An electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an electric drive type seed-fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device, which comprises a seed box, a seed dispenser, a seed discharge pipe, a distributor, a discharge pipe, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer dispenser, a fertilizer conveying pipe, a furrow opener, a frame and a controller; the discharge opening of the seed box is communicated with the feeding opening of the seed dispenser; the discharge opening of the seed dispenser is communicated with the feeding opening of the seed discharge pipe; the lower end of the seed discharge pipe is installed at the upper end of the distributor; the discharge pipe is installed at the lower end of the distributor; the discharge opening of the fertilizer box is communicated with the feeding opening of the fertilizer dispenser; the discharge opening of the fertilizer dispenser is communicated with the feeding opening of the fertilizer conveying pipe; the lower end of the fertilizer conveying pipe is installed at the upper end of the distributor; and the distributor and the furrow opener are fixedly installed; the distributor comprises a shell, and the upper end of the shell is provided with a feeding opening; the problems that the existing mechanical seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machine cannot accurately control the fertilizer consumption and causes waste due to the inconsistent seeding amount caused by the chain or belt abrasion after long-time operation and the poor seed-fertilizer synchronization are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to an electric drive type seed-fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern agriculture, precision seeding and fertilization is one of the key steps to improve crop yield and quality. Traditional seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machines mostly adopt mechanical design, and the core working components thereof include a seed metering device, a fertilizer metering device, an opener, a seed delivery tube, a fertilizer delivery tube and a walking wheel, etc. The seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machine is pulled forward by a tractor, and the walking wheel drives the whole seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machine to move. In this process, the walking wheel is connected to the seed metering device and the fertilizer metering device through a chain or a belt, so that they rotate with the rotation of the walking wheel. The seed metering device takes seeds out of a seed box through rotation and sends the seeds to the trench opened by the opener through the seed delivery tube. At the same time, the fertilizer metering device releases fertilizers according to a set proportion, so that the fertilizers fall into the trench together with the seeds.

[0003] Although the above-mentioned mechanical seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machine can meet the needs of agricultural production to some extent, it has some obvious shortcomings. First, the seeding precision of such equipment is poor, especially after long-time operation, the wear of the chain or the belt will lead to inconsistent seeding amount, which affects the consistency of crop growth; second, the mechanical seed metering device often cannot accurately control the amount of fertilizers, which leads to waste of fertilizers, especially for expensive bio-organic fertilizers, which undoubtedly increases the production cost; in addition, the synchronization of the traditional seed metering device and the fertilizer metering device is poor, which affects the growth effect of crops.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent an electric drive type seed-fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device to solve the above-mentioned problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides an electric drive type seed-fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device to solve the problems of inconsistent seeding amount caused by wear of the chain or the belt after long-time operation, inability to accurately control the amount of fertilizers and poor synchronization of the seed metering device and the fertilizer metering device of the existing mechanical seed-fertilizer same-hole seeding machine.

[0006] The present application is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme:

[0007] The utility model provides an electric drive type seed and fertilizer same hole precision seeding device, including seed box, seed metering device, seed metering tube, distributor, discharge pipe, fertilizer box, fertilizer metering device, fertilizer conveying pipe, furrow opener, frame, controller, the discharge port of seed box communicates with the feed inlet of seed metering device, the discharge port of seed metering device communicates with the feed inlet of seed metering tube, and the lower end of seed metering tube is installed in the upper end of distributor, and discharge pipe is installed in the lower end of distributor, the discharge port of fertilizer box communicates with the feed inlet of fertilizer metering device, the discharge port of fertilizer metering device communicates with the feed inlet of fertilizer conveying pipe, and the lower end of fertilizer conveying pipe is installed in the upper end of distributor, and seed metering tube is fixed with furrow opener through frame.

[0008] The distributor includes a housing, an upper end of the housing is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet of the housing is communicated with the discharge outlet of the seed metering tube and the discharge outlet of the fertilizer conveying pipe, a lower end of the housing is provided with a discharge outlet, the discharge outlet of the housing is communicated with the feed inlet of the discharge pipe, a front end of the housing is provided with a support shield, a front end of the support shield is provided with a precision control motor, an output shaft of the precision control motor is fixed with a driving cam at an end, the housing is rotatably connected with a left driven cross rod and a right driven cross rod, the left driven cross rod and the right driven cross rod are rotatably connected through a connecting piece, the driving cam is in transmission connection with the right driven cross rod, the left driven cross rod is fixed with a left distribution plate, the right driven cross rod is fixed with a right distribution plate, the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate are oppositely arranged and abut at opposite ends, a left reset spring is arranged between the left driven cross rod and the housing, and a right reset spring is arranged between the right driven cross rod and the housing; the controller is in electrical connection with the precision control motor.

