Convenient dismounting device and method for lower opening sealing mechanism of forging hammer

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forging hammer dismounting and mounting, and discloses a convenient dismounting device and method for a lower opening sealing mechanism of a forging hammer. 2, hoisting, specifically, a dismounting device is fed into a lower opening seal from the bottom of a lower opening seal mechanism, the hook head end of the dismounting device is placed on the upper edge of a lower plug of the lower opening seal mechanism, and a fixing assembly at the bottom of the lower opening seal mechanism is loosened; 3, impacting, wherein a rammer assembly located at the lower end of the dismounting device falls off from top to bottom and impacts a base of the dismounting device, and the hook head end generates downward impact force to impact the upper edge of a lower plug; and 4, detaching: repeating the step 3 for N times until the lower opening sealing mechanism is detached and falls off, and completing detaching. The dismounting steps are effectively reduced, the labor intensity and manpower consumption are reduced, the equipment quality damage risk and the high-altitude operation risk are avoided, and the dismounting efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forging hammer disassembly and assembly, and in particular to a device and method for conveniently disassembling a lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer. Background Art

[0002] As a highly specialized forging process equipment, the forging hammer integrates advanced pneumatic and hydraulic transmission technologies in its operating mechanism. It is designed to quickly accumulate and release huge kinetic energy through a precisely designed falling part, acting on the forgings in an instant to meet a variety of forging tasks. The structure of the forging hammer is extremely complex, covering the fuselage frame, the execution part, the drive transmission part, the power distribution and control system, and the crucial hammer rod assembly. The hammer rod, as a bridge connecting the power core and the work execution end, not only bears the heavy responsibility of transmitting energy, but also needs to withstand complex elastic deformation under extreme working conditions.

[0003] The lower seal mechanism is a key device in the forging hammer. Through its precise internal and external sealing structure, it ensures that the hammer rod can tightly seal the hydraulic oil in the main cylinder of the forging hammer under static or high-speed up and down movement and frequent impact conditions, thereby maintaining the stable operation of the forging hammer. However, due to the use environment of the forging hammer, the high-frequency reciprocating motion and frequent impact of the hammer rod cause the lower plug and its attached sealing structure in the lower seal mechanism to be frequently damaged and need to be repaired and replaced. However, the three precisely set O-rings on the outer ring of the lower plug effectively lock the hydraulic oil, but also greatly increase the difficulty of disassembly, because they tightly bind the lower plug to the edge of the lower cavity of the main cylinder, and huge external force must be applied to break this sealing state during disassembly.

[0004] At present, the disassembly method for the lower seal mechanism of large forging hammers generally adopts the method of applying force from above and impacting downwards, which leads to many disassembly steps, great difficulty and long disassembly time. Especially when disassembling the lower plug, it usually requires multiple people to stand on the top of the main cylinder more than ten meters high, and use 3-4 meters of steel rods to penetrate into the more than 2 meters deep and narrow main cylinder cavity for impact. The success rate is low, and it is very easy to cause damage to the main cylinder wall and the lower plug, which will cause equipment failure. The entire disassembly process is not only labor-intensive and inefficient, but also accompanied by extremely high quality risks and safety challenges, resulting in the difficulty and inefficiency of the disassembly process of the lower seal mechanism of large forging hammers. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a device and method for convenient disassembly of a lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that the lower seal mechanism is difficult to disassemble, has low disassembly efficiency and is prone to quality and safety risks.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer. The scheme improves the traditional removal method of impacting from above to a method of removing the lower plug from below by static pressure, thereby ensuring the success rate of impact, reducing the damage to the main cylinder wall and the lower plug, reducing equipment accidents, and greatly reducing labor intensity and the complexity of disassembly. Only one person is required to complete the disassembly, thereby improving the safety of disassembly and improving the overall disassembly efficiency. The scheme specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1, dismantle the exterior: remove the external structural components of the forging hammer;

[0008] Step 2, hoisting: send the disassembly device from the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism into the lower sealing mechanism, place the hook end of the disassembly device on the upper edge of the lower plug of the lower sealing mechanism, and loosen the fixing component at the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism;

[0009] Step 3, impact: drop the hammer assembly at the lower end of the disassembly device from top to bottom and impact the base of the disassembly device, so that the hook head end generates a downward impact force to impact the upper edge of the lower plug;

[0010] Step 4, disassembly: Repeat step 3 N times until the lower sealing mechanism is removed and falls off, completing the disassembly.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 2, the top of the disassembly device is hoisted from above the forging hammer through the inside, and the disassembly device is sent into the inner hole blocked by the lower sealing mechanism. During the hoisting process, the disassembly device is placed close to one side of the inner hole wall.

