Jet engine tail nozzle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, in particular to a jet engine tail nozzle which comprises a hollow circular truncated cone (or similar hollow circular truncated cone or similar hollow prismatic table) set (1) and a supporting deflection mechanism (2). The jet engine tail nozzle can deflect downwards by a required angle and can deflect by 90 degrees or more than 90 degrees to the maximum degree, and a scheme of a thrust vector technology is provided; thrust in the horizontal direction can be converted into lift force in the vertical direction, and the lift force in the vertical direction is provided for the vertical take-off and landing aircraft; the structure is simple, the weight is light, and the thrust loss is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aero-engines, and in particular to a tail nozzle of a jet engine. Background Art

[0002] The "Implementation Plan for the Innovation and Application of General Aviation Equipment (2024-2030)" proposes the following main goals: By 2027, my country's general aviation equipment supply capacity and industry innovation capacity will be significantly improved, a modern general aviation basic support system will be basically established, an efficient and integrated industrial ecosystem will be initially formed, and a general aviation public service equipment system will be basically improved. New general aviation equipment with unmanned, electrified, and intelligent technical features will be commercially applied in urban air transport, logistics distribution, emergency rescue and other fields; By 2030, a new model for the development of the general aviation industry characterized by high-end, intelligent, and green development will be basically established, supporting and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the "short-distance transport + electric vertical take-off and landing" passenger transport network, the "trunk-branch-end" drone delivery network, and the low-altitude production operation network that meets the needs of industrial and agricultural operations. General aviation equipment will be fully integrated into all areas of people's production and life, becoming a powerful driving force for the growth of the low-altitude economy and forming a trillion-level market scale;

[0003] Vertical take-off and landing is one of the current trends that requires aircraft to undergo changes.

[0004] The jet engine tail nozzle involved in the present application has at least the following beneficial technical effects: the jet engine tail nozzle involved in the present application can be deflected downward to a required angle, with a maximum deflection of 90 degrees or more than 90 degrees, providing a solution for thrust vectoring technology; it can convert horizontal thrust into vertical lift, providing vertical lift for vertical take-off and landing aircraft; it has a simple structure, light weight, and small thrust loss. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a jet engine tail nozzle that can be deflected downward to a required angle, with a maximum deflection of 90 degrees or more, providing a solution for thrust vectoring technology; it can convert horizontal thrust into vertical lift, providing vertical lift for vertical take-off and landing aircraft; it has a simple structure, light weight, and small thrust loss.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is: a jet engine tail nozzle, characterized in that the jet engine tail nozzle comprises a hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1), a support deflection mechanism (2);

[0007] The hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is composed of multiple (three or more) hollow frustums (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism); a frustum refers to the portion between the base and the cross section after a cone is cut with a plane parallel to the base of the cone, the original cone base is called the lower base of the frustum, the cross section is called the upper base of the frustum, the upper and lower bases are both circles, the straight line passing through the centers of the upper and lower bases is called the axis of the frustum, and the side of the original cone between the base and the cross section is called the side of the frustum; a hollow frustum refers to a frustum whose interior is hollow, the upper and lower bases are connected, the side of the hollow frustum has an inner surface, called the inner surface of the side of the hollow frustum, and the hollow circle The outer surface of the side of the cone is called the outer surface of the side of the hollow cone, the distance between the inner surface of the side of the hollow cone and the outer surface of the side of the hollow cone is called the thickness of the hollow cone, the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the hollow cone are both circular rings, and the axis of the original cone is the axis of the hollow cone; a hollow prism means that the interior of the prism is hollow, the upper and lower bottom surfaces are connected, the side of the hollow prism has an inner surface, which is called the inner surface of the side of the hollow prism, the outer surface of the side of the hollow prism is called the outer surface of the side of the hollow prism, the distance between the inner surface of the side of the hollow prism and the outer surface of the side of the hollow prism is called the thickness of the hollow prism, the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the hollow prism are both polygonal rings, and the straight line passing through the center of the upper and lower bottom surfaces of the original prism is the axis of the hollow prism;

