Intramedullary nail main nail and intramedullary nail

Abstract

The main nail of the intramedullary nail comprises a near-end main body, a connecting main body and a far-end main body which are sequentially connected, the near-end main body is provided with a first side and a second side which are opposite, the near-end main body is provided with a first locking hole and a first reconstruction hole, and the first locking hole and the first reconstruction hole penetrate from the first side to the second side; the axis of the first locking hole and the axis of the near-end body intersect to form a first plane, the orthographic projection of the axis of the first reconstruction hole on the end face of the near-end body forms a first projection line, the orthographic projection of the first plane on the end face of the near-end body forms a second projection line, and a first included angle is formed between the first projection line and the second projection line. According to the application, the first projection line and the second projection line are arranged at the first included angle, so that when the first reconstruction hole is bent forward to meet the implantation requirement of the reconstruction lock nail, the first locking hole and the first reconstruction hole do not generate a synchronous forward inclination angle, and then the first locking hole can also meet the implantation requirement of the locking nail.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical technology, and in particular to an intramedullary nail main nail and an intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] Intramedullary nail is a commonly used internal fixation structure in orthopedics, mainly used for the treatment of long tubular fractures, with the advantages of simple surgery, stable structure and less trauma. The intramedullary nail consists of an intramedullary nail main nail and a matching locking nail. The proximal and distal ends of the intramedullary nail main nail are respectively provided with fixation holes adapted for the locking nail. When a femoral neck fracture occurs, the intramedullary nail treatment requires the implantation of a reconstruction locking nail. Clinically, the direction of the reconstruction locking nail is parallel to the axis of the femoral neck, and the position is processed in the center of the femoral head, which can make the fixation more stable. Therefore, it is necessary to design an anteversion angle on the reconstruction hole of the proximal body of the intramedullary nail main nail to conform to the femoral anatomical structure.

[0003] At present, the method to achieve the anteversion design of the reconstruction hole is mainly to twist the main intramedullary nail so that the hole structure at the proximal end of the main intramedullary nail forms an anteversion angle relative to the distal hole structure. However, this anteversion design will cause the reconstruction hole and the locking hole on the proximal body to twist at the same time to form an anteversion angle. Although the reconstruction locking nail is implanted into the appropriate position of the femoral head through the reconstruction hole, the locking nail implanted through the locking hole will also tilt forward, and after tilting forward, it will deviate from the lesser trochanter of the femur, reducing the holding force. Therefore, this anteversion method cannot make the reconstruction hole and the locking hole on the proximal body meet the use requirements at the same time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an intramedullary nail main nail and an intramedullary nail, which can solve the problem that the existing intramedullary nail main nail cannot make the reconstruction hole and the locking hole on the proximal body meet the use requirements at the same time.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides an intramedullary nail main nail, the intramedullary nail main nail comprising a proximal body, a connecting body and a distal body connected in sequence, the proximal body having a first side and a second side opposite to each other, a first locking hole and a first reconstruction hole being formed on the proximal body, the first locking hole and the first reconstruction hole penetrating from the first side to the second side, the first locking hole being used to allow the locking nail to be inserted from the first side, and the first reconstruction hole being used to allow the reconstruction locking nail to be inserted from the first side;

[0006] The axis of the first locking hole and the axis of the proximal body intersect and form a first plane, the orthographic projection of the axis of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body forms a first projection line, the orthographic projection of the first plane on the end surface of the proximal body forms a second projection line, and the first projection line and the second projection line form a first angle.

[0007] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, a second reconstruction hole is opened on the proximal body, the second reconstruction hole and the first reconstruction hole are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the proximal body, the second reconstruction hole passes through from the first side to the second side, the second reconstruction hole is used to allow the reconstruction locking nail to be inserted from the first side, and the orthographic projection of the axis of the second reconstruction hole on the end face of the proximal body forms a third projection line, and the third projection line forms a second angle with the second projection line.

[0008] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, the axis of the first reconstruction hole is parallel to the axis of the second reconstruction hole; or,

[0009] The axis of the first reconstruction hole forms an angle with the axis of the second reconstruction hole, and the axis of the first reconstruction hole does not intersect with the axis of the second reconstruction hole.

[0010] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, a second locking hole is provided on the proximal body, the second locking hole and the first locking hole are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the proximal body, the second locking hole penetrates from the first side to the second side, and the second locking hole is used to allow a locking nail to be inserted from the first side;

[0011] The axis of the second locking hole is located in the first plane; or,

[0012] The orthographic projection of the axis of the second locking hole on the end surface of the proximal body forms a fourth projection line, and the fourth projection line forms a third angle with the second projection line.

[0013] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, the proximal body further has a third side and a fourth side relative to each other, and the distal body is bent from the third side to the fourth side relative to the proximal body; the axis of the first reconstruction hole passes through the second side and then tilts toward the fourth side, and the axis of the first locking hole passes through the second side and then tilts toward the third side.

[0014] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, the first angle is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 15°; or, the first angle is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 30°.