[0012] Furthermore, when the hook head end is in the inner hole, it is in an inclined state under the pressure of the inner hole wall; when the hook head end is placed on the upper edge of the lower plug, it returns to a horizontal state under the action of tension.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, when the load-bearing plate of the disassembly device is 1-10 mm away from the lower edge of the lower plug, the lifting is stopped, so that the hook head end is placed above the upper edge of the lower plug and hooked on the upper edge of the lower plug due to gravity.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing assembly includes a lower flange connected to the bottom of the forging hammer main cylinder by bolts.

[0015] Furthermore, the weight of the hammer assembly is 5-20 kg, ensuring that the hammer assembly can generate a large impact force under the action of its own gravity, and apply it to the hook head end, thereby acting on the upper edge of the lower plug to impact.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 4, the number of collisions is 1≤N≤10. After a limited number of natural drops, the lower plug can be easily disassembled, which greatly reduces the difficulty and labor intensity of disassembly and improves the disassembly efficiency.

[0017] At the same time, the present scheme also provides a convenient disassembly device for the lower sealing mechanism of a forging hammer, which is applied to the above-mentioned convenient disassembly method for the lower sealing mechanism of a forging hammer, including a central shaft, a hook head plate movably provided on the upper part of the central shaft; a load-bearing plate is provided in the middle part of the central shaft, and a hammer assembly is provided below the load-bearing plate, and the hammer assembly is movably provided at the lower part of the central shaft; a base is provided at the bottom of the central shaft.

[0018] Furthermore, a hinge shaft is provided at the upper part of the central axis, and the hook head plate is arranged on the central axis through the hinge shaft and rotates around the hinge shaft at an angle of 45° up and down.

[0019] Furthermore, tension springs are provided on both sides of the hook head plate, one end of the tension spring is connected to the hook head plate, and the other end is connected to the central axis.

[0020] The principles and advantages of this solution are:

[0021] Due to the special structure and installation position limitation of the lower mouth sealing mechanism, the removal of the lower mouth sealing mechanism is usually carried out by applying force from the top and impacting downward. The general disassembly steps include first removing the upper mold, hammer rod, and buffer cylinder from the top, and then removing the connecting bolts, flanges, connecting plugs, pressure plates, sleeves, ball sleeves, and plugs from the bottom, and finally removing the lower plug from the top. The entire disassembly process has many steps, and the process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Especially when removing the lower plug, due to its high sealing characteristics, it is generally necessary for multiple people to use a 3-4 meter steel rod on the main cylinder more than ten meters high to impact the lower plug from the main cylinder cavity more than 2 meters deep. However, due to the narrow hole in the main cylinder cavity, the success rate of the impact is extremely low, and it is easy to damage the main cylinder wall and the lower plug during the impact, causing equipment accidents. This makes the entire disassembly process labor-intensive, low disassembly efficiency, and extremely high quality and safety risks.

[0022] This solution changes the original top-down removal method using steel rod impact force to a static pressure method operated from the bottom, and can ensure the accuracy and stability of the impact. The disassembly can be completed by the gravity of the hammer assembly itself, reducing the disassembly steps and avoiding the quality risk of damaging the lower plug and the main cylinder wall. It only requires one person to complete the task under the equipment, greatly reducing labor consumption, avoiding the risk of high-altitude operations, and improving the overall disassembly and assembly efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic flow chart of a method for conveniently disassembling a lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of existing large-scale forging hammer equipment.

