Lightweight scraper assembly of self-loading and unloading garbage truck

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of urban sanitation vehicles, and particularly relates to a self-loading and unloading garbage truck lightweight scraper assembly which comprises a plate body, a swing plate, a baffle, a first hydraulic oil cylinder and a second hydraulic oil cylinder. And a semi-open top cover is arranged at the top of the compartment body and covers the front half part of the compartment body. The two sliding seats are installed on the guide rails and can move relative to the guide rails. The first hydraulic oil cylinder drives the swing plate and the plate body to turn over, and the swing plate and the plate body avoid an inclined back plate on the rear portion of the compartment body when turning over. Two second hydraulic oil cylinders are arranged on the rear portion of the compartment body, piston rods of the second hydraulic oil cylinders are hinged to the sliding seats, and the second hydraulic oil cylinders push the sliding seats, the supporting frame and the plate body to move along the guide rails. The garbage truck is arranged outside the carriage body, the occupied space of the carriage body is reduced, the structure is more stable and light, and the load needing to be borne by the garbage truck is reduced. Garbage can be compressed through the scraper, the garbage loading capacity is effectively improved, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of urban sanitation vehicles, and in particular relates to a lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck. Background Art

[0002] A self-loading garbage truck is a vehicle specially used for garbage collection and transportation, which has the function of automatically loading and unloading garbage. This type of garbage truck is designed with a mechanical device. Through the mechanical arm or lifting device on the body, the garbage truck can automatically load the garbage from the garbage bin into the car body, and then automatically unload it after transporting it to the designated location, which can improve the efficiency of garbage collection, reduce the intensity of manual labor, and ensure the safety of operators.

[0003] The scraper of a self-loading garbage truck is a key cleaning and unloading device in the compartment. It is usually used to push the garbage in the compartment to the rear to facilitate the loading of garbage. The scraper is usually designed as a wide flat plate structure that covers the bottom of the compartment. The scraper is connected to a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod to achieve forward and backward translation. Using a scraper to load garbage can prevent garbage from accumulating at the rear of the compartment and compress the garbage.

[0004] At present, there are two main types of scrapers for self-loading and unloading garbage trucks. One structure is fixed inside the car body with the help of guide rails. This structure is relatively complex, occupies space in the car body, and is easily stuck by garbage, causing overload, and requires maintenance.

[0005] Another structure is set on the top of the garbage compartment, and the scraper cylinder drives the scraper. This structure is relatively common, such as China's invention patent CN113501237A, a ash unloading scraper for garbage trucks, CN116119217A, a scraper device for self-loading and unloading garbage trucks, and China's utility model patent CN205441618U, a scraper compression device for rear-loading self-loading and unloading garbage trucks, all of which use the method of pushing the scraper to rotate to a preset angle. However, this scraper only has the function of rotating to push the material, and the garbage is pushed backwards by pushing the material, and the compression efficiency is low; and in the process of pushing the material, the garbage is easily brought out of the box, resulting in a small garbage loading capacity and low work efficiency for the self-loading and unloading garbage truck. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that the scraper of the existing self-loading and unloading garbage truck has a relatively complex internal structure, and the top part only has the function of rotating and shifting materials, which cannot effectively compress the garbage, resulting in a small garbage loading capacity and low working efficiency. The present invention provides a lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck, which has a stable structure and a light weight, and the entire assembly performs a cyclic reciprocating motion therein to play the role of compressing the garbage; it can effectively increase the garbage loading capacity and improve working efficiency.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck, comprising a plate body, a swing plate, a baffle, a first hydraulic cylinder, and a second hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] A semi-open top cover is arranged on the top of the box body, and the semi-open top cover covers the front half of the box body; two guide rails are symmetrically arranged on the top of the box body;

[0009] There are two slides, which are installed on the guide rails. The slides can move relative to the guide rails. The slides are connected by a support frame, and the support frame is covered with a baffle. The support frame and the baffle are located above the semi-open top cover and can overlap with the semi-open top cover when moving.

[0010] Two swing plates are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the plate body, and two hinge points are set at the tail of the swing plate. The two hinge points and the vertex of the front part of the scraper form an acute triangle. The lower part of the swing plate tail is hinged to the front part of the baffle plate, and the upper part of the swing plate tail is hinged to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder; there are two first hydraulic cylinders, which are symmetrically arranged. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the baffle plate or the sliding seat. The first hydraulic cylinder drives the swing plate and the plate body to flip. When the swing plate and the plate body flip, they avoid the inclined back plate at the rear of the compartment.

