Tunnel wind coupling photovoltaic photo-thermal integrated system and method suitable for alpine region

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic and photo-thermal utilization, and discloses a tunnel air coupling photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated system and method.The system comprises a photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, a hot water module and a tunnel air module; the method comprises the steps that solar energy is converted into heat energy and electric energy of air, the heat energy of the air is used for heating inflow air, and the electric energy is supplied to electricity after being treated; the solar temperature change rate is collected in real time, and the collected temperature change rate data is output; the water heater is used for heating the water in the water tank, receiving the heated air, heating the water in the water tank by using the heated air, and outputting the heated water for domestic water or floor heating; the solar panel heat collector receives the collected solar temperature change rate, controls the air inlet amount according to the received data, introduces outdoor air into a room, pretreats the air in the introduction process, conveys the preprocessed air into the tunnels, and finally flows to the photovoltaic panel heat collector along the tunnels to be heated. The energy utilization efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic and thermal utilization, and in particular to a tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic and thermal integration system and method. Background Art

[0002] The temperature deep in the earth fluctuates little throughout the year, and there is a large temperature difference between the winter and summer temperatures and the ground air temperature. With the increase in underground structures, underground tunnels with very little temperature change throughout the year have been developed and utilized as cold or hot sources for ventilation systems. The cooling (or heating) of the air in the tunnel wind system does not require a refrigerator or heater, which can save more than 70% of investment and about 80% of electricity compared to artificial refrigeration.

[0003] Prior art 1, Chinese patent, application number 202010592561.0 discloses a solar heating and tunnel wind composite system, including a solar heating mechanism and a tunnel wind mechanism arranged in a house, the solar heating mechanism including a hot air inlet pipe arranged on the top of the house, a solar heat collecting air pipe connected to the hot air inlet pipe, a hot air outlet pipe arranged on the solar heat collecting air pipe, and a hot air pipe valve installed on the hot air outlet pipe, the top of the hot air inlet pipe is connected to the outside of the house, and an upper air pump is installed at the hot air outlet pipe; the tunnel wind mechanism includes a buried air duct, a delivery pipe, an upper air outlet pipe and a lower air outlet pipe connected to the delivery pipe, one end of the buried air duct is located outside the house, the upper air outlet pipe and the lower air outlet pipe are respectively located at the upper position and the lower position in the house, the delivery pipe is installed with a lower air pump, the upper air outlet pipe and the lower air outlet pipe are respectively installed with an upper valve and a lower valve, a tunnel valve is provided at the position of the delivery pipe near the buried air duct, and a tunnel valve is provided at the position of the delivery pipe near the buried air duct. Although the system can quickly provide indoor cooling in summer and indoor heating in winter, it does not fully utilize the residual heat in the air, resulting in energy waste.

[0004] Prior art 2, Chinese patent, application number 202210230458.0 discloses a building underground wind system using a comprehensive pipe gallery, including an underground pipe gallery and a building on the ground: the pipe gallery is provided with a ventilation system, including a pipe gallery air inlet shaft provided with a pipe gallery air inlet connected to the outside world; an air-conditioning room is provided in the building, an air-conditioning unit is provided in the air-conditioning room, and the air-conditioning unit is provided with a fresh air introduction pipe and an air-conditioning air supply pipe; one end of the fresh air introduction pipe is connected to the air inlet of the air-conditioning unit, and the other end is connected to the pipe gallery to introduce the underground air in the pipe gallery; one end of the air-conditioning air supply pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air-conditioning unit, and the other end is connected in parallel to multiple air supply branch pipes, and the air supply branch pipes are connected to multiple air-conditioning air supply outlets provided in each room of the building to deliver fresh air into each room. Although the pipe gallery is used as a channel for underground wind, it provides energy for buildings near the pipe gallery, saves the energy consumption of the building, and achieves the purpose of making full use of natural energy and saving building energy consumption.

[0005] Prior art three, Chinese patent, application number 202410554339.X discloses a tunnel wind and solar energy coupling ventilation system and energy system based on air volume regulation, which relates to the field of comprehensive utilization of renewable energy technology; including a tunnel wind unit and a solar energy unit, which cooperate with each other for ventilation; the tunnel wind unit includes an underground air duct, and multiple air inlet pipes are installed on the top of the underground air duct, and valves are installed on the multiple air inlet pipes, and the air inlets of the multiple air inlet pipes are located above the ground. Although by setting multiple air inlet pipes and adjustable valves, the length of the underground pipe can be selected and changed according to actual needs, it can better adapt to different climatic conditions and indoor needs, provide more suitable ventilation volume, and use the suction effect of the chimney effect to enhance natural convection heat exchange to increase ventilation volume, and use the thermal pressure generated by the solar chimney to provide power for the underground pipe fresh air system. However, it involves the interaction of multiple physical fields, which requires more accurate multi-physical field coupling analysis capabilities to solve, and the investment cost is relatively high. The system does not make full use of the waste heat in the air, resulting in energy waste.