[0015] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, a positioning hole is provided on the distal body, and the positioning hole penetrates the distal body in the radial direction of the distal body; the positioning hole includes a positioning segment and a guide segment connected in sequence along the axial direction of the positioning hole, and the orthographic projection of the guide segment in the axial direction of the positioning hole covers the orthographic projection of the positioning segment in the axial direction of the positioning hole; the guide segment forms a first opening on the surface of the distal body on the side away from the positioning segment, and the maximum value of the width of the first opening in the radial direction of the distal body is L, the maximum value of the length of the first opening in the axial direction of the distal body is D, and the ratio of the maximum value of the width to the maximum value of the length is: 0.8≤L / D≤1.6.

[0016] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the maximum value of the width to the maximum value of the length is: 1<L / D≤1.6.

[0017] In one embodiment, in some embodiments of the present application, the positioning hole also includes a chip removal segment, the chip removal segment is connected to the side of the positioning segment away from the guide segment, and the side of the chip removal segment away from the positioning segment forms a second opening on the surface of the distal body; in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning segment (133), the side wall of the positioning segment (133) has a plurality of first contour lines, and the opening area of ​​the second opening is less than or equal to the area enclosed by the first contour lines.

[0018] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present application further provides an intramedullary nail, the intramedullary nail comprising:

[0019] The intramedullary nail main nail as described in any one of the above items;

[0020] The screw assembly comprises a reconstruction locking nail or a locking nail, wherein the reconstruction locking nail is used to be inserted into the first reconstruction hole and the second reconstruction hole of the main nail of the intramedullary nail, and the locking nail is used to be inserted into the first locking hole and the second locking hole of the main nail of the intramedullary nail.

[0021] In the embodiment of the present application, the main nail of the intramedullary nail comprises a proximal body, a connecting body and a distal body connected in sequence, the proximal body has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, a first locking hole and a first reconstruction hole are opened on the proximal body, the first locking hole and the first reconstruction hole penetrate from the first side to the second side, the first locking hole is used to insert the locking nail from the first side, and the first reconstruction hole is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail from the first side, wherein the axis of the first locking hole intersects with the axis of the proximal body and forms a first plane, the orthographic projection of the axis of the first reconstruction hole on the end face of the proximal body forms a first projection line, the orthographic projection of the first plane on the end face of the proximal body forms a second projection line, and the first projection line and the second projection line form a first angle. In the present application, by setting the first projection line and the second projection line at the first angle, the axis of the first reconstruction hole has a certain forward tilt angle relative to the axis of the first locking hole, so that when the first reconstruction hole is tilted forward to meet the implantation requirements of the reconstruction locking nail, the first locking hole will not generate a synchronous forward tilt angle with the first reconstruction hole, thereby enabling the first locking hole to also meet the implantation requirements of the locking nail. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a main nail of an intramedullary nail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the A area in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 Cross-sectional view from medium AA perspective;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle B area;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 Cross-sectional view from the middle BB perspective;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the middle C area;

[0029] Figure 7It is a schematic diagram of a first reconstruction hole projected to the end surface direction of the proximal body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a second reconstruction hole projected to the end surface direction of the proximal body provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of a first locking hole provided in an embodiment of the present application projected to the end surface direction of the proximal body;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another main nail of an intramedullary nail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Fig.11 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 Cross-sectional view from CC perspective;

[0034] Fig.12 This is a method provided by the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 Cross-sectional view from the EE perspective;

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intramedullary nail provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another intramedullary nail provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 10, intramedullary nail;

[0039] 100, main nail of intramedullary nail; 110, proximal body; 111, first side; 112, second side; 113, third side; 114, fourth side; 115, first locking hole; 1151, first insertion port; 116, second locking hole; 117, first reconstruction hole; 1171, second insertion port; 118, second reconstruction hole; 119, indicator groove; 120, connecting body; 130, distal body; 131, positioning hole; 132, guide section; 1321 , first opening; 133, positioning section; 134, chip removal section; 1341, second opening; 135, fixing hole; M, first plane; P1, axis of the proximal body; P2, axis of the first locking hole; P3, axis of the second locking hole; P4, axis of the first reconstruction hole; P5, axis of the second reconstruction hole; α, first angle; β, second angle; γ, third angle; a, first projection line; b, second projection line; c, third projection line; d, fourth projection line;

[0040] 200, screw assembly; 210, reconstruction locking nail; 220, locking nail; 230, fixation nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application. In the present application, unless otherwise stated, the directional words such as "upper" and "lower" used generally refer to the upper and lower parts of the device in actual use or working state, specifically the drawing direction in the accompanying drawings; while "inside" and "outside" refer to the outline of the device.

[0042] The embodiments of the present application provide an intramedullary nail main nail and an intramedullary nail, which are described in detail below. It should be noted that the description order of the following embodiments is not intended to limit the preferred order of the embodiments.

[0043] First, the embodiment of the present application provides a main intramedullary nail, such as Figure 1 and Fig.10 As shown, the intramedullary nail main nail 100 includes a proximal body 110, a connecting body 120 and a distal body 130 connected in sequence. "Proximal" and "distal" refer to the relative orientation, relative position and direction of components or actions relative to each other from the perspective of a doctor using the intramedullary nail main nail 100, that is, the "proximal" refers to the end of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 close to the doctor during normal operation, and the "distal" refers to the end that first enters the patient's body.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the proximal body 110 has a first side 111 and a second side 112 opposite to each other, and a first locking hole 115 and a first reconstruction hole 117 are provided on the proximal body 110, and the first locking hole 115 and the first reconstruction hole 117 penetrate from the first side 111 to the second side 112, and the first locking hole 115 is used to insert the locking nail 220 from the first side 111, and the first reconstruction hole 117 is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail 210 from the first side 111. That is, when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is implanted into a human body, the first side 111 is the side facing the outside of the human bone, and the second side 112 is the side facing the inside of the human bone.

