Electric pile auxiliary cooling system, cooling method, vehicle and vehicle cabin cooling method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric pile auxiliary cooling system, a cooling method, a vehicle and a vehicle cabin cooling method. The technical problem that in the prior art, cooling efficiency is low through cooling liquid at present is solved. The electric pile auxiliary cooling system comprises a cooling loop and an auxiliary cooling unit, the auxiliary cooling unit comprises an actuator, a refrigerator and a water storage unit, the actuator comprises a first deformation part and a first heat exchange device which exchanges heat with the first deformation part, and the first heat exchange device is communicated with the cooling loop of an electric pile; the refrigerator comprises a second deformation part and a second heat exchange device which exchanges heat with the second deformation part; the water storage unit at least exchanges heat with the second heat exchange device; the first deformation part and the second deformation part are configured to shrink after absorbing heat and extend after releasing heat, and the first deformation part and the second deformation part are mechanically coupled. The working temperature of the galvanic pile can be controlled to be maintained within a reasonable range to a certain extent, cooling of a heat dissipation system of the galvanic pile is assisted, normal operation of the galvanic pile is guaranteed, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the galvanic pile is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically relates to a fuel cell stack auxiliary cooling system, a cooling method, and a vehicle and cabin cooling method. Background Art

[0002] The effective operating temperature of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is usually between 60°C and 80°C. When the temperature is too high, the proton exchange membrane will dehydrate, the conductivity will decrease, and the performance of the stack will deteriorate. In addition, since the proton exchange membrane is a polymer electrolyte, when the temperature approaches 100°C, the strength of the membrane will decrease. If the temperature is not cooled in time, micropores will appear in the membrane and mix with air through the micropores, affecting operational safety. In the process of using hydrogen to generate electricity in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, about 45% to 60% of the energy carried by hydrogen is converted into waste heat. The accumulation of waste heat will increase the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack, especially in the summer when the ambient temperature is high and the vehicle speed is high. It is difficult to maintain the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack at an optimal operating temperature, which affects the normal operation of the stack, resulting in poor hydrogen consumption of the entire vehicle, and is not conducive to the service life of the fuel cell stack.

[0003] In the prior art, coolant cooling is usually adopted, and the waste heat is cooled by circulating the coolant, but the cooling efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the current technical problem of low cooling efficiency through coolant, the present application provides a fuel cell stack auxiliary cooling system, a cooling method, and a vehicle and cabin cooling method.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a fuel cell stack auxiliary cooling system is provided, comprising a cooling circuit and an auxiliary cooling unit, wherein the auxiliary cooling unit comprises:

[0006] An actuator, comprising a first deformation portion and a first heat exchange device for performing heat exchange with the first deformation portion, wherein the first heat exchange device is connected to a cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack;

[0007] A refrigerator, comprising a second deformation portion and a second heat exchange device for performing heat exchange with the second deformation portion;

[0008] a water storage unit, performing heat exchange with at least the second heat exchange device;

[0009] Wherein, the first deformation part and the second deformation part are both configured to shrink when absorbing heat and expand when releasing heat, and the first deformation part and the second deformation part are mechanically coupled.

[0010] In some embodiments, the water storage unit performs heat exchange with both the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device;

[0011] A first valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the water storage unit and the second heat exchange device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the auxiliary cooling unit is provided with a first three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve is provided with two inlets and one outlet;

[0013] One inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the cooling circuit; the other inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the water storage unit; and the outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the first heat exchange device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the cooling circuit includes a water pump, a second valve, and a radiator connected in sequence;

[0015] The first three-way valve is located downstream of the water pump and connected in parallel with the second valve.

[0016] In some embodiments, the auxiliary cooling unit is provided with a second three-way valve, which is provided with an inlet and two outlets, the inlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the first heat exchange device; one of the outlets of the second three-way valve is connected to the cooling circuit and is located upstream of the radiator; the other outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the water storage unit.

