Pilot-scale test rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding agroecological system

Abstract

The invention discloses a pilot plant test rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding agroecosystem, and relates to the technical field of rice and fish interaction, the pilot plant test rice and fish comprehensive planting and breeding agroecosystem comprises a breeding system and a planting system, the planting system comprises a rice pond and a buffer filter pond, the buffer filter pond is communicated with the rice pond through an overflow port, and the breeding system comprises a breeding pond, a sedimentation pond and a filtering mechanism which are circularly communicated end to end; the rice pond is communicated with the culture pond through a pipeline, the buffer filter pond is communicated with the settling pond through a pipeline, the rice pond is used for planting rice, and the culture pond is used for culturing aquatic products. According to the rice-fishery interaction agricultural scientific research experiment facility, a breeding system and a planting system are independent of each other and can be connected with each other, the breeding environment is isolated from the planting environment, and breeding water of aquaculture and planting water of rice planting are communicated and complemented; therefore, the scientific research experiment purposes that experimental factors are not controllable and substance exchange is not controllable in rice-fish interaction are achieved, the yield in the rice-fish interaction process is improved, and rapid and sustainable development of rice-fish interaction is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rice-fish interaction, and in particular to a pilot rice-fish integrated breeding agricultural ecosystem. Background Art

[0002] The current domestic rice-fish interaction model is mainly to raise the ridges on the farmland, and then dig a water surface no larger than 10% of the farmland area around the farmland. After sowing the rice seedlings, aquatic farming products such as fish, shrimp, and turtle are released into the farmland. The ecological balance system of aquatic animals, rice crops, and other materials are used in an efficient manner to increase rice production, increase aquatic products, increase the added value of farmland, and increase income.

[0003] Integrated rice-fish farming, also known as rice-fish interaction, is an ecological agricultural model that organically combines rice planting with aquaculture. Rice fields are used to organically combine rice planting with fish farming, and a certain number of fish are released during the rice planting process. The shallow water environment of rice fields provides a habitat and food source for the growth of fish, and the fish constantly wander and forage in the rice fields to achieve the effect of weeding and even disease prevention and insect control. At the same time, fish excrete manure to promote rice growth and reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Rice-fish interaction is a typical three-dimensional ecological composite planting system that promotes the recycling of materials and multi-level flow of energy in the rice field ecosystem, which is beneficial to the stability of the rice field ecosystem and improves the utilization efficiency of rice field resources; at the same time, it can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in rice fields and improve the living environment of rice fields. Therefore, rice-fish interaction has become a new technical model for the development of modern ecological circular agriculture.

[0004] However, although the rice-fish interaction model combines and complements aquaculture and planting, it is not efficient in water resource utilization. Moreover, as time goes by, the feeding of aquaculture feed increases, and a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter will accumulate in the entire system. These accumulations cannot be effectively absorbed and utilized by the planted rice. The fertilizer in the water system is too high, and the rice roots rot and lodging occur, which directly leads to a reduction in rice production. The microbial balance system maintained by ecological elements such as rice and soil gradually becomes unbalanced and cannot support the survival of fish. The water quality deteriorates, further exacerbating the reduction in farmed fish production. Systematic collapse is easy to occur in the entire interactive system, and the vicious cycle between aquaculture and planting intensifies, ultimately leading to a reduction in both planting and aquaculture.

[0005] The current rice-fish interaction model has the following specific shortcomings: the amount of water is difficult to control, and the water control requirements during the rice maturity period limit the breeding of aquatic animals; rice drugs control insects and fertilizers seriously restrict the growth of aquatic animals; aquaculture uses a large amount of bait, the water body has excess nutrients, and rice cannot be timely or the nutrients are greater than the rice demand, resulting in the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter, further exacerbating the deterioration of water quality, seriously affecting the growth of aquatic animals, survival rate and quality of aquatic products; there is a certain time difference between rice harvesting and breeding and fishing, and the predicted income deviation is large. How to use existing technologies for reasonable combination and innovation, and break through the key technologies of environmental factors controllable during rice-fish interaction has become a key link in improving the quality and efficiency and transformation and upgrading of modern ecological circular agriculture. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, so that the experimental conditions required for fish farming and rice planting can be independently controlled and interactively connected, thereby promoting the improvement of quality and efficiency of modern ecological circular agriculture.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem, comprising a farming system and a planting system, wherein the planting system comprises a rice pond and a buffer filtration pond, wherein the buffer filtration pond is connected with the rice pond through an overflow port, and the farming system comprises a farming pond, a sedimentation pond and a filtering mechanism which are connected in a head-to-tail circulation manner, wherein the rice pond is connected with the farming pond through a pipeline, wherein the buffer filtration pond is connected with the sedimentation pond through a pipeline, wherein the rice pond is used for planting rice, and the farming pond is used for breeding aquatic products.