[0011] Two second hydraulic cylinders are arranged at the rear of the compartment, the piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinders are hinged to the slide seat, and the second hydraulic cylinders push the slide seat, the support frame and the plate body to move along the guide rail.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments of the scraper assembly, wherein the plate body is a steel plate, the plate body is L-shaped, and a plurality of evenly arranged reinforcing ribs are arranged on the upper surface of the plate body, the reinforcing ribs are arranged along the width direction of the plate body, are wide at the rear and narrow at the front, and the rear of the reinforcing ribs are inserted and welded at the rear flange of the plate body; transverse square tubes are welded between the plurality of reinforcing ribs.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments of the scraper assembly, wherein two or more triangular wedges are arranged on the lower surface of the plate body, and the triangular wedges are made of steel plates bent into a triangular shape to increase the pressure of the plate body and make the pressure on the garbage more uniform.

[0014] According to another embodiment of the present invention or a scraper assembly of any of the aforementioned embodiments, the guide rail is a channel steel with an opening facing outward, the slide seat is arranged on the outer side of the guide rail, and a plurality of sliders or rollers are arranged on the inner side of the slide seat, and the sliders or rollers are embedded in the grooves of the channel steel.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments of the scraper assembly, wherein the support frame includes a plurality of cross-connected hollow rectangular tubes, and the hollow rectangular tubes are interlocked and welded with each other.

[0016] According to another embodiment of the present invention or any of the aforementioned embodiments, the scraper assembly further includes an articulated seat, two of which are fixedly connected to the guide rail or the car body, and the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the articulated seat.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] 1. The lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention is arranged outside the compartment to reduce the space occupied by the compartment. The hollow square tube welding frame is adopted, and the outer thin steel plate skin is made. The structure is strengthened by the triangular wedge, the reinforcing rib plate and the like, so that the structure is more stable and light, and the load required to be borne by the garbage truck is reduced;

[0019] 2. Compared with the conventional rotating "material-digging" form, the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck described in the present invention can compress the garbage through the scraper, effectively increase the garbage loading capacity, and improve work efficiency; the triangular wedge is used to enhance the garbage grabbing and compacting effect, so that the pressure on the garbage is more uniform and the compression is tighter, which helps to reduce the gaps between the garbage.

[0020] 3. The guide rail, slide seat and slider structure of the present invention can be suitable for frequent movement; the scraper is flipped and moved by two sets of hydraulic cylinders, which has a buffering effect, very smooth movement, small impact and vibration, can withstand greater complexity, high compression rate and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a garbage truck in which the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention is located;

[0022] Figure 2 A side view schematic diagram of a garbage truck in which the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention is located;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention when garbage enters;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention before compression or when transporting garbage;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention after being compressed;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention before being reset;

[0027] Figure 7It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a side view schematic diagram of the lightweight scraper assembly of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck according to the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the plate body, triangular wedge, sliding seat and swing plate of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A;

[0031] In the figure: 1. plate body; 2. compartment body; 3. semi-open top cover; 4. guide rail; 5. inclined back plate; 6. first hydraulic cylinder; 7. second hydraulic cylinder; 8. slide seat; 9. hinged seat; 10. swing plate; 11. reinforcing rib plate; 12. baffle plate; 13. support frame; 14. triangular wedge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, a lightweight scraper assembly of a self-loading and unloading garbage truck includes a plate body 1, a swing plate 10, a baffle 12, a first hydraulic cylinder 6, and a second hydraulic cylinder 7.

[0034] like Figure 3 , 9 As shown in 10, the plate body 1 is a steel plate, and the plate body 1 is L-shaped. A plurality of evenly arranged reinforcing ribs 11 are arranged on the upper surface of the plate body 1. The reinforcing ribs 11 are arranged along the width direction of the plate body 1, with a wide tail and a narrow front. The tail of the reinforcing ribs 11 is plugged and welded to the tail flange of the plate body 1; a transverse square tube is welded between the plurality of reinforcing ribs 11. More than two triangular wedges 14 are arranged on the lower surface of the plate body 1. The triangular wedges 14 are made of steel plates bent into a triangular shape to increase the pressure of the plate body 1 and make the pressure on the garbage more uniform.

[0035] like Figure 7 , 8As shown, a semi-open top cover 3 is arranged on the top of the body 2, and the semi-open top cover 3 covers the front half of the body 2; two guide rails 4 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the body 2. There are two slides 8, which are installed on the guide rails 4. The slides 8 can move relative to the guide rails 4. The slides 8 are connected by a support frame 13. The support frame 13 includes a plurality of cross-connected hollow rectangular tubes, which are interlocked and welded. The hollow rectangular tubes reduce the weight of the scraper assembly, and at the same time, the structure has high strength and impact resistance. The support frame 13 is covered with a baffle 12. The support frame 13 and the baffle 12 are located above the semi-open top cover 3 and can overlap with the semi-open top cover 3 when moving. The guide rail 4 is a channel steel with an opening facing outward. The slide 8 is arranged on the outside of the guide rail 4, and a plurality of sliders or rollers are arranged on the inner side of the slide 8, and the sliders or rollers are embedded in the groove of the channel steel.

