Surface mine step 65-degree slope blasting method

Abstract

According to the surface mine step 65-degree side slope blasting method, a slope face hole, a slope toe hole and a main blast hole which are perpendicular to the ground are sequentially formed in the side slope direction, the slope face hole is formed in the middle of a side slope, the slope toe hole is formed in the outline of the bottom of the side slope, the main blast hole is formed in the side, away from the slope face hole, of the outer side of the slope toe hole, and blasting is completed through a blasting network and a blasting device. And detonating by adopting a millisecond differential hole-by-hole detonating mode of sequentially detonating at delay intervals. The device is simple in structure, convenient to punch and easy to charge, the situation that the local charge density is small is avoided, the mine blasting effect is improved, the efficiency of blast hole punching and charge construction is improved, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the 65-degree slope angle of a mine step is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine step slope blasting systems, in particular to a 65-degree slope blasting method for an open-pit mine step. Background Art

[0002] With the development of national safety forms, the angle of the step slope during mining is inconsistent with the design angle, which has been listed as a major hidden danger in metal and non-metal mines. The final step slope angle of a limestone mine is designed to be 65°, and the mine step blasting adopts inclined hole blasting to form a step slope. In actual construction, the drilling rig cannot achieve 65° inclined hole drilling, and the drilling efficiency of the inclined hole is lower than that of the vertical hole. In addition, the deviation direction of the drilling process is difficult to control. The deviation in the direction to one side is likely to cause the local charge density to be too high, and the powder ore rate will increase after blasting. The deviation in the direction to both sides is likely to cause the local charge density to be too low, and the large block rate will increase after blasting. Moreover, during the charging process of the inclined hole, it is not easy to load the explosives into the bottom of the hole, and it is easy to block the hole, which affects the progress of the blasting construction and the blasting effect.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, a 65° slope blasting method for open-pit mine steps is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, a 65° slope blasting method for open-pit mine steps is proposed.

[0005] The specific scheme of the present invention is: a 65° slope blasting method for an open-pit mine step, comprising the following steps: S1: Arrange blast holes, all of which are arranged perpendicular to the ground, and include: slope hole holes, slope foot holes, and main blast holes; a row of slope hole holes is arranged along the middle of the slope, a row of slope foot holes is arranged along the bottom contour of the slope, and several rows of main blast holes are arranged in the direction away from the slope hole holes on one side; S2: Drilling: the main blasthole is drilled at a depth of 14m, the foot hole is drilled at a depth of 12m, the slope hole is drilled at a depth of 7m, and the diameter of all blastholes is 150mm; S3: Charge; Main gun hole: the first explosive section is sequentially loaded into the main gun hole, a gun hole spacing section is arranged on the first explosive section, a second explosive section is arranged on the gun hole spacing section, a gun hole blocking section is arranged on the second explosive section, wherein both the first explosive section and the second explosive section are provided with detonator bags, the detonator bags are provided with detonator leads, and the detonator leads extend out of the surface of the main gun hole; Slope foot hole: the third explosive section is sequentially loaded into the slope foot hole, the third explosive section is provided with a blasthole spacing section, the blasthole spacing section is provided with a fourth explosive section, the fourth explosive section is provided with a blasthole blocking section, wherein the third explosive section and the fourth explosive section are both provided with detonating powder bags, the detonating powder bags are provided with detonator leads, and the detonator leads extend out of the surface of the slope foot hole; Slope hole: a fifth explosive section is loaded into the slope hole, a blasthole plugging section is provided on the fifth explosive section, a detonating charge is provided in the fifth explosive section, a detonator lead is provided on the detonator lead, and the detonator lead extends out of the surface of the slope hole; S4: blasting network connection: connecting the detonator leads into a blasting network, which is then connected to a busbar; S5: Detonator connection: Set up a detonator outside the blasting area, connect the busbar to the detonator, and use the detonator to detonate after confirming that the blasting alert is safe.

[0006] Further, in step S1, the hole spacing of the slope hole surfaces is 3m, the hole spacing of the slope foot holes is 6m, the hole spacing of the main gun holes is 6m, the row spacing between the slope hole surfaces and the slope foot holes is 3m, the row spacing between the slope foot holes and the main gun holes is 6m, and the row spacing between the main gun holes is 6m.

[0007] Further, in S3, the first explosive section is 4 m, the second explosive section is 4 m, the third explosive section is 3.5 m, the fourth explosive section is 3.5 m, and the fifth explosive section is 4 m.

[0008] Furthermore, the blasting network uses a millisecond difference hole-by-hole detonation method to carry out blasting.