[0017] In a second aspect of the present application, a cooling method for the above-mentioned stack auxiliary cooling system is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part;

[0019] The water storage unit is connected to the second heat exchange device, and the heat of the second heat exchange device is discharged through the cooling water in the water storage unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, when the water storage unit of the stack auxiliary cooling system is thermally connected to the first heat exchange device, the cooling method comprises the following steps:

[0021] The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part;

[0022] Connecting the water storage unit to the second heat exchange device, and discharging the heat of the second heat exchange device through the cooling water in the water storage unit;

[0023] When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit drops to the set temperature, the water storage unit is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first heat exchange device is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit, and the first heat exchange device exchanges heat with the first deformation part to cool the first deformation part and reset it.

[0024] In a third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned fuel cell auxiliary stack cooling system; the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the vehicle cabin.

[0025] In some embodiments, the second heat exchange device is connected to the vehicle cabin through a pipeline, and a third valve is provided on the pipeline.

[0026] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a method for cooling a cabin of the vehicle based on the above is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0027] The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part;

[0028] Connecting the water storage unit to the second heat exchange device, and discharging the heat of the second heat exchange device through the cooling water in the water storage unit;

[0029] When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit drops to the set temperature, the water storage unit is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first heat exchange device is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit, the first heat exchange device exchanges heat with the first deformation part to cool the first deformation part and reset it, and the first deformation part drives the second deformation part to contract and absorb heat through mechanical coupling;

[0030] The second heat exchange device is connected to the vehicle cabin so that the second heat exchange device and the vehicle cabin perform heat exchange, thereby cooling the vehicle cabin.

[0031] According to one or more embodiments of the present application, a battery stack auxiliary cooling system, a cooling method, and a vehicle and cabin cooling method are provided. The battery stack auxiliary cooling system includes a cooling circuit and an auxiliary cooling unit. The auxiliary cooling unit includes an actuator, a refrigerator and a water storage unit. The actuator includes a first deformation part and a first heat exchange device that performs heat exchange with the first deformation part, and the first heat exchange device is connected to the cooling circuit of the battery stack; the refrigerator includes a second deformation part and a second heat exchange device that performs heat exchange with the second deformation part; the water storage unit performs heat exchange with at least the second heat exchange device; wherein the first deformation part and the second deformation part are both configured to absorb heat and shrink, and release heat and expand, and the first deformation part and the second deformation part are mechanically coupled.

[0032] Among them, the first heat exchange device exchanges heat with the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack to absorb heat to make the first deformation part shrink from martensite to austenite, and the first deformation part stretches the second deformation part through a mechanical coupling part to make the second deformation part change from austenite to martensite and release heat. The second heat exchange device can exchange heat with the water storage unit to discharge the waste heat of the fuel cell stack. To a certain extent, it can control the operating temperature of the fuel cell stack to be maintained within a reasonable range, assist the cooling system of the fuel cell stack itself to cool down, ensure the normal operation of the fuel cell stack, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0033] The refrigerator and actuator of the present application use memory alloys to achieve phase change by absorbing heat or cooling, that is, using hot and cold fluids at different temperatures to perform heat exchange treatment on the memory alloys of the refrigerator and actuator during the stress loading / unloading stage, which can achieve the purpose of assisting the battery stack to continuously cycle, thereby discharging waste heat and allowing the fuel cell system to operate in the optimal temperature range as quickly as possible; in addition, the refrigerator absorbs heat from martensite to austenite to cool the vehicle, thereby improving the efficiency and economy of the system and playing the role of a car air conditioner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 A system flow chart of a stack auxiliary cooling system in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0035] Figure 2 Shows Figure 1 Flow chart of the cooling circuit and auxiliary cooling unit system of the fuel cell stack auxiliary cooling system.

[0036] Figure 3 Shows Figure 1 System diagram of the various pipelines in the fuel cell auxiliary cooling system.

[0037] Figure 4 Shows Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the first deformation part and the second deformation part.

