Safety protection system for petroleum drilling equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling protection, and discloses a petroleum drilling equipment safety protection system which performs data monitoring through a data monitoring unit, supplies power through safety voltage by a safety voltage power supply unit, supplies power through a power supply system by a sensor, and controls electric signal output and input through a signal control unit. The control unit is used for controlling drilling machine braking, slurry pump pressure reduction, oil pressure alarm and poisonous and harmful gas and page alarm, the alarm unit is used for carrying out abnormal monitoring alarm through a voice reminding module and a sound-light alarm module, and the touch control unit is used for displaying various operation parameters, setting an alarm threshold value, checking an alarm record and monitoring the equipment operation state. Through the combination of the modules, the problems that an existing well drilling safety protection system is not safe in voltage, single in function, unstable and incomplete in safety protection are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling protection, in particular to a safety protection system for oil drilling equipment. Background Art

[0002] The development of oil drilling safety protection system technology has experienced a transformation from the early over-winding valve and hammer-type anti-collision crane to the intelligent digital anti-collision crane. After several years of safety system upgrades and improvements in safety awareness, a number of mature safety protection devices have been developed, including drilling rig pump pressure over-limit protection and early warning, drilling rig travel crane system lifting overload protection and early warning devices, etc. However, there are problems such as large space occupation, unstable system, cumbersome disassembly and assembly, unsafe voltage, and confusing alarms.

[0003] The oil drilling operation environment is complex and changeable, and there are many safety hazards. The safety protection measures of traditional drilling equipment are often scattered and single-function, which is difficult to meet the high safety requirements of modern drilling operations. Therefore, the development of a comprehensive safety protection device and system that integrates multiple safety protection functions is of great significance to ensure the safety of drilling operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a safety protection system for oil drilling equipment, which is equipped with a data monitoring unit, including a toxic and harmful gas detection module, a liquid level monitoring module, an air pressure monitoring module, a water pressure monitoring module, a water temperature dynamic monitoring module, an oil pressure detection module, a wire rope detection module, a pump pressure monitoring module, a hydraulic monitoring module, a winch brake detection module, an incorrect operation monitoring module, a high and low dialogue module, a winch position monitoring module, a top drive device monitoring module, and a traveling block overload monitoring module. The safety voltage power supply unit is powered by a safety voltage, and the sensor is powered by a power supply system. The signal control unit controls the output and input of electrical signals, which is used to control the drilling rig brake, the mud pump decompression, the oil pressure alarm, the toxic and harmful gas and page alarms. The alarm unit performs abnormal monitoring and alarming through a voice reminder module and an audible and visual alarm module. The touch control unit is used to display various operation parameters, set alarm thresholds, view alarm records, and monitor the operation status of the equipment. Through the combination of the above modules, the system has the advantages of solving the problems of the existing drilling safety protection system such as non-safe voltage, single function and instability, and incomplete safety protection, and solves the above problems.

