Laminated glass for automobile

Abstract

The present invention relates to a windshield having a configuration in which image light including visible light from a head-up display device mounted in a vehicle is incident from an oblique direction, the windshield comprising: an inner glass plate disposed on the inner side of the vehicle; an outer glass plate disposed facing the inner glass plate and disposed on the outer side of the vehicle; and an intermediate film that joins the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate together. The intermediate film is provided with a reflective film having a reflective surface capable of reflecting the image light, and the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to laminated glass for automobiles. Background Art

[0002] In the past, a head-up display device (HUD device) has been proposed that projects information such as vehicle speed by irradiating image light onto the windshield of a vehicle. When using this HUD device, the driver can check the vehicle speed by viewing the information projected on the windshield instead of the vehicle-mounted instruments such as the speedometer, thereby eliminating the need to significantly move the line of sight forward during driving, which has the advantage of improving driving safety.

[0003] Prior art literature Patent Literature Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-223883 Summary of the invention

[0004] Problems to be solved by the invention When using a HUD device, there have been attempts to improve the visibility of image light by configuring a reflective film that can reflect image light on the intermediate film of the windshield. Figure 6 As shown, since the image light irradiated on the windshield 1 is reflected by the reflective film 135 to generate a visible main image A, and is reflected by the inner surface of the windshield 1 to generate a visible secondary image B, there is a problem that the two images A and B are displayed misaligned, resulting in a ghosting phenomenon in which the image light is difficult to discern.

[0005] An object of the present invention is to provide a windshield that can solve the above-mentioned problem and suppress the discomfort caused by the double image phenomenon.

[0006] Technical solutions to solve problems Item 1: A windshield, wherein the windshield is configured so that image light including visible light from a head-up display device installed in a vehicle is incident from an oblique direction, and has An inner glass panel disposed on the inner side of the vehicle; an outer glass plate disposed opposite to the inner glass plate and disposed on the outer side of the vehicle; and An intermediate film for bonding the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, The intermediate film includes a reflective film having a reflective surface capable of reflecting the image light. The brightness of the image light reflected by the reflection surface increases.

[0007] Item 2: The windshield according to Item 1, wherein the visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate is greater than the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate.

[0008] Item 3: The windshield according to Item 1 or Item 2, wherein the thickness of the inner glass plate is smaller than the thickness of the outer glass plate.

[0009] Item 4: The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 3 above, wherein the total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the inner glass plate is smaller than the total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the outer glass plate.

[0010] Item 5: The windshield according to Item 4, wherein the total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the inner glass plate is less than 0.6 wt%.

[0011] Item 6: The windshield according to Item 4, wherein the total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the outer glass plate is greater than 0.3 wt%.

[0012] Item 7: The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 6, wherein a low reflection layer is disposed on the vehicle interior side surface of the inner glass plate.

[0013] Item 8: The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the interlayer film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The first bonding layer and the second bonding layer contain at least one of an ultraviolet absorber and / or an infrared absorber, and the amount added to the first bonding layer is greater than that added to the second bonding layer.

[0014] Item 9: The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 8, wherein the interlayer film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The first bonding layer contains at least one of an ultraviolet absorber and / or an infrared absorber, and the second bonding layer does not contain an ultraviolet absorber and an infrared absorber.

[0015] Item 10: The windshield according to any one of Items 1 to 9, further comprising an infrared reflection layer disposed on the outer side of the vehicle than the reflection film.

[0016] Item 11: The windshield according to Item 10, wherein the infrared reflection layer is provided on the outer glass plate.

[0017] Item 12: The windshield according to Item 10, wherein the interlayer film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The infrared reflective film is disposed in the first bonding layer.

[0018] Item 13: The windshield according to Item 10, wherein the infrared reflecting layer is composed of multiple layers.

[0019] Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the discomfort caused by the ghost phenomenon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a plan view of an embodiment in which the laminated glass for automobile of the present invention is applied to a windshield.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of .

[0022] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the interlayer film of the first embodiment.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the interlayer film of the second embodiment.

[0024] Figure 5 Figure 2 is an example of a block diagram of an in-vehicle system.

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating ghosting caused by a HUD device.

[0026] Figure 7 The following is a table showing the composition and physical properties of windshields of Examples and Comparative Examples.