[0045] It should be noted that when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is used to be implanted in the femur, the first locking hole 115 is used to insert the locking nail 220 into the lesser trochanter of the femur from the first side 111, and the first reconstruction hole 117 is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail 210 into the femoral head of the femur from the first side 111. According to the actual structure of the femur, Figures 2 to 4As shown, when the locking nail 220 is inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur through the first locking hole 115, in order to ensure that the locking nail 220 has sufficient holding force, the locking nail 220 needs to be inserted in an inclined manner from top to bottom, that is, the first locking hole 115 penetrates from the first side 111 to the second side 112 while tilting toward the direction close to the distal body 130; similarly, when the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the femoral head of the femur through the first reconstruction hole 117, in order to ensure that the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the femoral head along the femoral neck, the reconstruction locking nail 210 needs to be inserted in an inclined manner from bottom to top, that is, the first reconstruction hole 117 penetrates from the first side 111 to the second side 112 while tilting toward the direction away from the distal body 130.

[0046] Among them, Figures 4 to 7 As shown, the axis P2 of the first locking hole and the axis P1 of the proximal body intersect and form a first plane M, the orthographic projection of the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a first projection line a, and the orthographic projection of the first plane M on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a second projection line b, and the first projection line a and the second projection line b form a first angle α, that is, the orthographic projection of the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 and the orthographic projection of the axis P2 of the first locking hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 form an angle. When forming the first locking hole 115 and the first reconstruction hole 117, the first locking hole 115 and the first reconstruction hole 117 both pass through the axis P1 of the proximal body, and the axis P2 of the first locking hole and the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole intersect with the axis P1 of the proximal body, that is, the axis P2 of the first locking hole and the axis P1 of the proximal body, and the axis of the first reconstruction hole 117 and the axis P1 of the proximal body can form a plane.

[0047] It should be noted that since the lesser trochanter of the femur and the femoral head of the femur are facing different directions relative to the femoral body of the femur, that is, the three are not in the same plane; if the axis P2 of the first locking hole, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P1 of the proximal body are in the same plane, then when the locking nail 220 is inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur through the first locking hole 115, it cannot be ensured that the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the femoral head of the femur through the first reconstruction hole 117. Similarly, when the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the femoral head of the femur through the first reconstruction hole 117, it cannot be ensured that the locking nail 220 is inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur through the first locking hole 115.

[0048] By setting the first projection line a to form a first angle α with the second projection line b, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole can have a certain forward tilt angle relative to the axis P2 of the first locking hole, so that while the first reconstruction hole 117 satisfies the implantation requirement of the reconstruction locking nail 210 by tilting forward, the first locking hole 115 will not generate a synchronous forward tilt angle with the first reconstruction hole 117, so that the first locking hole 115 can also meet the implantation requirement of the locking nail 220.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present application, the main nail 100 of the intramedullary nail includes a proximal body 110, a connecting body 120 and a distal body 130 connected in sequence. The proximal body 110 has a first side 111 and a second side 112 opposite to each other. A first locking hole 115 and a first reconstruction hole 117 are opened on the proximal body 110. The first locking hole 115 and the first reconstruction hole 117 penetrate from the first side 111 to the second side 112. The first locking hole 115 is used to insert the locking nail 220 from the first side 111, and the first reconstruction hole 117 is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail 210 from the first side 111. The axis P2 of the first locking hole intersects with the axis P1 of the proximal body and forms a first plane M. The orthographic projection of the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a first projection line a. The orthographic projection of the first plane M on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a second projection line b. The first projection line a and the second projection line b form a first included angle α. In the present application, the first projection line a and the second projection line b are set at a first angle α, so that the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole has a certain forward tilt angle relative to the axis P2 of the first locking hole, so that when the first reconstruction hole 117 is tilted forward to meet the implantation requirement of the reconstruction locking nail 210, the first locking hole 115 will not generate a synchronous forward tilt angle with the first reconstruction hole 117, thereby enabling the first locking hole 115 to also meet the implantation requirement of the locking nail 220.

[0050] In some embodiments, Figures 4 to 8As shown, the proximal body 110 is provided with a second reconstruction hole 118, which is sequentially arranged with the first reconstruction hole 117 along the axial direction of the proximal body 110, and the second reconstruction hole 118 runs from the first side 111 to the second side 112. The second reconstruction hole 118 is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail 210 from the first side 111, and the orthographic projection of the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a third projection line c, and the third projection line c and the second projection line b form a second angle β, that is, the orthographic projection of the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 and the orthographic projection of the axis P2 of the first locking hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 form an angle. Among them, the design basis and the role played by the second reconstruction hole 118 are the same as those of the first reconstruction hole 117, and will not be repeated here. By providing the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118 , when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is implanted into the femur, the two reconstruction locking nails 210 can be inserted into the femoral head of the femur from the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118 respectively to improve the fixation effect of the reconstruction locking nails 210 .

[0051] It should be noted that the number of reconstruction holes opened on the proximal body 110 can be designed and adjusted according to actual usage requirements, as long as the stable implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is ensured, and no special restrictions are imposed here.