[0006] (II) Technical solution To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a safety protection system for oil drilling equipment, comprising a data monitoring unit, a safety voltage power supply unit, a signal control unit, an alarm unit and a touch control unit; The data monitoring unit includes a toxic and harmful gas detection module, a liquid level monitoring module, an air pressure monitoring module, a water pressure monitoring module, a water temperature dynamic monitoring module, an oil pressure detection module, a wire rope detection module, a pump pressure monitoring module, a hydraulic monitoring module, a winch brake detection module, a misoperation monitoring module, a high and low dialogue module, a winch position monitoring module, a top drive device monitoring module, and a traveling block overload monitoring module; The toxic and harmful gas detection module uses the chemical reaction between gas and electrode surface to generate current, and calculates the current value To judge the gas concentration and sound an alarm when the concentration exceeds the standard; The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data, and calculate the pressure on the transmitter facing the liquid surface. , Density of the liquid being measured , local gravity acceleration , the depth of the transmitter into the liquid and atmospheric pressure above the liquid level , to determine the liquid level, liquid and gas pressure, and temperature. When the above values ​​change, the sensor converts this change into an electrical signal output. When the detection result is abnormal, an alarm is issued through the alarm unit; The misoperation monitoring module analyzes facial features and uses a recognition algorithm to determine whether the worker's eyes are closed. When it detects that the worker's eyes are closed for longer than a preset threshold, the module will determine that the worker is in a fatigued or drowsy state. Once the system determines that the worker may be in a fatigued or drowsy state, it will immediately trigger an alarm mechanism; The pump pressure real-time monitoring module monitors the pressure of each mud pump in real time through a pressure sensor. When the pump pressure is abnormal, the signal control unit controls the mud pump to stop pumping, and an alarm is sounded through the alarm unit; The traveling block overload detection module monitors the load of the entire hook system in real time through the force sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor installed on the traveling block. After the touch control unit receives the electrical signal from the sensor, it processes and judges the data and calculates the actual load. Compare with the rated load of the equipment to determine whether there is an overload. Once it is detected that the actual load exceeds the rated load, the overload protection mechanism will be triggered immediately and an alarm will be sounded through the alarm unit; The winch brake detection module includes real-time monitoring of system pressure and whether the power supply is powered, and a pressure sensor is installed in the module for real-time monitoring of the pressure value of the brake oil; The wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig. By quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the movement distance of the traveling block. Work done with the drilling rope By regularly recording the ton-kilometers of the drilling rope and combining it with information such as appearance inspection and wear degree, the remaining service life of the drilling rope and whether it needs to be replaced can be determined. When the detection result exceeds the preset value, the alarm unit will sound an alarm. The high-low dialogue module is used to receive signals and maintain interference-free dialogue between the driller and the derrick operator; The oil pressure detection module monitors the lubrication oil pressure sensors installed in the winch, mud pump, linkage, generator, etc. in real time, and determines whether the lubrication system is normal by the oil pressure change of the equipment. When the oil pressure is abnormal, an alarm is issued through the alarm unit; The top drive device monitoring module monitors the position of the lifting ring and determines whether there is a monkey platform through the proximity sensor installed on the lifting ring and the counting sensor on the winch, and alarms through the alarm unit when the monkey platform is detected; The winch position monitoring module determines the position of the winch through a counting sensor installed on the winch. If the traveling block is too low to drill or too high to lift the overhead block, an alarm will be issued through an alarm unit when the detection result is abnormal. The safety voltage power supply unit is powered by a safety voltage, and the sensor is powered by a power supply system; The signal control unit controls the output and input of electrical signals, and is used to control the drilling rig brake, mud pump decompression, oil pressure alarm, toxic and harmful gas and page alarm; The alarm unit performs abnormal monitoring and alarming via a voice reminder module and an audible and visual alarm module; The touch control unit is used to display various operating parameters, set alarm thresholds, view alarm records, and monitor the operating status of the equipment.

[0007] Preferably, the toxic and harmful gas detection module generates current by chemical reaction between gas and electrode surface, and calculates the current value To determine the gas concentration, the calculation formula is as follows: The sensor response is expressed as the reaction between the gas and the electrode: , The current and gas concentration of this reaction The relationship is expressed as: , In the formula, Indicates the current value, represents gas molecules, Represents electrons, , Indicates the substance formed after the reaction, represents the sensitivity constant, which depends on the sensor characteristics, Represents the reaction order, which is between 0 and 1.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the pressure on the transmitter facing the liquid surface. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the density of the measured liquid. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the local gravity acceleration. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, is the local gravitational acceleration, Indicates the height of the device. Represents the average radius of the Earth.

[0011] Preferably, the liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Indicates the measured pressure, Indicates atmospheric pressure, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the liquid flow rate, Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the atmospheric pressure above the liquid level. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, It represents the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface. represents the number of moles of gas, is the gas constant, Indicates temperature, Indicates the volume of gas.

[0013] Preferably, the traveling carriage overload detection module monitors the load of the entire hook system in real time through the force sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor installed on the traveling carriage. After the touch control unit receives the electrical signal from the sensor, it processes and judges the data and calculates the actual load. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, represents the actual load, Indicates the mass of a heavy object.

[0014] Preferably, the wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig, and the travel distance of the traveling block is calculated by quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, monitoring the load by the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig, and measuring the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, Indicates the travel distance of the tour carriage. represents the radius of the roller, Indicates the number of rotations of the drum. represents the value of pi, which is 3.14.