[0009] Preferably, the planting system comprises several groups arranged in parallel.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of the breeding ponds are arranged in parallel, each of the breeding ponds is connected to a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both provided with valves, and the water outlet pipe is also connected to a drain pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of water inlet branch pipes are evenly distributed at one end of the rice pond, and the buffer filter tank is arranged at the other end, and each water inlet branch pipe is provided with a valve; and a liquid level device is arranged in the rice pond.

[0012] Preferably, at least two buffer filter tanks are adjacently arranged, and the overflow outlets on adjacent buffer filter tanks are staggered.

[0013] Preferably, the area of ​​the buffer filter pool is not greater than 1 / 10 of the area of ​​the rice pool; each of the buffer filter pools is provided with a filter material, the filter material includes at least one of a primary filter material, a secondary filter material and a tertiary filter material, the primary filter material includes fine sand and small gravel, the secondary filter material includes coral stone and ceramic rings, and the tertiary filter material includes ceramic rings and antibacterial cotton.

[0014] Preferably, the last layer of the buffer filter pool is connected to the sedimentation tank through a pump body and a pipeline, and three outlet branches are arranged on the buffer filter pool to be connected to the sedimentation tank, and each of the outlet branches is provided with a valve.

[0015] Preferably, a microfilter is provided between the breeding pond and the sedimentation tank.

[0016] Preferably, each of the culture ponds is provided with an oxygenation mechanism, which is an aerator.

[0017] Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a floating bed filter tower, a thermostat is arranged between the floating bed filter tower and the sedimentation tank, and the control temperature of the thermostat is 15°C-35°C.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] The present invention proposes a novel rice-fish interaction agricultural scientific research experimental facility in which the breeding system and the planting system are independent of each other but can be interconnected. The breeding environment is isolated from the planting environment, and the breeding water of an aquaculture carrier is interconnected and complementarous with the planting water, which is an important element of rice planting, to achieve the scientific research experimental purpose of controlling the uncontrollable experimental factors and the uncontrollable material exchange in the rice-fish interaction, thereby increasing the output in the rice-fish interaction process, realizing the rapid and sustainable development of the rice-fish interaction, and having great economic and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] In the figure: 1-rice pond, 2-buffer filtration tank, 3-breeding pond, 4-microfiltration machine, 5-sedimentation tank, 6-pump body, 7-constant temperature machine, 8-floating bed filtration tower, 9-aerator, 10-overflow port, 11-valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so that the experimental conditions required for fish farming and rice planting can be independently controlled and interactively connected, thereby promoting the improvement of quality and efficiency of modern ecological circular agriculture.

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, a pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem is provided, including a farming system and a planting system, the planting system includes a rice pond 1 and a buffer filtration pond 2, the buffer filtration pond 2 is connected to the rice pond 1 through an overflow port 10, the farming system includes a farming pond 3, a sedimentation pond 5 and a filtering mechanism that are connected in a head-to-tail circulation manner, the rice pond 1 is connected to the farming pond 3 through a pipeline, the buffer filtration pond 2 is connected to the sedimentation pond 5 through a pipeline, the rice pond 1 is used for planting rice, and the farming pond 3 is used for breeding aquatic products.

[0028] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, the planting system is arranged in parallel with several groups, and the plants can be illuminated individually as needed without affecting other processes.

[0029] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, several breeding ponds 3 are arranged in parallel, and each breeding pond 3 is connected to a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. Valves 11 are provided on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is also connected to a drain pipe.