[0008] The lower bottom surface (or the side surface close to the lower bottom surface) of the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is connected to the rear of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle); when looking from the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) to the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle), the front is the front of the jet engine tail nozzle, and the rear is the rear of the jet engine tail nozzle; the top of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) is the top of the jet engine tail nozzle, the bottom of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) is the bottom of the jet engine tail nozzle, the left of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) is the left of the jet engine tail nozzle, and the right of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) is the right of the jet engine tail nozzle;

[0009] The lower bottom surface of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) faces forward, and the upper bottom surface faces backward; the rear hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is installed behind the front hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), and the inner surface of the side surface of the rear hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is connected to the outer surface of the side surface of the front hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism). There is a guide limit mechanism between the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) and the front hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the front hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism). When the deflection is to the maximum angle, the upper front part of the inner surface of the side of the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is aligned with the front hollow cone ( The upper rear part of the side outer surface of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is in contact with (or close to), and the lower front part of the side inner surface of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is in contact with (or close to) the lower front part of the side outer surface of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism); the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1) is installed on the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone) The third hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is installed behind the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum), and so on and so forth, the last hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is installed behind the previous hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism);

[0010] The front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the front of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), or the front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the rear of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine, or the front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the engine hanger (or fixed frame); the rear connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the rear of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1), or the rear connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to other nozzles or other components connected to the rear of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1);

[0011] The main functions of the support and deflection mechanism (2) are to support the hollow truncated cone (or similar hollow truncated cone or similar hollow prism) group (1), transmit (or indirectly transmit) the force and torque generated (or received) by the jet engine tail nozzle to the jet engine casing (or engine hanger, fixing frame), control the deflection angle of the jet engine tail nozzle, etc.;

[0012] When the deflection angle of the jet engine tail nozzle is 0 degrees, the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected 0 degrees relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2); the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), and the third hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism). The last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the previous hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism); the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the third hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), etc. are stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the previous hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and so on. The axis of the last hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) coincides (or similarly coincides); the inner surface of the side surface of the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), the rear part of the inner surface of the side surface of the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), the rear part of the inner surface of the side surface of the third hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), and so on until the last hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) ) is surrounded by the rear part of the side inner surface of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) to form a channel, which is called the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle; the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear part of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) passes through the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle, and the flow direction of the finally ejected airflow does not change (or the similar deflection angle is 0 degrees) relative to the flow direction when the airflow just enters the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1);

[0013] When the deflection angle of the jet engine tail nozzle is 0 degrees, the air passage of the jet engine tail nozzle is similar to a shorter convergent nozzle, and the thrust loss is very small;

[0014] When the tail nozzle of the jet engine is to be deflected downward to a required angle, the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), and at the same time, the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is driven to deflect downward. When the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected to the required angle relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), it stops and is locked. The inner surface of the side surface of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the inner surface of the side surface of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the inner surface of the side surface of the third hollow cone The inner surface of the side of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) and the inner surface of the side of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) form a channel, which is called the airway of the tail nozzle of the jet engine; when the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) passes through the airway of the tail nozzle of the jet engine, the direction of the airflow changes (or changes step by step), and the flow direction of the finally ejected airflow is deflected downward by a required angle relative to the flow direction of the airflow when it just enters the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1);

[0015] When the tail nozzle of the jet engine, which has been deflected at a certain angle, is to be deflected upward or downward to a required angle, the support deflection mechanism (2) is unlocked, and the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected upward or downward relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), while driving the hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism) to deflect upward or downward. When the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected to the required angle relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), it stops and is locked;

[0016] When the tail nozzle of the jet engine is to be deflected downward by 90 degrees, the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), and at the same time, the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is driven to deflect downward. When the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected to 90 degrees relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), it stops and is locked. The last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the second to last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the second to last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the third to last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and so on and so forth. The next hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the first hollow cone. The inner surface of the side of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the inner surface of the side of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the inner surface of the side of the third hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and so on until the inner surface of the side of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) form a channel, which is called the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle; the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) passes through the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle, and the direction of the airflow changes step by step, and the flow direction of the final ejected airflow is deflected downward by 90 degrees relative to the flow direction of the airflow when it just enters the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1);

[0017] When the tail nozzle of the jet engine is in a state of being deflected 90 degrees downward, the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the exhaust casing of the jet engine passes through the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the direction of the airflow changes when passing through the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism). After passing through the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the direction of the airflow is deflected downward by a certain angle, which is small and the thrust loss is small; when passing through the third hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), The direction of the airflow changes. After passing through the third hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the direction of the airflow is deflected downward by a certain angle relative to when it comes out of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism). The smaller the angle, the smaller the thrust loss. This is repeated, and the direction of the airflow changes step by step. Finally, the direction of the ejected airflow is deflected downward by 90 degrees relative to the direction of the airflow when it just enters the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1). Due to the step-by-step guidance and small angle change of the flow direction through the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the thrust loss is relatively small.