[0009] Further, the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate are concave and oppositely arranged, and the left distribution plate and the right distribution plate cooperatively form a concave seed and fertilizer groove.

[0010] Further, a sliding groove is formed in the connecting piece, a front end of the right driven cross rod is fixed with a sliding rod horizontally, a rear end of the sliding rod is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the front end of the sliding rod is in contact with a protruding part of the driving cam, and the connecting piece is rotatably connected with the left driven cross rod.

[0011] Further, dustproof baffles are arranged on left and right sides of the housing.

[0012] Further, the seed metering device is an electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc, and the controller is in electrical connection with a motor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc and a seed metering sensor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc.

[0013] Further, the fertilizer metering device is an electrically-driven fertilizer metering device, and the controller is in electrical connection with a motor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device and a flow sensor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device.

[0014] Further, the furrow opener is a disc furrow opener.

[0015] Further, the controller is a single-chip microcomputer.

[0016] The present application has reasonable and reliable structure design, realizes accurate quantification and positioning of seeds and fertilizers through combination of precise mechanical structure and electronic control system, solves the problem of inconsistent seeding amount caused by chain or belt wear of traditional mechanical equipment, since the distributor can control input of seeds and fertilizers at the same time, and the conveying path is short, synchronization of the two into seed holes is ensured, which is beneficial to crop growth and development; at the same time, through accurate control of the amount of fertilizer, especially for expensive biological organic fertilizer, the amount of fertilizer is significantly reduced, and the agricultural production cost is reduced; in addition, the compact and lightweight design plus the efficient internal transmission mechanism not only facilitates installation and movement, but also reduces the requirements for traction machinery, so that the distributor can complete a large amount of seeding task in a short time, and the working efficiency of the whole seeding device is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a plane structure schematic diagram of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure One .

[0019] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure Two .

[0020] Figure 4 is a structure schematic diagram of the distributor in the present application Figure One .

[0021] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the distributor in the present application Figure Two .

[0022] Figure 6 is a structure schematic diagram of the distributor in the present application Figure Three .

[0023] In the figure: 1, seed tank; 2, seed metering device; 3, distributor; 4, discharge pipe; 5, fertilizer tank; 6, fertilizer metering device; 7, fertilizer conveying pipe; 8, furrow opener; 9, housing; 10, support guard; 11, precision control motor; 12, driving cam; 13, left driven cross rod; 14, right driven cross rod; 15, connecting piece; 16, left distribution plate; 17, right distribution plate; 18, left return spring; 19, right return spring; 20, sliding groove; 21, sliding rod; 22, dust baffle; 23, seed discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] An electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole accurate seeding device, as shown in the accompanying Figure 1 Figure 6 ​As shown, it comprises a seed box 1, a seed dispenser 2, a seed discharge pipe 23, a distributor 3, a discharge pipe 4, a fertilizer box 5, a fertilizer dispenser 6, a fertilizer conveying pipe 7, an opener 8, a frame, a controller; the discharge port of the seed box 1 is communicated with the feeding port of the seed dispenser 2, the discharge port of the seed dispenser 2 is communicated with the feeding port of the seed discharge pipe 23, the lower end of the seed discharge pipe 23 is installed on the upper end of the distributor 3, the discharge pipe 4 is installed on the lower end of the distributor 3, the discharge port of the fertilizer box 5 is communicated with the feeding port of the fertilizer dispenser 6, the discharge port of the fertilizer dispenser 6 is communicated with the feeding port of the fertilizer conveying pipe 7, the lower end of the fertilizer conveying pipe 7 is installed on the upper end of the distributor 3, and the seed discharge pipe 23 is fixed with the opener 8 through the frame.

[0025] In the application, the seed dispenser 2 and the seed discharge pipe 23 constitute a material conveying path of seeds from the seed box 1 to the distributor 3, and the fertilizer dispenser 6 and the fertilizer conveying pipe 7 constitute a material conveying path of fertilizers from the fertilizer box 5 to the distributor 3.

[0026] The distributor 3 comprises a shell 9, the upper end of the shell 9 is provided with a feeding port, the feeding port of the shell 9 is communicated with the discharge port of the seed discharge pipe 23 and the discharge port of the fertilizer conveying pipe 7 respectively, the lower end of the shell 9 is provided with a discharge port, the discharge port of the shell 9 is communicated with the feeding port of the discharge pipe 4, the front end of the shell 9 is installed with a support guard 10, the front end of the support guard 10 is installed with a precision control motor 11, the end of the output shaft of the precision control motor 11 is fixed with a driving cam 12, the inner cavity of the shell 9 is rotatably connected with a left driven cross rod 13 and a right driven cross rod 14, the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 are rotatably connected through a connecting piece 15, the driving cam 12 is in transmission connection with the right driven cross rod 14, the left driven cross rod 13 is fixed with a left distribution plate 16, the right driven cross rod 14 is fixed with a right distribution plate 17, the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are oppositely arranged and the opposite ends of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are attached, the left driven cross rod 13 and the shell 9 are installed with a left reset spring 18, and the right driven cross rod 14 and the shell 9 are installed with a right reset spring 19; the controller is in electrical connection with the precision control motor 11.