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the curve of the reflected light photographs and their color scale values ​​in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] Hereinafter, one embodiment of a windshield according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 This is a plan view of the windshield. Figure 2 for Figure 1 It should be noted that for the sake of convenience, Figure 1 The up and down directions are called "up and down", "vertical" and "longitudinal". Figure 1 The left and right direction is called “left and right”. Figure 1 The windshield is shown as an example when viewed from the inside of a car. Figure 1 The back side of the paper is the outside of the car. Figure 1 The front side of the paper is the inside of the vehicle.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the windshield has a substantially rectangular laminated glass 10, which is arranged on the vehicle body in an inclined state. Moreover, a shielding layer 110 for shielding the view from outside the vehicle is laminated on the inner surface of the laminated glass 10 facing the inside of the vehicle. In addition, a camera 2 with a built-in camera for photographing the conditions outside the vehicle is assembled to the shielding layer 110 through a bracket (omitted in the figure). The shielding layer 110 is provided with a photographing window 113 at a position corresponding to the photographing device 2, and the photographing device 2 can photograph the conditions outside the vehicle through the photographing window 113.

[0030] The image processing device 3 is connected to the photographing device 2, and the captured image obtained by the photographing device 2 is processed by the image processing device 3. The photographing device 2 and the image processing device 3 constitute an in-vehicle system 5, and the in-vehicle system 5 can provide various information to passengers based on the processing status of the image processing device 3.

[0031] Furthermore, a head-up display device (also referred to as a HUD device) 500 is provided in the vehicle. The HUD device 500 is a device that projects information such as vehicle speed onto the windshield by emitting image light of vehicle speed, other characters, graphics, etc. The following describes each component.

[0032] <1. Laminated glass> <1-1. Glass Plate> First, the description will start with the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12. The outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 may be known glass plates, or may be formed of heat radiation absorbing glass, ordinary transparent glass, green glass, dark green glass, or UV green glass. However, these glass plates 11 and 12 need to achieve visible light transmittance in accordance with the safety standards of the country where the car is used. For example, the outer glass plate 11 can ensure the required solar radiation absorptivity, and the inner glass plate 12 can adjust the visible light transmittance to meet the safety standards. An example of transparent glass, heat radiation absorbing glass, and soda-lime glass is given below.

[0033] (clear glass) SiO2: 70-73% by mass Al2O3: 0.6-2.4 mass% CaO: 7-12 mass% MgO: 1.0-4.5% by mass R2O: 13-15 mass% (R is an alkali metal) Total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 (T-Fe2O3): 0.08-0.14 mass% (Heat radiation absorbing glass) For example, the composition of the thermal radiation absorbing glass is, for example, based on the composition of the transparent glass, the proportion of total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted to Fe2O3 is 0.4 to 1.3 mass %, the proportion of CeO2 is 0 to 2 mass %, the proportion of TiO2 is 0 to 0.5 mass %, and the skeleton components of the glass (mainly SiO2 and Al2O3) are the compositions obtained by reducing the increased portions of T-Fe2O3, CeO2 and TiO2 accordingly.

[0034] (Soda-lime glass) SiO2: 65-80% by mass Al2O3: 0-5% by mass CaO: 5-15% by mass MgO: 2 mass% or more NaO: 10-18% by mass K2O: 0-5% by mass MgO + CaO: 5-15% by mass Na2O+K2O:10~20% by mass SO3: 0.05-0.3% by mass B2O3: 0-5% by mass Total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 (T-Fe2O3): 0.02-0.03 mass% (Green glass) SiO2: 65-80% by mass Al2O3: 0-5% by mass CaO: 5-15% by mass MgO: 2 mass% or more NaO: 10-18% by mass K2O: 0-5% by mass MgO + CaO: 5-15% by mass Na2O+K2O:10~20% by mass SO3: 0.05-0.3% by mass B2O3: 0-5% by mass Total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 (T-Fe2O3): 0.4-0.6 mass% (Dark green glass) SiO2: 65-80% by mass Al2O3: 0-5% by mass CaO: 5-15% by mass MgO: 2 mass% or more NaO: 10-18% by mass K2O: 0-5% by mass MgO + CaO: 5-15% by mass Na2O+K2O:10~20% by mass SO3: 0.05-0.3% by mass B2O3: 0-5% by mass Total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 (T-Fe2O3): 0.7-1.3% by mass In each glass plate 11, 12, the visible light transmittance can also be adjusted. For this purpose, by adjusting the content of Fe2O3, for example, the glass plates 11, 12 can be colored to adjust the visible light transmittance. For example, when the content of Fe2O3 increases, it becomes green, forming the above-mentioned green glass or dark green glass. On the other hand, when the content of Fe2O3 is small, it forms the above-mentioned transparent glass.

[0035] The thickness of the laminated glass 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be, for example but not particularly limited to, the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 is set to 2.1 to 6 mm. From the perspective of lightweight, the total thickness of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 is preferably set to 2.4 to 3.8 mm, more preferably 2.6 to 3.4 mm, and particularly preferably 2.7 to 3.2 mm.

[0036] The outer glass plate 11 mainly needs to have durability and impact resistance against damage from the outside. As a car windshield, it needs to have impact resistance against flying objects such as stones. On the other hand, the greater the thickness, the greater the weight, which is not preferred. From this perspective, the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 is preferably 1.8 to 2.3 mm, and more preferably 1.9 to 2.1 mm. The thickness can be determined according to the application of the glass.