[0018] The maximum angle at which the latter hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) can deflect downward relative to the former hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is not large, the direction of the airflow does not change much at each stage, the dynamic pressure on the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is relatively small, and since the static pressure of the relatively high-speed airflow is not large, the thickness of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) can be made relatively thin and light in weight;

[0019] When the jet engine tail nozzle that has been deflected to a certain angle is to be returned to the state where the deflection angle is 0 degrees, the support deflection mechanism (2) is unlocked, and the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected upward relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), and at the same time drives the hollow frustum (or similar frustum) to be deflected upward until the jet engine tail nozzle returns to the state where the deflection angle is 0 degrees;

[0020] By controlling the deflection angle of the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), the deflection angle of the tail nozzle of the jet engine can be controlled, and the structure is simple and the control is simple;

[0021] An adjustable nozzle or vector nozzle may be installed behind the last hollow cone (or a similar hollow cone or a similar hollow prism) to adapt to various working conditions or to enrich the control of the exhaust flow direction.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the description of this application shall have the usual meanings understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which this application belongs. In the description of this application, the terms "outer", "inner", "a section", "a level", "inlet", "outlet", "axial", "tangential", "inner diameter", "outer diameter", "interlaced", "corresponding", "circumference", "certain", "last", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the devices and components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, "first", "next", "step by step", "a module unit", "last" and similar terms are only used for descriptive purposes to distinguish different components, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The words "one", "a level" and the like used in the description of this application should not be understood as an absolute limitation on quantity, but should be understood as the existence of at least one. The words "including", "or", "or" and the like used in the description of this application mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects;

[0023] In addition, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the words "connect", "assembly", "installation", "combination", "connection" and similar words used in the description of this application should be understood in a broad sense. For example, the connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or the internal connection of two components. Technical personnel in the field can understand their specific meanings in this application according to the specific circumstances. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a jet engine tail nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present application when it is deflected 96 degrees downward;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a jet engine tail nozzle provided by an embodiment of the present application when it is deflected 45 degrees downward;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a jet engine tail nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present application when it is deflected downward by 0 degrees;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a hollow truncated cone group when the tail nozzle of a jet engine provided by an embodiment of the present application is deflected 96 degrees downward;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a hollow truncated cone group when the tail nozzle of a jet engine provided by an embodiment of the present application is in one of the states of being deflected 45 degrees downward;

[0029] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a hollow truncated cone group when the tail nozzle of a jet engine provided by an embodiment of the present application is deflected downward by 0 degrees;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a single hollow truncated cone of a jet engine tail nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the support deflection mechanism when the tail nozzle of the jet engine provided by the embodiment of the present application is deflected 96 degrees downward;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the support deflection mechanism when the tail nozzle of the jet engine provided by the embodiment of the present application is deflected 45 degrees downward;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the support deflection mechanism of the jet engine tail nozzle provided in the embodiment of the present application when it is deflected downward by 0 degrees;

[0034] Among them: 1-hollow truncated cone group, 2-support deflection mechanism, 3-first hollow truncated cone, 4-last hollow truncated cone, 5-one of the middle hollow truncated cones, 6-guide groove, 7-pressure pin mechanism, 8-front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism, 9-rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism.

[0035] In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; in addition, the drawings are used for illustrative purposes, and the terms describing the positional relationships therein are limited to illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitations on this patent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The specific embodiments described herein are only some embodiments of the present application, which are only used to explain the present application, not to limit the present application. It should be noted that, for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, and other related parts can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0037] The following is a supplementary description of this application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0038] This embodiment adopts a hollow truncated cone group (1), with one group on the left and one group on the right supporting the deflection mechanism (2). The hollow truncated cone group (1) is composed of a total of 9 hollow truncated cones, namely the first hollow truncated cone (3), the last hollow truncated cone (4), and the seven hollow truncated cones in the middle.

