Solid waste multilayer sorting device and sorting method

Abstract

The invention relates to garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a solid waste multilayer sorting device which comprises a rack, a feeding box, a magnetic separation box and a winnowing box, the magnetic separation box and the winnowing box are installed on the rack, the feeding box is installed on the magnetic separation box, and the lower end of the feeding box communicates with the magnetic separation box to convey materials; a discharge port I and a discharge port II are formed in the side part of the magnetic separation box, a horizontally rotatable turntable and a magnetic separation mechanism are arranged in the magnetic separation box, the turntable is communicated with the discharge port I to discharge materials, the discharge port I is communicated with the magnetic separation box, and the magnetic separation mechanism is communicated with the discharge port II to discharge the materials. The device is provided with multiple layers of procedures of screening, magnetic separation, centrifugation and winnowing, waste can be classified more accurately, centrifugation and magnetic separation are integrated, and the separation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to garbage processing equipment, in particular to a solid waste multi-layer sorting device and a sorting method. Background Art

[0002] Solid waste treatment is an important part of environmental protection, which aims to reduce the impact of waste on the environment and recycle resources as much as possible. Sorting makes it easier to recover valuable materials, and correct sorting helps prevent harmful substances from entering treatment facilities that are not suitable for them, thereby reducing pollution to the environment.

[0003] The published patent application CN107159457A discloses a domestic waste sorting device, where the waste falls onto a conveyor belt for magnetic separation, followed by centrifugation and sorting. In this way, the material will accumulate on the conveyor belt, weakening the magnetic attraction effect, and the magnetic force will be lower at the corner of the conveyor belt, which will easily cause the material to fall off and remix with other waste, reducing the efficiency and accuracy of magnetic separation. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a solid waste multi-layer sorting device and sorting method, which can efficiently and quickly screen wastes of different properties. The scheme adopted is as follows: A multi-layer sorting device for solid waste comprises a frame, a feed box, a magnetic separation box and a pneumatic separation box, wherein the magnetic separation box and the pneumatic separation box are respectively mounted on the frame, the feed box is mounted on the magnetic separation box and its lower end is connected to the magnetic separation box to convey materials, a discharge port I and a discharge port II are arranged on the side of the magnetic separation box, a horizontally rotatable turntable and a magnetic separation mechanism are arranged in the magnetic separation box, the turntable is connected to the discharge port I to discharge materials, the discharge port I is connected to the pneumatic separation box, and the magnetic separation mechanism is connected to the discharge port II to discharge materials.

[0005] The above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, the magnetic separation mechanism includes a winding motor, a traction line, an electromagnetic sheet, a conveyor belt and a bracket, the winding motor is installed on the magnetic separation box, one end of the bracket is installed on the inner wall of the magnetic separation box, and the other end is movably installed on the suspension rod, the suspension rod is installed in the magnetic separation box, the conveyor belt and the electromagnetic sheet are both installed on the bracket, one end of the traction line is connected to the winding motor, and the other end is connected to the bracket, and one end of the conveyor belt is correspondingly arranged at the discharge port II.

[0006] In the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, a material receiving guide plate is also provided in the magnetic separation box, and the material receiving guide plate is installed obliquely at the discharge port II to receive the material dropped from the conveyor belt.

[0007] In the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, a spring is provided on the bottom surface of the material receiving guide plate.

[0008] The above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device has a protruding retaining ring on the turntable.

[0009] In the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, a magnetic disk is installed on the bottom surface of the magnetic separation box, and the magnetic disk is arranged corresponding to the discharge port I.

[0010] In the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, a protruding lifting block is provided on the turntable, and one side of the lifting block is an inclined surface.

[0011] The above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device has a horizontal sieve plate and a scraper that can rotate along the surface of the sieve plate in the feed box, the sieve plate surface is provided with a plurality of through holes for material dropping, the side of the feed box is provided with a sieve outlet to discharge the residual material on the sieve plate, and a matching waste box B is provided at the sieve outlet.

[0012] In the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer sorting device, the discharge port II is connected to a waste box A, and the lower end of the air separation box is connected to a waste box C.

