Energy consumption calculation method for public office building energy auditing
By calculating the parameters of collecting electricity equipment for public office buildings and entering the energy consumption model, detailed split energy consumption is three parts: lighting, service and special equipment and air -conditioning systems, solving the inaccurate energy consumption calculation of public buildings in existing technologies. The problem has achieved easier and accurate energy consumption computing and energy saving support.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311698776.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-24
AI Technical Summary
The existing public buildings have diverse types of energy-using equipment and lack effective energy consumption calculation methods, resulting in inaccurate calculation of actual energy consumption.
Provide a energy consumption calculation method for the energy consumption of energy audit for public office buildings. By collecting electrical equipment parameters in the building, and entering the preset electric equipment energy consumption model, it can obtain the energy consumption of the building. This method has meticulously split energy consumption as a lighting system, service and special equipment and air -conditioning systems, and combined with field surveys to correct the computing formula coefficient.
It has achieved easier and accurate calculations for the energy consumption of public buildings, provides theoretical basis and data support for the energy conservation of public buildings, and provides a reference for the energy -saving and emission reduction policy for the energy department.
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Figure CN119358802A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy auditing, and in particular to an energy consumption calculation method for energy auditing of public office buildings. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, with the growth of the scale and average energy intensity of public buildings, energy consumption of public buildings has become the largest proportion of China's building energy consumption. In 2020, the national public building area was about 14 billion m2, and the total energy consumption of public buildings (excluding heating in the north) was 346 million tce, accounting for 33% of the total building energy consumption, of which electricity consumption was 1022.1 billion kWh. Factors such as the increase in the total area of public buildings, the increase in the proportion of large-scale public buildings, and the increase in energy demand have led to an increase in energy consumption per unit area of public buildings from 17kgce / m2 in 2001 to more than 24.7kgce / m2 in 2020. The energy intensity has increased rapidly, and the total energy consumption has increased significantly.
[0003] However, there are many types of energy-consuming equipment in existing public buildings, and there is a lack of effective calculation methods for the target building energy consumption. The general simple calculation method is to use the rated power of the equipment and the expected working time for calculation. In practice, the power of various types of equipment will change with the increase of service life, and the operating time of different types of equipment will also vary. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an energy consumption calculation method for energy auditing of public office buildings. Summary of the invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings, to provide a theoretical basis and data support for existing public building energy conservation, and also to provide a reference for the energy department to formulate relevant energy conservation and emission reduction policies.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
[0006] An energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings, comprising:
[0007] Collect parameters of electrical equipment in buildings;
[0008] The electrical equipment parameters are input into a preset electrical equipment energy consumption model to obtain building energy consumption, wherein the electrical equipment energy consumption model is constructed based on a combination of energy consumption of multiple electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment includes lighting equipment, service and special equipment, and air-conditioning equipment.
[0009] Furthermore, the parameters of the lighting equipment include: lighting area, area of the area, type of lighting fixtures, number of lighting fixtures, total power of lighting fixtures, and lighting on time.
[0010] Furthermore, the energy consumption model of the lighting equipment is:
[0011]
[0012] Among them, E L is the monthly energy consumption of lighting equipment; N i The number of single type of lamps installed; W i is the rated power of a single lamp; T id is the daily operating time of a single type of lamp, d is a working day; i is the type of lamps included in the building, k is the number of lamp types included in the building; A is the number of working days per month; It is the correction factor of the running time of a single type of lamp; Correction factor for the number of operating lamps of a single type; It is the power correction factor of a single type of lamp.
[0013] Furthermore, the parameters of the service and special equipment include: equipment type, equipment rated power, equipment quantity, equipment total power, and equipment daily start time.
[0014] Furthermore, the energy consumption model of the service and special equipment is:
[0015] E FT =AE FTD
[0016]
[0017] Among them, E FT Monthly power consumption for services and special equipment; E FTD Daily power consumption for services and special equipment; Correction factors for operating hours of individual services and special equipment; Power correction factor for single service and special equipment; N j The number of single services and special equipment; W j Rated power for single service and special equipment; T jd is the daily operating time of a single service and special equipment, j is the type of service and special equipment included in the building, and m is the number of service and special equipment types included in the building.