[0039] like Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward by 96 degrees relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), the last hollow cone (4) can be deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the second to last hollow cone, the second to last hollow cone is deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the third to last hollow cone, and so on and so forth, the last hollow cone can be deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the first hollow cone, and the last hollow cone is deflected downward by 96 degrees relative to the first hollow cone; the relatively high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine passes through the first hollow cone (3), and then passes through the hollow cone (4) relative to the first hollow cone. After the hollow cone (3) deflects downward by 12 degrees from the second hollow cone, the direction of the airflow deflects downward by 12 degrees. After passing through the third hollow cone deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the second hollow cone, the direction of the airflow deflects downward by another 12 degrees. This is repeated. After passing through the last hollow cone (4) deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the previous hollow cone, the direction of the airflow deflects downward by another 12 degrees. The direction of the airflow ejected from the last hollow cone (4) deflects downward by 96 degrees relative to the direction of the airflow when it just enters the first hollow cone. By passing through the hollow cones and gradually guiding the flow and changing the flow direction at a smaller angle, the thrust loss is small.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward by 45 degrees relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), the last hollow cone (4) can be deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the second to last hollow cone, the second to last hollow cone is deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the third to last hollow cone, the third to last hollow cone is deflected downward by 12 degrees relative to the fourth to last hollow cone, the fourth to last hollow cone is deflected downward by 9 degrees relative to the third to last hollow cone, the fifth to last hollow cone to the first hollow cone (3) are stacked together without deflection, and the last hollow cone (4) can be deflected downward by 45 degrees relative to the first hollow cone (3); the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine passes through the first hollow cone (3) Until the fifth to last hollow cone stacked together, the direction of the airflow does not change, and the thrust loss is very small. After passing through the fourth to last hollow cone that is deflected 9 degrees downward relative to the fifth to last hollow cone, the direction of the airflow is deflected downward by 9 degrees. After passing through the third to last hollow cone that is deflected 12 degrees downward relative to the fourth to last hollow cone, the direction of the airflow is further deflected downward by 12 degrees. This is repeated. After passing through the last hollow cone (4) that is deflected 12 degrees downward relative to the previous hollow cone, the direction of the airflow is further deflected downward by 12 degrees. The direction of the airflow ejected from the last hollow cone (4) is deflected 45 degrees downward relative to the direction when the airflow just enters the first hollow cone. After passing through the hollow cones, the flow is guided step by step and the flow direction is changed at a small angle, so the thrust loss is small.

[0041] like Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward by 0 degrees relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), the first hollow cone (3) to the last hollow cone (4) are stacked together without deflection, and the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine passes through the first hollow cone (3) to the last hollow cone (4) stacked together, and the flow direction of the airflow is not changed, and the thrust loss is very small;

[0042] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the left and right sides of the side surfaces of the rear hollow truncated cone and the front hollow truncated cone are provided with guide limit mechanisms, and the rear hollow truncated cone can deflect downwardly to a desired angle relative to the front hollow truncated cone. When the deflection reaches the maximum angle of 12 degrees, the upper front part of the inner surface of the side surface of the rear hollow truncated cone contacts the upper rear part of the outer surface of the side surface of the front hollow truncated cone, and the lower front part of the inner surface of the side surface of the rear hollow truncated cone contacts the lower front part of the outer surface of the side surface of the front hollow truncated cone; when the rear hollow truncated cone can deflect downwardly to 0 degrees relative to the front hollow truncated cone, that is, when the rear hollow truncated cone is not deflected, the two may overlap each other;

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, a group of pressure pin mechanisms (7) are respectively installed at the front part of the left and right sides of the side of the hollow truncated cone, and a group of guide grooves (6) are respectively opened on the left and right sides of the outer surface of the side of the hollow truncated cone. The pressure pin mechanism (7) of the rear hollow truncated cone cooperates with the guide groove (6) of the front hollow truncated cone to form a guide limit mechanism, and the rear hollow truncated cone can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the front hollow truncated cone;

[0044] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 As shown, the rear connecting seat (9) of the supporting deflection mechanism can be deflected downwardly by 96 degrees to 0 degrees relative to the front connecting seat (8) of the supporting deflection mechanism;

[0045] The jet engine tail nozzle provided in the embodiment of the present application can be deflected downward to a required angle, with a maximum deflection of 96 degrees, providing a solution for thrust vectoring technology; it can convert horizontal thrust into vertical lift, providing vertical lift for vertical take-off and landing aircraft; it has a simple structure, light weight, and small thrust loss.