[0006] At present, the existing technologies 1, 2 and 3 only consider indoor comfort issues, and do not fully utilize waste heat to improve energy utilization. They also involve the interaction of multiple physical fields, and require more accurate multi-physical field coupling analysis capabilities to solve the problem of high investment costs. Therefore, the present invention proposes a tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system and method suitable for high-altitude cold areas, which can effectively regulate indoor temperature and indoor air quality, improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panel collectors, achieve optimal utilization of renewable energy in the construction field, and provide hot water and heating for life. Reduce the self-weight problem of traditional integrated photovoltaic panels, reduce the problem of damage to integrated photovoltaic panels caused by water freezing, and solve the problem of heat pumps failing to start at low temperatures in high-altitude cold areas. Summary of the invention

[0007] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system and method to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system, the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system comprising:

[0010] Photovoltaic waste heat recovery module is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat and electricity. The heat energy is used to heat the incoming air, and the electricity is used for domestic electricity after processing. It also collects the solar temperature change rate in real time and outputs the collected temperature change rate data to the tunnel wind module;

[0011] A hot water module is used to receive the heated air, use the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and output the heated water for domestic use or for floor heating;

[0012] The tunnel wind module is used to receive data from the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, control the air intake according to the received temperature change rate data, introduce outdoor air into the room, pre-treat the air during the introduction process, and transport the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally merge into the photovoltaic waste heat module along multiple tunnels.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, a photovoltaic waste heat recovery module includes: a photovoltaic panel collector, a first air pipeline;

[0014] Among them, the first air pipeline is divided into two pipelines, one is connected to the air inlet of the photovoltaic panel collector from the bottom, and the other is connected to the air outlet of the photovoltaic panel collector from the bottom. The indoor air enters from the air inlet, and after being heated by the photovoltaic panel collector, the heated air flows out from the air outlet and converges into the hot water module.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, a hot water module comprises: a PVT heat pump, a water tank, a water pump, a hot water pipeline and a fan;

[0016] Among them, the air flows out from the first air pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector, passes through the fan to connect to the water tank, and there are two water outlets above the water tank. One is connected to the PVT heat pump and then connected to domestic water after passing through the PVT heat pump; the other is connected to the water inlet of the hot water pipe through the water pump, and then connected to the other water inlet of the water tank after the ground heating cycle.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the tunnel wind module comprises: a second air pipeline, an outdoor air inlet, a tunnel and a fresh air outlet;

[0018] Among them, the tunnel wind module receives the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, adjusts the air intake volume according to its temperature change rate data, connects with the outside through the outdoor air inlet, and connects with the second air duct through the fresh air outlet after passing through the tunnel.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, a photovoltaic panel collector comprises: a PV / T collector, a sealing plate, an air inlet, an air outlet, a baffle, and a flow passage;

[0020] Among them, there is at least one photovoltaic panel collector arranged on the roof, the outermost layer of each photovoltaic panel collector is a PV / T collector, which is wrapped by sealing plates on all sides to form a sealed space; the air inlet is opened at the bottom of the right sealing plate, and the air outlet is opened at the bottom of the left sealing plate; there are multiple flow control panels fixedly installed inside the sealed space, and the flow control panel in the middle part of the sealed space is in the shape of an inverted "earth" from bottom to top, and a flow control panel is installed in its gap, and a flow passage is formed through the obstruction of each flow control panel.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the four spoilers are staggered and not located on the same plane; at the same time, the spoiler on the left is inclined toward the air inlet and the air outlet, the spoiler on the right is inclined in the opposite direction of the air inlet and the air outlet, and the spoiler in the middle is inclined from one side of the air inlet to the air outlet.

[0022] To achieve the above object, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions:

[0023] A tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method is applied to the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration system. The tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method comprises:

[0024] Photovoltaic panel collectors absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy and electrical energy from the air. The heat energy from the air is used to heat the incoming air, and the electrical energy is used for electricity after being processed. The solar temperature change rate is collected in real time and the collected temperature change rate data is output;

[0025] Among them, the formula for collecting the solar temperature change rate is:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, ΔT(t) represents the solar temperature change rate, in units of ℃ / s, which means the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic panel collector surface at time t, C p It represents the specific heat capacity of air, with the unit of J / (kg·℃), which represents the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of air by 1℃. ρ represents the density of air, with the unit of kg / m 3 , represents the mass of air per unit volume, n represents the number of solar radiation sources, represents the total number of solar radiation sources affecting the photovoltaic panel collector, α i It represents the absorption coefficient of the i-th solar radiation source, dimensionless, and represents the absorption capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the i-th solar radiation source, I i (t) represents the radiation intensity of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the radiation energy density of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, θ i (t) represents the incident angle of the ith solar radiation source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the incident direction of the ith solar radiation source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. m represents the number of heat loss sources. represents the total number of sources that affect the heat loss of the photovoltaic panel collector. β j It represents the loss coefficient of the jth heat loss source, dimensionless, and represents the heat loss capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the jth heat loss source, U j(t) represents the heat loss intensity of the jth heat loss source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the heat loss energy density of the jth heat loss source at time t, φ j (t) represents the loss angle of the jth heat loss source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the heat loss direction of the jth heat loss source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. γ represents the thermal conductivity coefficient, in W / (m·℃), and represents the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic panel collector. Q(t) represents the heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J, and represents the total heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t. It represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J / s, which represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t;

[0028] Receive the heated air, use the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and output the heated water for domestic use or for floor heating;

[0029] The system receives the collected solar energy temperature change rate, controls the air intake according to the received data, introduces outdoor air into the room, pre-treats the air during the introduction process, transports the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally flows to the photovoltaic panel collector along multiple tunnels for heating.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of controlling the air intake volume according to the received data includes:

[0031] Through multiple sensors distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel collector, the temperature change rate data is collected in real time; the ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed data are obtained simultaneously; the weight of each sensor data is dynamically adjusted according to the current environmental data and historical data;

[0032] Based on the result of multi-dimensional data fusion, the input variables such as temperature change rate and ambient temperature are fuzzified according to the preset fuzzy rule base; the fuzzy output of air intake volume is generated through the fuzzy reasoning mechanism; through the defuzzification process, the fuzzy output is converted into a specific air intake volume control signal and sent to the actuator;

[0033] Monitor the thermal energy output of the photovoltaic panel collector in real time, predict the thermal energy output in the future, and generate a thermal energy curve; based on the prediction results, automatically adjust the air intake in different time periods.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of generating the fuzzy output of the air intake volume includes:

[0035] The fuzzified input variables are inferred according to the rules in the fuzzy rule base; the fuzzy rule base usually contains a series of "if-then" rules, and the rules are combined through fuzzy logic operations to generate the fuzzy output of the air intake volume;

[0036] According to the result of fuzzy reasoning, the fuzzy output set of air intake volume is determined; for each fuzzy output, its trapezoidal membership function is calculated;

[0037] The center of gravity of the fuzzy output is calculated, and the calculated center of gravity is used as a specific air intake control signal and sent to the actuator.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present invention, the process of reasoning about the fuzzy input variables includes:

[0039] The input variables are fuzzified through predefined fuzzy sets; each input variable is mapped to multiple fuzzy sets, and its membership in each fuzzy set is calculated;

[0040] According to the "if-then" rules in the fuzzy rule base, the fuzzified input variables are matched with the antecedents of the rules; if the membership of the input variables meets the antecedent conditions of the rules, the rule is activated; for all activated rules, the fuzzy outputs generated by them are combined, and the combination is usually multiplied to determine the final membership of each fuzzy output;

[0041] The combined fuzzy output is defuzzified to obtain a specific numerical output.

[0042] The photovoltaic waste heat recovery module of the present invention can efficiently absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy and electrical energy at the same time. The heat energy part is used to heat the incoming air, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy; the electrical energy part can be used by electrical equipment inside or outside the system after proper treatment; it can also collect the temperature change rate of solar energy in real time, and output the data to the tunnel wind module, providing a basis for the optimized operation of the system; the hot water module can receive the heated air from the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, and use the air to heat the water in the water tank; the heated water can be output for domestic water use or for floor heating, meeting different hot water needs; the tunnel wind module can intelligently control the air intake according to the data provided by the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module; in the process of introducing outdoor air, the module can pre-treat the air, such as filtering, dehumidifying, etc., to improve the air quality; the pre-treated air is transported to the tunnel, and finally merges into the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module along multiple tunnels, forming a closed-loop energy utilization system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the functional modules of the underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a functional module schematic diagram of the underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the functional module structure of the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 The photovoltaic panel collector structure of the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0047] Figure 5 The photovoltaic panel collector structure of the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0048] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the steps of an embodiment of the underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an electronic device of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the storage medium of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The terms "first", "second" and "third" in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" and "third" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication also changes accordingly. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally also includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally also includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0053] Reference to an "embodiment" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of a tunnel wind coupled photovoltaic thermal integration system. In this embodiment, the tunnel wind coupled photovoltaic thermal integration system includes: a photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1, a hot water module 2 and a tunnel wind module 3;

[0055] Among them, the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1 is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy and electrical energy. The heat energy is used to heat the incoming air, and the electrical energy is used for domestic electricity after processing. The solar temperature change rate is collected in real time, and the collected temperature change rate data is output to the tunnel wind module; the hot water module 2 is used to receive the heated air, and use the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and output the heated water for domestic water use or for floor heating; the tunnel wind module 3 is used to receive data from the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1, control the air intake according to the received temperature change rate data, introduce outdoor air into the room, and pre-treat the air during the introduction process, and transport the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally merge into the photovoltaic waste heat module 1 along multiple tunnels.

[0056] Preferably, the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1 of this embodiment can efficiently absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy and electrical energy at the same time. The heat energy part is used to heat the incoming air, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy; the electrical energy part can be used by the internal or external electrical equipment of the system after proper treatment; it can also collect the temperature change rate of solar energy in real time, and output the data to the tunnel wind module to provide a basis for the optimized operation of the system; the hot water module 2 can receive the heated air from the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module and use the air to heat the water in the water tank; the heated water can be output for domestic water use or for floor heating, meeting different hot water needs; the tunnel wind module 3 can intelligently control the air intake according to the data provided by the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1; in the process of introducing outdoor air, the module can pre-treat the air, such as filtering, dehumidification, etc., to improve the air quality; the pre-treated air is transported to the tunnel, and finally merges into the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module along multiple tunnels, forming a closed-loop energy utilization system (for a specific schematic diagram, refer to the attached Figure 2 ).

[0057] To sum up, this embodiment realizes the dual utilization of solar energy and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy; through real-time data collection, it provides data support for the optimized operation of the system, which helps to further improve the system performance; realizes the secondary utilization of thermal energy and improves the energy utilization efficiency of the entire system; provides a stable and reliable hot water supply to meet the living and heating needs of users; optimizes the energy utilization of the system and improves the energy utilization efficiency by intelligently controlling the air intake volume; pre-treats the air to improve the indoor air quality and provide users with a healthier living environment; forms a closed-loop energy utilization system and realizes the efficient recycling of energy.

[0058] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1 specifically includes: a photovoltaic panel collector 4, a first air pipeline 5;

[0059] Among them, the first air pipeline 5 is divided into two pipelines, one is connected to the air inlet of the photovoltaic panel collector 4 from the bottom, and the other is connected to the air outlet of the photovoltaic panel collector 4 from the bottom. The indoor air enters from the air inlet, and after being heated by the photovoltaic panel collector, the heated air flows out from the air outlet and converges into the hot water module 2.

[0060] Preferably, the photovoltaic panel collector 4 of this embodiment serves as the main device for absorbing solar energy. The photovoltaic panel collector not only converts solar energy into electrical energy, but also has a heat exchange structure designed on the back or around it, which can use the solar waste heat that has not been completely converted into electrical energy to heat the air flowing below it; the first air pipeline 5 is divided into an air inlet and an air outlet, which are respectively connected to the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector to form a complete air heating cycle; indoor air enters the space below the photovoltaic panel collector through the air inlet, is heated by the photovoltaic panel collector, and then flows out from the air outlet, realizing the recovery and utilization of heat energy.

