A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the couplings of freight cars

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of adjusting the difference between the hooks of trucks, and discloses a complete set of adjusting devices for the difference between the hooks of trucks, which includes a measuring device, which has a laser receiving plate detachably mounted on the hook and a laser rangefinder used in conjunction with the laser receiving plate; an adjusting device, which has a fixed seat mounted on the impact seat of the hook, a hydraulic cylinder movably arranged on the fixed seat, a cylinder cross bar and a piston cross bar fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder respectively, a lifting rod is arranged on both ends of the cylinder cross bar, a limit platform is arranged on the lifting rod, a lifting rope is arranged between the two lifting rods, and supporting parts are arranged on both ends of the piston cross bar. The present invention can be generally used for adjusting the difference between the hooks of No. 17, removing the baffle plate of the hook tail pin of No. 17, and adjusting the difference between the hooks of No. 13.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coupling difference adjustment, and in particular to a complete set of coupling difference adjustment devices for freight car couplers. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the vehicle, the nylon pad at the bottom of the coupler will change in height due to thickness wear. When the height difference of the interconnected couplers exceeds the specified value (75mm), when the train runs to the turnout or soft roadbed, the vehicle will shake up and down, especially on steep slopes, which is prone to decoupling and train separation. In addition, when the difference between the couplers is too large, the traction surface of the coupler tongue will be too small, causing the coupler tongue to be unable to withstand the traction force and prone to hook breakage accidents. Therefore, the difference between the couplers of the freight cars on the passing line needs to be measured in time at the maintenance site. If the difference between the couplers exceeds the specified value, the nylon pad of the coupler needs to be replaced in time to adjust the difference between the couplers to within the specified range. This operation is a key operation that directly affects railway safety production, and the operation frequency and intensity are both high.

[0003] According to the investigation, there is a lack of fast and effective standard operating equipment in the coupler adjustment operation on site. The operating mode for couplers No. 13 and No. 17 adopts the following replacement method: a steel support seat is placed under the coupler, and a hydraulic press is placed on it. After the coupler is lifted by the hydraulic press, the nylon pad is replaced.

[0004] According to staff feedback, the existing operation mode has the following pain points that need to be solved urgently:

[0005] (1) The current coupler height gauge is not only heavy and inconvenient to carry online, but can only measure the center height of the coupler when the vehicle is uncoupled. There is no effective tool to determine the height difference of the coupler when it is coupled.

[0006] (2) When adjusting the No. 17 coupler, the existing coupler inter-hook difference adjustment tool can only lift the coupler but cannot press down the spring seat. Therefore, after the coupler is lifted, the spring seat will move upward under the action of the spring reaction force, making the space for replacing the nylon pad small, the operation difficult and inefficient. At the same time, it is also impossible to remove and replace the metal pad above the coupler.

[0007] (3) The existing tooling for adjusting the inter-hook difference between couplers is large in size, heavy in weight, and inconvenient to carry.

[0008] (4) The existing coupler inter-hook adjustment tooling needs to be supported on the ballast ground, which is difficult to level. Not only is the operating efficiency low, but there is also a high risk of the hydraulic draft tipping over.

[0009] In view of the above situation, in order to reduce labor intensity, improve the efficiency of coupler adjustment operation, and ensure driving safety, a portable coupler inter-hooking difference adjustment tool set is designed in combination with the on-site coupler type and operation requirements to realize the rapid determination and efficient and safe adjustment of the coupler inter-hooking difference in the coupled state. It can be used for operations such as the inter-hooking difference adjustment of No. 17 couplers, the removal of the hook tail pin baffle of No. 17 couplers, and the inter-hooking difference adjustment of No. 13 couplers.