[0018] Furthermore, the air conditioning equipment includes: a cold and heat source host equipment and an air conditioning auxiliary equipment, and the parameters of the cold and heat source host equipment include the inlet and outlet water temperature of the chilled water, the inlet and outlet water temperature of the cooling chamber, the flow rate, the efficiency coefficient, and the power function;
[0019] The parameters of the air-conditioning auxiliary equipment include equipment type, rated power, number of openings in winter, number of openings in summer, and daily opening time of the equipment.
[0020] Furthermore, the energy consumption model of the cold and heat source host device is:
[0021]
[0022] Among them, E r is the annual energy consumption of the host equipment of the cold and hot sources, Δt is the time step, w r (q mp ) is t p The cooling or heating power of the host equipment corresponding to the cold and hot load at the moment, p is the different load condition types of the cold and hot source host equipment, and n is the total number of different load condition types of the cold and hot source host equipment.
[0023] Furthermore, the energy consumption model of the air-conditioning auxiliary equipment is:
[0024]
[0025] Among them, E fs Energy consumption of auxiliary equipment of air conditioning system; is the power correction factor of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system; w fs is the rated power of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system; T fs It refers to the operating time of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system.
[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0027] The present invention divides the target building energy consumption into three parts: lighting system energy consumption, service and special equipment energy consumption, and air-conditioning system energy consumption. It also corrects the coefficients of various calculation formulas in combination with on-site field survey equipment parameters, and establishes an energy consumption calculation model for energy auditing. It provides a simpler and more accurate calculation method for public building energy consumption auditing, provides a theoretical basis and data support for existing public building energy conservation, and can also provide a reference for the energy department to formulate relevant energy conservation and emission reduction policies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.
[0029] Figure 1 A flow chart of an energy consumption calculation method for energy auditing of public office buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 2 A comparison chart of actual energy consumption and calculated energy consumption in 2020 of an embodiment of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 3 A comparison chart of actual energy consumption and calculated energy consumption in 2021 of an embodiment of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the actual energy consumption and calculated energy consumption in 2022 of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0035] This embodiment provides an energy consumption calculation method for energy auditing of public office buildings. The energy consumption calculation model of public buildings is used to refine the energy consumption of the target building into three modules: lighting system energy consumption, service and special equipment energy consumption, and air conditioning system energy consumption, and the energy consumption of the target building is calculated and analyzed.
[0036] This example uses Xiangtan City's three museums as an example to conduct an on-site survey of the target building, obtain various parameters such as the target building's envelope structure, lighting system, various types of service equipment and air-conditioning system, and building energy consumption costs, calculate the target public building's lighting system, service and special equipment, and air-conditioning system energy consumption based on the survey data, and compare it with the actual energy consumption costs. The specific steps are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including:
[0037] (1) Energy consumption of lighting system
[0038] The lighting system of public buildings mainly includes: LED lamps, halogen lamps, ultraviolet sterilization lamps, incandescent lamps and other types of lamps. According to the actual survey of the "three museums" in Xiangtan City, some lighting system parameters of the target buildings are obtained as shown in Table 1:
[0039] Table 1
[0040]
[0041] According to the "Guidelines for Energy Audits of State Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings", the energy consumption of the lighting system can be obtained by the following formula:
[0042]
[0043] Among them, E L——Monthly energy consumption of lighting system, kWh / month; N i ——Number of single type of lamps installed, pieces; W i ——Rated power of a single lamp, kW; T i ——Monthly operating time of a single type of lamp, h / month; k——the number of lamp types contained in the building.
[0044] According to field research, due to different monthly light intensities and working days, all lamps are not turned on at the same time, which leads to inconsistent lamp operation time. In addition, due to different years of use, different correction factors need to be introduced:
[0045]
[0046] Among them, A——number of working days per month, day / month; ——Correction coefficient of the operating time of a single type of lamp; ——Correction factor for the number of operating single-type lamps; ——Power correction factor; T id ——Daily operating time of a single type of lamp, h / day.
[0047] (2) Energy consumption of services and special equipment
[0048] Public building services and special equipment mainly include: elevators, office equipment, data room equipment, etc. Based on the actual survey of the "three museums" in Xiangtan City, some service and special equipment parameters of the target building are obtained as shown in Table 2:
[0049] Table 2
[0050]
[0051] According to the "Guidelines for Energy Audits of State Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings", the energy consumption of the lighting system can be obtained by the following formula:
[0052] E FT =AE FTD
[0053] Among them, E FT ——Monthly power consumption of services and special equipment; E FTD ——Daily power consumption of services and special equipment, kWh / day.