[0038] Explanation of the reference numerals: 10 - auxiliary cooling system for the fuel cell stack, 100 - cooling circuit, 110 - water pump, 120 - second valve, 130 - radiator, 200 - auxiliary cooling unit, 210 - actuator, 211 - first deformation part, 212 - first heat exchange device, 220 - refrigerator, 221 - second deformation part, 222 - second heat exchange device, 230 - water storage unit, 231 - first valve; 240 - first three-way valve; 250 - second three-way valve; 260 - third valve; 270 - connecting piece; 280 - mechanical coupling piece; 20 - cabin; 30 - fuel cell stack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided an auxiliary cooling system for a fuel cell stack. The auxiliary cooling system 10 for the fuel cell stack includes a cooling circuit 100 and an auxiliary cooling unit 200. The auxiliary cooling unit 200 includes an actuator 210, a refrigerator 220 and a water storage unit 230. The actuator 210 includes a first deformation portion 211 and a first heat exchange device 212 for performing heat exchange with the first deformation portion 211. The first heat exchange device 212 is connected to the cooling circuit 100 of the fuel cell stack 30. The refrigerator 220 includes a second deformation portion 221 and a second heat exchange device 222 for performing heat exchange with the second deformation portion 221. The water storage unit 230 performs heat exchange with at least the second heat exchange device 222. The first deformation portion 211 and the second deformation portion 221 are both configured to absorb heat and shrink, and release heat and expand, and the first deformation portion 211 and the second deformation portion 221 are mechanically coupled.

[0041] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4As shown, the actuator 210 includes a first deformation part 211 and a first heat exchange device 212. The first deformation part 211 is a special shape memory alloy, which can undergo elastic deformation and return to its original state without stress. The first deformation part 211 is in a complete martensite phase at the initial room temperature. The first heat exchange device 212 is connected to the cooling circuit 100 of the battery stack 30. The cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 is water with a higher temperature. When the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 flows into the first heat exchange device 212, it can exchange heat with the first deformation part 211, so that the first deformation part 211 is heated. During the heating process, the first deformation part 211 can be transformed from martensite to austenite, wherein the temperature (As point) at which martensite is transformed into austenite is generally between 50°C and 80°C. In the process of the first deformation part 211 transforming from martensite to austenite, the first deformation part 211 will shrink. In some embodiments, the first heat exchange device 212 may be a heat exchanger. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation portion 211 by absorbing cooling water of a cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack 30 , thereby causing the first deformation portion 211 to undergo a phase change.

[0042] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4 As shown, the refrigerator 220 includes a second deformation portion 221 and a second heat exchange device 222. The second deformation portion 221 is a special shape memory alloy that can undergo elastic deformation and return to its original shape in the absence of stress. The contraction of the first deformation portion 211 will apply axial tensile stress to the second deformation portion 221 of the refrigerator 220 through mechanical coupling. At this time, the second deformation portion 221 will stretch, and the second deformation portion 221 will generate heat during the stretching process, releasing its own heat, and the ambient temperature of the second deformation portion 221 will increase. At this time, the water storage unit 230 is heat-exchanged with the second heat exchange device 222. The cooling water of the water storage unit 230 is water with the same ambient temperature. When the cooling water of the water storage unit 230 flows into the second heat exchange device 222, the heat released by the second deformation portion 221 can be discharged through heat exchange with the second heat exchange device 222. In some embodiments, the second heat exchange device 222 can be a heat exchanger. The second heat exchange device 222 absorbs the heat released by the second deformation part 221 by flowing in cooling water, thereby dissipating the heat of the cooling water in the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30, thereby achieving the purpose of discharging the waste heat of the battery stack 30. To a certain extent, it can control the operating temperature of the battery stack 30 to be maintained within a reasonable range, assist the cooling system of the battery stack 30 itself, ensure the normal operation of the battery stack 30, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack 30.

[0043] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the first deformation part 211 and the second deformation part 221 are mechanically coupled, and the first deformation part 211 and the second deformation part 221 are provided with connecting pieces 270 at the positions opposite to each other. The first deformation part 211 and the corresponding connecting piece 270 are fixed by special material glue, and the second deformation part 221 and the corresponding connecting piece 270 are fixed by special material glue, and the special material glue is for example ZS-1071 high temperature resistant inorganic adhesive. The connecting piece 270 can be a hard metal rod, for example, a hard metal device of a rod-like structure, which can transmit axial stress. The connecting piece 270 and the mechanical coupling piece 280 are fixedly connected by a high temperature resistant structural glue.