[0010] According to on-site investigation, the demand for this set of equipment is very urgent and in large quantity. Taking a certain vehicle depot as an example, each of its train inspection sites, technical handover sites, emergency disposal workshops and emergency rescue points need to be equipped with this equipment. It is preliminarily estimated that the entire section needs at least 55 sets. Based on the 41 truck sections on the entire railway, the demand for this equipment exceeds 2,000 sets, and the prospects for its application and promotion are good. Summary of the invention

[0011] Aiming at the problems that the current equipment for on-site truck coupler difference adjustment operation is inconvenient to carry, difficult to operate, low in operation efficiency and great difficulty in operation, the present invention designs a rapid coupler difference adjustment device, which includes a simple coupler height measuring device and a coupler rapid adjustment device, so as to facilitate the rapid operation of truck coupler difference adjustment operation.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0013] A complete set of coupling difference adjustment device for truck couplers, comprising:

[0014] A measuring device comprising a laser receiving plate detachably mounted on the coupler and a laser rangefinder used in conjunction with the laser receiving plate;

[0015] The adjusting device comprises a fixed seat installed on the coupler impact seat, a hydraulic cylinder is movably arranged on the fixed seat, a cylinder cross bar and a piston cross bar are respectively fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, lifting rods are arranged at both ends of the cylinder cross bar, a limit platform is arranged on the lifting rod, a lifting rope is arranged between the two lifting rods, and supporting parts are arranged at both ends of the piston cross bar.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: the support member is a lower pressure rod, one end of which is placed on the hook spring seat for support.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention: a wedge block is provided at one end of the push-down rod, which is squeezed into between the backing plate and the coupler spring seat for support.

[0018] As a further solution of the present invention: the support member is a downward limit rod, one end of which clamps the coupler impact seat to limit the downward movement of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the cylinder cross bar and the piston cross bar are arranged in parallel, and the two and the hydraulic cylinder form an I-shaped structure.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention: the lifting rod has a lifting frame, the lifting frame and the piston cross bar do not interfere with each other, the limit platform is arranged on the outer surface of the lifting frame, and a hook is provided at the bottom of the lifting frame for connecting a lifting rope.

[0021] As a further solution of the present invention: an inner cavity is provided on the fixing seat, and the inner cavity adopts a stepped structure design, the hydraulic cylinder is placed in the inner cavity, and the diameter of the small hole in the inner cavity is larger than the piston rod diameter of the hydraulic cylinder and smaller than the cylinder body diameter of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention: the lifting rod and the cylinder cross bar, the pressing rod or the pressing limit rod and the piston cross bar are all connected in a movable sleeve manner.

[0023] As a further solution of the present invention: two symmetrical mounting plates are provided on one side surface of the fixing seat, and a positioning fastener is provided on one of the mounting plates.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention: the measuring device also includes a horizontal rod, the laser rangefinder is slidably installed on the horizontal rod, the laser receiving plate is made of magnetic material, has positioning scale lines on its surface, and can be connected to the horizontal rod with an anti-drop rope.

[0025] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1. The present invention as a whole adopts a structural form of rapid assembly of multiple small parts. Each part has a compact structure and light weight, and can be collected in a tool box for easy carrying. Its installation is based on the coupler impact seat as a fixed basis. Through different installation methods of key parts, the relative movement mode between the cylinder body and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is changed, so that multiple operations such as adjustment of the mutual hook difference of No. 17 coupler (including replacement of long and short nylon pads), removal of the hook tail pin baffle of No. 17 coupler and adjustment of the mutual hook difference of No. 13 coupler can be realized efficiently, conveniently and safely.

[0027] 2. The present invention has the advantages of light weight, easy to carry, convenient operation, strong comprehensiveness of operation, etc. It will greatly promote the simple and efficient development of coupler adjustment operations, achieve the work goal of reducing staff and increasing efficiency, and has good application and promotion prospects.

[0028] 3. The measuring device of the present invention is mainly based on portability and ease of operation. It adopts laser measurement method and can quickly measure the height value of the coupler in the connected and unconnected state, so as to determine whether the difference between the hooks is within the allowable range.

[0029] 4. In order to take into account the two operations of adjusting the inter-hook difference of the No. 17 coupler and removing the coupler hook tail pin baffle, the present invention is provided with an upward pull limit platform on the lifting rod. By changing the installation direction of the limit platform, the operation mode can be changed.

[0030] 5. In order to achieve the replacement of the long nylon pad of No. 17 coupler, the present invention has a wedge-shaped structure under the lower pressure rod, which can be squeezed into the space between the pad and the coupler spring seat for support, so as to avoid the lower pressure rod pressing the nylon pad, making the pad unable to be replaced.

