Strawberry cutting seedling raising method in intelligent greenhouse

Abstract

The application discloses a strawberry cutting seedling method in an intelligent greenhouse, which is used for cutting seedling production in a large intelligent greenhouse to complete flower bud differentiation. The greenhouse has a large area, solves the problem of quantity, and is automatically managed, automatically controls temperature and light, and saves time and labor. The intelligent greenhouse strawberry cutting seedling method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a strawberry variety suitable for local production; collecting stem tips for cutting in May, performing low-temperature short-day culture in July, and planting in August; S2, the greenhouse is a Wenlu type glass intelligent greenhouse, and the equipment comprises external sunshade, internal sunshade, side heat preservation, heat preservation quilt, internal heat preservation, high-pressure spraying and ventilation systems; irrigation is a water and fertilizer integrated device, the terminal is a hanging micro-spraying device; environmental control is a comprehensive environmental control system; and the refrigeration equipment is a cold and hot air blower; S3, environmental control; S4, stem tip treatment during cutting; S5, a cutting method; S6, light intensity during cutting seedling growth; and S7, plant protection measures during cutting seedling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of strawberry seedling cultivation technology, specifically relating to a method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse. Background Technology

[0002] Strawberry flower bud differentiation refers to the process by which strawberry seedlings transition from vegetative growth to reproductive growth. Temperature and daylight are the main environmental factors affecting strawberry flower bud differentiation, and their interaction has a significant impact on the differentiation process. Several conditions must be met for strawberry flower bud differentiation to occur: First, adequate light; flower bud differentiation can only begin after 8-12 hours of short-day conditions. Second, adequate temperature; the suitable temperature range for strawberry flower bud differentiation is approximately 10-20℃, while the critical temperature range is 5-25℃. Temperatures should not be too low or too high, otherwise, the proportion of flower buds may be affected. Other conditions include maintaining normal water conditions and avoiding excessive nitrogen fertilizer.

[0003] Flowering will not occur when the temperature is consistently above 25℃. Below 23℃, with more than 12 hours of sunshine, flowering will occur in 10-15 days. At 10-17℃, with short days of 10 hours, flowering will occur in about 9 days. At 5-10℃, flowering will occur regardless of the length of sunshine, so temperature is an important factor.

[0004] Strawberry planting is mostly done from August to October, with seedlings being raised from May to September. This period coincides with the hot summer months, when temperatures in some areas consistently exceed 30°C, which is not suitable for strawberry seedling flower bud differentiation.

[0005] Existing techniques for promoting strawberry seedling differentiation include: First, high-altitude or high-latitude seedling cultivation, with nurseries located in semi-mountain basins above 800m altitude, where the average monthly temperature is 18-22℃ and the minimum temperature is around 15℃. This requires transporting strawberry seedlings to the planting site and then back, increasing the costs of off-site planting and transportation. Second, night-cold short-day seedling cultivation, where strawberry plants receive natural sunlight for photosynthesis during the day and are subjected to low-temperature treatment at night, shortening the daytime to promote flower bud differentiation. This involves potting the seedlings and placing them in a cold storage at night, then removing them during the day, which is cumbersome for production. Third, using a refrigeration unit at the top of a pipe-frame greenhouse and propagating seedlings using sliding, multi-layered racks with nutrient pots placed on them, which is more convenient but limits the number of seedlings that can be produced. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse. This method utilizes a large-scale intelligent greenhouse to produce cuttings and complete flower bud differentiation. The greenhouse area can be large or small, solving the quantity problem. Environmental management is automated, automatically controlling temperature and light, saving time and labor.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0008] A method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse includes the following steps:

[0009] S1. Select strawberry varieties suitable for local production; collect stem tip cuttings for each variety in May, conduct low-temperature short-day culture in July, and transplant in August.

[0010] S2 is a Venlo-style intelligent glass greenhouse equipped with external shading, internal shading, side insulation, insulation blankets, internal insulation, high-pressure spraying, and ventilation systems; irrigation is an integrated water and fertilizer system with hanging micro-sprinklers at the terminal; environmental control is a comprehensive environmental control system; and refrigeration equipment consists of hot and cold air blowers.

[0011] S3, Environmental Control; Utilizing a comprehensive environmental control system in conjunction with manual control.