[0044] Thus, the heat in the cooling circuit 100 of the battery stack 30 is subjected to a first heat exchange through the first deformation part 211 and the first heat exchange device 212, and the heat of the battery stack 30 is transferred to the first deformation part 211, causing the first deformation part 211 to undergo phase change and absorb heat and shrink. The first deformation part 211 drives the second deformation part 221 to stretch and release heat through mechanical coupling, and a second heat exchange is performed with the water storage unit 230 through the second heat exchange device 222. The temperature of the water storage unit 230 is increased through heat exchange, thereby dissipating the waste heat of the battery stack 30. To a certain extent, the operating temperature of the battery stack 30 can be controlled to be maintained within a reasonable range, and the cooling system of the battery stack 30 itself is assisted to cool down, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the battery stack 30 and improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack 30. The memory alloys used in the refrigerator and actuator can achieve phase change by absorbing heat or cooling, that is, using hot and cold fluids at different temperatures to perform heat exchange treatment on the memory alloys of the refrigerator and actuator during the stress loading / unloading stage, which can achieve the purpose of assisting the battery stack to continuously cycle, thereby discharging waste heat and allowing the fuel cell system to work in the optimal temperature range as soon as possible.

[0045] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the water storage unit 230 performs heat exchange with the first heat exchange device 212 and the second heat exchange device 222; the cooling water in the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 enters the first heat exchange device 212 to cause the first deformation part 211 to heat up and undergo a phase change, and the first deformation part 211 absorbs heat and remains in a contracted state. If the first deformation part 211 needs to be reset, it needs to be cooled, and the room temperature water of the water storage unit 230 can be circulated with the first heat exchange device 212. When the room temperature water of the water storage unit 230 flows into the first heat exchange device 212, the first heat exchange device 212 performs heat exchange with the first deformation part 211, thereby causing the first deformation part 211 to cool down. The first deformation part 211 cools down and undergoes a phase change from austenite to the initial complete martensite phase, and the stress is unloaded. At this time, the second deformation part 221 will stretch, and the second deformation part 221 will absorb heat during the stretching process. At this time, the refrigerator 220 will absorb heat from the surrounding environment to produce a cooling effect.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a first valve 231 is provided on the pipeline connecting the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222. The first valve 231 may be an electric valve, and by controlling the opening and closing of the first valve 231, the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222 are circulated to achieve heat exchange.

[0047] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the auxiliary cooling unit 200 is provided with a first three-way valve 240, and the first three-way valve 240 is provided with two inlets and one outlet; one inlet of the first three-way valve 240 is communicated with the cooling circuit 100; the other inlet of the first three-way valve 240 is communicated with the water storage unit 230; and the outlet of the first three-way valve 240 is communicated with the first heat exchange device 212. By providing the first three-way valve 240 in the auxiliary cooling unit 200, the first heat exchange device 212 can be circulated with the cooling circuit 100, and the first heat exchange device 212 can also be circulated with the water storage unit 230, thereby realizing heat exchange in various ways.

[0048] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the cooling circuit 100 includes a water pump 110, a second valve 120 and a radiator 130 which are connected in sequence; by opening the water pump 110 and the second valve 120, the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the stack 30 can enter the radiator 130 along the water pump 110 and the second valve 120, and by cooling the water at the outlet of the stack 30 under the action of the radiator 130 so that the cooled water circulates into the inlet of the stack 30, the cooling circuit 100 can maintain the cooling water temperature stable, and further maintain the stability of the working temperature of the stack 30. In some embodiments, a fan is provided in the radiator 130 to ensure that the water at the outlet of the stack 30 is cooled after passing through the radiator 130.

[0049] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the first three-way valve 240 is located downstream of the water pump 110 and is connected in parallel with the second valve 120. The water outlet of the water pump 110 of the cooling circuit 100 is provided with a first branch and a second branch, the first branch is connected to the first heat exchange device 212 for heat exchange, and the second branch is connected to the radiator 130 for heat exchange.