[0036] like Figure 2 , 7 As shown, two swing plates 10 are symmetrically fixedly connected on both sides of the plate body 1. Two hinge points are set at the tail of the swing plate 10. The two hinge points and the front vertex of the scraper form an acute triangle. The lower part of the tail of the swing plate 10 is hinged to the front part of the baffle 12, and the upper part of the tail of the swing plate 10 is hinged to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 6; there are two first hydraulic cylinders 6, which are symmetrically arranged. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is hinged on the baffle 12 or the slide seat 8. The first hydraulic cylinder 6 drives the swing plate 10 and the plate body 1 to flip. When the swing plate 10 and the plate body 1 flip, they avoid the inclined back plate 5 at the rear of the compartment 2.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown in Figures 10, two second hydraulic cylinders 7 are arranged at the rear of the box body 2, and there are two hinged seats 9, which are fixedly connected to the guide rail 4 or the box body 2, and the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is hinged on the hinged seat 9. The piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is hinged to the slide seat 8, and the second hydraulic cylinder 7 pushes the slide seat 8, the support frame 13, and the plate body 1 to move along the guide rail 4.

[0038] The working principle of the present invention:

[0039] The traditional scraper structure of a self-loading and unloading garbage truck, such as the scraper device of a self-loading and unloading garbage truck in Chinese invention patent CN116119217A and the scraper compression device of a rear-loading self-loading and unloading garbage truck in Chinese utility model patent CN205441618U, generally uses an oil cylinder to flip the scraper, and when flipping, the garbage is moved. For lighter garbage such as paper and fallen leaves, the previously delivered garbage can be pushed inward when pushing the newly delivered garbage. However, for heavier garbage such as stones and iron sheets, the garbage will accumulate on the inclined back plate 5, resulting in an effect of loose inside and tight outside. The resistance under the scraper is large, and the internal compartment 2 is not compressed. After loading some garbage, it needs to be sent to the garbage collection and distribution point. The garbage loading amount is relatively small, and the work efficiency is low.

[0040] like Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the top of the self-loading and unloading garbage truck of the present invention adopts a baffle 12 and a semi-open top cover 3 structure. After the scraper rotates, the closed structure of the top of the compartment 2 is guaranteed to reduce the release of odor and the floating of garbage. During the movement and compression of the scraper, the baffle 12 overlaps with the semi-open top cover 3 to ensure that the compression process proceeds smoothly. The guide rail 4 and the hydraulic cylinder drive system enable the scraper to not only rotate but also move, so that the garbage can be compressed more effectively and the loading efficiency of the garbage truck can be improved. This compression can reduce the volume of garbage, make the space utilization rate higher, increase the loading capacity, thereby reducing the number of cleaning and transportation and reducing operating costs. At the top of the compartment 2, the baffle 12 and the semi-open top cover 3 can be stacked. The movable design of the guide rail 4 allows the scraper to cover a wider area of ​​the compartment when working, which helps to clean up the garbage in the corners of the compartment, reduce residues, and keep the compartment clean. However, the traditional single rotating scraper cannot compress the garbage comprehensively and evenly, resulting in loose garbage stacking.

[0041] The triangular wedge 14 provided at the bottom of the plate body 1 enables it to "catch" the garbage more effectively when scraping and pushing the garbage, especially for larger or slippery objects, which are easier to push and compact. The raised triangular design can provide additional resistance to prevent the garbage from sliding off during the movement of the scraper, especially when the garbage is on an inclined surface or is loose, the protrusion helps to keep the garbage firmly on the scraper. The triangular wedge 14 can form multiple small compression points when compressing the garbage, so that the pressure on the garbage is more uniform and the compression is tighter, which helps to reduce the gaps between the garbage, thereby increasing the loading capacity. The triangular wedge 14 disperses the pressure on the scraper surface to multiple protrusions, thereby reducing the wear on the scraper as a whole and helping to extend the service life of the scraper. After the compression is completed, the scraper flips upward and resets, and the raised triangular wedge 14 can reduce the contact area between the scraper and the garbage, thereby reducing the possibility of garbage adhering to the scraper. Especially for wet or sticky garbage, the protrusion helps to prevent garbage from remaining on the scraper surface and maintain cleanliness.