[0012] Temperature control: May 21 to July 19, daytime temperature 26℃, nighttime temperature 15℃; July 20 to August 5, daytime temperature 24℃, nighttime temperature 10℃;

[0013] Light control measures: From May 21st to 31st, all internal and external shading will be applied from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. From June 1st to 10th, only internal shading will be applied. From June 11th to July 19th, only external shading will be applied. After July 20th, light control measures will be implemented as follows: Sunlight exposure time is from 5:00 AM to 2:00 PM. During this period, external shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 882 umol / s / ㎡, and internal shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 1176 umol / s / ㎡. From 2:00 PM onwards, short-day conditions will be created. Insulation blankets and side insulation will be fully deployed. Internal shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 0 umol / s / ㎡, and closed otherwise. External shading will be applied from 2:00 PM to 7:00 PM when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 0 umol / s / ㎡, and closed after 7:00 PM.

[0014] S4. Stem tip treatment during cutting: Leave 1-2 leaves on the stem tip and place it in a 5℃ cold storage for 7 days. Pay attention to the stem tip to ensure it does not dry out; otherwise, add water. When you see white roots growing out, proceed with the cutting. Before cutting, treat the stem tip with a broad-spectrum fungicide, generally at a dilution of 2000-3000 times, depending on the strength and resistance of the stem tip. Soak the stem tip completely for 2-5 minutes.

[0015] S5, Cutting method: Fill a 21-72 cell tray with substrate, water it thoroughly, and insert the cuttings the next day. Make sure all cuttings are in the same direction, and use a small fork to straighten the stem tip. The depth should be such that the core is not buried. Water thoroughly after inserting the cuttings.

[0016] S6, light intensity during the growth period of cuttings; from May 22 to June 7, the indoor light intensity was high between 12:00 and 15:00, reaching a maximum of 1010.8 umol / s / ㎡, with a maximum shading rate of 67.68%; the highest indoor light intensity was 1553.9 umol / s / ㎡, with a shading rate of about 47% at noon; from July 20 to August 5, the shading rate increased after 15:00, gradually increasing from 15:00, reaching over 82% after 18:00, creating a short-day environment;

[0017] S7, Plant protection measures during the cutting propagation period; Disease and pest prevention and treatment should be carried out approximately every 7 days during the cutting period;

[0018] S8, Fertilization measures during the cutting period: Fertilization is carried out by root irrigation, a total of 5 times during the cutting period, two applications of microbial fertilizer, two applications of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and one application of a general fertilizer containing 20% ​​nitrogen, 20% phosphorus pentoxide, 20% potassium oxide and trace elements.

[0019] S9, substrate moisture; the substrate moisture comes from two sources: watering by hanging spray and watering the roots when fertilizing; the substrate moisture is above 80% from day 1 to 7, 70%-80% from day 8 to 14, and then 50%-60% until planting.

[0020] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred option, select one or more of the following strawberry varieties suitable for local growth: 'Hongyan', 'Xiangye', and 'Fenyu'.

[0021] Based on the above scheme and as the preferred option: irrigation is provided by Spanish integrated water and fertilizer equipment; refrigeration equipment is provided by Guangzhou Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd. YORK fan, model YGFC14VE3SXFXRDG, with 132 coils.

[0022] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred option: Environmental control during the planting of cuttings in step S4; cooling conditions from May 21st to August 5th; daytime temperatures of 26-33℃ and nighttime temperatures of 15-20℃ before July 19th; daytime temperatures of 26-30℃ and nighttime temperatures of 11-20℃ after July 20th; humidity of 85% from May 22nd to 29th, and 60% from May 30th to August 4th.

[0023] Based on the above scheme and as a preferred option: S5, cutting propagation method; using a 32-cell seedling tray filled with substrate.

[0024] The outstanding and beneficial technical effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0025] The strawberry cutting propagation method in the intelligent greenhouse of this invention, compared with the prior art, utilizes an intelligent greenhouse to produce cuttings and complete flower bud differentiation. The large greenhouse area solves the quantity problem, and the automated environmental management, including automatic temperature and light control, saves time and labor.