[0025] Figure 3 The present invention is a structural schematic diagram of the lower mouth sealing mechanism of existing large-scale forging hammer equipment.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a convenient disassembly device for the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the application structure of a method for conveniently disassembling a lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0029] The figure marks in the drawings of the specification include: buffer cylinder 1, main cylinder 2, power head 3, hammer head 4, fuselage 5, lower mold 6, operating part 7, hammer rod 8, lower mouth sealing mechanism 9, upper mold 10, lower plug 11, ball sleeve 12, lower sleeve 13, lower flange 14, connecting bolt 15, O-ring 16, pressure plate 17, connecting plug 18, sling 19, center shaft 20, lifting ear 21, hook head plate 22, hinge shaft 23, tension spring 24, load-bearing plate 25, hammer assembly 26, handle 27, hammer 28, base 29.

[0030] Embodiment 1

[0031] This embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 As shown, a convenient disassembly method for the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer breaks through the traditional disassembly method from top to bottom to disassembly from bottom to top, greatly reducing the difficulty and process of disassembly, improving the disassembly efficiency, and ensuring the stability and safety of the disassembly quality. This disassembly method includes the following steps:

[0032] S1, dismantle the external assembly: remove the external structural components of the forging hammer.

[0033] In this embodiment, the existing large-scale forging hammer equipment is as shown in the attached Figure 2 As shown, it includes a buffer cylinder 1, a main cylinder 2, a power head 3, a hammer head 4, a fuselage 5, a lower die 6, an operating part 7, a hammer rod 8, a lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 and an upper die 10. The lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 that needs to be disassembled is installed at the bottom of the main cylinder 2 above the hammer head 4. The hammer rod 8 moves up and down in the inner hole of the lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 when working. This is the existing technology of forging hammer equipment and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Before removing the lower mouth sealing mechanism 9, it is necessary to remove the external structural components first. The external structural components mainly include the upper die 10, the hammer head 4, the buffer cylinder 1 and the hammer rod 8, and the external structure is removed in the order of removing the upper die 10, removing the hammer rod 8, removing the hammer head 4, and removing the buffer cylinder 1. That is, it is necessary to remove the upper die 10 from the hammer head 4 first, and then punch the hammer rod 8 out of the hammer head 4, and the hammer head 4 falls and places on the upper die 10. After removing the buffer cylinder 1, the hammer rod 8 is lifted out of the power head 3, and then the internal lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 can be exposed, which is convenient for the overall removal of the lower mouth sealing mechanism 9.

[0035] S2, hoisting: send the disassembly device from the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism 9 into the lower sealing interior, place the hook end of the disassembly device on the upper edge of the lower plug of the lower sealing mechanism 9, and loosen the fixing assembly at the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism 9.

[0036] In this embodiment, as shown in the attached Figure 3 As shown, the lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 includes a lower plug 11, a ball sleeve 12, a lower sleeve 13, a lower flange 14, a connecting bolt 15, an O-ring 16, a pressure plate 17, and a connecting plug 18 installed below the master cylinder 2. Among them, the lower flange 14, the connecting plug 18, the pressure plate 17, the lower sleeve 13, the ball sleeve 12 and the lower plug 11 are lifted in sequence from bottom to top, and the connecting bolt 15 firmly fixes the entire lower mouth sealing mechanism 9 to the bottom of the master cylinder 2. The hammer rod 8 passes through the center of the mechanism and moves up and down during operation. The seals inside and outside the lower plug 11 play a sealing role for the hydraulic oil in the master cylinder 2 when the hammer rod 8 is working.

[0037] When hoisting, if attached Figure 5 As shown, the sling 19 is lowered from the inner hole of the main cylinder 2, and the disassembly device is hooked through the upper part of the forging hammer and the inner part, and the top of the disassembly device is hoisted, and the sling 19 is lifted to pass the disassembly device through the inner hole of the lower sealing mechanism and into the inner hole of the lower plug 11 of the lower sealing mechanism. It should be noted that during the hoisting process, the disassembly device is positioned close to one side of the inner hole wall, so that the lower edge of the lower plug can only contact one side of the hook head end, so that when the hook head end is in the inner hole, it will rotate to one side under the pressure of the inner hole wall, thereby forming an inclined state, which is convenient for the entire device to move in the inner hole.

[0038] When the load-bearing plate 25 of the disassembly device is only 1-10mm away from the lower edge of the lower plug, stop lifting. After the hook head end passes through the lower plug 11, the hook head end is placed above the upper edge of the lower plug. The hook head end returns to a horizontal state under the tension of the tension spring 24, and the sling 19 is dropped a certain distance to ensure that the hook head end falls with gravity and hooks on the upper edge of the lower plug.