[0031] 6. The connection mode of single degree of freedom restriction is adopted between the fixing seat and the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention, which is not only convenient for disassembly and assembly, but also simple and reliable in structure and long in service life.

[0032] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a horizontal rod in the measuring device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a laser receiving plate in the measuring device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 An exploded schematic diagram of an adjustment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting rod provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cylinder cross bar and the hydraulic cylinder provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of the push-down rod provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a coupler impact seat provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the use status of the adjustment device provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of the use status of the adjustment device provided in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the piston cross rod and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder provided in Example 3 of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a downward-pressing limit rod provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.16 This is a schematic diagram of the usage status of the adjustment device provided in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0049] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: laser receiving plate 1, laser rangefinder 2, horizontal bar 3, positioning scale line 4, anti-slip rope 5, fixing seat 6, hydraulic cylinder 7, cylinder cross bar 8, piston cross bar 9, lifting rod 10, limit platform 11, lifting rope 12, downward pressure rod 13, wedge block 14, downward pressure limit rod 15, lifting frame 16, hook 17, mounting plate 18, positioning fastener 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0051] See attached Figure 1-11 This solution is used in the No. 17 coupler adjustment operation, mainly to achieve the No. 17 coupler inter-hooking difference adjustment (including the replacement of long and short nylon pads), as follows:

[0052] The first step is to see the attached Figure 1-4 , use the measuring device to quickly measure the height of the coupler in the coupled and uncoupled state, so as to determine whether the inter-hook difference is within the allowable range. The measuring device is an auxiliary device for the complete set of tools for adjusting the inter-hook difference of the coupler, rather than a dedicated measuring device. It is mainly based on portability and operational convenience, and uses laser measurement to achieve efficient measurement. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2As shown, it is composed of a high-precision laser rangefinder 2, a horizontal rod 3 and a magnetic laser receiving plate 1. During measurement, the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 is adsorbed and installed on the coupler so that its positioning scale line 4 is aligned with the center line of the coupler. The horizontal rod 3 is placed on the rail. Both ends of the horizontal rod 3 are provided with grooves adapted to the rail head. The laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the horizontal rod 3. The installation position of the laser rangefinder 2 can be adjusted according to the installation position of the laser receiving plate 1. A slider is provided on the horizontal rod 3, and the laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the slider. Figure 1 As shown. After installation, the distance between the level ruler and the laser receiving plate 1 is measured by the laser rangefinder 2, which is the height value of the center of the coupler, thereby providing data guidance for the adjustment of the coupler inter-hooking difference. In addition, in order to prevent the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 from being forgotten to be removed or lost, which may cause driving safety risks, the anti-lost connection hole on it can be used to flexibly connect it to the horizontal rod 3 through an anti-drop rope 5 (wire rope, etc.).

[0053] Step 2, see Attachment Figure 5-11 The adjustment device is installed with the coupler impact seat as the fixed foundation, so that the coupler and the spring pad are separated to the maximum extent, providing space for the replacement of the nylon pad. The adjustment device is a special tool for adjusting the difference between the couplers of trucks. Its structure is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, it is composed of a fixed seat 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a lifting rod 10, a cylinder cross bar 8, a lower pressure rod 13, a lifting rope 12, and a piston cross bar 9.

[0054] The fixing seat 6 is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity adopts a stepped structure design. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is placed in the inner cavity. The diameter of the small hole in the inner cavity is larger than the piston rod diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and smaller than the cylinder body diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7. Only the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is allowed to pass through the small hole. Its structure is not shown in the attached drawings. Two symmetrical mounting plates 18 are provided on one side of the fixing seat 6, and a positioning fastener 19 is provided on one of the mounting plates 18. The positioning fastener 19 is composed of a fastening bolt and a conical positioning seat, which effectively ensures the stability of the connection between the adjustment device and the coupler impact seat.