[0030] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a plurality of water inlet branch pipes are evenly distributed at one end of the rice pool 1, and a buffer filter pool 2 is provided at the other end, and a valve 11 is provided on each water inlet branch pipe; a liquid level meter is provided in the rice pool to facilitate adjusting the liquid level in the rice pool at different growth stages according to the data of the liquid level meter.

[0031] As an optional solution, in the present embodiment, at least two buffer filter tanks 2 are disposed adjacent to each other, and the overflow ports 10 on the adjacent buffer filter tanks 2 are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0032] As an optional solution, the area of ​​the buffer filter pool 2 in this embodiment is not greater than 1 / 10 of the area of ​​the rice pond 1; each buffer filter pool 2 is provided with a filter material, and the filter material includes at least one of a primary filter material, a secondary filter material and a tertiary filter material, the primary filter material includes fine sand and small gravel, the secondary filter material includes coral stone and ceramic ring, and the tertiary filter material includes ceramic ring and antibacterial cotton. In this embodiment, the buffer filter pool 2 from the inside to the outside is provided with primary, secondary and tertiary filter materials in sequence, the primary filter material includes fine sand, small gravel, etc., the secondary filter material includes coral stone, ceramic ring, etc., the secondary filter material includes ceramic ring, antibacterial cotton, etc., and an inorganic salt detection device can be provided in the buffer filter pool 2 of the tertiary filter material to detect whether the effluent water quality meets the breeding requirements of the breeding pond 3.

[0033] Preferably, the last layer of buffer filter pool 2 is connected to the sedimentation tank 5 through a pump body 6 and a pipeline. Three outlet branches are provided on the buffer filter pool 2 to communicate with the sedimentation tank 5, and a valve 11 is provided on each outlet branch.

[0034] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, a microfilter 4 is provided between the culture pond 3 and the sedimentation pond 5 to remove suspended solids, such as organic particles, plankton, and the like.

[0035] As an optional solution, in this embodiment, each culture pond 3 is provided with an aerator 9, which is an aerator 9 to provide suitable nutrients for the culture pond 3. The culture pond 3 is preferably made of PP material, which is low in cost.

[0036] As an optional solution, the filtration mechanism in this embodiment includes a floating bed filter tower 8. Through the biofilm and mechanical filtration function of the floating bed filter tower 8, suspended matter and harmful substances such as ammonia and nitrogen in the water can be effectively removed, and the water quality can be further purified; a thermostat 7 is arranged between the floating bed filter tower 8 and the sedimentation tank 5. The control temperature of the thermostat 7 is 15°C-35°C, which can be adjusted to meet the temperature requirements of the fish in the breeding pond 3 to achieve constant temperature breeding.

[0037] This embodiment proposes a new type of rice-fish interaction agricultural scientific research experimental facility in which the breeding system and the planting system are independent of each other but can be interconnected. The two systems can fully exchange materials, and the experimental factors of each system can be independently controlled. By isolating the breeding environment from the planting environment, and relying on the mutual communication and complementarity of the breeding water of the aquaculture carrier and the planting water, which is an important element of rice planting, the scientific research experimental purpose of controlling the uncontrollable experimental factors and uncontrollable material exchange in the rice-fish interaction can be achieved.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] The specific operation process of the pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) first pump the disinfected aquaculture water into the sedimentation tank 5 and let it settle for a certain period of time;

[0041] (2) The water is added to the thermostat 7 through the pump body 6 (boosting pump), and after being thermostated and filtered, it directly enters the breeding pond 3;

[0042] (3) Calculate the appropriate amount of aquatic products according to the area of ​​rice pond 1, the depth of rice irrigation water, and the water volume of breeding pond 3. The water volume of breeding pond 3 V = the bottom area of ​​breeding pond 3 S * the depth of breeding water H. The amount of aquatic products is determined based on the assumption that about 12-15 fish are cultured per cubic meter of breeding water.