[0042] The guide rail 4 is made of channel steel, which has a low procurement cost and a stable structure. A slider or roller is set between the slide 8 and the guide rail 4, which makes the running track more stable and has a long service life. The drive adopts a hydraulic cylinder, which can be used for larger loads, and the compression function enables the scraper to cope with different amounts and densities of garbage, whether it is loose garbage or larger objects, it can achieve effective compression, and improve the flexibility and adaptability of garbage collection. As the garbage gradually increases, the buffering effect of the hydraulic cylinder can avoid overloading and damage to rigid mechanisms such as electric cylinders.

[0043] Working process of the present invention:

[0044] 1) If Figure 3As shown, the scraper assembly is in the first working state: the plate body 1 is close to the inclined back plate 5, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is in a retracted state, and the scraper is tilted upward to leave an opening for garbage to enter;

[0045] 2) If Figure 3 As shown, dumping garbage: the lifting and flipping mechanism at the rear of the dump truck body 2 lifts the garbage bin and flips it over, so that the garbage is poured into the body 2 along the inclined back plate 5;

[0046] 3) If Figure 4 As shown, the scraper assembly is in the second working state: the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is in the extended state, pushing the scraper to rotate and moving the garbage inward. At this time, the scraper is at the vertical downward limit point;

[0047] 4) If Figure 5 As shown, the scraper assembly is in the third working state: the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 extends, pushing the slide 8 to move forward along the guide rail 4, driving the scraper to compress the garbage;

[0048] 5) If Figure 3 , 6 As shown, the scraper assembly is in the fourth working state: the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 reaches a force balance, the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 6 is retracted, and the scraper flips upward. At this time, even if the garbage is driven by the scraper, it will fall into the compartment 2. Then the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 7 is retracted, driving the scraper to move backward and restore the first working state.

[0049] Through the above-mentioned reciprocating work, the garbage can be automatically compressed, thereby improving the loading capacity and working efficiency of the dump garbage truck.

[0050] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above implementation is only to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention, and its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck, characterized in that: It comprises a plate body (1), a swing plate (10), a baffle (12), a first hydraulic cylinder (6), and a second hydraulic cylinder (7). A semi-open top cover (3) is arranged on the top of the body (2), and the semi-open top cover (3) covers the front half of the body (2); two guide rails (4) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the body (2); There are two slide seats (8) installed on the guide rail (4). The slide seats (8) can move relative to the guide rail (4). The slide seats (8) are connected by a support frame (13). The support frame (13) is covered with a baffle (12). The support frame (13) and the baffle (12) are located above the semi-open top cover (3) and can overlap with the semi-open top cover (3) when moving. Two swing plates (10) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the two sides of the plate body (1). Two hinge points are arranged at the tail of the swing plate (10). The two hinge points and the vertex of the front part of the scraper form an acute triangle. The lower part of the tail of the swing plate (10) is hinged to the front part of the baffle (12), and the upper part of the tail of the swing plate (10) is hinged to the piston rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (6). There are two first hydraulic cylinders (6), which are symmetrically arranged. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder (6) is hinged to the baffle (12) or the slide seat (8). The first hydraulic cylinder (6) drives the swing plate (10) and the plate body (1) to flip. When the swing plate (10) and the plate body (1) flip, they avoid the inclined back plate (5) at the rear of the car body (2); more than two triangular wedges (14) are arranged on the lower surface of the plate body (1), and the triangular wedges (14) are made of steel plates bent into a triangular shape. Two second hydraulic cylinders (7) are arranged at the rear of the compartment (2); piston rods of the second hydraulic cylinders (7) are hinged to the slide seat (8); the second hydraulic cylinders (7) push the slide seat (8), the support frame (13), and the plate body (1) to move along the guide rail (4).

2. A lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plate body (1) is a steel plate, and the plate body (1) is L-shaped. A plurality of evenly arranged reinforcing ribs (11) are arranged on the upper surface of the plate body (1). The reinforcing ribs (11) are arranged along the width direction of the plate body (1), are wide at the rear and narrow at the front, and the rear of the reinforcing ribs (11) is inserted and welded to the rear flange of the plate body (1); and transverse square tubes are welded between the plurality of reinforcing ribs (11).

3. A lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (4) is a channel steel with an opening facing outwards. The slide seat (8) is arranged on the outside of the guide rail (4). The inner side of the slide seat (8) is provided with a plurality of sliders or rollers, which are embedded in the grooves of the channel steel.

4. A lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading and unloading garbage truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (13) comprises a plurality of cross-connected hollow rectangular tubes, which are interlocked and welded with each other.

5. A lightweight scraper assembly for a self-loading garbage truck according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an articulated seat (9), wherein there are two articulated seats (9) which are fixedly connected to the guide rail (4) or the vehicle body (2), and the cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder (7) is articulated on the articulated seat (9).

Images