Ball screw motion system for numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ball screws, in particular to a ball screw movement system for a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a fixed slide rail, a workbench, a driving motor, a screw assembly, a translation mechanism and an adjusting assembly, the fixed sliding rail is installed on the numerical control machine tool, the workbench is installed on the fixed sliding rail, the driving motor is installed in the middle of one end of the fixed sliding rail, the lead screw assembly is installed at the output end of the driving motor, the translation mechanism is installed on the lead screw assembly, and the adjusting assembly is installed in the translation mechanism. The driving motor drives the lead screw assembly to rotate, the translation mechanism achieves translation under the limiting action of the workbench and the fixed sliding rail, and balls in the translation mechanism pass through a spiral channel formed between the matched groove and the spiral groove and then are guided by the fixed baffle to pass through the passing groove and the ball channel to achieve circulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ball screws, and in particular to a ball screw motion system for a numerically controlled machine tool. Background Art

[0002] A ball screw is a mechanical transmission device that transmits motion and force through rolling elements (balls). It consists of a screw, a nut, and a ball, which uses the ball to roll between the screw and the nut, thereby reducing friction and improving transmission efficiency. When the screw rotates, the ball rolls in the thread grooves of the nut and the screw, thereby converting rotary motion into linear motion. Because the ball rolls between the two, the friction of the ball screw is greatly reduced compared to traditional sliding friction, thereby improving mechanical efficiency and precision. The transmission efficiency of the ball screw is high, and the common mechanical efficiency can reach more than 90%. Compared with ordinary sliding screws, the ball screw greatly reduces energy loss due to the existence of rolling friction. Ball screws can achieve high-precision position control through precise manufacturing and pre-tightening devices, so they are suitable for application scenarios that require precise positioning. Due to the low friction loss of ball screws, their service life is longer than that of traditional screws, and they are more suitable for long-term, high-load working environments. CNC machine tools require precise processing of workpieces, and ball screws can provide extremely high positioning accuracy to ensure the accuracy of processing. In the feed system of CNC machine tools, ball screws can effectively convert the motor's rotary motion into linear motion, and have high transmission efficiency, reducing energy loss and improving production efficiency. The working conditions of CNC machine tools are usually harsh, and ball screws have strong load capacity and can work for a long time under high load. Due to its high structure and manufacturing precision, ball screws can maintain stable performance for a long time and reduce the maintenance requirements of equipment. In summary, ball screws have become an indispensable transmission element in CNC machine tools due to their high efficiency, precision and durability.

[0003] However, the self-locking performance of ball screws is poor, that is, without external braking, the load may cause the nut to move along the screw. This is an important difference between ball screws and sliding screws. In modern CNC machine tools, the accuracy requirements for the feed distance of ball screws are constantly increasing to ensure that the accuracy of the products processed by the machine tools is improved.

[0004] For example, the Chinese authorized patent "Ball screw motion system for CNC machine tools" with application number CN201610619095.4 includes: a moving groove and a moving part, wherein parallel guide slides are provided on both sides of the moving groove, and the lower edge of the moving part is provided with two guide grooves for the guide slides to be embedded in order to realize the guided movement of the moving part relative to the moving groove. A screw rod is also provided in the moving groove, and a driving motor for driving the screw rod to rotate is also provided at one end thereof. A nut is provided in the middle part of the lower edge of the moving part, and the nut surrounds the screw rod and a plurality of balls are provided therebetween, so that the nut is driven to move by the rotation of the screw rod, thereby driving the moving part to move. The invention also includes a control system and a monitoring component. Therefore, the present invention is easy to operate, stable in movement, and high in movement accuracy, thereby improving the processing quality rate.

[0005] Although the above-mentioned existing technology has certain progress, it does not solve the problem of poor self-locking performance of the ball screw, and cannot improve the accuracy of the ball screw driving the worktable to move. The specific data of the screw assembly is designed according to the accuracy requirements of different CNC machine tools, and the motor power-on time for different feed distances is calculated.