[0037] The thickness of the inner glass plate 12 may be equal to that of the outer glass plate 11, but, for example, in order to achieve a lightweight laminated glass 10, the thickness may be smaller than that of the outer glass plate 11. Specifically, in consideration of glass strength, the thickness is preferably 0.6 to 2.0 mm, more preferably 0.8 to 1.6 mm, and particularly preferably 1.0 to 1.4 mm. It is also preferably 0.8 to 1.3 mm. The thickness of each glass plate 11, 12 is described below.

[0038] In addition, as described later, the laminated glass 10 is curved to bulge outward from the vehicle, and the thickness measurement position at this time is two points above and below the center line (curve OP described later) extending in the vertical direction from the center of the laminated glass 10 in the left-right direction. The measuring device may be, but is not particularly limited to, a thickness gauge such as SM-112 manufactured by Teclock Co., Ltd. During the measurement, the laminated glass 10 is arranged so that the curved surface is supported by the flat surface, and the end of the laminated glass 1 is clamped by the thickness gauge.

[0039] <1-2. Interlayer> In the embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate film 13 can be formed in various forms. Two embodiments are described below.

[0040] <1-2-1. First embodiment> like Figure 3 As shown, the intermediate film 13 of the first embodiment includes a transparent first bonding layer 131 bonded to the outer glass plate 11 , a transparent second bonding layer 132 bonded to the inner glass plate 12 , and a reflective film 135 disposed between the bonding layers 131 , 132 .

[0041] The first bonding layer 131 and the second bonding layer 132 are not particularly limited as long as they are bonded to the glass plates 11 and 12 by welding, and can be formed, for example, from polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB), ethylene-vinyl acetate resin (EVA), etc. Generally, the hardness of the polyvinyl acetal resin can be controlled by (a) the degree of polymerization of the starting material polyvinyl alcohol, (b) the degree of acetalization, (c) the type of plasticizer, (d) the addition ratio of the plasticizer, etc.

[0042] The first bonding layer 131 and the second bonding layer 132 before bonding to the glass plates 11 and 12 may be embossed on their surfaces to facilitate extrusion of air when bonding the reflective film 135 or bonding to the glass plates 11 and 12 .

[0043] The thickness of the first bonding layer 131 and the second bonding layer 132 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.001 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm. However, the thicknesses of the two bonding layers 131 and 132 may be the same or different.

[0044] Furthermore, the total thickness of the two bonding layers 131 and 132 is preferably 0.76 mm or more. This is to ensure that the windshield meets the penetration resistance specified in JIS R3211 and R3212, for example.

[0045] The reflective film 135 is not particularly limited, as long as it can be a film that can make the surface facing the inside of the vehicle constitute a reflective surface, reflect the image light irradiated from the HUD device to the windshield to the inside of the vehicle, and improve the visibility of the reflected image. As the reflective film 135 used in the embodiment of the present invention, for example, a hologram film, a scattering reflection system transparent screen, a scattering transmission system transparent screen, a scattering reflection system dimming film, a scattering transmission system dimming film, a reflective film for HUD, a P-polarized reflective film, etc. can be cited. In addition, the intermediate film has a structure in which the reflective surface of the reflective film 135 is substantially parallel to the inside surface of the inner glass plate 12. This is also the same in the second embodiment to be described below.

[0046] <1-2-2. Second embodiment> like Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the intermediate film 13 of the second embodiment is provided with a sound insulation layer 133 instead of the first bonding layer 131 of the first embodiment. The sound insulation layer 133 may have a three-layer structure in which a soft core layer 136 is sandwiched by a pair of harder outer layers 137 and 138. However, the structure is not limited to this, and may be formed by a multilayer structure including a core layer 136 and at least one outer layer disposed on the outer glass plate 11 side.

[0047] The hardness of the core layer 136 is not particularly limited, as long as the texture is softer than the outer layers 137 and 138. The materials constituting each layer 136 to 138 are not particularly limited, but can be selected based on the Young's modulus, for example. Specifically, the Young's modulus of the core layer 136 is preferably 1 to 20 MPa, more preferably 1 to 18 MPa, and particularly preferably 1 to 14 MPa under the conditions of a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20 degrees. Setting it in such a range will prevent the reduction of the sound transmission loss (STL) in the low frequency range below about 3500 Hz. On the other hand, in order to improve the sound insulation performance in the high frequency range, the Young's modulus of the outer layers 137 and 138 is preferably larger, and under the conditions of a frequency of 100 Hz and a temperature of 20 degrees, it can be set to 560 MPa or more, 600 MPa or more, 650 MPa or more, 700 MPa or more, 750 MPa or more, 880 MPa or more, or 1300 MPa or more. The upper limit of the Young's modulus of the outer layer 522 is not particularly limited, but can be set from the perspective of processability. For example, experience has shown that when it is set to 1750 MPa or more, processability, especially cutting, becomes difficult.