[0015] Preferably, the wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig, and the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block is quantified. The tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the work done by the drilling rope. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, It represents the work done by the drilling rope. Indicates the tension of the wire rope, Indicates the travel distance of the carriage.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a safety protection system for oil drilling equipment, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention includes a toxic and harmful gas detection module, a liquid level monitoring module, an air pressure monitoring module, a water pressure monitoring module, a water temperature dynamic monitoring module, an oil pressure detection module, a wire rope detection module, a pump pressure monitoring module, a hydraulic monitoring module, a winch brake detection module, an incorrect operation monitoring module, a high and low dialogue module, a winch position monitoring module, a top drive device monitoring module, and a traveling block overload monitoring module through a data monitoring unit. The safety voltage power supply unit is powered by a safety voltage, and the sensor is powered by a power supply system. The signal control unit controls the output and input of electrical signals and is used to control the drilling rig brake, mud pump decompression, oil pressure alarm, toxic and harmful gas and page alarm. The alarm unit performs abnormal monitoring and alarming through a voice reminder module and an audible and visual alarm module. The touch control unit is used to display various operation parameters, set alarm thresholds, view alarm records, and monitor the operating status of the equipment. Through the combination of the above modules, the problems of incomplete safety protection such as the non-safe voltage, single function and instability of the existing drilling safety protection system are solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a functional block diagram of the safety protection system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In view of the complex and changeable environment of oil drilling operations, there are many safety hazards. The safety protection measures of traditional drilling equipment are often scattered and single-function, which is difficult to meet the high safety requirements of modern drilling operations. Therefore, a safety protection system for oil drilling equipment is proposed. Please refer to Figure 1 , the system includes a data monitoring unit, a safety voltage supply unit, a signal control unit, an alarm unit and a touch control unit; The data monitoring unit includes toxic and harmful gas detection module, liquid level monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, water temperature dynamic monitoring module, oil pressure detection module, wire rope detection module, pump pressure monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, winch brake detection module, misoperation monitoring module, high and low dialogue module, winch position monitoring module, top drive device monitoring module, and traveling block overload monitoring module, among which: The toxic and harmful gas detection module uses the chemical reaction between gas and electrode surface to generate current, and calculates the current value To determine the gas concentration, the calculation formula is as follows: The sensor response is expressed as the reaction between the gas and the electrode: , The current and gas concentration of this reaction The relationship is expressed as: , Many gas sensors detect gas concentrations, especially when working through electrochemical or semiconductor principles, and their current response shows a certain relationship with the gas concentration. By measuring the current, fast and accurate feedback on the gas concentration can be obtained. This method is usually faster than other technologies, such as optical sensors. In the formula, Indicates the current value, represents gas molecules, Represents electrons, Indicates the substance formed after the reaction, represents the sensitivity constant, which depends on the sensor characteristics, Indicates the reaction order, between 0 and 1. By monitoring the gas concentration in real time, an alarm can be issued before the concentration reaches a dangerous level, thus avoiding equipment overload or worker poisoning; Liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, water temperature dynamic monitoring module, through the application of sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure and water temperature data, calculate the pressure on the transmitter facing the liquid surface , Density of the liquid being measured , local gravity acceleration , the depth of the transmitter into the liquid and atmospheric pressure above the liquid level , to determine the liquid level, liquid and gas pressure, and temperature, where: The formula for calculating the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter is as follows: , By measuring the pressure on the liquid surface, the liquid level can be accurately calculated, which is crucial to ensure the safety of liquid supply and maintenance. In the formula, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Indicates the local gravity acceleration, and the pressure data can be fed back in real time, helping operators to understand the liquid status in time and adjust the operation process at any time; The formula for calculating the density of the measured liquid is as follows: , The density of a liquid is an important indicator of its properties. Calculating the density of a liquid helps determine its composition and properties. In the formula, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Indicates the local gravity acceleration. Knowing the liquid density information helps improve fluid management during drilling