[0026] Strawberry prices are high before the Spring Festival, 2-5 times higher than after the festival. Generally, strawberry cultivation depends on local climate conditions; planting when the temperature is consistently around 22℃ at night results in late flowering and late fruiting. Intelligent greenhouses can control environmental factors, allowing for the production of seedlings through stem tip cuttings at any temperature, and then planting them under temperature control can advance fruit production by one month.

[0027] The short-day conditions required to promote flower bud differentiation are achieved through a coordinated approach involving external shading, internal shading, side insulation, insulation blankets, and internal insulation, resulting in a shading rate of 80% and keeping internal light levels below the light compensation point. The intelligent greenhouse environment is controllable, allowing for cutting propagation at any time of year. Since prices are high before the Spring Festival, cutting propagation can be initiated as early as April 20th, with planting possible as early as July 1st. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a line graph showing the average outdoor and indoor light intensity at different times according to the present invention, with units of umol / s / ㎡. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments;

[0030] This embodiment 1 provides a method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse, including the following steps:

[0031] S1, select strawberry varieties suitable for local production; for each variety, shoot tip cuttings are collected in May and planted in planting troughs in August, which is a soilless aerial cultivation mode;

[0032] S2 is a Venlo-style intelligent glass greenhouse with an area of ​​116m long, 44m wide, and 6.5m high, totaling 5104m². 2 The equipment includes external shading, internal shading, side insulation, insulation blankets, internal insulation, and high-pressure spraying; irrigation is an integrated water and fertilizer system, with hanging micro-sprinklers at the terminal; environmental control is the Priva greenhouse control system; refrigeration equipment consists of fans; the parameters are: air volume 2380m³ / h. 3 / h, cooling capacity 15.13KW, heating capacity 31.38KW;

[0033] The location is the greenhouse base of Shandong Xinfa Ecological Agriculture in Xiaoliu New Village, Lepingpu Town, Chiping District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province.

[0034] S3, Environmental Control; This involves a combination of control using the Priva greenhouse control system and manual control.

[0035] Temperature control: May 21 to July 19, daytime temperature 26℃, nighttime temperature 15℃; July 20 to August 5, daytime temperature 24℃, nighttime temperature 10℃;

[0036] Light control measures: From May 21st to 31st, all internal and external shading will be applied from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. From June 1st to 10th, only internal shading will be applied. From June 11th to July 19th, only external shading will be applied. After July 20th, light control measures will be implemented as follows: Sunlight exposure time is from 5:00 AM to 2:00 PM. During this period, external shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 882 umol / s / ㎡, and internal shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 1176 umol / s / ㎡. From 2:00 PM onwards, short-day conditions will be created. Insulation blankets and side insulation will be fully deployed. Internal shading will be applied when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 0 umol / s / ㎡, and closed otherwise. External shading will be applied from 2:00 PM to 7:00 PM when outdoor sunlight intensity exceeds 0 umol / s / ㎡, and closed after 7:00 PM.

[0037] Table 1 Temperature and humidity control targets at different stages of strawberry seedling cultivation

[0038]

[0039] S4. Stem tip treatment during cutting: Leave 1-2 leaves on the stem tip and place it in a 5℃ cold storage for 7 days. Pay attention to the stem tip to ensure it does not dry out; otherwise, add water. When you see white roots growing out, proceed with the cutting. Before cutting, treat the stem tip with a broad-spectrum fungicide, generally at a dilution of 2000-3000 times, depending on the strength and resistance of the stem tip. Soak the stem tip completely for 2-5 minutes.

[0040] S5, Cutting method: Fill a 21-72 cell tray with substrate, water it thoroughly, and insert the cuttings the next day. Make sure all cuttings are in the same direction, and use a small fork to straighten the stem tip. The depth should be such that the core is not buried. Water thoroughly after inserting the cuttings.

[0041] S6, light intensity during the growth period of cuttings; from May 22 to June 7, indoor light intensity was highest between 12:00 and 15:00, reaching a maximum of 1010.8 umol / s / ㎡, with a maximum shading rate of 67.68%; the highest indoor light intensity was 1553.9 umol / s / ㎡, with a shading rate of about 47% at noon; from July 20 to August 5, the shading rate increased after 15:00, gradually increasing from 15:00, reaching over 82% after 18:00, creating a short-day environment;

[0042] Table 2 Weekly Average Indoor and Outdoor Light Intensity

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046] Table 3 Average light intensity at different time periods

[0047]

[0048] Right now, Figure 1 The graphs shown are line graphs of average outdoor and indoor light intensity for different time periods, in units of umol / s / m².