[0055] See attached Figure 6-9 A cylinder cross bar 8 and a piston cross bar 9 are fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 respectively. Lifting rods 10 are provided at both ends of the cylinder cross bar 8, and a limit platform 11 is provided on the lifting rod 10. A lifting rope 12 is provided between the two lifting rods 10. A downward pressing rod 13 is provided at both ends of the piston cross bar 9, and one end of the downward pressing rod 13 is placed on the hook spring seat for support.

[0056] See attached Figure 6The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 are arranged in parallel and are located at both ends of the fixed seat 6. The piston cross bar 9 is longer than the cylinder cross bar 8. The two and the hydraulic cylinder 7 form an I-shaped structure. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross bar 9 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected by a movable sleeve. Specifically, a protruding connector is provided at the bottom of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and a sleeve matching the connector is provided on the cylinder cross bar 8, such as Figure 8 As shown; a sliding sleeve head is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross rod 9 is inserted into the sliding sleeve head, and its structure is not shown in the drawings. A through groove is also provided at one end of the fixing seat 6 for accommodating the piston cross rod 9, which is convenient for application on different types of couplers.

[0057] See attached Figure 7 The lifting rod 10 has a lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 does not interfere with the piston cross bar 9. The limit platform 11 is arranged on the outer surface of the lifting frame 16. The bottom of the lifting frame 16 is provided with a hook 17 for connecting the sling 12. The piston cross bar 9 is placed in the lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 adopts a rectangular frame structure design, and its size meets the stroke of the piston cross bar 9.

[0058] The lifting rod 10 and the cylinder cross bar 8, and the pressing rod 13 and the piston cross bar 9 are all connected by a movable sleeve. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 can be designed in a rectangular, circular or other structural design. The lifting rod 10 and the pressing rod 13 are both provided with sliding sleeve heads that are compatible with the shapes of the cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9, so as to facilitate quick disassembly and assembly of the two.

[0059] For ease of operation, the power source of the adjustment device adopts a lithium battery pump, which has a compact structure and can be held in the hand (or made into a compact structure integrated with the hydraulic cylinder 7). The lifting action of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be quickly realized by pressing a button, which is efficient and convenient.

[0060] During operation, the fixing seat 6 is clamped on the upper frame plate of the coupler impact seat by using two symmetrically arranged mounting plates 18, and fixed by multiple positioning fasteners 19. The hydraulic cylinder 7, cylinder cross bar 8, piston cross bar 9, lifting rod 10, lifting rope 12, and lower pressure rod 13 are installed in sequence, and it is necessary to ensure that the limit platform 11 on the lifting rod 10 is located on the side away from the coupler impact seat, such as Fig.11 As shown. The lower pressure rod 13 is placed on the hook spring seat (if a long nylon pad is encountered, the wedge structure (wedge block 14) designed on the lower pressure rod 13 can be used to squeeze between the pad and the hook spring seat for support), and the lifting rope 12 passes under the hook. After installation, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is extended through the lithium pump to control the extension of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7. Under the action of oil pressure, the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 7 drives the hook upward through the lifting rod 10, and the piston rod drives the hook spring seat downward through the lower pressure rod 13 to press it tightly, so that the hook and the spring pad are separated to the maximum extent, providing space convenience for the replacement of the nylon pad.

[0061] Embodiment 2:

[0062] See attached Figure 1-10 12. This solution is used in the No. 17 coupler adjustment operation, mainly to realize the No. 17 coupler hook tail pin baffle removal operation. The coupler spring seat needs to be pressed down to make the coupler in a free state. The details are as follows:

[0063] The first step is to see the attached Figure 1-4 , use the measuring device to quickly measure the height of the coupler in the coupled and uncoupled state, so as to determine whether the inter-hook difference is within the allowable range. The measuring device is an auxiliary device for the complete set of tools for adjusting the inter-hook difference of the coupler, rather than a dedicated measuring device. It is mainly based on portability and operational convenience, and uses laser measurement to achieve efficient measurement. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of a high-precision laser rangefinder 2, a horizontal rod 3 and a magnetic laser receiving plate 1. During measurement, the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 is adsorbed and installed on the coupler so that its positioning scale line 4 is aligned with the center line of the coupler. The horizontal rod 3 is placed on the rail. Both ends of the horizontal rod 3 are provided with grooves adapted to the rail head. The laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the horizontal rod 3. The installation position of the laser rangefinder 2 can be adjusted according to the installation position of the laser receiving plate 1. A slider is provided on the horizontal rod 3, and the laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the slider. Figure 1 As shown. After installation, the distance between the level ruler and the laser receiving plate 1 is measured by the laser rangefinder 2, which is the height value of the center of the coupler, thereby providing data guidance for the adjustment of the coupler inter-hooking difference. In addition, in order to prevent the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 from being forgotten to be removed or lost, which may cause driving safety risks, the anti-lost connection hole on it can be used to flexibly connect it to the horizontal rod 3 through an anti-drop rope 5 (wire rope, etc.).