[0061] In summary, while the photovoltaic panel collector of this embodiment generates electricity, the heat energy on the back or around it is also effectively used to heat the air, realizing the dual utilization of solar energy and improving the energy efficiency of the overall system; by integrating photovoltaic waste heat recovery and air heating in the same module, additional heat energy conversion equipment is reduced, the system structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced; the heated air is sent to the hot water module in the system, which promotes the air circulation inside the system and enhances the overall performance of the system.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the hot water module 2 specifically includes: a PVT heat pump 6, a water tank 7, a water pump 8, a hot water pipeline 9 and a fan 10;

[0063] Among them, the air flows out from the first air pipe 5 at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector, passes through the fan 10 to connect to the water tank 7, and there are two water outlets above the water tank 7. One is connected to the PVT heat pump 6, and then connected to domestic water after passing through the PVT heat pump 6; the other is connected to the water inlet of the hot water pipe 9 through the water pump 8, and then connected to the other water inlet of the water tank after the ground heating cycle.

[0064] Preferably, the PVT heat pump of this embodiment combines photovoltaic and thermal energy technologies, and can efficiently utilize solar energy for heating; although the air flowing out of the first air pipeline at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector already carries a certain amount of thermal energy, the PVT heat pump can further extract the thermal energy of this part of the air and use it to heat domestic water; the PVT heat pump is also efficient and environmentally friendly, and can maintain high efficiency on cold and sunny days, and is resistant to ice formation, without the need for additional de-icing equipment; the water tank 7 serves as a medium for heat energy transfer and storage, receiving air heated by the fan and transferring heat energy to the water therein; two water outlets are provided above the water tank, which are respectively connected to the PVT heat pump and the hot water pipe The water tank also has the function of storing water and buffering, which can provide a stable supply of hot water and reduce water temperature fluctuations; the water pump 8 is responsible for pumping the hot water in the water tank to the hot water pipeline, providing circulating hot water for the floor heating system; the water pump is efficient and energy-saving, and can adjust the water volume and water pressure according to system requirements; the hot water pipeline 9 is responsible for transporting the hot water in the water tank to the floor heating system, forming a complete hot water circulation loop. The hot water pipeline adopts high-efficiency thermal insulation materials, which reduces heat energy loss and improves system energy efficiency; the fan 10 is responsible for blowing the heated air from the first air pipeline 5 at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector into the water tank, realizing the transfer and utilization of heat energy.

[0065] To sum up, this embodiment improves the utilization efficiency of thermal energy in the air and further increases the overall energy efficiency of the system; provides users with a stable and reliable domestic water heating solution to meet daily water needs; the environmental protection characteristics of the PVT heat pump help reduce carbon emissions and are in line with the concept of sustainable development; the water tank, as a key component for heat energy transfer and storage, improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency of the system; by diverting and utilizing heat energy, the water tank 7 meets the hot water needs of different users and improves the flexibility and practicality of the system; the water storage and buffering effects help to maintain water temperature stability and improve the user's water use experience; realizes the recycling of hot water and improves the overall energy efficiency of the system; provides a stable and reliable hot water supply for the floor heating system to meet the user's heating needs; the high efficiency and energy-saving characteristics of the water pump help to reduce system energy consumption and reduce operating costs; ensures the stable transmission of hot water from the water tank to the floor heating and improves the overall performance of the system; promotes the transfer and utilization of heat energy in the air and improves the overall energy efficiency of the system.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel air module 3 specifically includes: a second air pipeline 11, an outdoor air inlet 12, a tunnel 13 and a fresh air outlet 14;

[0067] Among them, the tunnel wind module 3 receives the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, adjusts the air intake volume according to its temperature change rate data, connects with the outside through the outdoor air inlet 12, and connects with the second air pipeline 11 through the fresh air outlet 14 after passing through the tunnel 13.

[0068] Preferably, the second air duct 11 of the present embodiment serves as an air circulation channel, connecting the outdoor air inlet 12, the tunnel 13 and the fresh air vent 14 to realize air circulation and regulation; the outdoor air inlet 12 introduces fresh air from the outside to provide the necessary air source for the tunnel wind module; the air is pretreated in the tunnel 13; the fresh air vent 14 delivers the air pretreated by the tunnel 13 into the second air duct 11, which is further combined with the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module.

[0069] To sum up, in this embodiment, the underground wind module 3 is combined with the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1 to achieve efficient utilization of energy; the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module 1 provides power for the underground wind module 3, and the underground wind module 3 optimizes the overall performance of the system by adjusting the air intake; it not only improves the energy utilization efficiency, but also reduces the waste of heat energy; through the coupling of photovoltaic thermal energy and underground wind, the comprehensive utilization and efficient conversion of energy are realized, and the energy efficiency of the entire system is improved; the concept of green building and sustainable development is realized, and the impact on the environment is reduced by utilizing renewable energy and natural resources.

[0070] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic panel collector 4 includes: a PV / T collector 15, a sealing plate 16, an air inlet 17, an air outlet 18, a baffle 19, and a flow passage 20;

[0071] Among them, there are 10 photovoltaic panel collectors 4 arranged on the roof (for example), the outermost layer of each photovoltaic panel collector 4 is a PV / T collector 15, which is wrapped by a sealing plate 16 on all sides to form a sealed space; the air inlet 17 is opened at the bottom of the right sealing plate 16, and the air outlet 18 is opened at the bottom of the left sealing plate 16; a plurality of baffles 19 are fixedly installed inside the sealed space, and the baffle 19 in the middle part of the sealed space is in the shape of an inverted "earth" from bottom to top, and four baffles 19 are installed in the gap thereof, and a flow channel 20 is formed by the obstruction of each baffle 19; the four baffles 19 are staggered and are not located on the same plane; at the same time, the baffle 19 on the left side is inclined toward the air inlet 17 and the air outlet 18, and the baffle 19 on the right side is inclined in the opposite direction of the air inlet 17 and the air outlet 18, and the baffle 19 in the middle part is inclined from one side of the air inlet 17 to the air outlet 18, and each inclination angle can be set according to specific needs.