[0048] As a specific material, the outer layers 137 and 138 can be made of, for example, polyvinyl butyral resin (PVB). Polyvinyl butyral resin is preferred because of its excellent bonding and penetration resistance with the outer glass plate 11. On the other hand, the core layer 136 can be made of, for example, ethylene vinyl acetate resin (EVA) or polyvinyl acetal resin softer than the polyvinyl butyral resin constituting the outer layers. By sandwiching the soft core layer, the sound insulation performance can be greatly improved while maintaining the bonding and penetration resistance equivalent to a single-layer resin interlayer.

[0049] The thickness of the core layer 136 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 0.6 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of each outer layer 137 , 138 is not particularly limited, but is preferably, for example, 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.0 mm.

[0050] It should be noted that, in both the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the size of the reflective film 135 may be the same as that of the glass plates 11 and 12, or may be formed smaller than the glass plates 11 and 12. For example, the edge of the reflective film 135 may be formed 10 to 20 mm further inside than the edge of the glass plates 11 and 12. In this case, since the peripheral edge of the first bonding layer 131 (or the sound insulation layer 133, the same below) and the second bonding layer 132 can be bonded to each other by high pressure treatment or the like described later to form a whole, the first bonding layer 131 and the second bonding layer 132 may not be distinguished at the peripheral edge. Even in this case, except for the peripheral edge, the first bonding layer 131 is arranged on the side closer to the outer glass plate 11 than the reflective film 135, and the second bonding layer 132 is arranged on the side closer to the inner glass plate 12 than the reflective film.

[0051] In addition, between the glass plate 210 and the glass plate 220 of the two glass plates 11 and 12, in the range that does not impair the effects of the embodiments of the present invention described later, in addition to the intermediate film 13 or inside the intermediate film 13, a film or device having functions such as infrared reflection, light emission, power generation, dimming, visible light reflection, scattering, decoration, absorption, electric heating, etc. may be provided. In addition, a film having functions such as anti-fog, water repellent, heat insulation, low reflection, etc. may be provided on at least one surface of the glass plates 11 and 12.

[0052] <1-2-3. Third embodiment> The intermediate film 13 of the first embodiment may be provided with an infrared reflective layer. The infrared reflective layer may be arranged at a position closer to the outside of the vehicle than the reflective film 135. For example, it may be arranged between the reflective film 135 and the first bonding layer 131, between the first bonding layer 131 and the outer glass plate 11, inside the first bonding layer 131, or at least one of the outer surface of the outer glass plate 11. For example, when the infrared reflective layer is arranged inside the first bonding layer 131, the first bonding layer 131 may be arranged as a multilayer, and the infrared reflective layer may be arranged between any adjacent layers. The infrared reflective layer is not particularly limited as long as it is a thin film that reflects thermal radiation. For example, a multilayer infrared reflective layer may be formed by alternately stacking oxide layers and metal layers (Ag, oxide stacking) on ​​a resin film of a substrate such as PET. However, the infrared reflective layer may also be formed as a single layer. It should be noted that a layer having other functions, such as a protective layer, may also be formed on the main surface that is not in contact with the resin film.

[0053] When the thickness of the inner glass plate 12 is reduced or the Fe2O3 content in the inner glass plate 12 is reduced in order to improve the visible light transmittance, the infrared transmittance of the entire windshield is increased. Therefore, it is technically significant to adopt the above-mentioned composition that can suppress infrared transmission.

[0054] <1-2-4. Fourth embodiment> In the first bonding layer 131 and the second bonding layer 132 of the first embodiment, at least one of an infrared absorber and an ultraviolet absorber is contained in at least the first bonding layer 131 .

[0055] In the intermediate film 13, in order to impart heat insulation, the first bonding layer 131 may contain, for example, oxide particles having a heat radiation blocking function. As oxide particles, tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), etc. may be appropriately used. The content of these oxide particles is preferably 0.13 to 3.0 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the polyvinyl acetal resin constituting the first bonding layer 131. When the content is less than 0.13 parts by weight, it may be difficult to produce an infrared blocking effect; conversely, when the content exceeds 3.0 parts by weight, the transmittance of visible light may be reduced.

[0056] Since the amount of infrared rays reaching the second bonding layer 132 can be reduced in this way, the aging of the second bonding layer 132 can be suppressed, and the light resistance of the entire intermediate film 13 can be improved. Therefore, a high visible light transmittance can be maintained for a long time. Moreover, in the case where the second bonding layer 132 contains a heat-insulating compound such as heat-insulating particles, the aging of the heat-insulating compound can also be suppressed, and a high heat-insulating performance can be maintained for a long time.

