input, which comes from the conversion of wind, photovoltaic and hydropower.

[0064] Connection between electrolyzer and hydrogen storage device: The line extending from the electrolyzer points to the portion marked H2, which indicates that the hydrogen (H2) produced by the electrolyzer is transported to the next stage or storage equipment.

[0065] Connection between hydrogen-fired unit and hydrogen storage device: It indicates that hydrogen can be sent to a hydrogen-fired unit for energy conversion, such as generating heat energy through combustion or generating electricity through a fuel cell.

[0066] Connection between hydrogen-fired unit and control system: This means that when the power generation from wind power, photovoltaic power and hydropower is not enough to meet the user load, the energy converted from hydrogen can be used as a supplement.

[0067] Connection between control system and user load: The power generation relationship between wind, solar, water and hydrogen is balanced through the power generation of user loads.

[0068] The design concept of this system is to use renewable energy (wind power, photovoltaic power, hydropower) to produce hydrogen through electrolyzers, and then supply user loads through hydrogen combustion units or direct storage to achieve energy diversification and sustainability. Such a design helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels, reduce environmental pollution, and improve the flexibility and reliability of the energy system.

[0069] The present invention provides a wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, comprising the following steps: S1. Establish a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatch model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices; The objective function of the scheduling model is:

[0070] in, and denote the cost coefficients of hydroelectric power generation and hydrogen power generation, Indicates the amount of electricity generated by hydroelectric power and hydrogen power generation.

[0071] The power balance equation is described as:

[0072] in, represents the power generation of hydropower and hydrogen power generation at time t, represents the power generation of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation at time t, They are respectively the power input into the electrolyzer at time t and the power generated by the user load at time t.

[0073] The hydrogen supply and demand balance constraint is:

[0074] in, They are respectively the rate of hydrogen entering the hydrogen combustion unit at time t, the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, the gas release rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, and the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time t.

[0075] Constraints related to hydrogen generator sets:

[0076]

[0077] in, Hydrogen power generation unit The power generation at the time, yes The amount of hydrogen entering the hydrogen-fired unit at any given moment, is the number of hours per cycle, It refers to the amount of hydrogen required to produce 1 kWh of electricity. Efficiency of hydrogen-fired units.

[0078] Power generation capacity limitations of hydrogen generator sets:

[0079] in, They are the upper and lower limits of the power of the hydrogen generator set respectively.

[0080] Model constraints for hydrogen storage tanks:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] in, is the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, for The gas content of the hydrogen storage tank at all times.

[0084] Hydrogen storage tank capacity limit:

[0085] in, They are the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen storage tank capacity respectively.

[0086] Restrictions on filling and degassing of hydrogen storage tanks:

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] in, Represents a 0-1 variable, indicating the working status of the hydrogen storage tank, Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in the state of being filled. Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in gas supply state.

[0090] The rate at which hydrogen is produced by an alkaline electrolyzer is:

[0091] in, for The power supplied to the alkaline electrolyzer at all times, for The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time is the efficiency of hydrogen electrolysis in alkaline electrolyzer, is the calorific value of hydrogen, .

[0092] Limitations of power supply for alkaline electrolyzers:

[0093] in, Provides upper and lower limits on the amount of power supplied to an alkaline electrolyser.

[0094] Relevant constraints on hydropower:

[0095]

[0096]

[0097] in, The upper and lower limits of the hydropower unit's power generation capacity, It is the power generation flow of the hydropower unit.

[0098] S2. The wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is improved based on the scenario tree method, aiming to solve the uncertainty problems in this field.

[0099] Specifically, the scene tree is constructed as follows Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the construction method of the scenario number demonstrates its unique effectiveness in solving the multi-period scheduling problem of wind power, photovoltaic power, hydropower, and hydrogen power generation. Assume that we are currently in the first stage, during which the values ​​of random variables are known. Based on these known variables, decision values ​​are established for multiple scenarios corresponding to the current period, and the consistency between them is maintained. For subsequent periods, due to the uncertainty of random variables, a tree structure is used to model and represent this uncertainty.