[0064] Step 2, see Attachment Figure 5-10 12. The adjustment device is installed with the coupler impact seat as the fixed foundation, and the spring plate is pressed down to the maximum extent, so that the coupler tilts downward in the automatic state, providing space for removing the hook tail pin baffle above the coupler. The adjustment device is a special tool for adjusting the mutual hook difference of truck couplers. Its structure is as follows Figure 5 As shown, it is composed of a fixed seat 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a lifting rod 10, a cylinder cross bar 8, a lower pressure rod 13, and a piston cross bar 9.

[0065] The fixing seat 6 is provided with an inner cavity, and the inner cavity adopts a stepped structure design. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is placed in the inner cavity. The diameter of the small hole in the inner cavity is larger than the diameter of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and smaller than the cylinder diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7. Only the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is allowed to pass through the small hole. The structure is not shown in the attached drawings. Two symmetrical mounting plates 18 are provided on one side of the fixing seat 6, and a positioning fastener 19 is provided on one of the mounting plates 18. The positioning fastener 19 is composed of a fastening bolt and a conical positioning seat, which effectively ensures the stability of the connection between the adjustment device and the coupler impact seat.

[0066] See attached Figure 6-9 A cylinder cross bar 8 and a piston cross bar 9 are fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 respectively. Lifting rods 10 are provided at both ends of the cylinder cross bar 8, and a limit platform 11 is provided on the lifting rod 10. A lifting rope 12 is provided between the two lifting rods 10. A downward pressing rod 13 is provided at both ends of the piston cross bar 9, and one end of the downward pressing rod 13 is placed on the hook spring seat for support.

[0067] See attached Figure 6 The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 are arranged in parallel and are located at both ends of the fixed seat 6. The piston cross bar 9 is longer than the cylinder cross bar 8. The two and the hydraulic cylinder 7 form an I-shaped structure. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross bar 9 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected by a movable sleeve. Specifically, a protruding connector is provided at the bottom of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and a sleeve matching the connector is provided on the cylinder cross bar 8, such as Figure 8 As shown; a sliding sleeve head is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross rod 9 is inserted into the sliding sleeve head, and its structure is not shown in the drawings. A through groove is also provided at one end of the fixing seat 6 for accommodating the piston cross rod 9, which is convenient for application on different types of couplers.

[0068] See attached Figure 7 The lifting rod 10 has a lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 does not interfere with the piston cross bar 9, and the limit platform 11 is arranged on the outer surface of the lifting frame 16. The piston cross bar 9 is placed in the lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 adopts a rectangular frame structure design, and its size meets the stroke of the piston cross bar 9.

[0069] The lifting rod 10 and the cylinder cross bar 8, and the pressing rod 13 and the piston cross bar 9 are all connected by a movable sleeve. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 can be designed in a rectangular, circular or other structural design. The lifting rod 10 and the pressing rod 13 are both provided with sliding sleeve heads that are compatible with the shapes of the cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9, so as to facilitate quick disassembly and assembly of the two.

[0070] For ease of operation, the power source of the adjustment device adopts a lithium battery pump, which has a compact structure and can be held in the hand (or made into a compact structure integrated with the hydraulic cylinder 7). The lifting action of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be quickly realized by pressing a button, which is efficient and convenient.