[0057] In addition, once the reflective film 135 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, it will undergo significant discoloration and other deterioration in a short period of time. One of the reasons for this is believed to be that part of the atoms constituting the resin composition contained in the reflective film 135 is dissociated by energy such as ultraviolet rays, and the dissociated atoms form molecules. Therefore, the intermediate film 13 preferably contains an ultraviolet shielding material. Examples of the ultraviolet shielding material include platinum particles, palladium particles, compounds having a benzotriazole structure or a benzophenone structure, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and cerium oxide.

[0058] The interlayer film 13 may contain one or more of various additives commonly used in interlayer films for laminated glass, such as ultraviolet absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, adhesion regulators, surfactants, and colorants, as necessary.

[0059] The ultraviolet absorber may be, but is not particularly limited to, benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers such as "TINUVINP", "TINUVIN 320", "TINUVIN 326" and "TINUVIN 328" manufactured by Ciba-Geigy, and one or more thereof may be used as appropriate. The amount of the ultraviolet absorber added is generally about 0.01 to 2% by mass, preferably 0.1 to 1% by mass in each bonding layer 131, 132.

[0060] It should be noted that the ultraviolet absorber and the infrared absorber may be contained only in the first bonding layer 131 . Alternatively, they may be contained in both bonding layers 131 and 132 , but the content of the ultraviolet absorber and the infrared absorber in the first bonding layer 131 is higher than that in the second bonding layer 132 .

[0061] When the thickness of the inner glass plate 12 is reduced or the Fe2O3 content of the inner glass plate 12 is reduced in order to improve the visible light transmittance, the infrared transmittance and ultraviolet transmittance of the entire windshield will be improved. Therefore, it is technically significant to adopt the above structure that can suppress the transmission of ultraviolet rays and infrared rays. In addition, by preventing ultraviolet rays from being transmitted, the aging of the reflective film represented by the P-polarized reflective film can be suppressed.

[0062] <2. Shielding layer> Next, the shielding layer 110 will be described. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the shielding layer 110 is laminated on the inner surface 130 of the laminated glass 10 on the inner side of the vehicle (the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12) and is formed along the peripheral edge of the laminated glass 10. Figure 1As shown, the shielding layer 110 can be divided into a peripheral area 111 along the peripheral portion of the laminated glass 10 and a protruding area 112 protruding downward from the upper edge of the laminated glass 10 in a rectangular shape. The peripheral area 111 shields the incident light from the peripheral portion of the windshield. In addition, when the reflective film 135 is smaller than the glass plates 11 and 12, the peripheral area 111 can be used to hide the peripheral portion. In this way, the glare caused to the driver by sunlight or the like that enters the vehicle from the area where the reflective film 135 is not configured can be reduced. On the other hand, the protruding area 112 is set in such a way that the camera device 2 configured in the vehicle is not visible from the outside of the vehicle.

[0063] However, if the shielding layer 110 blocks the shooting range of the camera 2, the camera 2 cannot capture the conditions outside the vehicle. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, a rectangular camera window 113 is provided in the protruding area 112 of the shielding layer 110 at a position corresponding to the camera 2, so that the camera 2 can capture the conditions outside the vehicle.

[0064] The shielding layer 110 may be laminated on the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12 as described above, or may be laminated on the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 or the outer surface of the inner glass plate 12. Furthermore, the shielding layer 110 may be laminated on both the inner surface of the outer glass plate 11 and the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12.

[0065] Next, the material of the shielding layer 110 will be described. The material of the shielding layer 110 may be appropriately selected according to the embodiment as long as it can shield the view from outside the vehicle, and for example, dark ceramics such as black, brown, gray, and dark blue may be used.

[0066] When black ceramic is selected as the material of the shielding layer 110, the black ceramic is laminated on the peripheral portion of the inner surface 130 of the inner glass plate 12 by, for example, screen printing, and the laminated ceramic is heated together with the inner glass plate 12. In this way, the shielding layer 110 can be formed on the peripheral portion of the inner glass plate 12. In addition, when the black ceramic is printed, a region where the black ceramic is not partially printed is provided. In this way, the photographic window 113 can be formed. It should be noted that the ceramic used for the shielding layer 110 can be made of various materials. For example, the ceramics of the composition shown in Table 1 below can be used for the shielding layer 110.

[0067] [Table 1] *1, Main components: copper oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide and manganese oxide *2, Main ingredients: bismuth borosilicate, zinc borosilicate <3. Vehicle system> Next, refer to Figure 5The vehicle-mounted system 5 including the photographing device 2 and the image processing device 3 will be described. Figure 5 The composition of the vehicle-mounted system 5 is illustrated by way of example. Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle-mounted system 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the above-mentioned photographing device 2 and an image processing device 3 connected to the photographing device 2 .