[0054] Since some equipment has seasonal opening hours, such as refrigerators, freezers, water heaters, etc., the use time correction factor needs to be considered in the calculation. At the same time, there is a certain difference between the actual power and the rated power of the equipment, so a correction factor is used to correct the calculated value:
[0055]
[0056] in, ——Correction factor of single equipment operation time; ——Power correction factor of a single device; N j ——Number of single equipment, pieces; W j ——Rated power of a single device, kw; T jd ——Operating time of a single equipment, h / day.
[0057] (3) Air conditioning system energy consumption
[0058] The energy consumption of the air conditioning system is mainly composed of the energy consumption of the cold and heat source host and the energy consumption of the air conditioning system's auxiliary equipment. According to Wanlida's calculation method for the host energy consumption, it is known that since the air conditioning system host is turned on for a long time, the performance is attenuated. The actual efficiency coefficient COP of the host under different conditions is determined by actual measurement. r , thereby calculating the host energy consumption.
[0059]
[0060] Q mr =cρ w q r (t r2 -t r1 )
[0061] Where, c is the specific heat capacity of water, 4.2 kj / (kg*℃); ρ w ——Density of water, 1000kg / m 3 ;t r2 ——chilled water return temperature; t r1 ——chilled water outlet temperature, °C; q r ——Hourly water flow, m 3 / s;w r It is the actual energy consumption of the cold and hot source host, measured by a power meter.
[0062] By measuring the actual COP under different loads (load rates are 33%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 85%, and 100%), the power function w under different loads is obtained. r (q mp ). Therefore, in actual calculations, it is assumed that the time steps are equal (Δt n =Δt=1h), the host energy consumption is:
[0063]
[0064]
[0065] Among them, E r ——Annual energy consumption of the main unit of cold and hot source, kWh / year; w r (qmp )——t p The host cooling (heating) power corresponding to the cooling and heating loads at any moment, kw.
[0066] The auxiliary energy consumption of the air conditioning system mainly includes the energy consumption of the chilled water pump, cooling water pump, air conditioning terminal and other equipment. Assuming that the power of the fixed-frequency water pump, fixed-frequency fan and other equipment remains unchanged, the operating time and rated power of some auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system are obtained through field research as shown in Table 3:
[0067] Table 3
[0068]
[0069] Since there is a certain gap between the actual energy consumption of equipment and the rated energy consumption, a power meter is used to measure the real-time power of some equipment. A correction factor needs to be quoted to correct the energy consumption of each device:
[0070]
[0071] Among them, E fs ——Energy consumption of auxiliary equipment of air conditioning system, kwh / year; ——Power correction factor of auxiliary equipment of air conditioning system; w fs ——Rated power of auxiliary equipment of air conditioning system, kw; T fs ——Operation time of ancillary equipment of the air-conditioning system.
[0072] According to the method proposed in this implementation, the overall energy consumption of the target building from 2020 to 2022 is calculated, and some correction coefficients are shown in Table 4:
[0073] Table 4
[0074]
[0075] The calculation results of energy consumption of each energy-consuming system in 2020 are shown in Table 5:
[0076] Table 5
[0077]
[0078] The calculation results of energy consumption of each energy-consuming system in 2021 are shown in Table 6:
[0079] Table 6
[0080]
[0081] The calculation results of energy consumption of each energy-consuming system in 2022 are shown in Table 7:
[0082] Table 7
[0083]
[0084]
[0085] According to the above, the calculated energy consumption of the overall building of the "three museums" in 2020-2022 is 328.8tce, 348.5tce, and 374.9tce respectively, and the actual energy consumption obtained from the survey is 329.1tce, 355.0tce, and 396.9tce respectively. The relative errors of the actual power consumption (gas consumption) and the calculated power consumption (gas consumption) month by month within three years do not exceed 15%, which shows that the energy consumption calculation formula proposed in this embodiment has a certain accuracy. At the same time, this embodiment calculates the target building energy consumption according to the lighting system energy consumption, service and special equipment energy consumption, and air-conditioning system energy consumption. The results show that: the lighting system is turned on at a relatively close time each month, with almost no fluctuations throughout the year, and accounts for the smallest proportion of total energy consumption; the energy consumption of air conditioning and ancillary equipment accounts for the largest proportion, and fluctuates greatly with the seasons, with a large difference in energy consumption between the air-conditioning season and the non-air-conditioning season; however, since the target building is a public office building, according to field research, it can be seen that there are a large number of services and special equipment inside the building, such as desktop computers, printers, copiers, escalators, etc. At the same time, this type of equipment has a long usage time. Although it is not needed, it is usually mostly in the on state, which will result in a large proportion of its power consumption.