[0071] During operation, the fixing seat 6 is clamped on the upper frame plate of the coupler impact seat by using two symmetrically arranged mounting plates 18, and fixed by multiple positioning fasteners 19. The hydraulic cylinder 7, cylinder cross bar 8, piston cross bar 9, lifting rod 10, and lower pressure rod 13 are installed in sequence, and it is necessary to ensure that the limit platform 11 on the lifting rod 10 is located on the side close to the coupler impact seat, and the lifting rope 12 is removed. Fig.12 As shown. The lower pressure rod 13 is placed on the hook spring seat (if a long nylon pad is encountered, the wedge structure (wedge block 14) designed on the lower pressure rod 13 can be used to squeeze between the pad and the hook spring seat for support), so that the limit platform 11 on the lifting rod 10 abuts against the lower surface of the reinforcing rib plate of the hook impact seat, thereby limiting the upward movement of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 7, so that the hydraulic oil only pushes the piston rod downward to drive the hook spring seat downward to press, and the hook follows the hook spring seat under the action of gravity to tilt downward, increase the distance between its upper part and the hook impact seat, and provide space for taking out the hook tail pin baffle above the hook.

[0072] Embodiment 3:

[0073] See attached Figure 1-10 , 13-16, this scheme is used for the No. 13 hook inter-hooking difference adjustment operation. It is necessary to first remove the hook support beam under the hook, and then replace the nylon pad on the hook support beam. The details are as follows:

[0074] The first step is to see the attached Figure 1-4 , use the measuring device to quickly measure the height of the coupler in the coupled and uncoupled state, so as to determine whether the inter-hook difference is within the allowable range. The measuring device is an auxiliary device for the complete set of tools for adjusting the inter-hook difference of the coupler, rather than a dedicated measuring device. It is mainly based on portability and operational convenience, and uses laser measurement to achieve efficient measurement. Its structure is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is composed of a high-precision laser rangefinder 2, a horizontal rod 3 and a magnetic laser receiving plate 1. During measurement, the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 is adsorbed and installed on the coupler so that its positioning scale line 4 is aligned with the center line of the coupler. The horizontal rod 3 is placed on the rail. Both ends of the horizontal rod 3 are provided with grooves adapted to the rail head. The laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the horizontal rod 3. The installation position of the laser rangefinder 2 can be adjusted according to the installation position of the laser receiving plate 1. A slider is provided on the horizontal rod 3, and the laser rangefinder 2 is installed on the slider. Figure 1As shown. After installation, the distance between the level ruler and the laser receiving plate 1 is measured by the laser rangefinder 2, which is the height value of the center of the coupler, thereby providing data guidance for the adjustment of the coupler inter-hooking difference. In addition, in order to prevent the magnetic laser receiving plate 1 from being forgotten to be removed or lost, which may cause driving safety risks, the anti-lost connection hole on it can be used to flexibly connect it to the horizontal rod 3 through an anti-drop rope 5 (wire rope, etc.).

[0075] Step 2, see Attachment Figure 5-8 , 13-16, the adjustment device is installed with the coupler impact seat as the fixed foundation, so that the coupler and the spring pad are separated to the maximum extent, providing space for the replacement of the nylon pad. The adjustment device is a special tool for adjusting the difference between the couplers of trucks. Its structure is as follows Fig.13 As shown, it is composed of a fixed seat 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a lifting rod 10, a cylinder cross bar 8, a downward pressure limit rod 15, a lifting rope 12, and a piston cross bar 9.

[0076] An inner cavity is provided on the fixing seat 6, the inner cavity is designed as a through hole, and an internal thread is provided on the inner cavity wall. The hydraulic cylinder 7 is placed in the inner cavity, and the diameter of the inner cavity is larger than the cylinder diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7. A positioning sleeve is provided in the inner cavity of the fixing seat 6, and an external thread is provided on the outer surface of the positioning sleeve, which is used in conjunction with the inner cavity of the fixing seat 6. The inner diameter of the positioning sleeve is larger than the piston rod diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7 and smaller than the cylinder diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 7. By adjusting the position of the positioning sleeve in the inner cavity of the fixing seat 6, the installation height of the hydraulic cylinder 7 relative to the fixing seat 6 can be changed. Its structure is as follows: Fig.14 Two symmetrical mounting plates 18 are provided on one side of the fixing seat 6, and a positioning fastener 19 is provided on one of the mounting plates 18. The positioning fastener 19 is composed of a fastening bolt and a conical positioning seat, which effectively ensures the stability of the connection between the adjustment device and the coupler impact seat.