[0072] Preferably, in this embodiment, air enters the sealed space of the photovoltaic panel collector 4 through the air inlet 17 arranged at the bottom of the right sealing plate 16, and the air after entering the sealed space flows along the flow channel 20 under the guidance of the baffle 19; the design of the baffle 19 effectively increases the path and length of the air flow, so that the air can be more fully in contact with the PV / T collector 15; the PV / T collector not only has a photovoltaic effect and can convert solar energy into electrical energy, but also has a heat collection function and can absorb solar energy and convert it into thermal energy; the heated air flows through the flow channel 20 and finally flows out from the air outlet 18 arranged at the bottom of the left sealing plate 16; in the whole process, the PV / T collector 15 not only heats the air, but also generates electrical energy through its photovoltaic effect; a total of 10 photovoltaic panel collectors 4 are arranged, and through different angles, they fully absorb the energy of the sun at different times during the day.

[0073] To sum up, the PV / T collector 15 of this embodiment not only has the photovoltaic effect and can convert solar energy into electrical energy, but also has a heat collection function and can absorb solar energy and convert it into thermal energy, thus realizing the dual utilization of solar energy, generating both electricity and heat, and improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar energy; the sealing plate 16 is wrapped around the PV / T collector to form a sealed space, ensuring that the air will not leak when flowing inside the collector, thus ensuring the integrity of the air flow path and improving the thermal efficiency and electrical efficiency of the system; the design of the baffle 19 effectively increases the path and length of the air flow, so that the air can more fully contact the PV / T collector, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the PV / T collector, and further improving the thermal output of the system.

[0074] like Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides an embodiment of a tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method. In this embodiment, the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method is applied to a tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration system as in the above embodiment. The tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method specifically includes the following steps:

[0075] Step S1: The photovoltaic panel collector absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat energy and electric energy of air. The heat energy of air is used to heat the inflowing air, and the electric energy is used for electricity after being processed; and the temperature change rate of solar energy is collected in real time, and the collected temperature change rate data is output;

[0076] Among them, the formula for collecting the solar temperature change rate is:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, ΔT(t) represents the solar temperature change rate, in units of ℃ / s, which means the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic panel collector surface at time t, Cp It represents the specific heat capacity of air, with the unit of J / (kg·℃), which represents the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of air by 1℃. ρ represents the density of air, with the unit of kg / m 3 , represents the mass of air per unit volume, n represents the number of solar radiation sources, represents the total number of solar radiation sources affecting the photovoltaic panel collector, α i It represents the absorption coefficient of the i-th solar radiation source, dimensionless, and represents the absorption capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the i-th solar radiation source, I i (t) represents the radiation intensity of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the radiation energy density of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, θ i (t) represents the incident angle of the ith solar radiation source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the incident direction of the ith solar radiation source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. m represents the number of heat loss sources. represents the total number of sources that affect the heat loss of the photovoltaic panel collector. β j It represents the loss coefficient of the jth heat loss source, dimensionless, and represents the heat loss capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the jth heat loss source, U j (t) represents the heat loss intensity of the jth heat loss source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the heat loss energy density of the jth heat loss source at time t, φ j (t) represents the loss angle of the jth heat loss source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the heat loss direction of the jth heat loss source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. γ represents the thermal conductivity coefficient, in W / (m·℃), and represents the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic panel collector. Q(t) represents the heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J, and represents the total heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t. It represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J / s, which represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t;

[0079] Step S2: receiving the heated air, and using the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and outputting the heated water for domestic use or for floor heating;

[0080] Step S3: Receive the collected solar temperature change rate, control the air intake according to the received data, introduce outdoor air into the room, pre-treat the air during the introduction process, transport the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally flow to the photovoltaic panel collector along multiple tunnels for heating.

[0081] Preferably, step S1 of this embodiment absorbs solar energy and converts it into heat energy and electrical energy, the heat energy is used to heat the incoming air, the electrical energy is processed and used for electricity, and the solar temperature change rate is collected in real time and the data is output; step S2 uses the heated air to heat the water in the sink, and the heated water can be used for domestic water or floor heating; step S3 controls the air intake according to the solar temperature change rate data, introduces outdoor air and pre-treats it, and the pre-treated air is transported to the tunnel and merged into the photovoltaic panel collector for heating.

[0082] To sum up, this embodiment realizes the efficient utilization of solar energy, generates both thermal energy and electrical energy, and improves the energy utilization efficiency; the utilization of thermal energy provides a heat source for the subsequent heating process; the generation of electrical energy meets the electricity demand and reduces the dependence on traditional energy; real-time data acquisition provides a basis for subsequent control; multi-level utilization of thermal energy is realized, and the energy efficiency of the overall system is improved; a stable domestic water supply and floor heating heat source are provided, and the quality of life is improved; through the intelligent control of the air intake volume, the refined management of the air heating process is realized, and the heating efficiency is improved; the pre-treated air ensures the quality of the air entering the tunnel, avoids the influence of pollutants on the system, and improves the stability and efficiency of heating.

[0083] Furthermore, the process of controlling the air intake volume according to the received data in step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0084] Step S31: collect temperature change rate data in real time through multiple sensors distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel collector; synchronously obtain data such as ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed; dynamically adjust the weight of each sensor data according to current environmental data and historical data;

[0085] Step S32: Based on the result of multi-dimensional data fusion, according to the preset fuzzy rule base, the input variables such as temperature change rate and ambient temperature are fuzzified; through the fuzzy reasoning mechanism, the fuzzy output of the air intake volume is generated; through the defuzzification process, the fuzzy output is converted into a specific air intake volume control signal, and sent to the actuator;

[0086] Step S33: monitor the thermal energy output of the photovoltaic panel collector in real time, predict the thermal energy output in the future, and generate a thermal energy curve; based on the prediction results, automatically adjust the air intake in different time periods.