[0027] The left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are both concave and oppositely arranged, and the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 cooperate to form a concave seed and fertilizer groove.

[0028] The upper end of the shell 9 of the distributor 3 is provided with an inlet for receiving the seeds discharged by the seed tube 23 and the fertilizer delivered by the fertilizer tube 7, so that the seeds and the fertilizer enter the concave seed-fertilizer groove formed by the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 together; the lower end of the shell 9 is provided with an outlet connected to the inlet of the discharge tube 4, so as to send the processed material into the seed hole opened by the furrow opener 8. Since the distance from the discharge to the entry into the soil is very short, the possibility of loss or deviation of the seeds and the fertilizer during the transmission process is reduced, which ensures that the seeds and the fertilizer can be accurately dropped into the seed hole opened by the furrow opener 8, and improves the accuracy of seeding.

[0029] In the present application, the shell 9, the support cover 10, the precision control motor 11, the drive cam 12, the left driven cross rod 13, the right driven cross rod 14, the connecting piece 15, the left distribution plate 16, the right distribution plate 17, the left reset spring 18 and the right reset spring 19 together constitute a precise distribution mechanism for controlling the dropping process of the seeds and the fertilizer. Through the instruction of the controller, the precision control motor 11 drives the drive cam 12 to rotate, and then drives the connecting piece 15 and the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 connected thereto to rotate towards each other, so as to realize the accurate control of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 from the closed state to the open state, and the left reset spring 18 and the right reset spring 19 ensure the automatic recovery of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 from the open state to the closed state. This process ensures that the seeds and the fertilizer can accurately fall into the predetermined position during each seeding, and realizes the accurate positioning of the seeds and the fertilizer. Since the distributor 3 can control the dropping of the seeds and the fertilizer at the same time, it ensures that the two enter the seed hole synchronously, which is beneficial to the growth and development of crops. In addition, the compact and lightweight design and the efficient internal transmission mechanism not only facilitate installation and movement, but also reduce the requirements for the traction machinery, so that the distributor 3 can complete a large amount of seeding tasks in a short time, and improve the working efficiency of the entire seeding device.

[0030] A sliding groove 20 is formed in the connecting piece 15, and the front end of the right driven cross rod 14 is horizontally fixed with a sliding rod 21, the rear end of the sliding rod 21 is slidingly connected in the sliding groove 20, the front end of the sliding rod 21 is in contact with the protruding part of the drive cam 12, and the connecting piece 15 is rotationally connected with the left driven cross rod 13.

[0031] The structure design of the sliding groove 20 and the sliding rod 21 allows the right driven cross rod 14 to slide appropriately according to the action of the drive cam 12, so as to better control the opening and closing action of the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17.

[0032] The left side and the right side of the shell 9 are both provided with dustproof baffle plates 22.

[0033] The dust baffle 22 is designed to protect the structure inside the shell 9 from the external soil or sundries, prolong the service life of the seeding device, keep the working environment clean, and help improve the seeding accuracy.

[0034] The seed metering device 2 is an electrically-driven air-suction seed metering device, and the controller is electrically connected with the motor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering device and the seed metering sensor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering device.

[0035] The fertilizer metering device 6 is an electrically-driven fertilizer metering device, and the controller is electrically connected with the motor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device and the flow sensor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device.

[0036] The electrically-driven air-suction seed metering device and the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device can accurately control the discharging amount of seeds and fertilizers, solve the problem of inconsistent seeding amount caused by the wear of chains or belts in traditional mechanical devices, and significantly reduce the use amount of fertilizers, especially the expensive bio-organic fertilizers, thereby reducing the agricultural production cost.

[0037] The furrow opener 8 is a disc furrow opener.

[0038] The controller is a single-chip microcomputer.