[0077] See attached Figure 6-8 , 15. A cylinder cross bar 8 and a piston cross bar 9 are fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 respectively. Lifting rods 10 are provided at both ends of the cylinder cross bar 8. A limit platform 11 is provided on the lifting rod 10. A lifting rope 12 is provided between the two lifting rods 10. Down-pressing rods 13 are provided at both ends of the piston cross bar 9, and one end of the down-pressing rods 13 is placed on the hook spring seat for support.

[0078] See attached Figure 6 The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 are arranged in parallel and are located at both ends of the fixed seat 6. The piston cross bar 9 is longer than the cylinder cross bar 8. The two and the hydraulic cylinder 7 form an I-shaped structure. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the cylinder bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross bar 9 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 are connected by a movable sleeve. Specifically, a protruding connector is provided at the bottom of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and a sleeve matching the connector is provided on the cylinder cross bar 8, such as Figure 8As shown; a sliding sleeve head is provided at the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7, and the piston cross rod 9 is inserted into the sliding sleeve head. The piston cross rod 9 and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can also be designed as a slider rail structure, the piston cross rod 9 is designed as a guide rail structure, the piston rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is designed as a concave structure, and symmetrical latch teeth are provided on the inner side of the concave structure, and the piston cross rod 9 is inserted into the concave structure of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7, as shown in FIG. Fig.14 A through groove is also provided at one end of the fixing seat 6 for accommodating the piston cross rod 9, so as to be convenient for application on different types of couplers.

[0079] See attached Figure 7 The lifting rod 10 has a lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 does not interfere with the piston cross bar 9. The limit platform 11 is arranged on the outer surface of the lifting frame 16. The bottom of the lifting frame 16 is provided with a hook 17 for connecting the sling 12. The piston cross bar 9 is placed in the lifting frame 16, and the lifting frame 16 adopts a rectangular frame structure design, and its size meets the stroke of the piston cross bar 9.

[0080] The lifting rod 10 and the cylinder cross bar 8, the downward limit rod 15 and the piston cross bar 9 are all connected in a movable sleeve manner. The cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9 can be designed in a rectangular, circular or other structural design. The lifting rod 10 and the downward limit rod 15 are both provided with a sliding sleeve head that matches the shape of the cylinder cross bar 8 and the piston cross bar 9, which is convenient for the rapid disassembly and assembly of the two. The downward limit rod 15 adopts an L-shaped structural design.

[0081] For ease of operation, the power source of the adjustment device adopts a lithium battery pump, which has a compact structure and can be held in the hand (or made into a compact structure integrated with the hydraulic cylinder 7). The lifting action of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be quickly realized by pressing a button, which is efficient and convenient.

[0082] During operation, the fixing seat 6 is clamped on the upper frame plate of the coupler impact seat by using two symmetrically arranged mounting plates 18, and fixed by multiple positioning fasteners 19. The hydraulic cylinder 7, cylinder cross bar 8, piston cross bar 9, lifting rod 10, lifting rope 12, and downward pressure limit rod 15 are installed in sequence, and it is necessary to ensure that the limit platform 11 on the lifting rod 10 is located on the side away from the coupler impact seat, such as Fig.16 After the downward limit rod 15 is installed, it will hook the upper surface of the reinforcing rib plate of the hook impact seat, thereby limiting the downward movement of the piston rod, so that the oil pressure only pushes the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 7 to move upward, thereby driving the hook upward through the lifting rod 10 and the lifting rope 12, so as to facilitate the removal of the hook support beam under the hook to replace the nylon pad.

[0083] Embodiment 4:

[0084] To ensure the portability of the coupler inter-hook difference adjustment device, a partitioned towable toolbox is rationally designed based on the structural characteristics of its multiple components that can be quickly assembled and the structural parameters of each component. Each component is placed in the toolbox, which can greatly improve the convenience of carrying the equipment during on-line operations and avoid the situation where the equipment is scattered and may be missed or lost.