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the above technical problems, the present invention designs a ball screw motion system for CNC machine tools to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The technical purpose to be achieved by the present invention is to provide a ball screw motion system for CNC machine tools, which adds a self-locking function and significantly improves the accuracy of the system.

[0008] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A ball screw motion system for a numerical control machine tool comprises a fixed slide rail, a worktable, a drive motor, a screw assembly, a translation mechanism and an adjustment assembly. These components together constitute a complex and precise transmission system, which can achieve high-precision positioning and movement on the numerical control machine tool. The fixed slide rail is one of the basic components of the system. It is installed on the numerical control machine tool and provides a stable foundation and a moving track. The worktable is fixed on the slide rail as a platform for carrying the workpiece. The cooperation between the fixed slide rail and the worktable ensures that the worktable can move smoothly along the slide rail and can withstand various loads generated during the work process. The drive motor is the power source of the system and is installed at one end of the fixed slide rail. Through electric drive, the motor can drive the screw assembly to rotate. The screw assembly is installed at the output end of the drive motor and is responsible for converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion. The screw assembly is the core of the ball screw transmission system. Through its threaded structure and the translation mechanism, the movement of the translation mechanism can be accurately controlled. The translation mechanism is installed above the screw assembly and is driven by the rotational motion of the screw. The translation mechanism achieves precise linear translation through its internal structure, in coordination with the limiting function of the workbench and the fixed slide rail. At the same time, the translation mechanism contains balls, which form a spiral channel through the cooperation between the grooves and the spiral grooves, so that the balls can circulate in the channel. The circulation of the balls not only reduces friction loss, but also improves the transmission efficiency and accuracy of the system. The adjustment component is installed inside the translation mechanism to ensure that the workbench can be accurately moved to the predetermined position. The ball screw motion system for CNC machine tools drives the screw assembly through the motor to drive the translation mechanism to achieve smooth linear motion under the constraint of the fixed slide rail. The cyclic motion of the balls in the spiral channel greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the system, enabling it to meet the requirements of CNC machine tools for high precision and high stability.

[0010] The screw assembly is composed of multiple key components, including a rotating shaft, spiral grooves, positioning holes and contact arc surfaces. First of all, the rotating shaft is the core of the entire screw assembly. It is installed at one end of the drive motor and plays the role of transmitting the rotational motion of the motor to the screw system. Spiral grooves are precisely opened on the surface of the rotating shaft. These grooves play a vital role in the transmission process of the screw, which can convert rotational motion into translational motion and ensure the smooth circulation of the balls in the system. Positioning holes are also provided on the surface of the rotating shaft between the spiral grooves. These holes are located at the intervals of the grooves and are used to accurately position other components to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission system. The contact arc surface is the annular surface of the positioning hole and the outer edge of the rotating shaft. Its smooth design can not only reduce friction, but also optimize the contact between the screw assembly and other components, making the system more efficient and stable during operation.

[0011] The translation mechanism includes multiple key components, namely a translation sleeve, a mounting block, a mounting groove, an adjustment hole and a positioning assembly. These components work together to ensure the smooth operation of the system. First, the translation sleeve is installed on the outside of the screw assembly to play a supporting and translational role. There are two mounting blocks, which are respectively fixed on both sides of the translation sleeve, thereby enhancing the stability of its structure. A mounting groove is provided on the side of the mounting block, and the cross-sectional shape of the groove is designed to be T-shaped to better fix and guide the movement of the assembly. There are also two mounting grooves, which ensure a left-right symmetrical installation layout and improve the balance and reliability of the translation system. The positioning assembly is installed in the adjustment hole. By adjusting the positioning assembly, the position of the translation mechanism can be accurately controlled to meet different operating requirements and ensure a smooth and precise motion trajectory during operation.

[0012] The translation sleeve is composed of a matching groove, a mounting groove and a ball channel, and has a precise structural design. First, the matching groove is located on the inner surface of the translation sleeve, which plays a guiding and supporting role to ensure close fit with other components. The mounting groove is located on one side of the matching groove, and its design is a spiral distribution, which can make the installation process more stable and adapt to the rotational motion requirements of the system. The ball channel is set on the upper part of the translation sleeve to provide a circulation path for the ball, ensuring that the ball slides smoothly during the transmission process, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and transmission accuracy of the translation system.

