Method for evaluating olfaction system based on imagination and perception

Abstract

The invention provides a method for evaluating an olfactory system based on imagination and perception. The method comprises the following steps: performing dominant eye adjustment on the basis of an object A and an object B which are mutually overlapped, so that the probability that a user sees the object with one eye is equivalent; transmitting the smell corresponding to the object A or the object B to the nasal cavity of the user (in an olfactory perception stage) or guiding the user to perform olfactory imagination of the corresponding object (in an olfactory imagination stage) in a manner of displaying cue words corresponding to the object A or the object B on a screen, and after a preset time, cutting off an olfactory stimulus or guiding the user to stop the olfactory imagination. Presenting a pattern in which the object A and the object B are overlapped with each other, and obtaining the object currently seen by the user; repeatedly triggering for a preset number of times to obtain multiple experiment results; and carrying out statistical analysis on the obtained multiple experiment results to obtain a starting effect dose for evaluating the olfactory system of the current user by utilizing the binoculus competition. The method is mainly based on olfactory imagination and olfactory perception functions, and two main olfactory functions are tested and analyzed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of olfactory detection, and in particular to a method for evaluating an olfactory system based on imagination and perception. Background Art

[0002] The loss of the olfactory system is an early manifestation of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), earlier than the degeneration of other senses such as hearing and vision. The degeneration of this ability is accompanied by damage, reduction and biochemical changes in the neural structure of the olfactory cortex area, leading to decreased olfactory function. Lesions or degeneration of the olfactory cortex system and brain regions such as the hippocampus are one of the main causes of early cognitive degeneration in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Therefore, quantitative evaluation and screening of the olfactory system are particularly important.

[0003] The olfactory system usually includes two dimensions: olfactory perception and olfactory imagination. Existing olfactory evaluation systems mostly focus on the lack of olfactory perception ability, while ignoring the dimension of olfactory imagination. In addition, in the field of scientific research, the evaluation of olfactory perception and olfactory imagination is mostly based on subjective reports, lacking objective evaluation tools and systems.

[0004] Patent document CN115736841A (application number: 202211583930.5) discloses an olfactory test card and an olfactory test method, including a test card body composed of an upper splint and a lower splint, the front of the upper splint is fixedly installed with the front of the lower splint, and a gas guide tube group is fixedly connected between the upper splint and the lower splint. The invention realizes that after the odor storage part is pressed, the pressing end of the releaser and the bottom pressing spiral sheet will be inserted into the axis of the rotating kit at the bottom, which will drive the rotating kit and the acetate fiber bundle ring connected to the outside to rotate rapidly, so that the volatile liquid reagent contained in the acetate fiber bundle ring is thrown out due to the centrifugal force, and when the rotating kit and the acetate fiber bundle ring rotate rapidly, it will also drive the gas disturbance in the storage cavity, thereby accelerating the flow of the airflow on the surface of the volatile liquid reagent, and then accelerating the volatilization speed. The tester can use the gas guide tube group to quickly inhale the gas containing a specific odor for olfactory testing, which greatly improves the efficiency of the olfactory test.

[0005] The olfactory system evaluation method proposed in the present invention can conduct a quantitative and objective evaluation of the olfactory system around the two dimensions of olfactory perception and olfactory imagination. In addition, the evaluation method is fast, simple, economical and highly reliable, has a high practical promotion value, and realizes a fast and safe quantitative evaluation of the individual olfactory system. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception.

[0007] A method for evaluating an olfactory system based on imagination and perception provided by the present invention comprises:

[0008] Step S1: displaying the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen in an overlapping manner;

[0009] Step S2: adjusting the dominant eye based on the overlapping object images corresponding to color A and the object images corresponding to color B, so that the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is equal;

[0010] Step S3: when the user can only see the object image of color A or color B with one eye, the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B is stimulated to the user in a preset manner, and after a preset time, the stimulation source is cut off, and the pattern currently seen by the user is obtained by pressing a button; step S3 is triggered repeatedly for a preset number of times to obtain multiple experimental results;

[0011] Step S4: Statistically analyzing the obtained multiple experimental results to obtain the priming effect of binocular rivalry to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user.