Claims

1. A jet engine tail nozzle, characterized in that: The jet engine tail nozzle comprises a hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) and a support deflection mechanism (2).

2. The jet engine tail nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is composed of a plurality of (three or more) hollow frustums (or similar hollow frustums or similar hollow prisms).

3. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The lower bottom surface (or the side surface close to the lower bottom surface) of the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) is connected to the rear part of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine.

4. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The lower bottom surface of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) of the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1) faces forward, and the upper bottom surface faces backward; the rear hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is installed behind the front hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), and the inner surface of the side surface of the rear hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum) is in contact with (or close to) the outer surface of the side surface of the front hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism); between the rear hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) and the front hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) There is a guiding and limiting mechanism, and the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) can be deflected downward by a certain angle relative to the previous hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism). When deflected to the maximum angle, the upper front part of the inner surface of the side of the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) contacts (or approaches) the upper rear part of the outer surface of the side of the previous hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the lower front part of the inner surface of the side of the rear hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) contacts (or approaches) the lower front part of the outer surface of the side of the previous hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism).

5. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the front of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), or the front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the rear of the exhaust casing (or nozzle) of the jet engine, or the front connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the engine hanger (or fixed frame); the rear connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to the rear of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1), or the rear connecting seat of the support and deflection mechanism (2) is connected to other nozzles or other components connected to the rear of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1).

6. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: The main functions of the support and deflection mechanism (2) are to support the hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) group (1), to transmit (or indirectly transmit) the force and torque generated (or received) by the jet engine tail nozzle to the jet engine casing (or engine hanger, fixing frame), and to control the deflection angle of the jet engine tail nozzle, etc.

7. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: When the deflection angle of the jet engine tail nozzle is 0 degrees, the rear connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected by 0 degrees relative to the front connection seat of the support deflection mechanism (2); the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), and the third hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism). The last hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism) is stacked (or similarly stacked) behind the previous hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism); the first hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), the second hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), the third hollow frustum (or similar hollow frustum or similar hollow prism), etc. until the last The axes of a hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism) coincide (or coincide similarly); the inner surface of the side surface of the first hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism), the rear part of the inner surface of the side surface of the second hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism), the rear part of the inner surface of the side surface of the third hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism), and so on until the last hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism) The rear part of the inner surface of the side surface forms a channel, which is called the air passage of the jet engine tail nozzle; after the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear part of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) passes through the air passage of the jet engine tail nozzle, the flow direction of the finally ejected airflow does not change (or the similar deflection angle is 0 degrees) relative to the flow direction of the airflow just entering the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1).

8. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: When the tail nozzle of the jet engine is to be deflected downward to a required angle, the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected downward relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), and at the same time, the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) is driven to deflect downward. When the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected to the required angle relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), it stops and is locked. The inner surface of the side surface of the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), the inner surface of the side surface of the second hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism), and the inner surface of the side surface of the third hollow cone The inner surface of the side of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) and so on until the inner surface of the side of the last hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) form a channel, which is called the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle; when the high-speed airflow discharged from the rear of the jet engine exhaust casing (or nozzle) passes through the airway of the jet engine tail nozzle, the direction of the airflow changes (or changes step by step), and the flow direction of the finally ejected airflow is deflected downward by a required angle relative to the flow direction of the airflow when it just enters the first hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) of the hollow cone (or similar hollow cone or similar hollow prism) group (1).

9. A jet engine tail nozzle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: When the tail nozzle of the jet engine, which has been deflected at a certain angle, is to be deflected upward or downward to a required angle, the support deflection mechanism (2) is unlocked, and the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected upward or downward relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), while driving the hollow frustum (or a similar hollow frustum or a similar hollow prism) to deflect upward or downward. When the rear connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2) is deflected to the required angle relative to the front connecting seat of the support deflection mechanism (2), it stops and is locked.

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