[0009] Furthermore, in S3, the charge of the main gun hole is 135Kg to 140Kg, the charge of the slope foot hole is 115Kg to 120Kg, and the charge of the slope surface hole is 75Kg to 80Kg.

[0010] Furthermore, the detonating detonator is a time-delay high-precision detonator.

[0011] Furthermore, the blasting network sets the slope holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the slope foot holes by 15 milliseconds, sets the slope foot holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the main gun holes by 30 milliseconds, sets the main gun holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, and sets them in sequence to the last row of main gun holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the distance between the detonator and the detonation area is greater than or equal to 300 meters.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention has a simple structure, is convenient for drilling and charging, and will not cause a situation where the local charging density is low. It improves the mine blasting effect, increases the efficiency of blasting hole drilling and charging construction, greatly improves work efficiency, and ensures a 65° slope angle of the mine step. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view layout of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope surface; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the slope foot hole; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main gun hole; In the figure: 1. Slope hole; 2. Blast hole plugging section; 3. Detonator fuse; 4. Fifth explosive section; 5. Explosive pack; 6. Slope foot hole; 7. Main gun hole; 8. Fourth explosive section; 9. Third explosive section; 10. Blast hole spacing section; 11. Second explosive section; 12. First explosive section; 13. Blasting network connection; 14. Busbar; 15. Detonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In the manufacturing industry, equipment that needs to be adjusted in angle is often involved, such as oxygen cutting machine nozzles, laser cutting machine nozzles, automatic paint nozzles, and various equipment that needs to be adjusted in angle. The angle adjustment mechanisms in the prior art are either expensive or complex in structure, and there is no angle adjustment device that can meet the user's adjustment needs. In order to solve the above problems, a 65° slope blasting method for open-pit mine steps is proposed. Example

[0016] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 , a 65° slope blasting method for an open-pit mine step, comprising the following steps: S1: Arrange blast holes, which are all arranged perpendicular to the ground, and include: slope hole 1, slope foot hole 6, and main blast hole 7; a row of slope hole 1 is arranged along the middle of the slope, a row of slope foot holes 6 is arranged along the bottom contour of the slope, and several rows of main blast holes 7 are arranged in the direction away from the slope hole 1 on the side of the slope foot holes 6; S2: Drilling, the main blasthole 7 is drilled to a depth of 14m, the foot hole 6 is drilled to a depth of 12m, the slope hole 1 is drilled to a depth of 7m, and the diameter of all blastholes is 150mm; S3: Charge; Main gun hole 7: the first explosive section 12 is sequentially loaded into the main gun hole 7, a gun hole spacing section 10 is provided on the first explosive section 12, a second explosive section 11 is provided on the gun hole spacing section 10, a gun hole blocking section 2 is provided on the second explosive section 11, wherein both the first explosive section 12 and the second explosive section 11 are provided with a detonator bag 5, the detonator bag 5 is provided with a detonator lead 3, and the detonator lead 3 extends out of the surface of the main gun hole 7; Slope foot hole 6: the third explosive section 9 is sequentially loaded into the slope foot hole 6, the third explosive section 9 is provided with a blast hole spacing section 10, the blast hole spacing section 10 is provided with a fourth explosive section 8, the fourth explosive section 8 is provided with a blast hole blocking section 2, wherein the third explosive section 9 and the fourth explosive section 8 are both provided with a detonator bag 5, the detonator bag 5 is provided with a detonator lead 3, and the detonator lead 3 extends out of the surface of the slope foot hole 6; Slope hole 1: a fifth explosive section 4 is loaded into the slope hole 1, a blasthole plugging section 2 is provided on the fifth explosive section 4, a detonator package 5 is provided in the fifth explosive section 4, a detonator lead 3 is provided on the detonator package 5, and the detonator lead 3 extends out of the surface of the slope hole 1; S4: Blasting network connection 13: connecting the detonator leads 3 to form a blasting network, which is then connected to the busbar 14; S5: Connection of detonator 15: Detonator 15 is set outside the blasting area, busbar 14 is connected to detonator 15, and detonation is performed with detonator 15 after confirming that the blasting warning is safe.

[0017] In this embodiment, in step S1, the hole spacing of the slope hole 1 is 3m, the hole spacing of the slope foot holes 6 is 6m, the hole spacing of the main gun holes 7 is 6m, the row spacing between the slope hole 1 and the slope foot holes 6 is 3m, the row spacing between the slope foot holes 6 and the main gun holes 7 is 6m, and the row spacing between the main gun holes 7 is 6m.