[0013] The positioning assembly is composed of a support spring and a positioning block, which work together to ensure the precise positioning and stability of the system. The support spring is installed in the installation slot to play a supporting and buffering role. It can be adjusted appropriately according to the stress conditions of the system to ensure the flexibility and accuracy of the positioning block. The positioning block is installed under the support spring. Its design is unique. The top surface is an arc-shaped structure with a protrusion in the middle and concave on the four sides. This shape not only enhances the stability of the positioning block when it contacts other components, but also effectively reduces friction, ensuring positioning accuracy while extending the service life of the component. This structural design improves the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0014] The adjustment component is composed of an adjustment block, a through slot and a limit baffle, and is exquisitely designed to accurately control the movement of the translation mechanism. The adjustment block is installed inside the translation mechanism, and plays a role of adjustment and balance, ensuring that it can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs during the translation process. The through slot is opened on the side of the adjustment block, serving as a channel for components such as balls, making the movement inside the system smoother. The limit baffle is fixed to the outer surface of the adjustment block. Its main function is to limit the movement range of the adjustment block, prevent excessive displacement, and ensure the stability and safety of the system during operation. Through the close cooperation of various parts, the adjustment component makes the operation of the entire translation mechanism more precise and reliable.

[0015] The lower end of the adjustment block is designed as an annular part with a smaller radius. This design allows the adjustment block to rotate and move more flexibly, while reducing the contact area, thereby reducing friction and improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the adjustment. The design of the oblique opening of the groove helps the ball or other transmission components to pass more smoothly on the inclined surface, reduce jamming, and optimize the transmission efficiency and stability of the system. The top of the limit baffle is set to a triangle. This shape can better guide the limiting action of the adjustment block, provide more accurate positioning, and prevent the adjustment block from exceeding the preset range, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system. The overall design improves the performance and reliability of the system.

[0016] In CNC machine tools with different requirements, different precisions are required for the screw assembly. The precision is determined by the accuracy value. The accuracy value is the minimum distance within the controllable range. The vertical distance between adjacent positioning holes is set to z, the precision value of the screw assembly is y, the pitch of the spiral groove is set to p, and the angle between adjacent positioning holes is set to θ. Then the precision value y of the screw assembly satisfies the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] Through the above formula, it can be known that the precision value y of the screw assembly is determined by setting the pitch of the spiral groove to p and the angle between adjacent positioning holes to θ, and the pitch of the spiral groove to p and the angle between adjacent positioning holes to θ can be modified by changing the specific values ​​of each positioning hole of the spiral groove.

[0019] The distance the workbench moves forward is set to L, and the rotation angle of the rotation axis is set to v, then v satisfies the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] From the above formula, it can be known that the distance L that the workbench moves forward is determined by the rotation angle v of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is fixedly mounted on the driving motor, and the rotation angle of the driving motor is the rotation angle v of the rotating shaft.

[0022] The single power-on time of the driving motor is set to t (seconds), and the speed of the driving motor is set to n (r / min). Then the distance L advanced by the workbench satisfies the following formula:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025] Through the above derivation, it can be known that when the workbench advancement distance and precision value need to be determined, the driving motor can be energized for a fixed time according to its rotation speed to achieve the required advancement distance. In addition, in view of the different precision values ​​required by different CNC machine tools, different screw assemblies can be set, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and use costs while ensuring the precision value. The self-locking function can also be realized to ensure the stability of the workbench in the process of cooperating with the CNC machine tool.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present invention significantly improves the accuracy of the system by adding a self-locking function on the basis of the existing ball screw transmission system, bringing the following benefits: Preventing accidental rotation: The self-locking function can effectively prevent the screw from rotating in the opposite direction due to load or external force when the system stops moving, thereby ensuring that the workbench or other components remain in the preset position, improving the safety and reliability of the system. Improving positioning accuracy: The self-locking function enables the ball screw system to have better position retention capabilities when stopped, eliminating displacement errors caused by inertia or reverse clearance, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of the overall system, which is particularly important in high-precision processing scenarios. Reduce energy consumption: In traditional ball screw systems, continuous application of power may be required to maintain a certain position, while the self-locking function can automatically maintain the position after the power stops, reducing unnecessary motor energy consumption and improving the energy efficiency of the system. Reduce maintenance requirements: The self-locking function can effectively reduce the wear pressure of the system and extend the service life of the equipment, thereby reducing the frequency and cost of subsequent maintenance.