[0100] When entering the second period, the values ​​of the random variables for that period are also known, and the decision values ​​for the current period are determined based on these values.

[0101] It is important to note that this decision-making process is independent of the previous period, and only the current and future periods have an impact on the decision. Similarly, the uncertainty of subsequent periods is also constructed using a tree structure.

[0102] The entire solution process adopts the form of forward rolling. Specifically, the number of stages contained in the model determines how many times the solution needs to be performed. The method of the present invention not only ensures the timeliness and accuracy of decision-making in each period, but also can adapt to and feedback future uncertainties and changes, ensuring the overall optimality of the scheduling strategy.

[0103] Based on the scenario tree method introduced above, the coordinated scheduling model is improved, and a multi-stage random scheduling method based on the scenario tree is proposed. Therefore, the simplified rolling economic scheduling problem is written as follows:

[0104]

[0105] In order to reduce the computational complexity as much as possible while ensuring that the feasible solution is satisfactory, the number of random variable field layers is set to 10. An economic dispatch model is established, which determines the values ​​of hydropower and hydrogen fuel units based on the current values ​​of random variables of photovoltaic and wind power. Due to unpredictability, at each moment, since the uncertainty of the next moment has been realized, it is required that the solutions of all scenarios at the next moment are equal.

[0106] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various aspects of the present invention may be implemented as systems, methods or program products. Therefore, various aspects of the present invention may be specifically implemented in the following forms, namely: complete hardware implementation, complete software implementation (including firmware, microcode, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software implementations, which may be collectively referred to herein as "circuits", "modules" or "platforms".

[0107] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, a wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization system taking into account the stochastic characteristics of new energy is provided. The system can be used to implement the above-mentioned wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the stochastic characteristics of new energy. Specifically, the wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization system taking into account the stochastic characteristics of new energy includes a building module and an improvement module.

[0108] Among them, the construction module establishes a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model that reflects the multi-stage hydrogen storage device; The improved module uses the scenario tree method to improve the obtained wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model; based on the obtained improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model, the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen is realized.

[0109] In another embodiment of the present invention, a terminal device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is used to execute the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, and is specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function; the processor described in the embodiment of the present invention can be used for the operation of the wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, including: A wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices is established; the obtained wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is improved using the scenario tree method; and the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen is achieved based on the improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model.

[0110] In another embodiment of the present invention, the present invention also provides a storage medium, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a terminal device for storing programs and data. It is understandable that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the terminal device and the extended storage medium supported by the terminal device, and can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program, which can be used by an instruction execution system, device or device or used in combination with it. The computer-readable storage medium provides a storage space, which stores the operating system of the terminal. In addition, one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor are also stored in the storage space, and these instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program codes). It should be noted that more specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium here include: an electrical connection with one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the above.

[0111] Computer readable storage media also include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carry readable program codes. Such propagated data signals can take a variety of forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination of the above. The readable storage medium can also be any readable medium other than a readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, device, or device. The program code contained on the readable storage medium can be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the above.

[0112] Program code for performing the operations of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user computing device, partially on the user device, as a separate software package, partially on the user computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server. In the case of a remote computing device, the remote computing device may be connected to the user computing device through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computing device (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0113] One or more instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium may be loaded and executed by a processor to implement the corresponding steps of the wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy in the above embodiment; one or more instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are loaded and executed by the processor as follows: A wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices is established; the obtained wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is improved using the scenario tree method; and the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen is achieved based on the improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model.

[0114] See also Figure 6 , the terminal device is a computer device. The computer device 60 of this embodiment includes: a processor 61, a memory 62, and a computer program 63 stored in the memory 62 and executable on the processor 61. When the computer program 63 is executed by the processor 61, the wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy in the embodiment is implemented. To avoid repetition, it is not described one by one here. Alternatively, when the computer program 63 is executed by the processor 61, the functions of each model / unit in the wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization system taking into account the random characteristics of new energy in the embodiment are implemented. To avoid repetition, it is not described one by one here.

