Miniature hydroelectric generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a miniature hydroelectric generator which comprises an impeller chamber arranged in a pipeline and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber, the generator set comprises a shell, a stator and a rotor, the stator and the rotor are arranged in the shell, the rotor comprises an impeller and a rotating shaft arranged in the center of the impeller, a permanent magnet is arranged at one end of the impeller, and the permanent magnet is arranged at the other end of the impeller. One end of the permanent magnet is arranged in the impeller chamber, the other end of the permanent magnet is provided with blades, one end of the permanent magnet corresponds to the stator, the blade ends are arranged in the impeller chamber, and the blades rotate in the impeller chamber to drive the rotor to rotate; the impeller chamber is connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the pipeline, and the inner wall of the impeller chamber comprises two concentric arcs with different radiuses and a connecting arc for connecting the two concentric arcs; a cavity for containing water flow is formed between the large-radius arc inner wall of the impeller chamber and the blades. The miniature hydroelectric generator can make full use of kinetic energy of water and is high in power generation power.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of power generation, and more specifically, to a micro hydroelectric generator. Background Art

[0002] Pipeline power generation technology is particularly widely used in the water pipeline industry. The kinetic energy of water drives the impeller to rotate, so that the impeller drives the generator rotor to rotate and cuts the magnetic lines to generate electricity. The structure of a conventional pipeline generator in the industry is to set a rotor in the pipeline. The rotor includes a circular impeller and blades set on the inner wall of the impeller. The water flow impacts the blades, causing the rotor to rotate relative to the pipeline. The stator is fixedly connected to the pipeline, and power generation is achieved when the rotor rotates. The rotor is set perpendicular to the flow direction of the water flow. When the water flows in the pipeline, the water flow will only impact the blades once, the kinetic energy of the water flow is not fully utilized, and the power generation efficiency is not high.

[0003] Prior art CN202010861381.8 discloses a pipeline-driven power generation device, including a generator shell for connecting a pipeline, a stator coil winding arranged around the circumference of the generator shell; a rotor assembly driven by the pipeline airflow or liquid flow, the rotor assembly and the inner surface of the generator shell are rotated and matched through a set limit assembly; a magnet is arranged on the circumference of the rotor assembly to produce a cutting magnetic flux line motion with the stator coil winding. The technical solution disclosed in the prior art also directly sets the rotor in the pipeline, and still cannot fully utilize the kinetic energy of the water flow to achieve efficient power generation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a micro hydroelectric generator which fully utilizes the kinetic energy of water flow to improve the power generation.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A micro hydroelectric generator, the hydroelectric generator includes an impeller chamber arranged in a pipeline, and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber, the generator set includes a housing, a stator and a rotor arranged in the housing, the rotor includes an impeller and a rotating shaft arranged in the center of the impeller, one end of the impeller is provided with a permanent magnet, and the other end is provided with a blade, one end of the permanent magnet is arranged corresponding to the stator, the blade end is arranged in the impeller chamber, and the blade rotates in the impeller chamber to drive the rotor to rotate; the impeller chamber is connected to the water inlet and outlet of the pipeline, the inner wall of the impeller chamber includes two concentric arcs with different radii, and a connecting arc connecting the two concentric arcs; the large radius arc inner wall of the impeller chamber and the blades form a cavity for accommodating water flow. The large radius and small radius in the present invention refer to the relative size of the radii of the two arcs compared, the large radius arc is the large radius arc, and the small radius arc is the small radius arc.

[0007] Preferably, the water inlet and the water outlet are arranged in parallel.

[0008] Preferably, the impeller is a hollow impeller, and an impeller base and an impeller cover are respectively provided at both ends of the hollow impeller; the blades are evenly arranged at circumferential positions in the axial direction of the hollow impeller, and the blades are located between the impeller base and the hollow impeller.

[0009] Preferably, the impeller base and the impeller cover are also provided with bearings adapted to the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the blade is a baffle with a curved arc.

[0011] Preferably, the blades are spaced apart along the axial circumferential direction of the hollow impeller to form a circle, and the center of the circle formed by the blades constitutes a circular cavity.

[0012] Preferably, a waterproof sealing ring is further provided between the shell cover and the shell body.

[0013] Preferably, the flow channel of the water inlet gradually narrows from a circular shape to a narrow slit nozzle; the flow channel of the water outlet gradually narrows from a flat square outlet to a circular outlet.

[0014] Preferably, the water inlet is arranged on the small radius arc, and the water outlet is arranged between the small radius arc and the large radius arc; and the rotor is arranged concentrically with the two arcs.