[0028] 2. The present invention designs specific data of the screw assembly according to the accuracy requirements of different CNC machine tools, and calculates the motor power-on time for different feed distances, which brings the following benefits: According to the requirements of different CNC machine tools, the design parameters of the screw assembly can be flexibly adjusted to ensure that the system can meet the accuracy requirements of various processing tasks. Whether it is high-precision processing or conventional processing, the system can provide customized solutions to improve the applicability of the equipment. By accurately calculating the relationship between the feed distance and the motor power-on time, it is ensured that the motor only runs within the necessary time, avoiding the energy waste caused by the long-term operation of the motor, thereby improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system and the overall operation economy. The precise matching of the motor power-on time and the feed distance enables the system to efficiently complete the task every time it is operated, reducing excessive or insufficient adjustment time. This optimization can speed up the processing process and improve production efficiency. Since the motor working time is accurately calculated, the motor is avoided from running unnecessarily for a long time, the wear of the motor and the screw assembly is reduced, and the service life of the equipment is extended, thereby reducing maintenance requirements and costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] The above and other aspects of the present invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the lead screw assembly, the translation mechanism and the adjustment assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lead screw assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the translation mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the translation sleeve of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the positioning assembly of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating component of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. Fixed slide rail; 2. Workbench; 3. Drive motor; 4. Screw assembly; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Spiral groove; 43. Positioning hole; 44. Contact arc surface; 5. Translation mechanism; 51. Translation sleeve; 511. Matching groove; 512. Mounting groove; 513. Ball channel; 52. Mounting block; 53. Mounting groove; 54. Adjustment hole; 55. Positioning assembly; 551. Support spring; 552. Positioning block; 6. Adjustment assembly; 61. Adjustment block; 62. Through groove; 63. Limit baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0041] like Figure 1-8As shown, a ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool includes a fixed slide rail 1, a workbench 2, a drive motor 3, a screw assembly 4, a translation mechanism 5 and an adjustment assembly 6. These components together constitute a complex and precise transmission system that can achieve high-precision positioning and movement on a CNC machine tool. The fixed slide rail 1 is one of the basic components of the system. It is installed on the CNC machine tool and provides a stable foundation and a moving track. The workbench 2 is fixed on the slide rail as a platform for carrying the workpiece. The cooperation between the fixed slide rail 1 and the workbench 2 ensures that the workbench 2 can move smoothly along the slide rail and can withstand various loads generated during the work process. The drive motor 3 is the power source of the system and is installed at one end of the fixed slide rail 1. Through electric drive, the motor can drive the rotation of the screw assembly 4. The screw assembly 4 is installed at the output end of the drive motor 3 and is responsible for converting the rotational motion of the motor into linear motion. The screw assembly 4 is the core of the ball screw transmission system. Through its threaded structure, it cooperates with the translation mechanism 5 to accurately control the movement of the translation mechanism 5. The translation mechanism 5 is installed above the screw assembly 4 and is driven by the rotational motion of the screw. The translation mechanism 5 cooperates with the limiting function of the workbench 2 and the fixed slide rail 1 through its internal structure to achieve precise linear translation. At the same time, the translation mechanism 5 contains balls, which form a spiral channel through the cooperation between the groove and the spiral groove 42, so that the balls can circulate in the channel. The circulation of the balls not only reduces the friction loss, but also improves the transmission efficiency and accuracy of the system. The adjustment component 6 is installed inside the translation mechanism 5 to ensure that the workbench 2 can be accurately moved to the predetermined position. The ball screw motion system for CNC machine tools drives the screw assembly 4 through the motor, driving the translation mechanism 5 to achieve smooth linear motion under the constraint of the fixed slide rail 1. The cyclic motion of the balls in the spiral channel greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the system, enabling it to meet the requirements of CNC machine tools for high precision and high stability.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the screw assembly 4 is composed of multiple key components, including a rotating shaft 41, a spiral groove 42, a positioning hole 43 and a contact arc surface 44. First, the rotating shaft 41 is the core of the entire screw assembly 4, which is installed at one end of the drive motor 3 and plays the role of transmitting the rotational motion of the motor to the screw system. Spiral grooves 42 are precisely opened on the surface of the rotating shaft 41. These grooves play a vital role in the transmission process of the screw, which can convert the rotational motion into translational motion and ensure the smooth circulation of the balls in the system. Positioning holes 43 are also provided on the surface of the rotating shaft 41 between the spiral grooves 42. These holes are located at the intervals of the grooves and are used to accurately position other components to ensure the stability and accuracy of the transmission system. The contact arc surface 44 is an annular surface of the positioning hole 43 and the outer edge of the rotating shaft 41. Its smooth design can not only reduce friction, but also optimize the contact between the screw assembly 4 and other components, making the system more efficient and stable during operation.