[0013] The separation method using the above-mentioned solid waste multi-layer separation device comprises the following steps: S1) placing the material to be processed into a feed box, and the material screened by the feed box falls into a magnetic separation box; S2) In the magnetic separation box, the turntable rotates to centrifuge the material and discharge it through the discharge port I. At the same time, the magnetic separation mechanism absorbs the magnetic material and discharges it through the discharge port II. S3) The material at the discharge port I falls into the air separation box and is discharged after air separation.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the device is provided with multi-layer processes of screening, magnetic separation, centrifugation and air separation, which can classify waste more accurately, and integrates centrifugation and magnetic separation to improve the sorting efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feed box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a magnetic separation box according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a magnetic separation and conveying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the magnetic separation box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1 is a frame, 2 is a feed box, 3 is a magnetic separation box, 5 is a wind separation box, 6 is a fan, 7 is a waste box A, 8 is a waste box B, 9 is a waste box C, 10 is a magnetic disk, 21 is a screening outlet, 22 is a screening plate, 23 is a scraper, 24 is a scraper motor, 31 is a discharge port I, 32 is a discharge port II, 33 is a retaining ring, 34 is a lifting block, 35 is a suspension rod, 36 is a material receiving guide plate, 37 is a spring, 38 is a turntable, 41 is a winding motor, 42 is a traction line, 43 is an electromagnetic sheet, 44 is a conveyor belt, and 45 is a bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical principle of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] The following embodiments are all illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs. It should be noted that the terms used are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application.

[0019] The present embodiment is a multi-layer sorting device for solid waste, comprising a frame 1, a feed box 2, a magnetic separation box 3 and an air separation box 5, wherein the magnetic separation box 3 and the air separation box 5 are respectively mounted on the frame 1, and the feed box 2 is mounted on the magnetic separation box 3 and its lower end is connected to the magnetic separation box 3 to transport materials.

[0020] Combination Figure 2 A horizontal sieve plate 22 and a scraper 23 that can rotate along the surface of the sieve plate 22 are provided in the feed box 2. The scraper 23 is driven by a scraper motor 24. The surface of the sieve plate 22 is provided with a plurality of through holes for material dropping. A sieve outlet 21 is provided on the side of the feed box 2 to discharge larger-sized materials remaining on the sieve plate 22. A matching waste box B8 is provided at the sieve outlet 21.

[0021] The side of the magnetic separation box 3 is provided with a discharge port I31 and a discharge port II32. The magnetic separation box 3 is provided with a horizontally rotatable turntable 38 and a magnetic separation mechanism. The turntable 38 is connected to the discharge port I31 to discharge materials. The turntable 38 can be driven by a conventional method such as a motor. The discharge port I31 is connected to the air separation box 5, and the magnetic separation mechanism is connected to the discharge port II32 to discharge materials. The discharge port II32 is connected to a waste box A7, and the lower end of the air separation box 5 is connected to a waste box C9.

[0022] like Figure 3 and 4As shown, the magnetic separation mechanism includes a winding motor 41, a traction line 42, an electromagnetic sheet 43, a conveyor belt 44 and a bracket 45. The winding motor 41 is installed on the magnetic separation box 3. One end of the bracket 45 is installed on the inner wall of the magnetic separation box 3, and the other end is movably installed on the suspension rod 35. The suspension rod 35 is installed in the magnetic separation box 3. The conveyor belt 44 and the electromagnetic sheet 43 are both installed on the bracket 45. One end of the conveyor belt 44 is correspondingly arranged at the discharge port II 32. The conveyor belt 44 and its drive can be commercially available products. One end of the traction line 42 is connected to the winding motor 41 and the other end is connected to the bracket 45. According to the conveying conditions of the material, the inclination angle of the conveyor belt 44 can be controlled by retracting and releasing the traction line 42. The electromagnetic sheet 43 is magnetic when it is powered on, and loses its magnetism after power is turned off, so as to control magnetic attraction and discharge.

[0023] The magnetic separation box 3 is also provided with a material receiving guide plate 36, which is installed obliquely at the discharge port II 32 to receive the material dropped from the conveyor belt 44. The bottom surface of the material receiving guide plate 36 is provided with a spring 37 to provide buffering.

[0024] The rotating disk 38 is provided with a protruding retaining ring 33, which can slightly increase the residence time of the material in the retaining ring 33 to ensure that the magnetic separation mechanism has sufficient time for magnetic attraction.