[0087] Preferably, in step S31 of this embodiment, data collection and weight adjustment are performed by using multiple sensors distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel collector to collect temperature change rate data in real time to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of the data; data such as ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed are simultaneously acquired to form a multidimensional data set to provide comprehensive information support for decision-making; the weights of each sensor data are dynamically adjusted according to current environmental data and historical data, so that the system can adapt to environmental changes and improve the flexibility and accuracy of data processing. Significance: It ensures that the system can perceive environmental changes in real time and accurately, and provides a reliable data basis for fuzzy control and air intake adjustment; through dynamic weight adjustment, the system can better cope with complex and changeable environmental conditions and improve the overall control effect. Step S32 fuzzy control and defuzzification, fuzzify input variables such as temperature change rate and ambient temperature, so that the system can handle uncertainty and improve the robustness of control; through the fuzzy reasoning mechanism, generate fuzzy output of air intake, so that the system can make reasonable decisions in complex nonlinear environments; through the defuzzification process, the fuzzy output is converted into a specific air intake control signal to ensure that the actuator can accurately execute the control instruction. Significance: Through fuzzy control technology, the system can still make reasonable control decisions in an environment with high uncertainty and complexity; the defuzzification process ensures the accuracy and executability of the control signal, and improves the control accuracy and stability of the system. Step S33 thermal energy prediction and air intake adjustment, real-time monitoring of the thermal energy output of the photovoltaic panel collector, and predicting the thermal energy output in the future, generating a thermal energy curve, and providing forward-looking information for air intake adjustment; based on the prediction results, the air intake is automatically adjusted in different time periods to ensure that the system can make adjustments in advance according to future thermal energy needs, thereby improving the response speed and efficiency of the system. Significance: Through prediction and automatic adjustment, the system can respond to future changes in thermal energy demand in advance, avoiding efficiency losses caused by passive response; the automatic adjustment mechanism improves the intelligence level of the system, allowing the system to better adapt to dynamically changing environments and improve overall operating efficiency and stability.

[0088] In summary, this embodiment realizes the whole process control from data collection, fuzzy control to automatic adjustment, ensuring the efficient operation of the photovoltaic panel collector. Each step jointly improves the overall performance and adaptability of the system, providing a strong guarantee for achieving efficient and stable energy conversion.

[0089] Furthermore, the process of generating the fuzzy output of the air intake volume in step S32 specifically includes the following steps:

[0090] Step S321: Reasoning the fuzzified input variables according to the rules in the fuzzy rule base; the fuzzy rule base usually contains a series of "if-then" rules, and the rules are combined through fuzzy logic operations to generate a fuzzy output of the air intake volume; for example:

[0091] If the temperature change rate is "high" and the ambient temperature is "low", then the air intake volume is "high";

[0092] If the temperature change rate is "medium" and the ambient temperature is "medium", then the air intake volume is "medium";

[0093] If the temperature change rate is "low" and the ambient temperature is "high", the air intake volume is "low";

[0094] Fuzzy output such as "low air intake", "medium air intake", "high air intake", etc.

[0095] Step S322: Determine the fuzzy output set of the air intake volume according to the result of fuzzy reasoning; for each fuzzy output, calculate its trapezoidal membership function;

[0096] Among them, the expression of the trapezoidal membership function is:

[0097]

[0098] The trapezoidal membership function is defined by four parameters: lower left point (a), upper left point (b), upper right point (c), and lower right point (d); for "low air intake", the parameters can be set to [0, 0, 20, 40]; for "medium air intake", the parameters can be set to [30, 50, 70, 90]; for "high air intake", the parameters can be set to [60, 80, 100, 100];

[0099] Step S323: Calculate the center of gravity of the fuzzy output, and use the calculated center of gravity as a specific air intake control signal to send to the actuator;

[0100] Among them, the calculation formula of center of gravity G is:

[0101]

[0102] In the formula, x i is the fuzzy output value, μ i is its membership degree in the corresponding fuzzy set.

[0103] Preferably, the fuzzy reasoning in step S321 of this embodiment performs fuzzy processing on the input variables (such as the temperature change rate and the ambient temperature) according to the "if-then" rule in the fuzzy rule base, and performs logical operations to generate a fuzzy output of the air intake volume; fuzzy logic allows decision-making in an uncertain or fuzzy environment and can handle complex nonlinear relationships. Significance: Through fuzzy reasoning, the system can dynamically adjust the air intake volume according to the current environmental conditions, improve the adaptability and response speed of the system; fuzzy reasoning enables the system to simulate the human decision-making process and enhance the intelligence level of the system. Step S322 determines the fuzzy output set, and for each fuzzy output (such as "low air intake volume", "medium air intake volume", "high air intake volume"), calculates its trapezoidal membership function and determines its membership within the output range; through the membership function, the range and degree of the fuzzy output can be more accurately described. Significance: The membership function quantifies the fuzzy output so that the fuzzy output can be further processed and interpreted; and provides accurate data support for the decision-making process. Step S323 calculates the center of gravity of the fuzzy output, and converts the fuzzy output into a specific air intake control signal by calculating the center of gravity of the fuzzy output; the center of gravity method is a commonly used defuzzification method that can convert the fuzzy output into a specific numerical value. Significance: The calculated center of gravity can be directly sent to the actuator as a specific air intake control signal to achieve precise control of the air intake; through precise control signals, the stability and reliability of the system are improved.