[0050] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the auxiliary cooling unit 200 is provided with a second three-way valve 250, and the second three-way valve 250 is provided with an inlet and two outlets, the inlet of the second three-way valve 250 is communicated with the first heat exchange device 212; one of the outlets of the second three-way valve 250 is communicated with the cooling circuit 100 and is located upstream of the radiator 130; the other outlet of the second three-way valve 250 is communicated with the water storage unit 230. By providing the second three-way valve 250 in the auxiliary cooling unit 200, the first heat exchange device 212 can enter the radiator 130 for cooling, and the water of the first heat exchange device 212 can also return to the water storage unit 230.

[0051] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the water storage unit 230 includes a water tank, in which water at the same temperature as room temperature is stored for heat exchange with the first heat exchange device 212 and / or the second heat exchange device 222 .

[0052] In a second aspect of the present application, a cooling method for the above-mentioned stack auxiliary cooling system 10 is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0053] The cooling circuit 100 of the battery stack 30 is connected to the first heat exchange device 212, and the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit 100 and contracts, and drives the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 to stretch and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device 222 exchanges heat with the second deformation part 221; that is, by opening the inlet and outlet of the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240 connected to the first heat exchange device 212, the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 can enter the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240 and enter the first heat exchange device 212. Since the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling circuit of the stack 30 is relatively high, the temperature of the water flowing into the first heat exchange device 212 is relatively high, and the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is heated by the water in the first heat exchange device 212. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation part 211, and the first deformation part 211 absorbs the heat of the first heat exchange device 212. The first deformation part 211 undergoes phase change and shrinkage from martensite to austenite. In the initial state, the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is in full martensite at room temperature, and the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is in full austenite. After the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 heats up and shrinks, the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is subjected to axial tensile stress through mechanical coupling. At this time, the second deformation part 221 will stretch, and the second deformation part 221 will heat up during the stretching process, releasing its own heat. The second deformation portion 221 generates heat during the stretching process, and the ambient temperature rises. By opening the loop connecting the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222 , heat exchange is performed between the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222 .

[0054] In some embodiments, the water storage unit 230 is connected to the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat of the second heat exchange device 222 is discharged through the cooling water in the water storage unit 230. That is, by opening the first valve 231, the room temperature water of the water storage unit 230 can enter the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat released by the second deformation part 221 can be discharged through heat exchange with the second heat exchange device 222. It serves the purpose of discharging the waste heat of the battery stack 30, and to a certain extent can control the operating temperature of the battery stack 30 to be maintained within a reasonable range, assist the cooling system of the battery stack 30 itself to ensure the normal operation of the battery stack 30, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack 30.

[0055] In some embodiments, when the water storage unit 230 of the stack auxiliary cooling system 10 is thermally connected to the first heat exchange device 212, the cooling method includes the following steps:

[0056] The cooling circuit 100 of the battery stack 30 is connected to the first heat exchange device 212, and the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit 100 and contracts, and drives the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 to stretch and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device 222 exchanges heat with the second deformation part 221; that is, by opening the inlet and outlet of the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240 connected to the first heat exchange device 212, the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 can enter the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240 and enter the first heat exchange device 212. Since the temperature of the cooling water in the cooling circuit of the stack 30 is relatively high, the temperature of the water flowing into the first heat exchange device 212 is relatively high, and the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is heated by the water in the first heat exchange device 212. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation part 211, and the first deformation part 211 absorbs the heat of the first heat exchange device 212. The first deformation part 211 undergoes phase change and shrinkage from martensite to austenite. In the initial state, the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is in complete martensite at room temperature, and the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is in complete austenite. After the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 heats up and shrinks, the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is subjected to axial tensile stress through mechanical coupling. At this time, the second deformation part 221 will stretch, and the second deformation part 221 will heat up during the stretching process, releasing its own heat. The second deformable portion 221 generates heat during the stretching process, and the ambient temperature increases. By opening the loop connecting the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222 , heat exchange is performed between the water storage unit and the second heat exchange device 222 .