[0052] In some embodiments, Figure 6 As shown, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole is parallel to the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole, that is, the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118 are arranged in parallel, and the first angle α is equal to the second angle β, so that when the reconstruction locking nail 210 is respectively inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, the two reconstruction locking nails 210 also remain parallel. This arrangement allows the two reconstruction locking nails 210 to be inserted into the femoral head along the extension direction of the femoral neck, so as to ensure that the two reconstruction locking nails 210 are inserted into the middle area of ​​the femoral head and do not pass through the side of the femoral neck.

[0053] In other embodiments, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole is angled with the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole, that is, the first angle α is not equal to the second angle β. When the reconstruction locking nails 210 are respectively inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, the two reconstruction locking nails 210 also form an angle. This arrangement can avoid the "Z" effect between the two reconstruction locking nails 210, that is, avoid one of the reconstruction locking nails 210 moving along the insertion direction toward the femoral head and the other reconstruction locking nail 210 moving along the insertion direction away from the femoral head during use, so as to improve the angular stability of the two reconstruction locking nails 210.

[0054] At the same time, when forming the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, it is necessary to make the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole not intersect, that is, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole are not on the same plane, but are only set at an angle in space, so as to avoid mutual interference between the two reconstruction locking nails 210 when they are respectively inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, thereby ensuring the smooth implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100.

[0055] It should be noted that, since the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole are at an angle, when inserting the reconstruction locking nail 210, it is impossible to insert both reconstruction locking nails 210 along the axis of the femoral neck, and the middle part of the femoral neck is relatively narrow. Therefore, when setting the angle between the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole, it is necessary to consider the actual structure of the femoral neck to avoid the reconstruction locking nail 210 from passing out from the side of the femoral neck when being inserted into the femoral head along the femoral neck.

[0056] In one embodiment, if Figures 4 to 6 As shown, a second locking hole 116 is provided on the proximal body 110, and the second locking hole 116 and the first locking hole 115 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the proximal body 110, and the second locking hole 116 runs through from the first side 111 to the second side 112, and the second locking hole 116 is used to insert the locking nail 220 from the first side 111. Among them, the design basis and the role played by the second locking hole 116 are the same as those of the first locking hole 115, and are not repeated here. By providing the first locking hole 115 and the second locking hole 116, when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is implanted in the femur, the two locking nails 220 can be inserted into the lesser trochanter of the femur from the first locking hole 115 and the second locking hole 116 respectively, so as to improve the fixing effect of the locking nail 220.

[0057] It should be noted that the number of locking holes provided on the proximal body 110 can be designed and adjusted according to actual use requirements, and it is only necessary to ensure the stable implantation of the main intramedullary nail 100, and no special limitation is made here.

[0058] In some embodiments, the axis P3 of the second locking hole is located in the first plane M, that is, the axis P2 of the first locking hole, the axis P3 of the second locking hole and the axis P1 of the proximal body are located in the same plane, so that when the locking nails 220 are respectively inserted into the first locking hole 115 and the second locking hole 116, the two locking nails 220 can be inserted into the same plane of the lesser trochanter of the femur. By adjusting the insertion plane, the two locking nails 220 can be inserted into the middle area of ​​the lesser trochanter to increase the holding force after the locking nail 220 is inserted.

[0059] In other embodiments, Fig. 9As shown, the orthographic projection of the axis P3 of the second locking hole on the end face of the proximal body 110 forms a fourth projection line d, and the fourth projection line d forms a third angle γ with the second projection line b, that is, the axis P3 of the second locking hole has a certain forward tilt angle or backward tilt angle relative to the axis P2 of the first locking hole, and the axis P3 of the second locking hole forms an angle with the axis P2 of the first locking hole in space and does not intersect. This arrangement makes it possible for when the two locking pins 220 are inserted into the lesser trochanter, according to the actual structural differences of the lesser trochanter, there will always be an intermediate area of ​​the two locking pins 220 close to the lesser trochanter, thereby ensuring that the two locking pins 220 have sufficient holding force after being inserted into the lesser trochanter.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the end surface of the proximal body 110 away from the distal body 130 is provided with an indicator groove 119, the indicator groove 119 extends along the axial direction of the proximal body 110, and the indicator groove 119 forms an opening on the first side 111. In addition, the first locking hole 115 forms a first insertion opening 1151 on the first side 111, and the first reconstruction hole 117 forms a second insertion opening 1171 on the first side 111. The opening of the indicator groove 119, the first insertion opening 1151 and the second insertion opening 1171 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the proximal body 110, that is, the opening of the indicator groove 119, the first insertion opening 1151 and the second insertion opening 1171 are coaxially arranged on the first side 111. That is, when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is implanted in the femur, the opening of the indicator groove 119 faces the outside of the femur, and the setting of the indicator groove 119 can play a foolproof role to prevent the operator from implanting the intramedullary nail main nail 100 in the opposite position during operation, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the operation.

[0061] It should be noted that the position of the opening formed by the indicator groove 119 on the surface of the proximal body 110 can be selected and adjusted according to actual design requirements. It is only necessary to ensure that the setting of the indicator groove 119 can serve as an indicator for the implantation direction of the femur, and no special restrictions are made here.