[0015] Preferably, the shell is provided with a shell cover, and the shell cover is provided with a lead hole.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. An impeller chamber is set in the pipeline. The cross-section of the impeller chamber is an irregular shape composed of a large radius arc and a small radius arc. The water flow forms a vortex water flow in the impeller chamber, which impacts the blades multiple times, thereby increasing the rotation speed of the rotor and ultimately improving the power generation efficiency.

[0018] 2. The rotor is an integrated structure. One end of the rotor is connected to the power generation component, and the other end is provided with blades and arranged in the impeller chamber to form a horizontal structure. The blades form a circular structure with a cavity in the center. Under the action of the irregular shaped impeller chamber composed of large and small radius arcs, water can flow through the blade gaps and impact the blades multiple times, which can fully utilize kinetic energy. For small pipeline water supply network systems and small power generation systems, it can effectively improve the power generation efficiency.

[0019] 3. The blades are configured as baffles with a curved arc to further provide the impact force of the water flow on the blades. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1A structural diagram of a micro hydroelectric generator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a micro hydroelectric generator of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an impeller chamber of a micro hydroelectric generator of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a rotor of a micro hydroelectric generator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of a micro hydroelectric generator according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation methods and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may be that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in an appropriate manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a micro hydroelectric generator is disclosed. The hydroelectric generator includes an impeller chamber 2 arranged in a pipeline 1, and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber 2. The generator set includes a housing 4, a stator and a rotor 5 arranged in the housing 4. The rotor 5 includes an impeller 6 and a rotating shaft 7 arranged at the center of the impeller 6. A permanent magnet 8 is arranged at one end of the impeller 6, and a blade 9 is arranged at the other end. One end of the permanent magnet 8 is arranged corresponding to the stator, and the blade end is arranged in the impeller chamber 2. The blade 9 rotates in the impeller chamber 2 to drive the rotor 5 to rotate; the impeller chamber 2 is connected to the water inlet 10 and the water outlet 11 of the pipeline 1, and the inner wall of the impeller chamber 2 includes two concentric arcs with different radii, and a connecting arc 14 connecting the two concentric arcs; a cavity 15 for accommodating water flow is formed between the inner wall of the large-radius arc 12 of the impeller chamber 2 and the blade 9.

[0032] In this embodiment, an impeller chamber 2 is provided in the pipeline 1, and the impeller chamber 2 is connected to the water inlet 10 and the water outlet 11 of the pipeline 1. The inner wall of the impeller chamber 2 is composed of two concentric arcs with different radii and a connecting arc 14 connecting the two concentric arcs. The two concentric arcs are respectively a large radius arc 12 and a small radius arc 13.

[0033] To realize self-generation, water is sprayed into the impeller chamber 2 from the water inlet 10 and impacts the blades 9. The blades 9 rotate under the action of the water flow and drive the rotor 5 to rotate. After impacting the blades 9, part of the water flows out from the water outlet 10, and the other part of the water enters the impeller chamber 2 due to the presence of the cavity 15 to automatically form a vortex water flow.

[0034] Because the impeller chamber 2 is irregular in shape and its inner wall is arc-shaped, when external water flows into the impeller chamber 2 from the water inlet 10, multiple blades 9 form a blade group, and a part of the water flow after the impact blade group rotates will be discharged from the water outlet 11. Because of the existence of the cavity 15, the space here is large and the water pressure is low, so another part of the water flow will flow along the inner wall of the impeller chamber 2 and enter the cavity. As the external water flow continues to flow in, it pushes the original water flow in the cavity 15 to continue to rotate to form a vortex water flow. After the vortex water flow transfers energy to the blade group, the flow rate decreases, enters the middle of the blade group, and then flows out from the blade group near the water outlet 11. This process increases the rotational force transferred to the blade group, thereby greatly improving the utilization efficiency of the kinetic energy of the water, increasing the rotation speed of the rotor 5, and ultimately increasing the power generation. It is particularly suitable in the field of self-generation of small water flows in small pipes.

[0035] One end of the permanent magnet 8 is arranged corresponding to the stator, so that when the permanent magnet 8 rotates, the movement of cutting the magnetic flux lines is stronger.