[0043] (4) During the aquaculture stage, the entire aquaculture system has started water circulation aquaculture for a certain period of time; at the same time, the sowing of rice seedlings in the rice pond 1 begins;

[0044] (5) Open the valve 11 on the water inlet branch pipe of the culture pool 3 connected to the rice pool 1. The water of the culture pool 3 will directly feed the rice in the rice pool 1. The nutrients required for the growth of rice come directly from the culture water. In addition, according to the experimental content, the water volume of the culture pool 3 is used as a reference. The culture water and the water of the rice pool 1 are circulated once every 2 hours. The liquid level of the rice pool 1 is set. The liquid level automatically controls the water output through the liquid level device, so that the water of the rice pool 1 slowly flows into the buffer tank of the three-stage filtration system. After a certain period of filtration;

[0045] (6) The water after the tertiary material filtration is then pumped into the sedimentation tank 5 of the aquaculture system through a pipeline by the pump body 6 (lifting pump) in the buffer filter tank 2 at the end, and the above steps (1) to (5) are repeated to form a virtuous cycle in the whole process;

[0046] (7) During the operation of the entire system, according to the experimental content and the growth characteristics of rice and fish, multiple parameter factors are continuously adjusted and controlled through the inlet and outlet valves 11, such as rice water and fertilizer, the time for the formation of the microbial system in the rice field, the input and output of substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter, the supply of phytoplankton in the rice field to the aquaculture system, and light. All of these can be done at any time by closing the valve 11 on the pipeline as needed, and an independent system or two independent systems can be established (see Figure 1 ). Each valve 11 can also be connected to the control unit using an electromagnetic valve to achieve automatic control.

[0047] This embodiment can continuously adjust and control multiple experimental factors (such as rice water and fertilizer, the time for the formation of the microbial system in the rice field, the input and output of materials such as nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter, the supply of phytoplankton in the rice field to the aquaculture system, light, etc.) through the valves 11 at the inlet and outlet ends according to the experimental content and the growth characteristics of rice and fish, so as to improve the yield in the rice-fish interaction process, solve the scientific research experimental problems of uncontrollable experimental factors and uncontrollable material exchange in long-term rice-fish interaction, realize the rapid and sustainable development of rice-fish interaction, and have great economic and social benefits.

[0048] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem, characterized by: It comprises a breeding system and a planting system, the planting system comprises a rice pond and a buffer filter pond, the buffer filter pond is connected with the rice pond through an overflow port, the breeding system comprises a breeding pond, a sedimentation pond and a filtering mechanism which are connected in a head-to-tail circulation manner, the rice pond is connected with the breeding pond through a pipeline, the buffer filter pond is connected with the sedimentation pond through a pipeline, the rice pond is used for planting rice, and the breeding pond is used for breeding aquatic products.

2. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The planting system comprises several groups arranged in parallel.

3. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the breeding ponds are arranged in parallel, each of the breeding ponds is connected with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, valves are arranged on the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is also connected with a drainage pipe.

4. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of water inlet branch pipes are evenly distributed at one end of the rice pool, and the buffer filter pool is arranged at the other end. A valve is arranged on each water inlet branch pipe; and a liquid level device is arranged in the rice pool.

5. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two buffer filter tanks are adjacently arranged, and the overflow ports on the adjacent buffer filter tanks are staggered.

6. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The area of ​​the buffer filter pool is not greater than 1 / 10 of the area of ​​the rice pond; each of the buffer filter pools is provided with a filter material, the filter material includes at least one of a primary filter material, a secondary filter material and a tertiary filter material, the primary filter material includes fine sand and small gravel, the secondary filter material includes coral stone and ceramic rings, and the tertiary filter material includes ceramic rings and antibacterial cotton.

7. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The last layer of the buffer filter pool is connected to the sedimentation tank through a pump body and a pipeline. The buffer filter pool is provided with three outlet branches connected to the sedimentation tank, and each outlet branch is provided with a valve.

8. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: A microfilter is arranged between the breeding pond and the sedimentation tank.

9. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the culture ponds is provided with an oxygenation mechanism, which is an aerator.

10. The pilot rice-fish integrated farming agricultural ecosystem according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism comprises a floating bed filtering tower. A thermostat is arranged between the floating bed filtering tower and the sedimentation tank. The control temperature of the thermostat is 15°C-35°C.

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