[0062] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the proximal body 110 also has a third side 113 and a fourth side 114 relative to each other, and the distal body 130 is bent from the third side 113 to the fourth side 114 relative to the proximal body 110, that is, when the intramedullary nail main nail 100 is implanted in the femur, the third side 113 is the side of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 close to the lesser trochanter of the femur, and the fourth side 114 is the side of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 close to the femoral head of the femur. Among them, the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole passes through the second side 112 and then tilts toward the fourth side 114 to form an anteversion angle, and the axis P2 of the first locking hole passes through the second side 112 and then tilts toward the third side 113 to form a posterior tilt angle.

[0063] In some embodiments, when the first reconstruction hole 117 is designed to be tilted forward, and the first locking hole 115 is not designed to be tilted backward, the first angle α is the tilted forward angle of the first reconstruction hole 117. At this time, the first angle α can be set to be greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 15°, that is, the tilted forward angle of the first reconstruction hole 117 is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 15°. If the first angle α is too small, the reconstruction locking nail 210 cannot be inserted into the middle area of ​​the femoral head through the first reconstruction hole 117; if the first angle α is too large, when the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117, the reconstruction locking nail 210 may pass through the side of the femoral neck and cannot be effectively inserted into the femoral head.

[0064] In actual use, the first angle α can be set to 5°, 8°, 10°, 12° or 15°, etc. The specific angle value can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs. It only needs to ensure that the design of the first angle α allows the reconstruction locking nail 210 to be inserted into the femoral head along the femoral neck when inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117. No special restrictions are made here.

[0065] In other embodiments, when the first reconstruction hole 117 is designed to be tilted forward and the first locking hole 115 is designed to be tilted backward, the first angle α is the sum of the tilted angle of the first reconstruction hole 117 and the tilted angle of the first locking hole 115. In this case, the first angle α can be set to be greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 30°, that is, the sum of the tilted angle of the first reconstruction hole 117 and the tilted angle of the first locking hole 115 is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 30°. If the first angle α is too small, the locking nail 220 cannot be inserted into the middle area of ​​the lesser trochanter through the first locking hole 115; if the first angle α is too large, the locking nail 220 may pass through the side of the lesser trochanter when inserted into the lesser trochanter through the first locking hole 115, thereby affecting the holding force of the locking nail 220 after insertion.

[0066] In actual use, the first angle α can be set to 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25° or 30°, etc., and the specific angle value can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs. It is only necessary to ensure that the design of the first angle α allows the reconstruction locking nail 210 to be inserted into the femoral head along the femoral neck when inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117, and that the locking nail 220 has sufficient holding force when inserted into the lesser trochanter through the first locking hole 115. No special restrictions are made here.

[0067] In some other embodiments, when the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole and the axis P5 of the second reconstruction hole are at an angle and do not intersect, that is, when the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118 have different anteversion angles, the first angle α can be set to be greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 10°, and the second angle β can be set to be greater than or equal to 10° and less than or equal to 15°. Specifically, the first angle α can be set to 5°, 8°, or 10°, and the second angle β can be set to 10°, 12°, or 15°, etc. The specific angle values ​​can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs. It is only necessary to ensure that the two reconstruction locking nails 210 can be inserted into the femoral head along the femoral neck when inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, and the angular stability of the two reconstruction locking nails 210 can be ensured. No special restrictions are made here.

[0068] In one embodiment, if Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, a positioning hole 131 is provided on the distal body 130, and the positioning hole 131 penetrates the distal body 130 along the radial direction of the distal body 130. During the implantation of the main nail 100 of the intramedullary nail, in order to ensure the accuracy of the implantation position, it is necessary to use a positioning rod or other instruments for positioning. By providing the positioning hole 131 on the distal body 130 and utilizing the cooperation between the positioning hole 131 and the positioning rod, the implantation accuracy of the main nail 100 of the intramedullary nail can be improved.

[0069] The positioning hole 131 includes a positioning section 133 and a guide section 132 which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the positioning hole 131, and the orthographic projection of the guide section 132 in the axial direction of the positioning hole 131 covers the orthographic projection of the positioning section 133 in the axial direction of the positioning hole 131. The positioning section 133 is used to insert the positioning rod, so that the accurate implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 can be achieved through the mutual cooperation between the positioning section 133 and the positioning rod. The guide section 132 is used to improve the fault tolerance of the positioning hole 131 to the positioning rod, so that when there is a misalignment between the positioning rod and the positioning section 133, the positioning rod can slide into the positioning section 133 along the guide section 132, thereby achieving the cooperation between the positioning rod and the positioning section 133.

[0070] Among them, Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, a first opening 1321 is formed on the surface of the distal body 130 at one side of the guide section 132 away from the positioning section 133, the maximum width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is L, the maximum length of the first opening 1321 in the axial direction of the distal body 130 is D, and the ratio of the maximum width to the maximum length is: 0.8≤L / D≤1.6. Specifically, the ratio can be set to 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4 or 1.6, etc., and the specific ratio can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and is not particularly limited here.