[0068] The image processing device 3 is a device for processing the captured images collected by the photographing device 2. The image processing device 3 has, as a hardware component, general hardware such as a storage unit 31, a control unit 32, and an input / output unit 33 connected via a bus. However, the hardware component of the image processing device 3 is not limited to this example, and the specific hardware component of the image processing device 3 can be appropriately added, omitted, or added according to the implementation method.

[0069] The storage unit 31 stores various data and programs (not shown) used by the control unit 32 to perform processing. The storage unit 31 can be implemented by, for example, a hard disk, or by a recording medium such as a USB memory. In addition, the corresponding various data and programs stored in the storage unit 31 can also be obtained from a recording medium such as a CD (Compact Disc) or a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc). Moreover, the storage unit 31 can also be called an auxiliary storage device.

[0070] As described above, the laminated glass 10 is arranged in an inclined posture relative to the vertical direction and is curved. Moreover, the photographing device 2 photographs the conditions outside the vehicle through such laminated glass 10. Therefore, the photographed image collected by the photographing device 2 is deformed according to the posture, shape, refractive index, optical defects, etc. of the laminated glass 10. In addition, the aberration inherent to the camera lens of the photographing device 2 is superimposed. Therefore, the storage unit 31 can store correction data for correcting the deformed image caused by the aberration of such laminated glass 10 and the camera lens.

[0071] The control unit 32 includes one or more processors such as a microprocessor or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), and peripheral circuits (ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory) used for processing by the processor. ROM, RAM, etc. can also be called a main storage device because they are configured in an address space processed by the processor in the control unit 32. The control unit 32 functions as an image processing unit 321 by executing various data and programs stored in the storage unit 31.

[0072] The image processing unit 321 processes the captured image collected by the photographic device 2. The processing of the captured image can be appropriately selected according to the implementation method. For example, the image processing unit 321 can also analyze the captured image by pattern matching and other methods to identify the captured object of the captured image. In the implementation method of the present invention, since the photographic device 2 captures the situation in front of the vehicle, the image processing unit 321 can further determine whether a living being such as a human being is captured in front of the vehicle based on the recognition of the captured object. Moreover, when a person is captured in front of the vehicle, the image processing unit 321 can output a warning message according to a predetermined method. In addition, the image processing unit 321 can also perform predetermined processing on the captured image. Moreover, the image processing unit 321 can also output the processed captured image to a display device such as a display connected to the image processing device 3 (not shown).

[0073] The input / output unit 33 is one or more interfaces for sending / receiving data with a device existing outside the image processing device 3. In addition, the input / output unit 33 is, for example, an interface for connecting to a user interface, or an interface such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus). It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the image processing device 3 is connected to the photographing device 2 through the input / output unit 33 and obtains the captured image captured by the photographing device 2.

[0074] As such an image processing device 3 , in addition to a device designed specifically for the provided service, a general-purpose device such as a PC (Personal Computer) or a tablet terminal can be used.

[0075] In addition, the above-mentioned information acquisition device is mounted on a bracket not shown in the figure, and the bracket is mounted on the shielding layer 110. Therefore, in this state, the installation of the information acquisition device on the bracket and the installation of the bracket on the shielding layer are adjusted so that the optical axis of the camera of the information acquisition device passes through the photographic window 113. In addition, a protective cover not shown in the figure is mounted on the bracket to cover the photographic device 2. Therefore, the photographic device 2 is arranged in a space surrounded by the laminated glass 10, the bracket and the protective cover, not only making it impossible to see from the inside of the vehicle, but also only a part of the photographic device 2 can be seen from the outside of the vehicle through the photographic window 113. In addition, the photographic device 2 is connected to the above-mentioned input and output unit 33 through a cable not shown in the figure, and the cable is led out from the protective cover and connected to the image processing device 3 arranged at a predetermined position in the vehicle.

[0076] <4. Solution for suppressing ghosting caused by image light from HUD device> Next, a method for suppressing ghosting caused by image light of a HUD device is described. In an embodiment of the present invention, as a method, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be increased (or the decrease in brightness can be suppressed) so that Figure 6 The main image A shown is easier to recognize than the secondary image B. This will be described below.

[0077] <4-1. Option 1> The thickness of the inner glass plate 12 is set to be smaller than that of the outer glass plate 11. Since a glass plate generally absorbs a portion of light such as image light, if the thickness of the inner glass plate 12 is reduced, the attenuation of the image light reaching the reflective film 135 can be reduced. As a result, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be increased. For example, the thickness of the inner glass plate 12 is generally 2.3 mm, but the inventors have confirmed that when the thickness is set to, for example, about 2.0 mm or less, ghosting can be reduced.