[0085] The main research methods of this application are as follows:

[0086] (1) Mechanical structure design

[0087] According to the relevant requirements of the on-site truck coupler adjustment operation, CREO and other 3D software are used to adjust the tooling structure design. 3D motion simulation is used to simulate the coordination of motion between mechanisms and the feasibility of the plan. The design of the mechanical part should consider the lightness of the structure, the convenience of installation of each component, and the overall ease of operation.

[0088] (2) Hydraulic system design

[0089] The hydraulic system is designed according to the load requirements of on-site operations. Its ease of use and portability should be ensured as much as possible during the design. The initial consideration is to use a portable lithium-ion pump as its power source, which has a compact structure, quick response, and can be held directly in the hand. In addition, whether the lithium-ion pump and the hydraulic cylinder should be made into an integrated type needs to be determined based on later usage.

[0090] (3) Study on the accuracy of a simple measuring device for coupler height

[0091] Although the simple coupler height measuring device is an auxiliary equipment of the coupler inter-hook difference adjustment device, it is designed mainly for portability and simplicity, and does not require high-precision measurement of the coupler height. However, as a data-oriented device for coupler adjustment operations, its accuracy should be improved as much as possible on the basis of convenience. Here we will cooperate with professional metrology personnel to calibrate the designed simple measuring device, and continuously improve and optimize its accuracy accordingly.

[0092] (4) Load analysis and structural verification

[0093] In order to verify the rationality of the designed structure, it is planned to use ANSYS and other analysis software to check the strength of the designed structure, analyze the stress conditions of each component under different operating conditions, and continuously optimize the structure accordingly to ensure that the entire set of tooling is reliable in load-bearing and safe in use.

[0094] The above is only a preferred specific implementation of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers, characterized in that: include: A measuring device comprising a laser receiving plate detachably mounted on the coupler and a laser rangefinder used in conjunction with the laser receiving plate; The adjusting device comprises a fixed seat installed on the coupler impact seat, a hydraulic cylinder is movably arranged on the fixed seat, a cylinder cross bar and a piston cross bar are respectively fixedly connected to the cylinder bottom and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, lifting rods are arranged at both ends of the cylinder cross bar, a limit platform is arranged on the lifting rod, a lifting rope is arranged between the two lifting rods, and supporting parts are arranged at both ends of the piston cross bar.

2. A complete set of coupling difference adjustment device for truck couplers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting member is a lower pressure rod, one end of which is placed on the hook spring seat for support.

3. A complete set of coupling difference adjustment device for truck couplers according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the push rod is provided with a wedge block which is squeezed into between the backing plate and the coupler spring seat for support.

4. A complete set of coupling difference adjustment device for truck couplers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support member is a downward limit rod, one end of which clamps the coupler impact seat to limit the downward movement of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder.

5. A complete set of coupling adjustment device for truck couplers according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The cylinder cross bar and the piston cross bar are arranged in parallel, and the two and the hydraulic cylinder form an I-shaped structure.

6. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting rod has a lifting frame, the lifting frame and the piston cross bar do not interfere with each other, the limit platform is arranged on the outer surface of the lifting frame, and a hook is arranged at the bottom of the lifting frame for connecting the lifting rope.

7. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers according to claim 6, characterized in that: An inner cavity is provided on the fixing seat, and the inner cavity adopts a stepped structure design. The hydraulic cylinder is placed in the inner cavity. The diameter of the small hole in the inner cavity is larger than the piston rod diameter of the hydraulic cylinder and smaller than the cylinder body diameter of the hydraulic cylinder.

8. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lifting rod and the cylinder cross bar, the pressing rod or the pressing limit rod and the piston cross bar are all connected in a movable sleeve manner.

9. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two symmetrical mounting plates are arranged on one side of the fixing seat, and a positioning fastener is arranged on one of the mounting plates.

10. A complete set of equipment for adjusting the difference between the hooks of truck couplers according to claim 9, characterized in that: The measuring device also includes a horizontal rod, the laser rangefinder is slidably mounted on the horizontal rod, the laser receiving plate is made of magnetic material, has positioning scale lines on its surface, and can be connected to the horizontal rod by an anti-drop rope.

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