[0025] The bottom surface of the magnetic separation box 3 is provided with a magnetic disk 10, which is located below the magnetic separation mechanism and is used to assist in gathering the magnetic materials to the magnetic separation mechanism for magnetic attraction. The magnetic disk 10 is equipped with a motor to drive it to rotate, so that the adsorbed materials can also rotate, so that the materials can be rotated to the magnetic mechanism for collection. The turntable 38 is provided with a protruding lifting block 34, one side of which is an inclined surface, which can scrape and lift the magnetic materials adsorbed by the magnetic disk 10 on the turntable 38, so as to facilitate further magnetic attraction of the magnetic mechanism.

[0026] The sorting method using the sorting device comprises the following steps: S1) Put the material to be processed into the feed box 2, and the material after screening by the feed box 2 falls into the magnetic separation box 3, and the larger material is discharged into the waste box B8; S2) In the magnetic separation box 3, the turntable 38 rotates to centrifuge the material and discharge it through the discharge port I31. At the same time, the magnetic separation mechanism controls the on and off of the electromagnetic sheet 43 to adsorb the magnetic material and discharge it to the waste box A7 through the discharge port II32; S3) The material at the discharge port I31 falls into the air separation box 5 and is discharged into the waste box C9 after air separation.

[0027] The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several changes or improvements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These changes or improvements should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A multi-layer solid waste sorting device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame (1), a feed box (2), a magnetic separation box (3) and an air separation box (5), wherein the magnetic separation box (3) and the air separation box (5) are respectively mounted on the frame (1), the feed box (2) is mounted on the magnetic separation box (3) and its lower end is connected to the magnetic separation box (3) to convey materials, the side of the magnetic separation box (3) is provided with a discharge port I (31) and a discharge port II (32), the magnetic separation box (3) is provided with a horizontally rotatable turntable (38) and a magnetic separation mechanism, the turntable (38) is connected to the discharge port I (31) to discharge materials, the discharge port I (31) is connected to the air separation box (5), and the magnetic separation mechanism is connected to the discharge port II (32) to discharge materials.

2. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic separation mechanism comprises a winding motor (41), a traction line (42), an electromagnetic sheet (43), a conveyor belt (44) and a bracket (45); the winding motor (41) is mounted on the magnetic separation box (3); one end of the bracket (45) is mounted on the inner wall of the magnetic separation box (3) and the other end is movably mounted on a suspension rod (35); the suspension rod (35) is mounted in the magnetic separation box (3); the conveyor belt (44) and the electromagnetic sheet (43) are both mounted on the bracket (45); one end of the traction line (42) is connected to the winding motor (41) and the other end is connected to the bracket (45); one end of the conveyor belt (44) is correspondingly arranged at the discharge port II (32).

3. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material receiving guide plate (36) is also provided in the magnetic separation box (3). The material receiving guide plate (36) is installed obliquely at the discharge port II (32) to receive materials dropped from the conveyor belt (44).

4. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A spring (37) is provided on the bottom surface of the material receiving guide plate (36).

5. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating disk (38) is provided with a protruding retaining ring (33).

6. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetic disk (10) is installed on the bottom surface of the magnetic separation box (3), and the magnetic disk (10) is arranged corresponding to the discharge port I (31).

7. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating disk (38) is provided with a protruding lifting block (34), and one side of the lifting block (34) is an inclined surface.

8. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed box (2) is provided with a horizontal sieve plate (22) and a scraper (23) that can rotate along the surface of the sieve plate (22); the sieve plate (22) is provided with a plurality of through holes on its surface for material to fall out; a sieve material outlet (21) is provided on the side of the feed box (2) for discharging residual material on the sieve plate (22); and a matching waste box B (8) is provided at the sieve material outlet (21).

9. The solid waste multi-layer sorting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port II (32) is connected to a waste box A (7), and the lower end of the air separation box (5) is connected to a waste box C (9).

10. A sorting method of the solid waste multi-layer sorting device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1) placing the material to be processed into a feed box (2), and the material after screening by the feed box (2) falls into a magnetic separation box (3); S2) In the magnetic separation box (3), the turntable (38) rotates to centrifuge the material and discharge it through the discharge port I (31), and at the same time, the magnetic separation mechanism absorbs the magnetic material and discharges it through the discharge port II (32); S3) The material at the discharge port I (31) falls into the air separation box (5) and is discharged after air separation.

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