[0049] S7, Plant protection measures during the cutting propagation period; Disease and pest prevention and treatment should be carried out approximately every 7 days during the cutting period;

[0050] On June 3rd, the Hongyan variety was infested with beet armyworm, with a disease incidence rate of 10% and a disease severity of 5%. On June 25th, the Xiangye variety was infested with spider mites, with a disease incidence rate of 35% and a damage severity of 10%.

[0051] Powdery mildew was observed in all varieties of cuttings on June 30, with a morbidity rate of 30% and a damage level of 10%.

[0052] Table 4 Plant protection measures during seedling stage

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] S8, Fertilization measures during the cutting period: Fertilization is carried out by root irrigation, a total of 5 times during the cutting period, two applications of microbial fertilizer, two applications of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and one application of a general-purpose fertilizer containing 20% ​​nitrogen, 20% phosphorus pentoxide, 20% potassium oxide and trace elements.

[0056] Table 5. Fertilization Dates and Amounts

[0057]

[0058] S9, substrate moisture; the substrate moisture comes from two sources: watering by hanging spray and watering the roots when fertilizing; the substrate moisture is 80% from day 1 to 7, 70% from day 8 to 14, and 60% thereafter until planting.

[0059] Table 6. Survival rate of seedlings after planting

[0060] Category Varieties Total number of seedlings planted (plants) Number of plants in December (plants) Survival rate (%) Beauty 348363 328330 94.30 Xiangye 124075 119614 96.40 Pink Jade 111233 98399 88.50

[0061] Furthermore, select one or more of the following strawberry varieties suitable for local production: 'Hongyan', 'Xiangye', and 'Fenyu'.

[0062] Furthermore, the irrigation system is an integrated water and fertilizer system from Spain; the refrigeration equipment is a YORK fan from Guangzhou Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment Co., Ltd., model YGFC14VE3SXFXRDG, with 132 coils.

[0063] Furthermore, environmental control measures were implemented during the planting of cuttings. From May 21st to August 5th, the conditions were refrigerated. Before July 19th, daytime temperatures ranged from 26-33℃, and nighttime temperatures from 15-20℃. After July 20th, daytime temperatures ranged from 26-30℃, and nighttime temperatures from 11-20℃. Humidity was 85% from May 22nd to 29th, and 60% from May 30th to August 4th.

[0064] Furthermore, S5, cutting propagation method; using a 32-cell tray filled with substrate.

[0065] Table 7 Comparison of yields of self-grown cuttings and non-self-grown seedlings in 2022 (Unit: kg / 666.67m²) 2

[0066]

[0067] The planting dates for the three varieties were September 15, 2022, and August 5, 2023. The measured yields are the actual harvest yields. Yields were measured in October, November, and December. As shown in the table below, in 2023, Xiangye saw an average yield increase of 139%, Fenyu an increase of 875%, and Hongyan an increase of 1793%.

[0068] This Example 2 illustrates the use of the production seedlings bred in Example 1:

[0069] Jiaxing Jiamei Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. used Hongyan, Xiangye, and Fenyu cultivars developed by Shandong Xinfa to plant strawberry seedlings in Greenhouse No. 4. The strawberries grew vigorously, and as of January 30, 2024, each 666.7m²... 2 The yields of Hongyan, Xiangye, and Fenyu were 244.92, 304.2, and 51.38 kg, respectively.

[0070] Table 8 Production Data

[0071]

[0072] The short-day conditions required to promote flower bud differentiation are achieved through a coordinated approach involving external shading, internal shading, side insulation, insulation blankets, and internal insulation, resulting in a shading rate of 80% and keeping internal light levels below the light compensation point. The intelligent greenhouse environment is controllable, allowing for cutting propagation at any time of year. Since prices are high before the Spring Festival, cutting propagation can be initiated as early as April 20th, with planting possible as early as July 1st.