[0043] like Figure 4-5 As shown, the translation mechanism 5 includes a plurality of key components, namely, a translation sleeve 51, a mounting block 52, a mounting groove 53, an adjustment hole 54 and a positioning assembly 55. These components work together to ensure the smooth operation of the system. First, the translation sleeve 51 is installed on the outside of the screw assembly 4, which plays a supporting and translational role. There are two mounting blocks 52, which are respectively fixed on both sides of the translation sleeve 51, thereby enhancing the stability of its structure. A mounting groove 53 is provided on the side of the mounting block 52, and the cross-sectional shape of the groove is designed to be T-shaped so as to better fix and guide the movement of the assembly. There are also two mounting grooves 53, which ensure a left-right symmetrical installation layout and improve the balance and reliability of the translation system. The positioning assembly 55 is installed in the adjustment hole 54. By adjusting the positioning assembly 55, the position of the translation mechanism 5 can be accurately controlled to meet different operating requirements and ensure a smooth and accurate motion trajectory during operation.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the translation sleeve 51 is composed of a matching groove 511, a mounting groove 512 and a ball channel 513, and the structure is precisely designed. First, the matching groove 511 is located on the inner surface of the translation sleeve 51, which plays a guiding and supporting role to ensure close fit with other components. The mounting groove 512 is located on one side of the matching groove 511, and is designed to be spirally distributed, which can make the installation process more stable and adapt to the rotational motion requirements of the system. The ball channel 513 is set on the upper part of the translation sleeve 51 to provide a circulation path for the balls, ensuring that the balls slide smoothly during the transmission process, thereby greatly improving the working efficiency and transmission accuracy of the translation system.

[0045] like Figure 7As shown, the positioning assembly 55 is composed of a support spring 551 and a positioning block 552, which work together to ensure the precise positioning and stability of the system. The support spring 551 is installed in the mounting groove 512, and plays a supporting and buffering role. It can be appropriately adjusted according to the stress conditions of the system to ensure the flexibility and accuracy of the positioning block 552. The positioning block 552 is installed under the support spring 551. Its design is unique. The top surface is an arc-shaped structure with a protrusion in the middle and recessed on the four sides. This shape not only enhances the stability of the positioning block 552 when it contacts other components, but also effectively reduces friction, ensuring positioning accuracy while extending the service life of the components. This structural design improves the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the adjustment component 6 is composed of an adjustment block 61, a through slot 62 and a limit baffle 63, and is exquisitely designed to accurately control the movement of the translation mechanism 5. The adjustment block 61 is installed inside the translation mechanism 5, and plays a role of adjustment and balance, ensuring that it can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs during the translation process. The through slot 62 is opened on the side of the adjustment block 61, serving as a channel for components such as balls, making the movement inside the system smoother. The limit baffle 63 is fixed on the outer surface of the adjustment block 61, and its main function is to limit the movement range of the adjustment block 61, prevent excessive displacement, and ensure the stability and safety of the system during operation. The adjustment component 6 makes the operation of the entire translation mechanism 5 more precise and reliable through the close cooperation of various parts.