[0012] Preferably, step S2 adopts: dimming the ambient brightness so that the ambient brightness meets the preset conditions; in the current darkroom state, the user starts the program test; the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B are overlapped and displayed on the screen, and the user sees the pattern at first glance, presses the key corresponding to the pattern seen, and counts the probability of seeing the object images corresponding to different colors n times. When the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is different, the transparency and contrast values ​​of the two pictures are adjusted, and the execution is repeated until the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is the same.

[0013] Preferably, step S3 adopts: transmitting the odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color A or the object image corresponding to color B to the user's nasal cavity, guiding the user to olfactory perceive the corresponding object; and / or displaying the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B on the screen, guiding the user to olfactory imagine the corresponding object.

[0014] Preferably, the olfactory device is controlled to send out a corresponding smell through a control program; or a display screen is controlled to display a corresponding prompt word through a control program.

[0015] Preferably, the step S4 adopts: transmitting the smell corresponding to the object image corresponding to color A to the user's nasal cavity for multiple times to guide the user to perform olfactory perception of the corresponding object; and / or displaying the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A on the screen to guide the user to perform olfactory imagination of the corresponding object; statistically analyzing the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color A in the overlapping image as N%, the current probability N% is the priming effect amount of binocular rivalry, and using the current priming effect amount of binocular rivalry to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user;

[0016] The odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color B is transmitted to the user's nasal cavity multiple times to guide the user to olfactory perceive the corresponding object; and / or the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color B is displayed on the screen to guide the user to olfactory imagine the corresponding object; statistical analysis shows that the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color B in the overlapping image is M%, and the current probability M% is the priming effect of binocular rivalry, and the current priming effect of binocular rivalry is used to evaluate the current user's olfactory system.

[0017] Preferably, after a preset time, the stimulus source is cut off, and at the same time, the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen disappear, and the preset evaluation options of the image are displayed on the screen, so as to obtain the evaluation of the corresponding image provided by the user; based on the self-evaluation scale score, it is verified that the olfactory perception ability and the priming effect of binocular rivalry show a significant strong correlation, and the olfactory imagination ability and the priming effect of binocular rivalry show a significant strong correlation.

[0018] Preferably, the preset evaluation options include: 1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, and 4 represents very clear and vivid picture.

[0019] Preferably, the more significant the priming effect of binocular rivalry is, the stronger the individual's olfactory perception or olfactory imagination ability is.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention only uses a computer and a dedicated olfactory odor providing device, and the cost is relatively low;

[0022] 2. The odor supply of the present invention uses a computer control system to control the supply of odor gas and intelligently control the test process according to the program and demand, and the odor supply time can be adjusted by the program, and the whole process is fully programmed and automated;

[0023] 3. The main program uses a computer control system to intelligently control the test process and display the specified test screens, prompt symbols and prompts according to the program, and the program controls the display time of various test pictures;

[0024] 4. According to the picture that appears in the main program, the computer program synchronously controls the timing of the picture appearance and the smell giving;

[0025] 5. The present invention also mainly utilizes the olfactory imagination function, and analyzes from two main olfactory function tests;

[0026] 6. The method of the present invention integrates multi-dimensional and multi-technical theoretical support methods such as olfactory perception, olfactory imagination, graphics, and color. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial semi-transparent overlap of the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B.

[0030] Figure 3 Flowchart of the method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] According to the present invention, a method for evaluating an olfactory system based on imagination and perception is provided, comprising:

[0034] Step S1: displaying the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen in an overlapping manner;

[0035] Step S2: adjusting the dominant eye based on the overlapping object images corresponding to color A and the object images corresponding to color B, so that the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is equal;

[0036] Step S3: when the user can only see the object image of color A or color B with one eye, the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B is stimulated to the user in a preset manner, and after a preset time, the stimulation source is cut off, and the pattern currently seen by the user is obtained by pressing a button; step S3 is triggered repeatedly for a preset number of times to obtain multiple experimental results;

[0037] Step S4: Statistically analyzing the obtained multiple experimental results to obtain the priming effect of binocular rivalry to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user.