[0073] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for strawberry propagation by cuttings in an intelligent greenhouse, characterized by: Includes the following steps: S1. Select strawberry varieties suitable for local production; collect stem tip cuttings for each variety in May, conduct low-temperature short-day culture in July, and transplant in August. S2 is a Venlo-style intelligent glass greenhouse equipped with external shading, internal shading, side insulation, insulation blankets, internal insulation, high-pressure spraying, and ventilation systems; irrigation is an integrated water and fertilizer system with hanging micro-sprinklers at the terminal; environmental control is a comprehensive environmental control system; and refrigeration equipment consists of hot and cold air blowers. S3, Environmental Control; Utilizing a comprehensive environmental control system in conjunction with manual control. Temperature control: May 21 to July 19, daytime temperature 26℃, nighttime temperature 15℃; July 20 to August 5, daytime temperature 24℃, nighttime temperature 10℃; Light control measures will be implemented from May 21st to 31st, with both internal and external shading completely blocked from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM. From June 1st to 10th, only internal shading will be blocked. From June 11th to July 19th, only external shading will be blocked. After July 20th, light control measures will be implemented from 5:00 AM to 2:00 PM. During this period, external shading will be implemented when outdoor light intensity exceeds 882 umol / s / ㎡, and internal shading will be implemented when outdoor light intensity exceeds 1176 umol / s / ㎡. To create short-day conditions, start at 2 PM. Fully extend the thermal blankets and side insulation, and extend the inner shading when the outdoor sunlight is greater than 0 umol / s / ㎡, and close it when the sunlight is less than 0 umol / s / ㎡. External shading should be deployed when outdoor sunlight intensity is greater than 0 umol / s / ㎡ from 2 PM to 7 PM, and closed after 7 PM. S4. Stem tip treatment during cutting: Leave 1-2 leaves on the stem tip and place it in a 5℃ cold storage for 7 days. Pay attention to the stem tip to ensure it does not dry out; otherwise, add water. When you see white roots growing out, proceed with the cutting. Before cutting, treat the stem tip with a broad-spectrum fungicide, generally at a dilution of 2000-3000 times, depending on the strength and resistance of the stem tip. Soak the stem tip completely for 2-5 minutes. S5, Cutting method: Fill a 21-72 cell tray with substrate, water it thoroughly, and insert the cuttings the next day. Make sure all cuttings are in the same direction, and use a small fork to straighten the stem tip. The depth should be such that the core is not buried. Water thoroughly after inserting the cuttings. S6, light intensity during the growth period of cuttings; from May 22 to June 7, the indoor light intensity was high between 12:00 and 15:00, reaching a maximum of 1010.8 umol / s / ㎡, with a maximum shading rate of 67.68%; the highest indoor light intensity was 1553.9 umol / s / ㎡, with a shading rate of 47% at noon; from July 20 to August 5, the shading rate increased after 15:00, with the shading gradually increasing from 15:00, reaching over 82% after 18:00, creating a short-day environment; S7, Plant protection measures during the cutting propagation period; pest and disease prevention and treatment should be carried out every 7 days during the cutting period; S8, Fertilization measures during the cutting period: Fertilization is carried out by root irrigation, a total of 5 times during the cutting period, two applications of microbial fertilizer, two applications of water-soluble fertilizer containing amino acids, and one application of a general fertilizer containing 20% ​​nitrogen, 20% phosphorus pentoxide, 20% potassium oxide and trace elements. S9, substrate moisture; the substrate moisture comes from two sources: watering by hanging spray and watering the roots when fertilizing; the substrate moisture is above 80% from day 1 to 7, 70%-80% from day 8 to 14, and then 50%-60% until planting.

2. The method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Choose one or more of the following strawberry varieties that are suitable for local growth: "Hongyan", "Xiangye" and "Fenyu".

3. The method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: Environmental control during the planting of cuttings in step S4: Cooling conditions from May 21 to August 5; daytime temperature 26-33℃ and nighttime temperature 15-20℃ before July 19; daytime temperature 26-30℃ and nighttime temperature 11-20℃ after July 20; humidity 85% from May 22 to 29, and 60% from May 30 to August 4.

4. The method for strawberry cutting propagation in an intelligent greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that: S5, cutting method; use a 32-cell tray filled with substrate.

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