[0086] The comparison chart of actual and calculated energy consumption of the overall building of the "Three Museums" from 2020 to 2022 is as follows: Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, it can be seen that the overall energy consumption of the "three museums" in Xiangtan City calculated according to the "Guidelines for Energy Auditing of Office Buildings and Large Public Buildings of State Organs" has a large error with the actual value in the air-conditioning month. This is because the target building uses lithium bromide absorption chillers as cold and heat source units. After the air-conditioning system is turned on, the energy consumption of the target building increases sharply. At the same time, with the increase of service life, the COP of the refrigeration host will also decrease. Therefore, in the energy consumption calculation of the air-conditioning system, this article corrected the COP of the refrigeration host according to the measured data, and the corrected calculated energy consumption is closer to the actual energy consumption.
[0087] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for calculating energy consumption for energy audit of public office buildings, characterized in that: include: Collect parameters of electrical equipment in buildings; The electrical equipment parameters are input into a preset electrical equipment energy consumption model to obtain building energy consumption, wherein the electrical equipment energy consumption model is constructed based on a combination of energy consumption of multiple electrical equipment, and the electrical equipment includes lighting equipment, service and special equipment, and air-conditioning equipment.
2. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parameters of the lighting equipment include: lighting area, area of the area, type of lighting fixtures, number of lighting fixtures, total power of lighting fixtures, and lighting on time.
3. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy consumption model of the lighting equipment is: Among them, E L is the monthly energy consumption of lighting equipment; N i The number of single type of lamps installed; W i is the rated power of a single type of lamp; T id is the daily operating time of a single type of lamp, d is a working day; i is the type of lamps included in the building, k is the number of lamp types included in the building; A is the number of working days per month; It is the correction factor of the running time of a single type of lamp; Correction factor for the number of operating lamps of a single type; It is the power correction factor of a single type of lamp.
4. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The parameters of the service and special equipment include: equipment type, equipment rated power, equipment quantity, equipment total power, and equipment daily start time.
5. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The energy consumption model of the services and special equipment is: AND FT =AE FTD Among them, E FT Monthly power consumption for services and special equipment; E FTD Daily power consumption for services and special equipment; Correction factors for operating hours of individual services and special equipment; Power correction factor for single service and special equipment; N j The number of single services and special equipment; W j Rated power for single service and special equipment; T jd is the daily operating time of a single service and special equipment, j is the type of service and special equipment included in the building, and m is the number of service and special equipment types included in the building.
6. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The air conditioning equipment includes: a cold and heat source host equipment and air conditioning auxiliary equipment, and the parameters of the cold and heat source host equipment include the inlet and outlet water temperature of the chilled water, the inlet and outlet water temperature of the cooling chamber, the flow rate, the efficiency coefficient, and the power function; The parameters of the air-conditioning auxiliary equipment include equipment type, rated power, number of openings in winter, number of openings in summer, and daily opening time of the equipment.
7. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The energy consumption model of the cold and hot source host equipment is: Among them, E r is the annual energy consumption of the host equipment of the cold and hot sources, Δt is the time step, w r (q mp ) is t p The cooling or heating power of the host equipment corresponding to the cold and hot load at the moment, p is the different load condition types of the cold and hot source host equipment, and n is the total number of different load condition types of the cold and hot source host equipment.
8. The energy consumption calculation method for energy audit of public office buildings according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The energy consumption model of the air-conditioning auxiliary equipment is: Among them, E fs Energy consumption of auxiliary equipment of air conditioning system; is the power correction factor of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system; w fs is the rated power of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system; T fs It refers to the operating time of the auxiliary equipment of the air conditioning system.