[0071] During the implantation process of the intramedullary nail main nail 100, due to the structural characteristics of the human skeleton, the distal body 130 of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 will produce a certain deformation in the radial direction, which will affect the insertion of the guide rod. By increasing the size of the first opening 1321, the tolerance of the positioning hole 131 to the positioning rod can be effectively improved. However, the increase in the size of the first opening 1321 will lead to a decrease in the strength of the distal body 130. The present application optimizes the radial and axial dimensions of the first opening 1321 at the distal body 130, and sets the ratio of the maximum value L of the radial width of the first opening 1321 at the distal body 130 to the maximum value D of the axial length to 0.8≤L / D≤1.6, so that the guide section 132 can adapt to the deformation of the distal body 130 to ensure the positioning tolerance of the positioning hole 131, and at the same time ensure that the distal body 130 has sufficient strength to enable the intramedullary nail main nail 100 to be stably implanted.

[0072] It should be noted that the radial width of the first opening 1321 in the distal body 130 refers to the distance between the two intersection points of the cross section of the distal body 130 perpendicular to the axis and the edge contour of the first opening 1321, and the axial length of the first opening 1321 in the distal body 130 refers to the distance between the two intersection points of the plane where the axis of the distal body 130 is located and the edge contour of the first opening 1321.

[0073] In one embodiment, the ratio of the maximum value L of the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 to the maximum value D of the length of the first opening 1321 in the axial direction of the distal body 130 is: 1<L / D≤1.6, that is, the maximum value L of the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is greater than the maximum value D of the length of the first opening 1321 in the axial direction of the distal body 130. Specifically, the ratio can be set to 1.1, 1.2, 1.4 or 1.6, etc., and the specific ratio can be selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and is not particularly limited here.

[0074] During actual use, the distal body 130 is mainly deformed in the radial direction, that is, the positioning hole 131 is mainly deformed in the radial direction of the distal body 130. By setting L to be greater than D, the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is increased to improve the positioning tolerance of the positioning hole 131. At the same time, the material removal of the first opening 1321 in the axial direction of the distal body 130 can be reduced, thereby further increasing the strength of the distal body 130 itself to ensure the stable implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100.

[0075] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide segment 132, the side wall of the guide segment 132 has a plurality of second contour lines, and the area enclosed by the plurality of second contour lines gradually decreases in a direction away from the first opening 1321, that is, the guide segment 132 is funnel-shaped as a whole, so that when there is a misalignment between the positioning rod and the positioning segment 133, the positioning rod can slide into the positioning segment 133 along the side wall of the guide segment 132, thereby achieving the cooperation between the positioning rod and the positioning segment 133.

[0076] The side wall of the positioning section 133 is formed with threads, and the outer wall of the positioning rod is also formed with threads, so that the positioning rod and the positioning section 133 can be stably matched through the threads. At the same time, in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning section 133, the side wall of the positioning section 133 has a plurality of first contour lines, and the minimum value of the area surrounded by the plurality of second contour lines is greater than or equal to the area surrounded by the first contour lines, that is, the size of the positioning rod matches the size of the positioning section 133, and the guide section 132 is only used to guide the positioning rod to the positioning section 133, and will not interfere with the insertion of the positioning rod.

[0077] In other embodiments, at least a portion of the side wall of the guide section 132 is a concave surface that is recessed in a direction away from the axis of the positioning hole 131. This structural design helps to increase the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide section 132 to improve the tolerance of the guide section 132 to the positioning rod.

[0078] In some embodiments, Fig.11 and Fig.12 As shown, the positioning hole 131 also includes a chip removal segment 134, which is connected to the side of the positioning segment 133 away from the guide segment 132, that is, the chip removal segment 134, the positioning segment 133 and the guide segment 132 are connected in sequence along the axial direction of the positioning hole 131, and the chip removal segment 134 is used to discharge bone chips generated during the insertion of the positioning rod into the positioning segment 133, so as to prevent bone chips from entering the medullary cavity, thereby affecting the patient's healing effect.

[0079] Among them, a second opening 1341 is formed on the surface of the distal body 130 on the side of the chip removal segment 134 away from the positioning segment 133, that is, the second opening 1341 is arranged opposite to the first opening 1321; the opening area of ​​the second opening 1341 is less than or equal to the area surrounded by the first contour line. Since the chip removal segment 134 is mainly used to discharge bone chips generated during use, by setting the opening area of ​​the second opening 1341 to be less than or equal to the area surrounded by the first contour line, it helps to reduce the space occupied by the chip removal segment 134, thereby reducing the material removal of the distal body 130, and then improving the strength of the distal body 130 itself.

[0080] In some embodiments, in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the chip removal segment 134, the side wall of the chip removal segment 134 has a plurality of third contour lines, and the maximum value of the area enclosed by the plurality of third contour lines is less than or equal to the area enclosed by the first contour lines, that is, the overall size of the chip removal segment 134 is smaller than the size of the positioning segment 133, so that while ensuring that the bone chips generated during use can be discharged through the chip removal segment 134, the material removal of the distal body 130 can be further reduced, thereby improving the strength of the distal body 130 itself.

[0081] In other embodiments, the area enclosed by the multiple third contour lines gradually decreases in the direction approaching the second opening 1341, that is, the chip removal segment 134 is funnel-shaped as a whole. This structural design enables the side walls of the chip removal segment 134 to play a certain guiding role, so that bone chips generated during use can be discharged along the side walls of the chip removal segment 134, so as to avoid bone chips entering the medullary cavity, thereby affecting the patient's healing effect.