[0115] The computer device 60 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a PDA, or a cloud server. The computer device 60 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 61 and a memory 62. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that Figure 6 This is only an example of the computer device 60 and does not constitute a limitation of the computer device 60. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, the computer device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0116] The processor 61 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, data processing logic based on quantum computing, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor, etc.

[0117] The memory 62 may be an internal storage unit of the computer device 60, such as a hard disk or memory of the computer device 60. The memory 62 may also be an external storage device of the computer device 60, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, a flash card, etc., equipped on the computer device 60.

[0118] Furthermore, the memory 62 may include both an internal storage unit of the computer device 60 and an external storage device. The memory 62 is used to store computer programs and other programs and data required by the computer device. The memory 62 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0119] Any reference to a memory, database or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application may include at least one of a non-volatile and a volatile memory. Non-volatile memory may include a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, a flash memory, an optical memory, a high-density embedded non-volatile memory, a resistive random access memory (ReRAM), a magnetic random access memory (MRAM), a ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), a phase change memory (PCM), a graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory may include a random access memory (RAM) or an external cache memory, etc. As an illustration and not limitation, RAM may be in various forms, such as a static random access memory (SRAM) or a dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0120] The database involved in each embodiment provided in this application may include at least one of a relational database and a non-relational database. The non-relational database may include a distributed database based on blockchain, etc., but is not limited thereto. The processor involved in each embodiment provided in this application may be a general-purpose processor, a central processing unit, a graphics processor, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, a data processing logic device based on quantum computing, etc., but is not limited thereto.

[0121] See also Figure 7 The terminal device 600 is an electronic device, and the electronic device is in the form of a general computing device. The components of the electronic device may include but are not limited to: at least one processing unit 610, at least one storage unit 620, a bus 630 connecting different platform components (including the storage unit 620 and the processing unit 610), a display unit 640, etc.

[0122] The storage unit stores program codes, which can be executed by the processing unit 610, so that the processing unit 610 performs the steps according to various exemplary embodiments of the present invention described in the above method section of this specification. For example, the processing unit 610 can perform the following steps: Figure 1 Follow the steps shown in .

[0123] The storage unit 620 may include a readable medium in the form of a volatile storage unit, such as a random access memory unit (RAM) 6201 and / or a cache memory unit 6202 , and may further include a read-only memory unit (ROM) 6203 .

[0124] The storage unit 620 may also include a program / utility 6204 having a set (at least one) of program modules 6205, such program modules 6205 including but not limited to: an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which or some combination may include an implementation of a network environment.

[0125] Bus 630 may represent one or more of several types of bus structures, including a memory unit bus or memory unit controller, a peripheral bus, an accelerated graphics port, a processing unit, or a local bus using any of a variety of bus architectures.

[0126] The electronic device 600 may also communicate with one or more external devices 700 (e.g., keyboards, pointing devices, Bluetooth devices, etc.), may also communicate with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the electronic device 600, and / or communicate with any device that enables the electronic device 600 to communicate with one or more other computing devices (e.g., routers, modems, etc.). Such communication may be performed via an input / output (I / O) interface 650. Furthermore, the electronic device 600 may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), and / or a public network, such as the Internet) via a network adapter 660. The network adapter 660 may communicate with other modules of the electronic device 600 via a bus 630. It should be understood that, although not shown in the figure, other hardware and / or software modules may be used in conjunction with the electronic device 600, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processing units, external disk drive arrays, RAID systems, tape drives, and data backup storage platforms, etc.

[0127] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can usually be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0128] The following is an in-depth analysis of a series of cases to verify the effectiveness and applicability of the method of the present invention: (1) Basic information Taking a certain region as an example, the change curves of wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are as follows: Figure 1 The value ranges of each variable are shown in Table 1.

[0129] Table 1 Value ranges of variables

[0130] The model parameters are as follows: Alkaline electrolyzer efficiency =75%. Hydrogen-fired unit efficiency =40%.