[0047] The lower end of the adjustment block 61 is designed as an annular part with a smaller radius. This design allows the adjustment block 61 to rotate and move more flexibly, while reducing the contact area, thereby reducing friction and improving the accuracy and sensitivity of the adjustment. The design of the oblique opening of the slot 62 helps the ball or other transmission components to pass more smoothly on the inclined surface, reduce jamming, and optimize the transmission efficiency and stability of the system. The top of the limit baffle 63 is set to a triangle. This shape can better guide the limiting action of the adjustment block 61, provide more accurate positioning, and prevent the adjustment block 61 from exceeding the preset range, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the system. The overall design improves the performance and reliability of the system.

[0048] In CNC machine tools with different requirements, different precisions are required for the screw assembly 4. The precision is determined by the accuracy value. The accuracy value is the minimum distance within the controllable range. The vertical distance between adjacent positioning holes 43 is set to z, the precision value of the screw assembly 4 is y, the pitch of the spiral groove 42 is set to p, and the angle between adjacent positioning holes 43 is set to θ. Then the precision value y of the screw assembly 4 satisfies the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] Through the above formula, it can be known that the precision value y of the screw assembly 4 is determined by the pitch setting of the spiral groove 42 to p and the angle setting between adjacent positioning holes 43, and the pitch setting of the spiral groove 42 to p and the angle setting between adjacent positioning holes 43 can both be achieved by changing the specific values ​​of the spiral groove 42 and the positioning hole 43.

[0051] The distance the workbench 2 moves forward is set to L, and the rotation angle of the rotation axis 41 is set to v, then v satisfies the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] From the above formula, it can be known that the distance L that the workbench 2 moves forward is determined by the rotation angle v of the rotating shaft 41, and the rotating shaft 41 is fixedly mounted on the driving motor 3, and the rotation angle of the driving motor 3 is the rotation angle v of the rotating shaft 41.

[0054] The single power-on time of the driving motor 3 is set to t (seconds), and the speed of the driving motor 3 is set to n (r / min). Then, the distance L advanced by the workbench 2 satisfies the following formula:

[0055]

[0056]

[0057] Through the above derivation, it can be known that when the advancement distance and precision value of the workbench 2 need to be determined, the driving motor 3 is energized for a fixed time according to its rotation speed, so as to achieve the required advancement distance. In addition, in view of the different precision values ​​required by different CNC machine tools, different screw assemblies can be set, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and use costs while ensuring the precision value. The self-locking function can also be realized to ensure the stability of the workbench 2 in the process of cooperating with the CNC machine tool.

[0058] Before the present invention works, the accuracy required by the matching CNC machine tool is first determined, and then the values ​​of the spiral groove 42 in the screw assembly are reversely calculated by the above formula, and the screw assembly 4 that has been processed and meets the conditions is processed or selected, and installed on the drive motor 3;

[0059] The driving motor 3 drives the lead screw assembly 4 to rotate. Since the translation mechanism 5 is limited in displacement direction by the workbench 2, the translation mechanism 5 can only move forward and backward in the direction of the fixed slide rail 1. The balls roll in the spiral groove 42 and the matching groove 511, thereby reducing the friction generated by the contact between the lead screw assembly 4 and the translation mechanism 5, and the cycle continues under the control and adjustment of the adjustment assembly 6.

[0060] The support spring 551 in the positioning assembly 55 is kept in a compressed state under the action of the extrusion force. When the lead screw assembly 4 stops rotating, the positioning block 552 stays in the positioning hole 43, thereby ensuring that the feeding distance of the workbench 2 is sufficiently accurate.