[0036] By designing the impeller chamber 2, the impeller chamber 2 serves as a generating chamber for water flow to impact the blades 9, thereby causing the blades 9 to rotate. The water flow in the impeller chamber 2 will only impact the blades 9 located in the impeller chamber 2, thereby reducing the kinetic energy loss of water caused by the water flow impacting other parts of the rotor 5. At the same time, the impeller chamber 2 is designed to be an irregular shape, and the water flow flowing in the impeller chamber 2 forms a vortex water flow. The water flow sprayed into the impeller chamber 2 from the water inlet 10 will do work on the blades 9 once, the water flow discharged from the impeller chamber 2 from the water outlet 11 will also do work on the blades 9 once, and the water flow flowing out of the cavity 15 will also do work on the blades 9 once. By setting the impeller chamber 2, the number of times the water flow impacts the blades 9 when flowing is increased, thereby making full use of the kinetic energy of the water, and converting the kinetic energy of the water into electrical energy, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, the water outlet 11 is arranged in parallel with the water inlet 10, so as to facilitate the formation and circulation of the vortex water flow. When the water flow in the impeller chamber 2 flows out from the water outlet 11, the driving force transmitted to the blades 9 by the water flow at the water outlet 11 can be increased, and the rotation speed of the rotor 5 can be further increased.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A micro hydroelectric generator is disclosed. The hydroelectric generator comprises an impeller chamber 2 arranged in a pipeline 1, and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber 2. The generator set comprises a housing 4, a stator and a rotor 5 arranged in the housing 4. The rotor 5 comprises an impeller 6 and a rotating shaft 7 arranged at the center of the impeller 6. A permanent magnet 8 is arranged at one end of the impeller 6, and a blade 9 is arranged at the other end. One end of the permanent magnet 8 is arranged corresponding to the stator, and the blade end is arranged in the impeller chamber 2. The blade 9 rotates in the impeller chamber 2 to drive the rotor 5 to rotate; the impeller chamber 2 is connected to a water inlet 10 and a water outlet 11 of the pipeline 1, and the inner wall of the impeller chamber 2 comprises two concentric arcs with different radii and a connecting arc 14 connecting the two concentric arcs; a cavity 15 for accommodating water flow is formed between the inner wall of the large-radius arc 12 of the impeller chamber 2 and the blade 9.

[0040] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the impeller 6 can be designed as a hollow impeller, and an impeller base 16 and an impeller cover 17 are respectively provided at both ends of the hollow impeller. The blades 9 are arranged between the hollow impeller and the impeller base 16. Specifically, the blades 9 are evenly arranged at the circumferential position of the axial direction of the hollow impeller. The blades 9 are arranged at intervals along the axial circumferential direction of the hollow impeller to form a circle, and the center of the circle formed by the blades constitutes a circular cavity.

[0041] The impeller cover 17 is used to fix the permanent magnet 8 connected to the hollow impeller, so as to ensure the connection stability between the permanent magnet 8 and the hollow impeller.

[0042] In order to facilitate the rotation of the hollow impeller, bearings 18 adapted to the rotating shaft 7 may be provided on the impeller base 16 and the impeller cover 17 .

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A micro hydroelectric generator is disclosed. The hydroelectric generator comprises an impeller chamber 2 arranged in a pipeline 1, and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber 2. The generator set comprises a housing 4, a stator and a rotor 5 arranged in the housing 4. The rotor 5 comprises an impeller 6 and a rotating shaft 7 arranged at the center of the impeller 6. A permanent magnet 8 is arranged at one end of the impeller 6, and a blade 9 is arranged at the other end. One end of the permanent magnet 8 is arranged corresponding to the stator, and the blade end is arranged in the impeller chamber 2. The blade 9 rotates in the impeller chamber 2 to drive the rotor 5 to rotate; the impeller chamber 2 is connected to a water inlet 10 and a water outlet 11 of the pipeline 1, and the inner wall of the impeller chamber 2 comprises two concentric arcs with different radii and a connecting arc 14 connecting the two concentric arcs; a cavity 15 for accommodating water flow is formed between the inner wall of the large-radius arc 12 of the impeller chamber 2 and the blade 9.

[0045] The difference between this embodiment and the above embodiment is that in order to further increase the force of water flow on the blades 9, the blades 9 are baffles with a curved curvature. The circumferentially distributed blades 9 are designed as baffles with a certain curved curvature. The curvature is calculated by fluid simulation. The height of the narrow slit nozzle is equal to the height of the blade. The circular center formed by multiple blades 9 constitutes a circular cavity. The circular cavity is hollow, so that the energy of the water flow is effectively converted into the mechanical energy of the impeller 6 rotation, and the efficiency of converting water energy into electrical energy is improved. In the prior art, the efficiency of the impeller in converting water energy is less than 5%, and the conversion efficiency of the rotor in the present invention can reach 10-15%.