[0057] The water storage unit 230 is connected to the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat of the second heat exchange device 222 is discharged through the cooling water in the water storage unit 230; that is, by opening the first valve 231, the room temperature water in the water storage unit 230 can enter the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat released by the second deformation part 221 can be discharged through heat exchange with the second heat exchange device 222. It serves the purpose of discharging the waste heat of the battery stack 30, and to a certain extent can control the operating temperature of the battery stack 30 to be maintained within a reasonable range, assist the cooling system of the battery stack 30 itself to cool down, ensure the normal operation of the battery stack 30, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack 30.

[0058] When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit 230 is lowered to the set temperature, the water storage unit 230 is connected to the first heat exchange device 212, and the first heat exchange device 212 is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit 230. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation part 211 to cool the first deformation part 211 and reset it.

[0059] In other words, the water tank can be a water tank exposed to the external environment, that is, the water temperature in the water tank is at room temperature. During the heat exchange between the water tank and the second heat exchange device 222, the water tank will also exchange heat with the external environment. If the temperature of the water tank rises, the water tank can discharge heat to the external environment. Therefore, during the heat exchange between the water tank and the second heat exchange device 222, the temperature of the water tank will reach a dynamic balance, that is, slowly return to room temperature.

[0060] Therefore, if the first deformation part 211 needs to be reset, the loop connecting the water storage unit and the first heat exchange device 212 can be opened to allow the room temperature water in the water tank to exchange heat with the first heat exchange device 212, so that the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 cools down and undergoes a phase change, and the first deformation part 211 cools down and returns to the original complete martensite phase. At this time, the stress of the first deformation part 211 is unloaded, and the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is compressed by the axial compressive stress, and the second deformation part 221 is transformed from martensite to austenite, resulting in an endothermic phase change, and the refrigerator 220 produces a cooling effect to absorb the heat of the surrounding environment temperature.

[0061] In other embodiments, the second deformation portion 221 contracts to absorb heat, and the refrigerator 220 absorbs the heat of the ambient temperature. At this time, the cabin 20 can exchange heat with the refrigerator 220. The cabin 20 and the refrigerator 220 can exchange heat through pipelines. The hot air in the cabin 20 or the water in the pipeline exchange heat with the refrigerator 220. The refrigerator 220 exchanges heat with the hot air in the cabin 20 or the higher temperature water, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and realizing the refrigeration effect, thereby cooling the environment in the cabin 20, playing the role of air conditioning, and improving the overall economy.

[0062] In the third aspect of the present application, a vehicle is provided, comprising a fuel cell auxiliary stack 30 cooling system as described above; the specific structure of the fuel cell auxiliary stack 30 cooling system refers to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the fuel cell auxiliary stack 30 cooling system adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here one by one.

[0063] In some embodiments, the second heat exchange device 222 exchanges heat with the cabin 20. After the fluid in the second heat exchange device 222 is cooled, the second heat exchange device 222 and the passenger compartment of the cabin 20 can be cooled and cooled. The fuel cell auxiliary stack 30 cooling system of the present application can not only control the operating temperature of the PEMFC stack 30 to maintain within a reasonable range, PEMFC is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, but also cool the environment in the cabin 20, play the role of automobile air conditioning, and improve the efficiency and economy of the system.

[0064] In some embodiments, the second heat exchange device 222 is connected to the cabin 20 through a pipeline, and a third valve 260 is provided on the pipeline. The third valve 260 may be an electric valve. By controlling the opening and closing of the third valve 260, the second heat exchange device 222 performs heat exchange with the cabin 20 to achieve cooling and cooling of the cabin 20. In the case where the second deformation portion 221 contracts and absorbs heat, heat exchange with the cabin 20 may be performed by opening the third valve 260. The refrigerator 220 absorbs the heat of the ambient temperature. In some embodiments, the cabin 20 and the refrigerator 220 may perform heat exchange through the second heat exchange device 222. The cabin 20 may be a water cycle or air cycle of an air conditioner. The hot air or water of the cabin 20 performs heat exchange with the refrigerator 220. The refrigerator 220 performs heat exchange with the hot air or water with a higher temperature of the cabin 20, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and achieving the effect of cooling. The environment in the cabin 20 is cooled, and the function of air conditioning is played to improve the overall economy.