[0082] In some other embodiments, in the direction close to the second opening 1341, the side wall of the chip removal segment 134 is a slope inclined in the direction close to the axis of the positioning hole 131, that is, the chip removal segment 134 is funnel-shaped as a whole, and the positioning hole 131 as a whole is only provided with threads on one side to reduce material removal and enhance the strength of the distal body 130; by setting the side wall of the chip removal segment 134 as a slope, the guiding effect of the side wall of the chip removal segment 134 can be further enhanced, thereby facilitating the rapid discharge of bone chips generated during use.

[0083] In some embodiments, the maximum value of the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is: 4mm≤L≤12mm. If the maximum value of the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is too small, the positioning hole 131 will have a low tolerance for the positioning rod, which is not conducive to the mutual cooperation between the positioning rod and the positioning hole 131; if the maximum value of the width of the first opening 1321 in the radial direction of the distal body 130 is too large, too much material of the distal body 130 will be removed, resulting in too low strength of the distal body 130 itself.

[0084] In the actual manufacturing process, the maximum value of the radial width of the first opening 1321 in the distal body 130 can be set to 4mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm or 12mm, etc. The specific width value can be designed and adjusted according to actual needs. It is only necessary to ensure that the positioning hole 131 has sufficient tolerance for the positioning rod while ensuring the strength of the distal body 130 itself. No special restrictions are made here.

[0085] In some embodiments, a plurality of fixing holes 135 are provided on the distal body 130. The fixing holes 135 penetrate the distal body 130 in the radial direction of the distal body 130. The axis of the fixing hole 135 forms an angle with the axis of the positioning hole 131. The positioning hole 131 is located on the side of the plurality of fixing holes 135 close to the proximal body 110. The fixing holes 135 are used to insert the fixing nails 230 so as to facilitate the locking of the distal body 130 with the human skeleton. By setting the axis of the fixing hole 135 to form an angle with the axis of the positioning hole 131, and setting the positioning hole 131 on the side of the plurality of fixing holes 135 close to the proximal body 110, it is possible to avoid interference with the process of inserting the fixing nail 230 into the fixing hole 135 when the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole 131, thereby affecting the effective implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100.

[0086] In other embodiments, the positioning hole 131 can be located between two adjacent fixing holes 135, and the axis of the fixing hole 135 forms an angle with the axis of the positioning hole 131, so that when the positioning rod is inserted into the positioning hole 131, it will not interfere with the process of inserting the fixing nail 230 into the fixing hole 135. Among them, the setting position of the positioning hole 131 relative to the fixing hole 135 can be selected and adjusted according to actual design requirements, and it is only necessary to ensure that the setting of the positioning hole 131 can position the positioning rod while not interfering with the process of inserting the fixing nail 230 into the fixing hole 135, and no special restrictions are made here.

[0087] Secondly, an embodiment of the present application also provides an intramedullary nail, which includes an intramedullary nail main nail. The specific structure of the intramedullary nail main nail refers to the above embodiment. Since the intramedullary nail adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0088] like Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the intramedullary nail 10 includes an intramedullary nail main nail 100 and a screw assembly 200, the screw assembly 200 includes a reconstruction locking nail 210 or a locking nail 220, the reconstruction locking nail 210 is used to be inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118 of the intramedullary nail main nail 100, and the locking nail 220 is used to be inserted into the first locking hole 115 and the second locking hole 116 of the intramedullary nail main nail 100. Among them, the reconstruction locking nail 210 and the locking nail 220 are not used at the same time, and need to be selected according to the specific location where the fracture occurs. When a fracture occurs at the location of the femoral neck, the reconstruction locking nail 210 is inserted into the first reconstruction hole 117 and the second reconstruction hole 118, and inserted into the femoral head along the direction of the femoral neck; when a fracture occurs in the corresponding area of ​​the lesser trochanter, the locking nail 220 is inserted into the first locking hole 115 and the second locking hole 116, and inserted into the lesser trochanter to achieve the implantation of the intramedullary nail 10.

[0089] Specifically, Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the main nail 100 for the intramedullary nail includes a proximal body 110, a connecting body 120 and a distal body 130 connected in sequence, the proximal body 110 has a first side 111 and a second side 112 opposite to each other, a first locking hole 115 and a first reconstruction hole 117 are opened on the proximal body 110, the first locking hole 115 and the first reconstruction hole 117 penetrate from the first side 111 to the second side 112, the first locking hole 115 is used to insert the locking nail 220 from the first side 111, and the first reconstruction hole 117 is used to insert the reconstruction locking nail 210 from the first side 111, wherein the axis P2 of the first locking hole intersects with the axis P1 of the proximal body and forms a first plane M, the orthographic projection of the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a first projection line a, the orthographic projection of the first plane M on the end surface of the proximal body 110 forms a second projection line b, and the first projection line a and the second projection line b form a first included angle α. In the present application, the first projection line a and the second projection line b are set at a first angle α, so that the axis P4 of the first reconstruction hole has a certain forward tilt angle relative to the axis P2 of the first locking hole, so that when the first reconstruction hole 117 is tilted forward to meet the implantation requirement of the reconstruction locking nail 210, the first locking hole 115 will not generate a synchronous forward tilt angle with the first reconstruction hole 117, thereby enabling the first locking hole 115 to also meet the implantation requirement of the locking nail 220.