[0046] In order to increase the flow rate of the water entering the impeller chamber 2, the flow channel of the water inlet 10 is gradually narrowed from a circular shape to a narrow slit nozzle. Specifically, the height of the narrow slit nozzle is the same as that of the blades 9, and the flow channel of the water outlet 11 is gradually narrowed from a flat square outlet to a circular outlet.

[0047] When water flows into the impeller chamber 2 from the water inlet 10, it passes through the gradually narrowing narrow slit nozzle, and the water flow is accelerated by the narrow slit and then sprayed onto the blade 9, pushing the rotor 5 to rotate; the sprayed water flow passing through the narrow slit nozzle is shaped into a water flow with the same height as the blade 9, and can be evenly sprayed onto the entire water-facing surface of the blade 9, so that the force-bearing area of ​​the water-facing surface of the blade 9 is maximized, while avoiding local force on the blade 9 and reducing the life of the blade 9; the sprayed water flow automatically forms a vortex flow in the impeller chamber 2, and the vortex flow acts on the blade 9 to further accelerate the rotation of the rotor 5; after the vortex flow transfers part of the water energy, the vortex radius decreases, and enters the circular cavity in the middle of the blade group, and is pushed by the subsequent water flow to impact the blade 9 again to rotate and do work before flowing out from the water outlet 11. Therefore, the shaped jet water flow impacts the blade 9 for the first time, then forms a vortex flow to work on the blade 9 again, and finally flows out for the third time to work on the blade 9. In one flow process, the water flow works on the blade 9 three times, fully transferring the kinetic energy of the water to the hollow impeller, driving the rotor to rotate at a high speed, greatly improving the efficiency of water energy utilization. By increasing the speed of the rotor, the power generation power is finally increased.

[0048] In this embodiment, the water inlet 10 is arranged on the small radius arc 13, and the water outlet 11 is arranged between the small radius arc 13 and the large radius arc 12; the rotor 5 is arranged concentrically with the two arcs.

[0049] At the same time, in order to facilitate the installation of the rotor 5, a shell cover can be provided on the shell 4, and the shell 4 is sealed by the shell cover. The stator can be installed on the shell cover 4. The shell cover and the shell 4 can be fixedly connected by means of threads or bolts. After the rotor is installed, the threads or bolts are tightened to fix the shell cover on the shell 4, thereby achieving sealing of the shell.

[0050] To prevent water leakage of the housing 4, a waterproof sealing ring may be provided between the housing cover and the housing 4. A lead hole is provided on the housing cover, and the lead wire of the stator passes through the lead hole to connect with an external power-consuming device or a battery. Specifically, a waterproof lead wire connector is provided at the lead wire connector of the stator.

[0051] Obviously, the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A micro hydroelectric generator, characterized in that: The hydroelectric generator includes an impeller chamber arranged in a pipeline, and a generator set arranged on one side of the impeller chamber. The generator set includes a shell, a stator and a rotor arranged in the shell. The rotor includes an impeller and a rotating shaft arranged in the center of the impeller. A permanent magnet is provided at one end of the impeller, and a blade is provided at the other end. One end of the permanent magnet is arranged corresponding to the stator. The blade end is arranged in the impeller chamber, and the blade rotates in the impeller chamber to drive the rotor to rotate. The impeller chamber is connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the pipeline. The inner wall of the impeller chamber includes two concentric arcs with different radii and a connecting arc connecting the two concentric arcs. A cavity for accommodating water flow is formed between the inner wall of the large-radius arc of the impeller chamber and the blades.

2. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet and the water outlet are arranged in parallel.

3. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller is a hollow impeller, and an impeller base and an impeller cover are respectively arranged at two ends of the hollow impeller; the blades are evenly arranged at circumferential positions in the axial direction of the hollow impeller, and the blades are located between the impeller base and the hollow impeller.

4. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impeller base and the impeller cover are also provided with bearings adapted to the rotating shaft.

5. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blade is a baffle with a curved arc.

6. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The blades are arranged at intervals along the axial circumferential direction of the hollow impeller to form a circle, and the center of the circle formed by the blades constitutes a circular cavity.

7. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A waterproof sealing ring is also arranged between the shell cover and the shell body.

8. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel of the water inlet gradually narrows from a circular shape to a narrow slit nozzle; the flow channel of the water outlet gradually changes from a flat square outlet to a circular outlet.

9. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet is arranged on the small radius arc, and the water outlet is arranged between the small radius arc and the large radius arc; the rotor is arranged concentrically with the two arcs.

10. A micro hydroelectric generator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The shell body is provided with a shell cover, and the shell cover is provided with a lead hole.

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