[0131] Parameters of a single hydrogen storage tank: The capacity of a single hydrogen storage tank is 16 , rated pressure is 10 , hydrogen storage capacity at standard pressure =1600 , the initial storage capacity of a single hydrogen storage tank is half of the rated capacity =800 .

[0132] Figure 3 shows the uncertainty scenario set of the expected curves for wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation, where the red curve represents the expectation and the blue area represents the uncertainty scenario set.

[0133] (2) Performance analysis and comparison The present invention, a multi-stage optimization model based on scenario tree, was comprehensively tested and analyzed, and compared with the single scenario method. A set of scenarios with an uncertainty level of 25% was considered. The complete output curve is shown in Figure 4.

[0134] Specifically, the present invention makes a detailed comparison from the following two aspects: 1. Performance analysis Under the same scenario, this paper evaluates the performance of the full model, including its operating cost and execution time. The output curves of the hydrogen power generation unit and hydropower are shown in Figure 5.

[0135] It is observed that due to the sufficient initial hydrogen, there is a significant difference in the initial decision between the multi-scenario and single-scenario methods. In the single scenario, hydropower generation does not start, while in the multi-scenario, hydropower generation starts to operate and stores the excess power in the hydrogen storage tank. As time goes by, 18 or 19 seconds, when the power load reaches the peak, photovoltaic power generation stops. Although hydropower is running at full load, it still cannot meet the demand and requires the intervention of hydrogen fuel cells. After the peak demand subsides, the hydropower generation decisions under multi-scenario and single-scenario begin to diverge: in the multi-scenario, hydropower does not need to continue to produce. However, in the single scenario, hydropower must continue to operate to replenish the hydrogen in the tank to ensure sufficient hydrogen reserves for the next scheduling cycle. This difference leads to an increase in the probability that the single-scenario method is not feasible as the uncertainty of the random variables increases, because the decisions made in the single scenario are only valid for the current scenario and cannot adapt to new random variables in subsequent periods, which may make the model unsolvable. In contrast, the multi-scenario method effectively solves this problem. The comparison of operating costs and execution time is shown in Table 2.

[0136] Table 2 Simulation results of different methods

[0137] It can be observed from Table 2 that when the values ​​of the random variables for the 24 periods are the same, there is almost no difference in the operating cost between the multi-scenario and single-scenario methods; however, the execution time of the multi-scenario method is significantly higher than that of the single-scenario method.

[0138] 2. Impact analysis of uncertainty level To further verify the robustness of the model, the present invention conducted 100 experiments on the single-scenario and multi-scenario methods under multiple groups of the same uncertainty ratio, and compared the proportion of infeasible situations. This comparison aims to evaluate the reliability and stability of the two methods in the face of uncertainty. The comparison results are shown in Table 3: Table 3 Analysis of the impact of uncertainty

[0139] It can be clearly seen from the table that under the same uncertainty ratio, the proportion of infeasible cases in a single scenario is significantly higher. As the uncertainty ratio continues to increase, the gap between the proportion of infeasible cases in a single scenario and multiple scenarios is significantly widened.

[0140] In summary, the present invention provides a method and system for optimizing the operation of wind, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, and establishes a model for coordinated scheduling of wind power, photovoltaic, hydropower and hydrogen energy, aiming to enhance the feasibility of microgrid scheduling. To achieve this goal, a rolling economic scheduling model based on a scenario tree is adopted. Numerical experiments on actual microgrids show that compared with the single-field layer method, the multi-stage scheduling model based on the scenario tree significantly reduces infeasible solutions, while there is almost no difference in operating costs. This verifies the reliability and stability of the proposed method.

[0141] The technicians in the relevant field can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units and modules is used as an example for illustration. In practical applications, the above-mentioned function allocation can be completed by different functional units and modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units and modules in the embodiment can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units and modules in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0142] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in the present invention can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0144] In the embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices / terminals and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device / terminal embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0145] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0146] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.