[0065] In a fourth aspect of the present application, a method for cooling a cabin 20 of the vehicle based on the above is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0066] The cooling circuit 100 of the fuel cell stack 30 is connected to the first heat exchange device 212. The first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit 100 and contracts, and drives the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 to stretch and release heat through mechanical coupling. The second heat exchange device 222 exchanges heat with the second deformation part 221. The actuator 210 absorbs heat and contracts, and stretches the refrigerator 220 to release heat through mechanical coupling.

[0067] It can be understood that, by opening the inlet and outlet of the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240 connected to the first heat exchange device 212, the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 can enter the first heat exchange device 212 through the water pump 110 and the first three-way valve 240. Since the water temperature of the cooling water of the cooling circuit of the battery stack 30 is relatively high, the water temperature flowing into the first heat exchange device 212 is relatively high, and the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is heated by the water in the first heat exchange device 212. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation part 211, and the first deformation part 211 absorbs the heat of the first heat exchange device 212. The first deformation part 211 undergoes phase change and shrinkage from martensite to austenite. In the initial state, the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 is in complete martensite (at room temperature), and the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is in complete austenite. After the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 heats up and contracts, an axial tensile stress is applied to the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 through mechanical coupling. At this time, the second deformation part 221 will stretch, and the second deformation part 221 will heat up during the stretching process, releasing its own heat. The second deformation part 221 will heat up during the stretching process, and the ambient temperature will rise. By opening the loop connecting the water storage unit 230 and the second heat exchange device 222, the water storage unit and the second heat exchange device 222 can exchange heat.

[0068] The water storage unit 230 is connected to the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat of the second heat exchange device 222 is discharged through the cooling water in the water storage unit 230; that is, by opening the first valve 231, the room temperature water in the water storage unit 230 can enter the second heat exchange device 222, and the heat released by the second deformation part 221 can be discharged through heat exchange with the second heat exchange device 222. It serves the purpose of discharging the waste heat of the battery stack 30, and to a certain extent can control the operating temperature of the battery stack 30 to be maintained within a reasonable range, assist the cooling system of the battery stack 30 itself to cool down, ensure the normal operation of the battery stack 30, and improve the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery stack 30.

[0069] When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit 230 is lowered to the set temperature, the water storage unit 230 is connected to the first heat exchange device 212, and the first heat exchange device 212 is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit 230. The first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the first deformation part 211 to reduce the temperature of the first deformation part 211 and reset it. The first deformation part 211 drives the second deformation part 221 to contract and absorb heat through mechanical coupling. The loop connecting the water storage unit 230 and the first heat exchange device 212 is opened, and the first heat exchange device 212 exchanges heat with the actuator 210 to reset and cool the actuator 210.

[0070] In other words, the water tank can be a water tank exposed to the external environment, that is, the water temperature in the water tank is at room temperature. During the heat exchange between the water tank and the second heat exchange device 222, the water tank will also exchange heat with the external environment. If the temperature of the water tank rises, the water tank can discharge heat to the external environment. Therefore, during the heat exchange between the water tank and the second heat exchange device 222, the temperature of the water tank will reach a dynamic balance, that is, slowly return to room temperature.

[0071] Therefore, if the first deformation part 211 needs to be reset, the circuit connecting the water storage unit and the first heat exchange device 212 can be opened to exchange heat between the room temperature water in the water tank and the first heat exchange device 212, so that the first deformation part 211 of the actuator 210 cools down and undergoes a phase change, and the first deformation part 211 cools down and returns to the original complete martensite phase. At this time, the stress of the first deformation part 211 is unloaded, and the second deformation part 221 of the refrigerator 220 is compressed by the axial compressive stress, and the second deformation part 221 is transformed from martensite to austenite, resulting in an endothermic phase change, and the refrigerator 220 has a cooling effect to absorb the heat of the surrounding environment temperature. The second deformation part 221 shrinks and absorbs heat, and the refrigerator 220 absorbs the heat of the surrounding temperature. At this time, the cabin 20 and the refrigerator 220 can exchange heat.