[0038] Specifically, the step S2 adopts: dimming the ambient brightness so that the ambient brightness meets the preset conditions; in the current dark room state, the user starts the program test; the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B are overlapped and displayed on the screen, and the user sees the pattern at first glance, presses the key corresponding to the pattern seen, and counts the probability of seeing the object images corresponding to different colors n times. When the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is different, the transparency and contrast values ​​of the two pictures are adjusted, and the execution is repeated until the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is the same.

[0039] Specifically, step S3 adopts: transmitting the object image corresponding to color A or the odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color B to the user's nasal cavity, guiding the user to olfactory perceive the corresponding object; and / or displaying the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B on the screen, guiding the user to olfactory imagine the corresponding object; based on this, the present invention can perform quantitative objective evaluation of the olfactory system around the two dimensions of olfactory perception and olfactory imagination.

[0040] Specifically, the control program controls the olfactory device to send out a corresponding smell; or the control program controls the display screen to display a corresponding prompt word.

[0041] Specifically, the step S4 adopts: transmitting the smell corresponding to the object image corresponding to color A to the user's nasal cavity for multiple times to guide the user to perform olfactory perception of the corresponding object; and / or displaying the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A on the screen to guide the user to perform olfactory imagination of the corresponding object; statistically analyzing the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color A in the overlapping image as N%, the current probability N% is the priming effect amount of binocular rivalry, and using the current priming effect amount of binocular rivalry to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user;

[0042] The odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color B is transmitted to the user's nasal cavity multiple times to guide the user to olfactory perceive the corresponding object; and / or the prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color B is displayed on the screen to guide the user to olfactory imagine the corresponding object; statistical analysis shows that the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color B in the overlapping image is M%, and the current probability M% is the priming effect of binocular rivalry, and the current priming effect of binocular rivalry is used to evaluate the current user's olfactory system.

[0043] Specifically, after a preset time, the stimulus source is cut off, and at the same time, the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen disappear, and the preset evaluation options of the image are displayed on the screen, so as to obtain the evaluation of the image corresponding to the olfactory perception or imagination provided by the user; based on the self-evaluation scale scores, it is verified that the olfactory perception ability and the priming effect of binocular rivalry show a significant strong correlation, and the olfactory imagination ability and the priming effect of binocular rivalry show a significant strong correlation.

[0044] Specifically, the preset evaluation options include: 1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, and 4 represents very clear and vivid picture.

[0045] Specifically, the more significant the priming effect of binocular rivalry, the stronger the individual's olfactory perception or olfactory imagination ability.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] Embodiment 2 is a preferred embodiment of Embodiment 1

[0048] According to a method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception provided by the present invention, Figure 1-3 As shown, including:

[0049] In this embodiment, a quantitative objective evaluation is performed on the olfactory system in two dimensions: olfactory perception and olfactory imagination. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0050] During the test, the subject will wear a pair of red-green glasses, through which the subject will only see red or green objects (such as Figure 1 As shown, the present invention uses a red rose and a green marker, and the present invention is not limited to only these two graphics, smells), and the two pictures are overlapped and displayed on the display screen, such as Figure 2 After the dominant eye adjusts, the probability of seeing the object with each eye is the same, that is, there is a 50% probability of seeing the red rose and a 50% probability of seeing the green marker.

[0051] Olfactory perception assessment (such as Figure 3As shown in (A), the perception of odor has a priming effect on subsequent binocular rivalry.

[0052] The display screen is fixed on the table, and the display screen is as vertical as possible to the table. The subject is 40CM-70CM away from the display screen. The subject holds the chin with a bracket, keeps as stable and still as possible, wears red and green glasses, and looks straight and basically aligns with the center of the screen. The computer host is connected to two manual operation keyboards, 1 to 4 keys on the left keyboard (respectively; 1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, 4 represents very clear and vivid picture, mainly used when judging vividness), and 3 keys on the right keyboard (respectively red, green, and mixed color keys, mainly used when adjusting the dominant eye). The above 1-4 keys can also be moved to the right after the dominant eye is adjusted according to people's usage habits, and operated by the right hand.