[0147] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiment method, and can also be completed by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can implement the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments when executed by the processor. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, computer-readable media do not include electric carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0148] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to generate a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0149] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0150] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process in the computer or other programmable device. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0151] The above contents are only for explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution in accordance with the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Establish a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated dispatch model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices; S2. Use the scenario tree method to improve the wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model obtained in step S1; and realize the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen based on the improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model.

2. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The objective function of the wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model is: in, and denote the cost coefficients of hydroelectric power generation and hydrogen power generation, represents the power generation of hydroelectric power and hydrogen power generation, is the number of scheduling cycles, is the number of hydropower units, is the number of hydrogen-fired units.

3. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The power balance equation is described as: in, represents the power generation of hydropower and hydrogen power generation at time t, represents the power generation of photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation at time t, are the power input to the electrolyzer at time t and the power generated by the user load at time t, is the number of hydrogen-fired units, is the number of photovoltaic generators, is the number of wind turbines, is the number of hydropower units, is the number of alkaline electrolytic cells, They are photovoltaic generator group index, wind generator group index, hydropower group index, and scheduling period index.

4. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The hydrogen supply and demand balance constraint is: in, They are respectively the rate of hydrogen entering the hydrogen combustion unit at time t, the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, the gas release rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, and the hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time t.

5. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Constraints related to hydrogen generator sets: in, Hydrogen power generation unit The power generation at the time, yes The amount of hydrogen entering the hydrogen-fired unit at any given moment, is the number of hours per cycle, It refers to the amount of hydrogen required to produce 1 kWh of electricity. Efficiency of hydrogen-fired units; Power generation limit of hydrogen generator set: in, They are the upper and lower limits of the power of the hydrogen generator set respectively.

6. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Model constraints for hydrogen storage tanks: in, is the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, for The gas content of the hydrogen storage tank at all times. is the hydrogen content of the hydrogen storage tank at time t-1, is the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank at time t, is the number of hours in the scheduling period; Hydrogen storage tank capacity limit: in, are the upper and lower limits of the hydrogen storage tank capacity respectively; Restrictions on filling and degassing of hydrogen storage tanks: in, Represents a 0~1 variable, indicating the working status of the hydrogen storage tank. Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in the state of being filled. Indicates that the hydrogen storage tank is in gas supply state. is the filling rate of the hydrogen storage tank, is the upper limit of the hydrogen tank filling rate, is the deflation rate of the hydrogen storage tank, It is the upper limit of the hydrogen storage tank’s gas discharge rate.

7. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The rate at which hydrogen is produced by an alkaline electrolyzer is: in, for The power supplied to the alkaline electrolyzer at all times, for The hydrogen production rate of the alkaline electrolyzer at time is the efficiency of hydrogen electrolysis in alkaline electrolyzer, is the calorific value of hydrogen, ; Limitations of power supply for alkaline electrolyzers: in, Provides upper and lower limits on the amount of power supplied to an alkaline electrolyser.

8. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The relevant constraints for hydropower are: in, The upper and lower limits of the hydropower unit's power generation capacity, is the power generation flow of the hydropower unit, is the output function of the hydropower unit, is the water consumption of the hydropower unit for power generation, is the generating power of the hydroelectric unit, It is the upper limit of water consumption for power generation of hydropower units.

9. The wind-solar-water-hydrogen operation optimization method taking into account the random characteristics of new energy according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The scenario tree method is used to improve the wind, solar, water and hydrogen coordinated scheduling model, and the model is solved in a forward rolling form. The specific rolling economic scheduling problem is: in, Abbreviation for all scenario constraints, and denote the cost coefficients of hydroelectric power generation and hydrogen power generation, is the power generation of a single hydropower unit at time t in a single scenario, It is the power generation capacity of a single hydrogen-fired unit at time t in a single scenario.

10. A wind, solar, water and hydrogen operation optimization system taking into account the random characteristics of new energy, characterized in that: include: Build a module to establish a wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model that reflects multi-stage hydrogen storage devices; The improved module uses the scenario tree method to improve the obtained wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model; based on the obtained improved wind-solar-water-hydrogen coordinated scheduling model, the optimized operation of wind-solar-water-hydrogen is realized.

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