[0039] After installing the disassembly device, unscrew the fixing assembly of the lower sealing mechanism to make it naturally detached. In this embodiment, the fixing assembly mainly includes a lower flange connected to the bottom of the forging hammer main cylinder by bolts, that is, unscrew the connecting bolts 15 with a wrench to disconnect the lower flange from the main cylinder. At this time, the lower flange 14, the connecting plug 18, the pressure plate 17 and the lower sleeve 13 at the lower end will fall onto the load-bearing plate 25 of the disassembly device under the action of gravity.

[0040] S3, impact: the hammer assembly at the lower end of the disassembly device is dropped from top to bottom and hits the base of the disassembly device, so that the hook head end generates a downward impact force to hit the upper edge of the lower plug. The weight of the hammer assembly is 5-20kg to ensure that the impact force generated by the hammer assembly can achieve the predetermined impact effect, thereby reducing the labor intensity of the operator.

[0041] In this embodiment, the operator pulls up the hammer assembly and then puts it down, and uses the hammer assembly to hit the base to generate a downward impact force, and then transmits the impact force to the hook head end through the central axis of the disassembly device in turn, so that the hook head end hits the upper edge of the lower plug 11, and then removes the lower plug 11 from the main cylinder 2. In this embodiment, while ensuring the accuracy of the impact, the force from the top is cleverly changed to the force from the bottom, which reduces the difficulty and labor intensity of disassembly, ensures the safety and stability of the disassembly process, and reduces damage to the equipment.

[0042] S4, disassembly: repeat step 3 N times until the lower seal mechanism is disassembled and falls off, completing the disassembly. The number of impacts is 1≤N≤10. With a limited number of impacts, the lower seal can be easily disassembled, reducing the difficulty of disassembly and improving operability.

[0043] After removing the lower plug 11, the entire lower mouth sealing mechanism and disassembly device are moved away from the forging hammer, and maintenance work can be carried out. The entire disassembly operation only requires one person to complete, which greatly reduces personnel consumption and labor intensity. At the same time, the risk of high-altitude operation and equipment quality damage is avoided during the disassembly process, the disassembly steps are reduced, and the disassembly efficiency is improved.

[0044] In this embodiment, compared with the traditional method of disassembly from a height, the disassembly process steps are greatly reduced. The static pressure disassembly method can be used to complete the entire disassembly process from below, reducing labor consumption and avoiding the risk of high-altitude operations from top to bottom while standing on the main cylinder. The accuracy of each impact is ensured, reducing quality accidents that damage the lower blockage and the inner wall of the main cylinder, improving overall disassembly efficiency, and reducing costs.

[0045] Embodiment 2

[0046] In this embodiment, a device for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer is provided, which is applied to a method for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer in the first embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the disassembly device includes a central shaft 20, and a lifting lug 21 is integrally formed on the top of the central shaft 20, through which the lifting lug 21 can facilitate the lifting of the sling 19.

[0047] A hook end is provided at the upper part of the central shaft 20, and the hook end includes a movably mounted hook plate 22. In this embodiment, a hinge shaft 23 is installed at the upper part of the central shaft 20, and the center of the hook plate 22 is mounted on the central shaft 20 through the hinge shaft 23, so that the hook plate 22 can rotate at an angle of 45° up and down around the hinge shaft 23. Tension springs 24 are also connected to both sides of the hook plate 22, one end of the tension spring 24 is connected to the hook plate 22, and the other end is connected to the central shaft 20, so that the hook end of the disassembly device can pass through the inner hole of the lower plug 11 and return to a horizontal state under the action of the tension spring 24.

[0048] A bearing plate 25 is installed in the middle of the central shaft 20. In this embodiment, the middle of the central shaft 20 is stepped, that is, the diameter of the upper part of the central shaft 20 is smaller than the diameter of the lower part, thereby forming a stepped shaft in the middle. The bearing plate 25 is installed on the stepped shaft to provide an upward support force for the bearing plate 25, ensure the stability and safety of the bearing plate 25, and prevent the bearing plate 25 from falling and causing a safety accident.