[0039] In use, first, the seeds are put into the seed box 1, the fertilizer is put into the fertilizer box 5, and the disc opener is connected with the tractor, then the tractor pulls the seeding device forward, at this time, the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 keep the closed state of close, the controller starts the electric drive air suction seed plate and sends a seed into the seed fertilizer groove through the seed tube 23, at the same time, the controller starts the electric drive fertilizer distributor and sends the set amount of fertilizer into the seed fertilizer groove through the fertilizer conveying pipe 7, when the seeding device reaches the seed hole, the controller starts the precision control motor 11, the output shaft of the precision control motor 11 rotates and drives the driving cam 12 to rotate, the protruding part of the driving cam 12 gradually approaches and pushes the sliding rod 21, the sliding rod 21 slides along the sliding groove 20 and drives the right driven cross rod 14 to rotate inward, since the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 are rotationally connected through the connecting piece 15, the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 simultaneously rotate towards each other, at the same time, the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 drive the corresponding left distribution plate 16 and right distribution plate 17 to rotate inward at the same time, at this time, the seed and the fertilizer in the seed fertilizer groove are accurately put into the seed hole through the discharge pipe 4, the driving cam 12 continues to rotate, the protruding part gradually leaves the sliding rod 21, and the sliding rod 21 is no longer pushed, under the action of no external force, the restoring force of the left return spring 18 and the right return spring 19 pulls the left driven cross rod 13 and the right driven cross rod 14 back to the original position, so that the left distribution plate 16 and the right distribution plate 17 are re-closed, ready for the next seeding, thereby completing the use of the seeding device; the problems that the existing mechanical type seed fertilizer same hole seeder has the problems of inconsistent seeding amount after long time operation due to chain or belt wear, unable to accurately control the amount of fertilizer, thereby causing waste, and poor synchronization of seed and fertilizer are overcome.

[0040] In the specific implementation process, the seeding device is close to the ground, so that the seed and the fertilizer can be directly and stably put into the seed hole, and this mode is helpful to realize higher seeding precision.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An electrically driven precision seed and fertilizer sowing device, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a kind of seeders, including seed tank (1), seed metering device (2), seed tube (23), distributor (3), discharge pipe (4), fertilizer tank (5), fertilizer metering device (6), fertilizer pipe (7), furrow opener (8), rack, controller;The discharge opening of seed tank (1) is communicated with the feed inlet of seed metering device (2), the discharge opening of seed metering device (2) is communicated with the feed inlet of seed tube (23), the lower end of seed tube (23) is installed on the upper end of distributor (3), discharge pipe (4) is installed on the lower end of distributor (3), the discharge opening of fertilizer tank (5) is communicated with the feed inlet of fertilizer metering device (6), the discharge opening of fertilizer metering device (6) is communicated with the feed inlet of fertilizer pipe (7), the lower end of fertilizer pipe (7) is installed on the upper end of distributor (3), and seed tube (23) is fixed with furrow opener (8) by rack; The distributor (3) includes a housing (9), the upper end of the housing (9) is provided with an inlet, and the inlet of the housing (9) is respectively communicated with the discharge opening of the seed tube (23) and the discharge opening of the fertilizer pipe (7), the lower end of the housing (9) is provided with an outlet, and the outlet of the housing (9) is communicated with the inlet of the discharge pipe (4), the front end of the housing (9) is provided with a support shield (10), the front end of the support shield (10) is provided with a precision control motor (11), the end of the output shaft of the precision control motor (11) is fixed with a driving cam (12), the inner cavity of the housing (9) is rotatably connected with a left driven cross rod (13) and a right driven cross rod (14), the left driven cross rod (13) and the right driven cross rod (14) are rotatably connected through a connecting piece (15), the driving cam (12) is in transmission connection with the right driven cross rod (14), the left driven cross rod (13) is fixed with a left distribution plate (16), the right driven cross rod (14) is fixed with a right distribution plate (17), the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are oppositely arranged, and the opposite ends of the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are attached, the left driven cross rod (13) and the housing (9) are provided with a left reset spring (18), and the right driven cross rod (14) and the housing (9) are provided with a right reset spring (19); the controller is in electrical connection with the precision control motor (11).

2. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) are concave and oppositely arranged, and the left distribution plate (16) and the right distribution plate (17) cooperate to form a concave seed and fertilizer groove.

3. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding groove (20) is formed in the connecting piece (15), the front end of the right driven cross rod (14) is fixed with a sliding rod (21), the rear end of the sliding rod (21) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (20), the front end of the sliding rod (21) is in contact with the protruding part of the driving cam (12), and the connecting piece (15) is rotatably connected with the left driven cross rod (13).

4. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left side and the right side of the housing (9) are provided with dust baffle plates (22).

5. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering device (2) is an electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc, and the controller is in electrical connection with the motor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc and the seed metering sensor of the electrically-driven air-suction seed metering disc.

6. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer metering device (6) is an electrically-driven fertilizer metering device, and the controller is in electrical connection with the motor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device and the flow sensor of the electrically-driven fertilizer metering device.

7. The electric drive type seed and fertilizer same-hole precision seeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opener (8) is a disc opener. 8.The electrically-driven seed and fertilizer same-hole precision planting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller is a single-chip microcomputer.

Images