[0018] In this embodiment, in S3, the first explosive section 12 is 4 m, the second explosive section 11 is 4 m, the third explosive section 9 is 3.5 m, the fourth explosive section 8 is 3.5 m, and the fifth explosive section 4 is 4 m.

[0019] In this embodiment, the blasting network uses a millisecond difference hole-by-hole detonation method to carry out blasting.

[0020] In this embodiment, in S3, the charge of the main gun hole 7 is 135Kg to 140Kg, the charge of the slope foot hole 6 is 115Kg to 120Kg, and the charge of the slope hole 1 is 75Kg to 80Kg.

[0021] In this embodiment, the detonating detonator is a time-delay high-precision detonator.

[0022] In this embodiment, the blasting network sets the slope hole 1 to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the slope foot hole 6 by 15 milliseconds, sets the slope foot hole 6 to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the main gun hole 7 by 30 milliseconds, sets the main gun hole 7 to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, and so on until the last row of main gun holes 7.

[0023] Furthermore, the distance between the detonator 15 and the detonation area is greater than or equal to 300 meters.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The invention has a simple structure, is convenient for drilling and charging, and does not cause a situation where the local charging density is low. It improves the mine blasting effect, increases the efficiency of blasting hole drilling and charging construction, and ensures a 65° slope angle of the mine step.

Claims

1. A 65° slope blasting method for an open-pit mine step, characterized by: Includes the following step: S1: Arrange blast holes, all of which are arranged perpendicular to the ground, and include: slope hole holes, slope foot holes, and main blast holes; a row of slope hole holes is arranged along the middle of the slope, a row of slope foot holes is arranged along the bottom contour of the slope, and several rows of main blast holes are arranged in the direction away from the slope hole holes on one side; S2: Drilling: the main blasthole is drilled at a depth of 14m, the foot hole is drilled at a depth of 12m, the slope hole is drilled at a depth of 7m, and the diameter of all blastholes is 150mm; S3: Charge; Main gun hole: the first explosive section is sequentially loaded into the main gun hole, a gun hole spacing section is arranged on the first explosive section, a second explosive section is arranged on the gun hole spacing section, a gun hole blocking section is arranged on the second explosive section, wherein both the first explosive section and the second explosive section are provided with detonator bags, the detonator bags are provided with detonator leads, and the detonator leads extend out of the surface of the main gun hole; Slope foot hole: the third explosive section is sequentially loaded into the slope foot hole, the third explosive section is provided with a blasthole spacing section, the blasthole spacing section is provided with a fourth explosive section, the fourth explosive section is provided with a blasthole blocking section, wherein the third explosive section and the fourth explosive section are both provided with detonating powder bags, the detonating powder bags are provided with detonator leads, and the detonator leads extend out of the surface of the slope foot hole; Slope hole: a fifth explosive section is loaded into the slope hole, a blasthole plugging section is provided on the fifth explosive section, a detonating charge is provided in the fifth explosive section, a detonator lead is provided on the detonator lead, and the detonator lead extends out of the surface of the slope hole; S4: blasting network connection: connecting the detonator leads into a blasting network, which is then connected to a busbar; S5: Detonator connection: Set up a detonator outside the blasting area, connect the busbar to the detonator, and use the detonator to detonate after confirming that the blasting alert is safe.

2. A 65° slope blasting method for an open pit mine step according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the hole spacing of the slope hole surface is 3m, the hole spacing of the slope foot holes is 6m, the hole spacing of the main gun holes is 6m, the row spacing between the slope hole surface and the slope foot holes is 3m, the row spacing between the slope foot holes and the main gun holes is 6m, and the row spacing between the main gun holes is 6m.

3. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, the first explosive section is 4 m, the second explosive section is 4 m, the third explosive section is 3.5 m, the fourth explosive section is 3.5 m, and the fifth explosive section is 4 m.

4. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 1 is characterized by: The blasting network uses a millisecond difference hole-by-hole detonation method to carry out blasting.

5. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 1 is characterized by: In S3, the charge of each main gun hole is 135Kg to 140Kg, the charge of each slope foot hole is 115Kg to 120Kg, and the charge of each slope surface hole is 75Kg to 80Kg.

6. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 1 is characterized by: The detonating cap is a time-delay high-precision detonator.

7. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 4 is characterized by: The blasting network sets the slope holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the slope foot holes by 15 milliseconds, sets the slope foot holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, the blasting network delays the main gun holes by 30 milliseconds, sets the main gun holes to be detonated at intervals of 15 milliseconds, and sets them in sequence to the last row of main gun holes.

8. The method for blasting a 65° slope of an open-pit mine step according to claim 4 is characterized by: The distance between the detonator and the detonation area is greater than or equal to 300 meters.

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