[0078] <4-2. Option 2> The visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate 12 is set to be greater than the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate 11. When the visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate 12 is increased, the attenuation of the image light reaching the reflective film 135 can be reduced. As a result, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be increased. For example, the visible light transmittance of the glass plate 12 is usually 84%, but the inventors have confirmed that when the visible light transmittance is set to 90% or more (corrected), the ghost image can be reduced. As such a combination of glass plates, for example, the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 are both made of green glass, wherein the inner glass plate 12 is green glass with reduced iron oxide content. Alternatively, the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 may be composed of green glass (or dark green glass) and transparent glass, respectively.

[0079] <4-3. Option 3> The distance between the reflective surface of the reflective film 135 and the vehicle outer side surface of the inner glass plate 12 is set to be smaller than the distance between the reflective surface and the vehicle inner side surface of the outer glass plate 12. For example, in the intermediate film 13 of the first embodiment, the thickness of the second bonding layer 132 can be set to be smaller than the thickness of the first bonding layer 131. Since the resin bonding layer usually absorbs part of the light such as the image light, if the thickness of the second bonding layer 132 is reduced, the attenuation of the image light reaching the reflective film 135 can be reduced. In this way, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be increased. The inventors have confirmed that by setting the thickness of the second bonding layer 132 to, for example, less than 0.1 mm, ghosting can be reduced.

[0080] <4-4. Option 4> A low-reflection layer (not shown) is disposed on the inner surface of the inner glass plate 12. In this way, the reflected light from the inner glass plate 12 forming the secondary image can be attenuated, making the secondary image difficult to recognize. As a result, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface is relatively increased. Such a low-reflection layer is not particularly limited, and known products can be used. For example, a low-reflection layer formed of a hollow particle film, a multilayer film, a low refractive index film, etc. can be used.

[0081] <4-5. Option 5> The above-mentioned second embodiment is adopted as the intermediate film 13. In the second embodiment, the sound insulation layer 133 formed of multiple layers is arranged on the side closer to the outer glass plate 11 than the reflective film 135. Since such a sound insulation layer 133 causes attenuation of image light, if it is arranged on the side closer to the outer glass plate 11 than the reflective film 135 rather than on the side closer to the inner glass plate 12, the brightness reduction of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be suppressed.

[0082] It should be noted that the above-mentioned solutions 1 to 5 may also be appropriately combined.

[0083] <5. Method for manufacturing windshield> Next, an example of a method for manufacturing the windshield formed as described above will be described. First, a method for manufacturing the laminated glass 1 will be described.

[0084] First, the shielding layer 110 is laminated on at least one of the flat outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12. Then, the two glass plates 11 and 12 are formed into a curved shape. The forming method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. For example, the flat glass plate can be formed into a curved shape by passing it through a heating furnace and then pressing it with an upper mold and a lower mold. Alternatively, the flat outer glass plate and the inner glass plate are stacked, arranged on a frame-shaped forming mold, and then passed through a heating furnace. In this way, the two glass plates can be softened and formed into a curved shape by their own weight.

[0085] After the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12 are formed into a curved shape, the intermediate film 13 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12, and the intermediate film 13 is placed in a rubber bag and pre-bonded at a temperature of about 70 to 110°C under reduced pressure and suction. At this time, the reflective film 135 constituting the intermediate film 13 and the thin films constituting the bonding layers 131 and 132 are stacked and arranged between the two glass plates 11 and 12. The pre-bonding method may also be a method other than this. For example, the intermediate film 13 is sandwiched between the outer glass plate 11 and the inner glass plate 12, and heated in an oven at a temperature of 45 to 65°C. Then, the laminated glass is squeezed with a press roller under a condition of 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. Then, the laminated glass is heated again in an oven at a temperature of 80 to 105°C, and then squeezed again with a press roller under a condition of 0.45 to 0.55 MPa. In this way, the pre-bonding is completed.

[0086] Then, the laminated glass that has been pre-joined is formally joined in a high-pressure container under conditions such as 8 to 15 atmospheres and 100 to 150° C. Specifically, the formal joining can be performed under conditions such as 14 atmospheres and 145° C. In this way, the laminated glass 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be manufactured.

[0087] <6. Features> According to the windshield, the brightness of the image light reflected by the reflective surface can be increased (or the brightness can be suppressed from decreasing), so the main image A can be more clearly seen than the secondary image B. As a result, the image on the reflective surface can be easily seen through the HUD device and the discomfort can be reduced.

[0088] <7. Modifications> An embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. It should be noted that the following modified examples can also be appropriately combined.

[0089] <7-1> The reflective film 135 may be disposed only in the region irradiated with the image light from the HUD device 500 , or may be disposed in most of the other regions of the glass plates 11 and 12 .