[0061] According to the rotation speed of the driving motor 3 and the required forward distance, the CNC machine tool will calculate the power-on time and energize the driving motor 3, thereby realizing the fixed distance forward movement of the workbench 2.

[0062] Various modifications to the present disclosure will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be given the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Although one or more exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises a fixed slide rail (1), a workbench (2), a driving motor (3), a screw assembly (4), a translation mechanism (5) and an adjustment assembly (6); the fixed slide rail (1) is installed on a numerically controlled machine tool, the workbench (2) is installed on the fixed slide rail (1), the driving motor (3) is installed in the middle of one end of the fixed slide rail (1), the screw assembly (4) is installed on the output end of the driving motor (3), the translation mechanism (5) is installed on the screw assembly (4), and the adjustment assembly (6) is installed inside the translation mechanism (5); the driving motor (3) drives the screw assembly to rotate, and the translation mechanism (5) is translated under the limiting action of the workbench (2) and the fixed slide rail (1), and the balls inside the translation mechanism (5) pass through the spiral channel formed between the matching groove (511) and the spiral groove (42), and are then guided by the fixed baffle plate to pass through the groove (62) and the ball channel (513) to realize circulation.

2. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screw assembly (4) comprises a rotating shaft (41), a spiral groove (42), a positioning hole (43) and a contact arc surface (44); the rotating shaft (41) is mounted on one end of the driving motor (3); the spiral groove (42) is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft (41); the positioning hole (43) is formed on the surface of the rotating shaft (41) between the spiral grooves (42); and the contact arc surface (44) is an outer annular surface of the positioning hole (43) and the rotating shaft (41).

3. The ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation mechanism (5) comprises a translation sleeve (51), a mounting block (52), a mounting groove (53), an adjustment hole (54) and a positioning assembly (55); the translation sleeve (51) is mounted on the outside of the screw assembly (4); two mounting blocks (52) are provided, which are respectively installed on the sides of the translation sleeve (51); the mounting groove (53) is provided on the side of the mounting block (52); the cross-sectional shape of the mounting groove (53) is set to be T-shaped; two mounting grooves (53) are provided; and the positioning assembly (55) is installed in the adjustment hole (54).

4. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The translation sleeve (51) comprises a matching groove (511), a mounting groove (512) and a ball channel (513); the matching groove (511) is provided on the inner surface of the translation sleeve (51), the mounting groove (512) is provided on one side of the matching groove (511), the mounting groove (512) is arranged to be spirally distributed, and the ball channel (513) is provided on the upper part of the translation sleeve (51).

5. The ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning assembly (55) comprises a supporting spring (551) and a positioning block (552); the supporting spring (551) is installed in the installation groove (512), the positioning block (552) is installed below the supporting spring (551), and the top surface of the positioning block (552) is configured as an arc surface with a convex middle and concave four sides.

6. The ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (6) comprises an adjustment block (61), a through slot (62) and a limit baffle (63); the adjustment block (61) is installed inside the translation mechanism (5), the through slot (62) is opened on the side of the adjustment block (61), and the limit baffle (63) is installed on the outer surface of the adjustment block (61).

7. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the regulating block (61) is configured as an annular portion with a smaller radius, the through groove (62) is opened obliquely, and the top end of the limit baffle (63) is configured as a triangle.

8. The ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical distance between adjacent positioning holes (43) is set to z, the precision value of the screw assembly (4) is y, the pitch of the spiral groove (42) is set to p, and the angle between adjacent positioning holes (43) is set to θ, then the precision value y of the screw assembly (4) satisfies the following formula:

9. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The distance that the workbench (2) moves forward is set to L, and the rotation angle of the rotation axis (41) is set to v, and v satisfies the following formula:

10. A ball screw motion system for a CNC machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: The single power-on time of the driving motor (3) is set to t (seconds), and the rotation speed of the driving motor (3) is set to n (revolutions per minute), then the distance L advanced by the workbench (2) satisfies the following formula:

Images