[0072] The second heat exchange device 222 is connected to the cabin 20 so that the second heat exchange device 222 and the cabin 20 can exchange heat, thereby cooling the cabin 20. The second heat exchange device 222 is turned on, and the second heat exchange device 222 and the cabin 20 can exchange heat. When the second deformation part 221 shrinks and absorbs heat, heat exchange can be performed with the cabin 20 by opening the third valve 260. The refrigerator 220 absorbs the heat of the ambient temperature, and the cabin 20 and the refrigerator 220 can exchange heat through the second heat exchange device 222. The cabin 20 can be a water cycle or air cycle of an air conditioner. The hot air or water in the cabin 20 can exchange heat with the refrigerator 220. The refrigerator 220 exchanges heat with the hot air or water with a higher temperature in the cabin 20, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling and achieving the effect of cooling. The environment in the cabin 20 is cooled, and the function of air conditioning is played to improve the overall economy.

[0073] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0074] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0075] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0076] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0077] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stack auxiliary cooling system, comprising a cooling circuit, characterized in that: Also included is an auxiliary cooling unit, the auxiliary cooling unit comprising: An actuator, comprising a first deformation portion and a first heat exchange device for performing heat exchange with the first deformation portion, wherein the first heat exchange device is connected to a cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack; A refrigerator, comprising a second deformation portion and a second heat exchange device for performing heat exchange with the second deformation portion; a water storage unit, performing heat exchange with at least the second heat exchange device; Wherein, the first deformation part and the second deformation part are both configured to shrink when absorbing heat and expand when releasing heat, and the first deformation part and the second deformation part are mechanically coupled.

2. The stack auxiliary cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water storage unit performs heat exchange with both the first heat exchange device and the second heat exchange device; A first valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the water storage unit and the second heat exchange device.

3. The stack auxiliary cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auxiliary cooling unit is provided with a first three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve is provided with two inlets and one outlet; One inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the cooling circuit; the other inlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the water storage unit; and the outlet of the first three-way valve is connected to the first heat exchange device.

4. The stack auxiliary cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The cooling circuit includes a water pump, a second valve and a radiator which are connected in sequence; The first three-way valve is located downstream of the water pump and connected in parallel with the second valve.

5. The stack auxiliary cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The auxiliary cooling unit is provided with a second three-way valve, which is provided with an inlet and two outlets, the inlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the first heat exchange device; one of the outlets of the second three-way valve is connected to the cooling circuit and is located upstream of the radiator; the other outlet of the second three-way valve is connected to the water storage unit.

6. A cooling method for a stack auxiliary cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The steps include: The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part; The water storage unit is connected to the second heat exchange device, and the heat of the second heat exchange device is discharged through the cooling water in the water storage unit.

7. The stack auxiliary cooling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the case where the water storage unit of the stack auxiliary cooling system is thermally connected to the first heat exchange device; the cooling method comprises the following steps: The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part; Connecting the water storage unit to the second heat exchange device, and discharging the heat of the second heat exchange device through the cooling water in the water storage unit; When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit drops to the set temperature, the water storage unit is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first heat exchange device is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit, and the first heat exchange device exchanges heat with the first deformation part to cool the first deformation part and reset it.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: include: The fuel cell auxiliary stack cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the vehicle cabin.

9. The vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that The second heat exchange device is connected to the vehicle cabin through a pipeline, and a third valve is provided on the pipeline.

10. A vehicle cabin cooling method according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: The cooling circuit of the fuel cell stack is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first deformable part of the actuator absorbs the heat of the coolant in the cooling circuit and contracts, and drives the second deformable part of the refrigerator to extend and release heat through mechanical coupling, and the second heat exchange device exchanges heat with the second deformable part; Connecting the water storage unit to the second heat exchange device, and discharging the heat of the second heat exchange device through the cooling water in the water storage unit; When the temperature of the cooling water in the water storage unit drops to the set temperature, the water storage unit is connected to the first heat exchange device, the first heat exchange device is cooled by the cooling water in the water storage unit, the first heat exchange device exchanges heat with the first deformation part to cool the first deformation part and reset it, and the first deformation part drives the second deformation part to contract and absorb heat through mechanical coupling; The second heat exchange device is connected to the vehicle cabin so that the second heat exchange device and the vehicle cabin perform heat exchange, thereby cooling the vehicle cabin.

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