[0104] In summary, this embodiment optimizes the control strategy of the air intake volume through fuzzy logic and fuzzy reasoning, so that the system can dynamically adjust the air intake volume according to environmental changes, thereby improving the efficiency and performance of the system; the fuzzy control technology enables the system to have a certain intelligent decision-making ability, and can better adapt to complex and changeable environmental conditions, and promote the intelligent upgrade of the system. Through the above specific process, the defuzzification method can convert the fuzzy output into a specific air intake volume control signal to achieve precise control of the air intake volume. It not only improves the response speed and control accuracy of the system, but also can be dynamically adjusted according to real-time data to ensure the stability and efficiency of the system.

[0105] Furthermore, the process of reasoning the fuzzified input variables in step S321 specifically includes the following steps:

[0106] Step S3211: fuzzify the input variables (such as temperature change rate and ambient temperature) through predefined fuzzy sets; each input variable will be mapped to multiple fuzzy sets (such as "high", "medium", "low"), and its membership in each fuzzy set will be calculated;

[0107] Step S3212: According to the "if-then" rule in the fuzzy rule base, the fuzzified input variable is matched with the antecedent (precondition) of the rule; if the membership of the input variable satisfies the antecedent condition of the rule, the rule is activated; for all activated rules, the fuzzy outputs generated by them are combined, and the combination is usually multiplied to determine the final membership of each fuzzy output;

[0108] Step S3213: Defuzzify the combined fuzzy output to obtain a specific numerical output.

[0109] Preferably, in step S3211 of this embodiment, fuzzification processing is performed to map specific input variables (such as temperature change rate and ambient temperature) to predefined fuzzy sets (such as "high", "medium", and "low"); the membership of the input variables in each fuzzy set is calculated, that is, the "degree of membership" of the input variables in different fuzzy sets is determined. Significance achieved: Fuzzification processing can effectively handle the uncertainty of input variables, convert specific numerical values ​​into membership in fuzzy sets, so that the system can better cope with fuzziness and uncertainty in the real world; by converting complex input variables into fuzzy sets, the complexity of subsequent rule matching and reasoning is simplified, making the system easier to understand and design. Step S3212 rule matching and combination, according to the "if-then" rule in the fuzzy rule base, the fuzzified input variables are matched with the antecedents (preconditions) of the rules. If the membership of the input variable meets the antecedent condition of the rule, the rule is activated; for all activated rules, the fuzzy outputs generated by them are combined, and the final membership of each fuzzy output is usually determined by multiplication. Significance achieved: The "if-then" rules in the fuzzy rule base are essentially expressions of expert knowledge. Through rule matching, the system can use this knowledge for reasoning; by combining multiple activated rules, the system can comprehensively consider multiple factors and obtain more comprehensive and accurate outputs. The collaborative approach of multiple rules makes the system more flexible and intelligent when dealing with complex problems. Step S3213 defuzzification processing, defuzzification of the combined fuzzy output, and conversion of the fuzzy membership degree into a specific numerical output. Significance achieved: Defuzzification processing enables the system to output specific numerical results, which can be directly used for decision support, such as control system output, decision system recommendation, etc.; specific numerical output enables the fuzzy reasoning system to better connect with actual application scenarios, such as automatic control systems, intelligent decision systems, etc.

[0110] In summary, the fuzzy reasoning process of this embodiment realizes effective reasoning of fuzzy input variables through the three steps of fuzzification, rule matching and combination, and defuzzification. It can not only handle the uncertainty of input variables, but also utilize expert knowledge and multi-rule collaboration to finally output specific numerical results, providing strong support for practical applications.

[0111] like Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an embodiment of an electronic device. In this embodiment, the electronic device 21 includes a processor 211 and a memory 212 coupled to the processor 211 .

[0112] The memory 212 stores program instructions for implementing the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method of any of the above embodiments.

[0113] The processor 211 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory 212 to carry out the layout of the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system.

[0114] The processor 211 may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The processor 211 may be an integrated circuit chip having the ability to process signals. The processor 211 may also be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor, etc.

[0115] Further, Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the structure of the storage medium of an embodiment of the present application is that the storage medium 22 of the embodiment of the present application stores program instructions 221 capable of implementing all the above methods, wherein the program instructions 221 can be stored in the above storage medium in the form of a software product, including several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, or terminal devices such as a computer, a server, a mobile phone, and a tablet.

[0116] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0117] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. The above is only an implementation mode of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

[0118] The specific implementation methods of the invention are described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the invention is not limited to the specific implementation methods described above. For those skilled in the art, any equivalent modification or substitution of the invention is also within the scope of the invention, therefore, the equalization, modification, improvement, etc. made without departing from the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system, characterized in that: The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system comprises: Photovoltaic waste heat recovery module is used to absorb solar energy and convert it into heat and electricity. The heat energy is used to heat the incoming air, and the electricity is used for domestic electricity after processing. It also collects the solar temperature change rate in real time and outputs the collected temperature change rate data to the tunnel wind module; A hot water module is used to receive the heated air, use the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and output the heated water for domestic use or for floor heating; The tunnel wind module is used to receive data from the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, control the air intake according to the received temperature change rate data, introduce outdoor air into the room, pre-treat the air during the introduction process, and transport the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally merge into the photovoltaic waste heat module along multiple tunnels.

2. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The photovoltaic waste heat recovery module includes: a photovoltaic panel collector and a first air pipeline; Among them, the first air pipeline is divided into two pipelines, one is connected to the air inlet of the photovoltaic panel collector from the bottom, and the other is connected to the air outlet of the photovoltaic panel collector from the bottom. The indoor air enters from the air inlet, and after being heated by the photovoltaic panel collector, the heated air flows out from the air outlet and converges into the hot water module.

3. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Hot water module, including: PVT heat pump, water tank, water pump, hot water pipeline and fan; Among them, the air flows out from the first air pipe at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel collector, passes through the fan to connect to the water tank, and there are two water outlets above the water tank. One is connected to the PVT heat pump and then connected to domestic water after passing through the PVT heat pump; the other is connected to the water inlet of the hot water pipe through the water pump, and then connected to the other water inlet of the water tank after the ground heating cycle.

4. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tunnel air module includes: a second air pipeline, an outdoor air inlet, a tunnel and a fresh air inlet; Among them, the tunnel wind module receives the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic waste heat recovery module, adjusts the air intake volume according to its temperature change rate data, connects with the outside through the outdoor air inlet, and connects with the second air duct through the fresh air outlet after passing through the tunnel.

5. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: Photovoltaic panel collector, including: PV / T collector, sealing plate, air inlet, air outlet, baffle, flow passage; Among them, there is at least one photovoltaic panel collector arranged on the roof, the outermost layer of each photovoltaic panel collector is a PV / T collector, which is wrapped by sealing plates on all sides to form a sealed space; the air inlet is opened at the bottom of the right sealing plate, and the air outlet is opened at the bottom of the left sealing plate; there are multiple flow control panels fixedly installed inside the sealed space, and the flow control panel in the middle part of the sealed space is in the shape of an inverted "earth" from bottom to top, and a flow control panel is installed in its gap, and a flow passage is formed through the obstruction of each flow control panel.

6. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integrated system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The four spoilers are staggered and not located on the same plane; at the same time, the spoiler on the left is inclined toward the air inlet and the air outlet, the spoiler on the right is inclined in the opposite direction of the air inlet and the air outlet, and the spoiler in the middle is inclined from one side of the air inlet to the air outlet.

7. A tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method, applied to the tunnel wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method comprises: Photovoltaic panel collectors absorb solar energy and convert it into heat energy and electrical energy from the air. The heat energy from the air is used to heat the incoming air, and the electrical energy is used for electricity after being processed. The solar temperature change rate is collected in real time and the collected temperature change rate data is output; Among them, the formula for collecting the solar temperature change rate is: In the formula, ΔT(t) represents the solar temperature change rate, in units of ℃ / s, which means the temperature change rate of the photovoltaic panel collector surface at time t, C p It represents the specific heat capacity of air, with the unit of J / (kg·℃), which represents the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of unit mass of air by 1℃. ρ represents the density of air, with the unit of kg / m 3 , represents the mass of air per unit volume, n represents the number of solar radiation sources, represents the total number of solar radiation sources affecting the photovoltaic panel collector, α i It represents the absorption coefficient of the i-th solar radiation source, dimensionless, and represents the absorption capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the i-th solar radiation source, I i (t) represents the radiation intensity of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the radiation energy density of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, θ i (t) represents the incident angle of the i-th solar radiation source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the incident direction of the i-th solar radiation source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. m represents the number of heat loss sources, which represents the total number of sources that affect the heat loss of the photovoltaic panel collector. β j It represents the loss coefficient of the jth heat loss source, dimensionless, and represents the heat loss capacity of the photovoltaic panel collector to the jth heat loss source, U j (t) represents the heat loss intensity of the jth heat loss source at time t, in W / m 2 , represents the heat loss energy density of the jth heat loss source at time t, φ j (t) represents the loss angle of the jth heat loss source at time t, in degrees, and represents the angle between the heat loss direction of the jth heat loss source at time t and the normal line of the photovoltaic panel collector surface. γ represents the thermal conductivity coefficient, in W / (m·℃), and represents the thermal conductivity of the photovoltaic panel collector. Q(t) represents the heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J, and represents the total heat accumulation of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t. It represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t, in J / s, which represents the heat accumulation rate of the photovoltaic panel collector at time t; Receive the heated air, use the heated air to heat the water in the water tank, and output the heated water for domestic use or for floor heating; The system receives the collected solar energy temperature change rate, controls the air intake according to the received data, introduces outdoor air into the room, pre-treats the air during the introduction process, transports the pre-treated air to the tunnel, and finally flows to the photovoltaic panel collector along multiple tunnels for heating.

8. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The process of controlling the air intake volume according to the received data includes: Through multiple sensors distributed on the surface of the photovoltaic panel collector, the temperature change rate data is collected in real time; the ambient temperature, humidity and wind speed data are obtained simultaneously; the weight of each sensor data is dynamically adjusted according to the current environmental data and historical data; Based on the result of multi-dimensional data fusion, the temperature change rate and ambient temperature input variables are fuzzified according to the preset fuzzy rule base; the fuzzy output of the air intake volume is generated through the fuzzy reasoning mechanism; through the defuzzification process, the fuzzy output is converted into a specific air intake volume control signal and sent to the actuator; Monitor the thermal energy output of the photovoltaic panel collector in real time, predict the thermal energy output in the future, and generate a thermal energy curve; based on the prediction results, automatically adjust the air intake in different time periods.

9. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The process of generating the fuzzy output of air intake volume includes: The fuzzy input variables are inferred according to the rules in the fuzzy rule base; the fuzzy rule base contains a series of "if-then" rules, which are combined through fuzzy logic operations to generate fuzzy output of air intake volume; According to the result of fuzzy reasoning, the fuzzy output set of air intake volume is determined; for each fuzzy output, its trapezoidal membership function is calculated; The center of gravity of the fuzzy output is calculated, and the calculated center of gravity is used as a specific air intake control signal and sent to the actuator.

10. The underground wind-coupled photovoltaic-thermal integration method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The process of reasoning about fuzzy input variables includes: The input variables are fuzzified through predefined fuzzy sets; each input variable is mapped to multiple fuzzy sets, and its membership in each fuzzy set is calculated; According to the "if-then" rules in the fuzzy rule base, the fuzzified input variables are matched with the antecedents of the rules; if the membership of the input variables meets the antecedent conditions of the rules, the rule is activated; for all activated rules, the fuzzy outputs generated by them are combined, and the combined product determines the final membership of each fuzzy output; The combined fuzzy output is defuzzified to obtain a specific numerical output.

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