[0090] <7-2> The shape of the shielding layer 110 is an example, and the structure thereof is not particularly limited, and can be changed to an appropriate shape according to the device to be installed, etc.

[0091] <7-3> In the above-mentioned embodiment, the photographing window 113 is provided in the shielding layer 110 and the photographing device 2 is provided, but the photographing window 113 and the photographing device 5 may not be provided.

[0092] <7-4> When the reflective film 135 is smaller than the glass plates 11 and 12, the sunlight entering the vehicle from the peripheral area of ​​the glass plates 11 and 12 where the reflective film 135 is not arranged may cause the driver to feel dazzled. In order to suppress this, the visible light transmittance can be reduced within the legal range by increasing the thickness of the outer glass plate 11 or making it dark. For example, the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate 11 is set to about 73% to 82%.

[0093] Example Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0094] Preparation with Figure 7 The compositions and physical properties of the windshields of Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 are shown. Figure 7 The iron concentration of each glass plate is in wt% and the thickness is in mm. In addition, Tvis is the visible light transmittance (%) and Te is the sunlight transmittance (specified in JIS 3106:2019). It should be noted that a glass plate with a high Te has a higher infrared blocking performance. In addition, since the reflective film will age due to infrared rays, when a glass plate with a high Te is used for the outer glass plate, it will have the advantage of being able to maintain the performance of the reflective film for a long time.

[0095] The reflection brightness of Examples 1 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 was measured. The reflection brightness was measured as follows. The reflected light of the inner glass plate (secondary image B) and the reflected light of the reflective film (primary image A) were photographed, and 256 levels of brightness of the photographed reflected light were defined. It should be noted that since the secondary image C is the reflected light of the outer side surface of the outer glass plate, it is not the subject of evaluation in the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, in the photograph taken, the main image A of Example 1 is clearer than the main image A of Comparative Example 1 in Example 1. In addition, after comparing their brightness, it can be seen that in Example 1, the color gradation value of the main image is above 150, while in Comparative Example 1, the color gradation value is less than 150. This trend is the same in other embodiments and comparative examples. That is, in all embodiments, the color gradation value of the main image A is above 100, and in all comparative examples, the color gradation value of the main image A is below 80. In addition, it is also difficult to see the main image of the comparative example in the photograph taken, and the reflected brightness is considered unqualified.

[0096] Explanation of symbols 1 Windshield 11 Outer glass panel 12 Inner glass panel 13 Intermediate film 131 First bonding layer 132 Second bonding layer 135 Reflective film.

Claims

1. A windshield, characterized in that: The windshield is configured so that image light including visible light from a head-up display device installed in the vehicle is incident from an oblique direction, and the windshield includes: An inner glass panel disposed on the inner side of the vehicle; an outer glass plate disposed opposite to the inner glass plate and disposed on the outer side of the vehicle; and an intermediate film for joining the outer glass plate and the inner glass plate, The intermediate film includes a reflective film having a reflective surface capable of reflecting the image light. The brightness of the image light reflected by the reflection surface increases.

2. The windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visible light transmittance of the inner glass plate is greater than the visible light transmittance of the outer glass plate.

3. The windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the inner glass plate is smaller than the thickness of the outer glass plate.

4. The windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the inner glass plate is less than the total iron oxide converted to Fe2O3 in the composition of the outer glass plate.

5. The windshield according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted into Fe2O3 in the composition of the inner glass plate is less than 0.6wt%.

6. The windshield according to claim 4, characterized in that The total iron oxide (T-Fe2O3) converted into Fe2O3 in the composition of the outer glass plate is greater than 0.3 wt%.

7. The windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that: A low-reflection layer is disposed on the vehicle interior side surface of the inner glass plate.

8. The windshield according to claim 1, wherein: The intermediate film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The first bonding layer and the second bonding layer contain at least one of an ultraviolet absorber and / or an infrared absorber. The amount added in the first bonding layer is greater than the amount added in the second bonding layer.

9. The windshield according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The first bonding layer contains at least one of an ultraviolet absorber and / or an infrared absorber, and the second bonding layer does not contain an ultraviolet absorber and an infrared absorber.

10. The windshield according to claim 1, wherein: The infrared reflection layer is further provided and arranged closer to the outer side of the vehicle than the reflection film.

11. The windshield according to claim 10, characterized in that The infrared reflection layer is disposed on the outer glass plate.

12. The windshield according to claim 10, characterized in that The intermediate film further comprises: a first bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the outer glass plate; and a second bonding layer disposed between the reflective film and the inner glass plate, The infrared reflective film is disposed in the first bonding layer.

13. The windshield according to claim 10, characterized in that The infrared reflection layer is composed of multiple layers.

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