[0090] In addition, if Fig.13 and Fig.14 As shown, the screw assembly 200 also includes a fixing nail 230, which is used to be inserted into the fixing hole 135 of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 to lock the distal body 130 of the intramedullary nail main nail 100. Through the mutual cooperation of the fixing nail 230 and the reconstruction locking nail 210 or the locking nail 220, the overall stable implantation of the intramedullary nail main nail 100 can be achieved.

[0091] The above is a detailed introduction to an intramedullary nail main nail and an intramedullary nail provided in the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. An intramedullary nail main nail (100), characterized in that: The intramedullary nail main nail (100) comprises a proximal body (110), a connecting body (120) and a distal body (130) connected in sequence, the proximal body (110) having a first side (111) and a second side (112) opposite to each other, the proximal body (110) being provided with a first locking hole (115) and a first reconstruction hole (117), the first locking hole (115) and the first reconstruction hole (117) penetrating from the first side (111) to the second side (112), the first locking hole (115) being used for inserting a locking nail (220) from the first side (111), and the first reconstruction hole (117) being used for inserting a reconstruction locking nail (210) from the first side (111); The axis (P2) of the first locking hole and the axis (P1) of the proximal body intersect and form a first plane (M), the orthographic projection of the axis (P4) of the first reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body (110) forms a first projection line (a), the orthographic projection of the first plane (M) on the end surface of the proximal body (110) forms a second projection line (b), and the first projection line (a) and the second projection line (b) form a first angle (α).

2. The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal body (110) is provided with a second reconstruction hole (118), and the second reconstruction hole (118) and the first reconstruction hole (117) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the proximal body (110), and the second reconstruction hole (118) passes through from the first side (111) to the second side (112), and the second reconstruction hole (118) is used to allow the reconstruction locking nail (210) to be inserted from the first side (111), and the orthographic projection of the axis (P5) of the second reconstruction hole on the end surface of the proximal body (110) forms a third projection line (c), and the third projection line (c) forms a second angle (β) with the second projection line (b).

3. The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that: The axis (P4) of the first reconstruction hole is parallel to the axis (P5) of the second reconstruction hole; or, The axis (P4) of the first reconstruction hole and the axis (P5) of the second reconstruction hole form an angle, and the axis (P4) of the first reconstruction hole and the axis (P5) of the second reconstruction hole do not intersect.

4. The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal body (110) is provided with a second locking hole (116), the second locking hole (116) and the first locking hole (115) are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the proximal body (110), the second locking hole (116) penetrates from the first side (111) to the second side (112), and the second locking hole (116) is used to allow a locking nail (220) to be inserted from the first side (111); The axis (P3) of the second locking hole is located in the first plane (M); or, The orthographic projection of the axis (P3) of the second locking hole on the end surface of the proximal body (110) forms a fourth projection line (d), and the fourth projection line (d) forms a third angle (γ) with the second projection line (b).

5. The main intramedullary nail (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The proximal body (110) further comprises a third side (113) and a fourth side (114) opposite to each other, and the distal body (130) is bent from the third side (113) to the fourth side (114) relative to the proximal body (110); the axis (P4) of the first reconstruction hole is inclined toward the fourth side (114) after passing through the second side (112), and the axis (P2) of the first locking hole is inclined toward the third side (113) after passing through the second side (112).

6. The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first angle (α) is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 15°; or, the first angle (α) is greater than or equal to 5° and less than or equal to 30°.

7. The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal body (130) is provided with a positioning hole (131), and the positioning hole (131) penetrates the distal body (130) in the radial direction of the distal body (130); the positioning hole (131) comprises a positioning section (133) and a guide section (132) which are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the positioning hole (131), and the orthographic projection of the guide section (132) in the axial direction of the positioning hole (131) covers the orthographic projection of the positioning section (133) in the axial direction of the positioning hole (131); a first opening (1321) is formed on the surface of the distal body (130) on the side of the guide section (132) away from the positioning section (133), and the maximum value of the width of the first opening (1321) in the radial direction of the distal body (130) is L, and the maximum value of the length of the first opening (1321) in the axial direction of the distal body (130) is D, and the ratio of the maximum value of the width to the maximum value of the length is: 0.8≤L / D≤1.

6.

8. The main intramedullary nail (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio of the maximum value of the width to the maximum value of the length is: 1<L / D≤1.

6.

9. The main intramedullary nail (100) according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: The positioning hole (131) further comprises a chip removal segment (134), wherein the chip removal segment (134) is connected to a side of the positioning segment (133) away from the guide segment (132), and a second opening (1341) is formed on the surface of the distal body (130) on the side of the chip removal segment (134) away from the positioning segment (133); in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the positioning segment (133), the side wall of the positioning segment (133) has a plurality of first contour lines, and an opening area of ​​the second opening (1341) is less than or equal to an area enclosed by the first contour lines.

10. An intramedullary nail (10), characterized in that: The intramedullary nail (10) comprises: The intramedullary nail main nail (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The screw assembly (200) comprises a reconstruction locking nail (210) or a locking nail (220), wherein the reconstruction locking nail (210) is used to be inserted into the first reconstruction hole (117) and the second reconstruction hole (118) of the intramedullary nail main nail (100), and the locking nail (220) is used to be inserted into the first locking hole (115) and the second locking hole (116) of the intramedullary nail main nail (100).

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