[0053] First, the dominant eye is adjusted. The specific implementation process is as follows: dim the ambient brightness. In a dark room, the subject (or the tester) presses the start key "S" on the computer keyboard to start the program test. The two pictures overlap and are displayed on the display screen. The subject judges the color of the pattern seen at first glance. Press the relevant key (if the green pattern accounts for a larger proportion, press the "green" key on the middle finger of the right hand. If you really can't judge which color accounts for a larger proportion, press the "mixed" key on the ring finger of the right hand. This is not limited to monotonous green, but can also adjust red, etc.). When the probability of the object seen by the current individual monocular is different, adjust the transparency and contrast values ​​of the two pictures and repeat the execution until the probability of the individual monocular seeing the object is equal, that is, there is a 50% probability of seeing a red rose and a 50% probability of seeing a green marker.

[0054] Secondly, the olfactory perception test is carried out. The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0055] Step S1: The present invention sets a special test program. The program controls the appearance of a attention symbol "+" on the screen according to the set requirements to prompt the subject to pay attention and start the test. The program controls the olfactory device to send the corresponding "rose" smell to the nasal cavity of the subject when the display "+" appears. The duration is 6 seconds or adjusted according to the time requirement. After 6 seconds, the "+" disappears and the next step begins.

[0056] Step S2: The program displays a red rose and a green marker overlapping pattern on the screen, and the program controls the olfactory device to continue to send the corresponding "rose" smell to the nasal cavity of the subject when the "rose and marker" is displayed. The display time and smell time are about 500 milliseconds or the corresponding required time. After 500 milliseconds, the pattern disappears and the program controls to cut off the smell delivery; at the same time, the subject selects the red or green button to press according to the pattern seen.

[0057] Step S3: "liveliness" stage: the program displays the text "liveliness" on the screen, and the subject presses a key according to the pattern he sees. From 1 to 4 keys (1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, 4 represents very clear and vivid picture), select a key that the subject thinks is appropriate and press it.

[0058] The above steps S1-S3 are repeated 8 times, and the computer records the scores of 8 times.

[0059] The red rose scent was transmitted to the nasal cavity of the subjects 8 times to guide the subjects to olfactory perceive the roses. The probability of the subjects seeing the red roses in the overlapping images was statistically analyzed as N%. The current probability N% was used as the priming effect size of binocular rivalry, and the current priming effect size was used to evaluate the current subject's olfactory system.

[0060] The 8 vividness ratings 1-4, i.e., the evaluations of the images corresponding to olfactory perception provided by the subjects, were statistically analyzed to obtain the self-evaluation scale scores;

[0061] Olfactory imagery test (eg Figure 3 (B)) (during the entire olfactory imagery test, the computer program controls not to deliver olfactory odors), and the specific implementation process is as follows:

[0062] Step S4: Olfactory imagination assessment, a specific prompt word (such as "rose") will be displayed on the screen to guide the subject to olfactory imagination of the corresponding object. The duration is about 500 milliseconds (or the time can be adjusted as needed).

[0063] Step S5: A “think” prompt appears on the screen for 6 seconds (or the time can be adjusted as needed), and the subject begins to imagine.

[0064] Step S6: The program displays a red rose and a green marker overlapping pattern on the screen, and the pattern disappears after 500 milliseconds; at the same time, the subject chooses to press a red or green button according to the pattern seen.

[0065] Step S7: "liveliness" stage; the program displays the text "liveliness" on the screen, and the subject presses a key according to the pattern he sees. From 1 to 4 keys (1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, 4 represents very clear and vivid picture), select a key that the subject thinks is appropriate and press it. The time is 1 second (or adjust the time as needed).

[0066] The above steps S4-S7 are repeated 8 times, and the computer records the scores of 8 times.

[0067] The prompt words corresponding to the red rose are displayed on the screen 8 times to guide the subjects to imagine the smell of the red rose. The probability of the subjects seeing the red rose in the overlapping images is statistically analyzed to be M%. The current probability M% is used as the priming effect of binocular rivalry, and the current priming effect is used to evaluate the current subject's olfactory system.

[0068] The scores of the current 8 vividness 1-4, i.e. the evaluations of the corresponding olfactory imagined images provided by the subjects, were statistically analyzed to obtain the self-evaluation scale scores;

[0069] From S1 to S7 olfactory perception ( Figure 3 (A)) and olfactory imagery ability ( Figure 3 (B)) constitutes a continuous test ( Figure 3 (as shown in (C)).