[0049] A striker assembly 26 is movably mounted below the load-bearing plate 25. The striker assembly 26 is movably mounted on the lower portion of the central shaft 20 and can slide up and down along the central shaft 20 below the load-bearing plate 25, thereby generating a downward impact force. In this embodiment, the striker assembly 26 includes a striker 28 movably mounted on the central shaft 20, and handles 27 are mounted on both sides of the striker 28, so that the striker assembly 26 can be lifted and operated more conveniently.

[0050] A base 29 is installed at the bottom of the central axis 20 by bolts. When the hammer assembly 26 falls, it hits the base 29, so that the impact force is transmitted to the central axis 20 through the base 29, and is in turn transmitted to the hook head plate 22 through the hinge shaft 23, accurately hitting the upper edge of the lower plug 11, so that the lower plug 11 is removed.

[0051] In this embodiment, the disassembly device has a simple structure, is easy to install and disassemble, and is easy to operate. It has strong manufacturability, high versatility and applicability, is reusable, and has low cost. Through precise analysis of the internal structure of the forging hammer equipment, an auxiliary device for disassembling the lower plug is designed, which uses the impact force generated by the natural fall of the hammer assembly 26 to accurately act on the upper edge of the lower plug after force transmission, thereby effectively and easily dismantling the entire lower mouth sealing mechanism. In this embodiment, the traditional method of dismantling by the impact force of the steel bar is changed to a method of dismantling by static pressure, and the action position is more precise, avoiding quality accidents of the lower plug and the inner wall of the main cylinder. And the entire dismantling process is directly carried out from below, avoiding the danger of high-altitude operations, and only one person is needed to complete it, which greatly reduces the difficulty of operation and labor intensity, reduces personnel consumption, reduces operating costs, and improves dismantling efficiency.

[0052] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical solutions and / or characteristics in the solution is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A convenient disassembly method for a forging hammer lower seal mechanism, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1, dismantle the exterior: remove the external structural components of the forging hammer; Step 2, hoisting: send the disassembly device from the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism into the lower sealing mechanism, place the hook end of the disassembly device on the upper edge of the lower plug of the lower sealing mechanism, and loosen the fixing component at the bottom of the lower sealing mechanism; Step 3, impact: drop the hammer assembly at the lower end of the disassembly device from top to bottom and impact the base of the disassembly device, so that the hook head end generates a downward impact force to impact the upper edge of the lower plug; Step 4, disassembly: Repeat step 3 N times until the lower sealing mechanism is removed and falls off, completing the disassembly.

2. A convenient disassembly method for a forging hammer lower seal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the top of the disassembly device is hoisted through the top of the forging hammer and the disassembly device is sent into the inner hole blocked by the lower sealing mechanism. During the hoisting process, the disassembly device is placed close to one side of the inner hole wall.

3. A convenient disassembly method for a forging hammer lower seal mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the hook head end is in the inner hole, it is in an inclined state under the pressure of the inner hole wall; when the hook head end is placed on the upper edge of the lower plug, it returns to a horizontal state under the action of tension.

4. A convenient disassembly method for a forging hammer lower seal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, when the load-bearing plate of the disassembly device is 1-10mm away from the lower edge of the lower plug, stop lifting, so that the hook head end is placed above the upper edge of the lower plug and hooked on the upper edge of the lower plug due to gravity.

5. The method for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly includes a lower flange connected to the bottom of the forging hammer main cylinder by bolts.

6. A convenient disassembly method for a forging hammer lower seal mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight of the ram assembly is 5-20kg.

7. The method for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the number of collisions is 1≤N≤10.

8. A convenient disassembly device for the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer, characterized by: A method for convenient disassembly of a forging hammer lower seal mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a central shaft, a hook plate movably provided on the upper part of the central shaft; a load-bearing plate provided in the middle part of the central shaft, a hammer assembly provided below the load-bearing plate, and the hammer assembly movably provided at the lower part of the central shaft; and a base provided at the bottom of the central shaft.

9. The device for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that: A hinge shaft is arranged on the upper part of the central shaft, and the hook head plate is arranged on the central shaft through the hinge shaft and rotates around the hinge shaft at an angle of 45 degrees up and down.

10. The device for conveniently disassembling the lower seal mechanism of a forging hammer according to claim 8, characterized in that: Tension springs are arranged on both sides of the hook head plate, one end of the tension spring is connected to the hook head plate, and the other end is connected to the central shaft.

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