[0070] Priming effect and data analysis

[0071] Statistical analysis of the experimental results during S1-S7 showed that the olfactory perception ability and the priming effect of binocular rivalry showed a significant strong correlation ( Figure 3 This indicates that the paradigm assesses an individual’s olfactory perception ability—the stronger the individual’s olfactory perception ability, the more significant the priming effect of binocular rivalry.

[0072] In the olfactory imagination test ( Figure 3 As shown in (B), a specific prompt word (such as "rose") will appear on the screen to guide the individual to olfactory imagine the corresponding object. Olfactory imagination will also induce the priming effect of the subsequent binocular rivalry, and the ability of olfactory imagination is significantly positively correlated with the priming effect of binocular rivalry (as shown in Figure 3 (Shown in (E)) - The stronger the individual's olfactory imagination ability, the more significant the priming effect of binocular rivalry.

[0073] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception, characterized in that: include: Step S1: displaying the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen in an overlapping manner; Step S2: adjusting the dominant eye based on the overlapping object images corresponding to color A and the object images corresponding to color B, so that the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is equal; Step S3: when the user can only see the object image of color A or color B with one eye, the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B is used to stimulate the user in a preset manner, and after a preset time, the stimulation source is cut off, and the pattern currently seen by the user is obtained by pressing a button; Repeat triggering step S3 for a preset number of times to obtain multiple experimental results; Step S4: Statistically analyzing the obtained multiple experimental results to obtain the priming effect of binocular rivalry to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user.

2. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2 adopts: dimming the ambient brightness so that the ambient brightness meets the preset conditions; in the current dark room state, the user starts the program test; the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B are overlapped and displayed on the screen, and the user sees the pattern at first glance, presses the key corresponding to the pattern seen, and counts the probability of seeing the object images corresponding to different colors n times. When the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is different, the transparency and contrast values ​​of the two pictures are adjusted, and the execution is repeated until the probability of an individual seeing the object with one eye is the same.

3. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 adopts: transmitting the odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color A or the object image corresponding to color B to the user's nasal cavity, guiding the user to perform olfactory perception of the corresponding object; And / or displaying a prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A or the object corresponding to color B on the screen to guide the user to perform olfactory imagination of the corresponding object.

4. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 3, characterized in that: The olfactory device is controlled to send out corresponding odors through a control program; or the display screen is controlled to display corresponding prompt words through a control program.

5. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step S4 adopts: transmitting the smell corresponding to the object image corresponding to the color A to the user's nasal cavity multiple times to guide the user to perform olfactory perception of the corresponding object; and / or displaying a prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color A on the screen to guide the user to imagine the corresponding object through olfactory perception; statistically analyzing the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color A in the overlapping image as N%, the current probability N% being the priming effect amount of binocular rivalry, and using the current priming effect amount of binocular rivalry to evaluate the current user's olfactory system; The odor corresponding to the object image corresponding to color B is transmitted to the user's nasal cavity multiple times to guide the user to olfactory perceive the corresponding object; and / or displaying a prompt word corresponding to the object corresponding to color B on the screen to guide the user to perform olfactory imagination of the corresponding object; Statistical analysis shows that the probability that the user sees the object image corresponding to color B in the overlapping image is M%, and the current probability M% is the priming effect of binocular rivalry. The current priming effect of binocular rivalry is used to evaluate the olfactory system of the current user.

6. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: After a preset time, the stimulus source is cut off, and at the same time, the object image corresponding to color A and the object image corresponding to color B on the screen disappear, and the preset evaluation options of the image are displayed on the screen, so as to obtain the evaluation of the image corresponding to the olfactory perception or imagination provided by the user; Based on the scores of the self-evaluation scale, it was verified that the olfactory perception ability showed a significant strong correlation with the priming effect of binocular rivalry, and the olfactory imagination ability showed a significant strong correlation with the priming effect size of binocular rivalry.

7. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preset evaluation options include: 1 represents no picture at all, 2 represents blurry picture, 3 represents moderately clear and vivid picture, and 4 represents very clear and vivid picture.

8. The method for evaluating the olfactory system based on imagination and perception according to claim 1, characterized in that: The more significant the priming effect of binocular rivalry, the stronger the individual's olfactory perception or olfactory imagination ability.

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