and optimize operations such as fracturing and cleaning; The local gravitational acceleration is calculated as follows: , In different geographical environments or depths, the acceleration of gravity may be different. Real-time monitoring can help adjust the equipment operating parameters. In the formula, is the local gravitational acceleration, Indicates the height of the device. Indicates the average radius of the Earth. In scientific research and technological development, the accurate calculation of gravitational acceleration can be used to verify and correct theoretical models; The calculation formula for the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid is as follows: , By calculating the depth of the transmitter, we can accurately know where the liquid is located, which helps to control the liquid level. In the formula, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Indicates the measured pressure, Indicates atmospheric pressure, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the liquid flow rate, Indicates the local gravitational acceleration. In a dynamic environment, understanding the depth of the equipment into the liquid helps to analyze and predict the behavior of the fluid so that timely countermeasures can be taken; The formula for calculating the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface is as follows: , Atmospheric pressure affects the actual pressure on the liquid surface. Calculating atmospheric pressure can compensate for pressure measurement and provide more realistic liquid level information. In the formula, It represents the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface. represents the number of moles of gas, is the gas constant, Indicates temperature, Indicates gas volume. In liquid storage and transportation, understanding the changes in atmospheric pressure helps to prevent the release and accumulation of toxic gases when possible; The misoperation monitoring module analyzes facial features, and the algorithm can determine whether the worker's eyes are closed. In order to improve the accuracy of the judgment, the algorithm usually considers multiple factors, such as eye closure time, eye closure frequency, blink amplitude, etc. When the system detects that the worker's eye closure time exceeds the preset threshold, the system will think that the worker may be in a state of fatigue or sleepiness. Once the system determines that the worker may be in a state of fatigue or sleepiness, it will immediately trigger the alarm mechanism. The alarm information contains detailed information such as the worker's location, eye closure time, image evidence, etc., so that timely measures can be taken. If the operator closes his eyes for more than 1 second, the operator is prompted to take a break and replace the operator; The pump pressure real-time monitoring module monitors the pressure of each pump in real time through the pressure sensor. When the pump pressure is abnormal, the mud pump is stopped through the control signal output unit, and an alarm is sounded through the alarm unit. On the basis of the traditional drilling pump pressure protection device, a pressure protection system is added. At the same time, the current reference pump pressure and transmission signal are tracked and recorded. Once the pump pressure exceeds the set warning value, a voice, sound and light alarm is sounded, and the mud pump is controlled to slow down or stop running through the PLC control system; The traveling block overload detection module monitors the load of the entire hook system in real time through the force sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor installed on the traveling block. After the touch control unit receives the electrical signal from the sensor, it processes and judges the data and calculates the actual load. Compare with the rated load of the equipment to determine whether there is an overload. Once the actual load is detected to exceed the rated load, the overload protection mechanism will be triggered immediately and an alarm will be issued through the alarm unit, including: The actual load calculation formula is as follows: , Accurately calculating the actual load can effectively prevent equipment overloading and ensure that the drilling equipment operates within a safe load range, thereby reducing the risk of equipment failure and accidents. In the formula, represents the actual load, Indicates the mass of heavy objects and reasonably controls the actual load, which helps to reduce mechanical wear and fatigue, increase the service life of equipment, and reduce maintenance and replacement costs; The winch brake detection module includes real-time monitoring of system pressure and power supply. A pressure sensor is installed in the module to monitor the pressure value of the brake oil in real time; The wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig. By quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the travel distance of the traveling block. Work done with the drilling rope By regularly recording the ton-kilometers of the drilling rope, and combining its appearance inspection, wear degree and other information, the remaining service life of the drilling rope and whether it needs to be replaced are determined. When the detection result exceeds the preset value, the alarm unit will alarm, including: The formula for calculating the travel distance of the tour carriage is as follows: , Knowing the travel distance of the traveling carriage can help the operator select the appropriate lifting speed to optimize the drilling speed and efficiency and improve the overall operation effect. In the formula, Indicates the travel distance of the tour carriage. represents the radius of the roller, Indicates the number of rotations of the drum. Indicates the pi, which is 3.14. Accurately measuring the travel distance of the traveling block helps prevent the traveling block from hitting the wellhead or other equipment, thereby avoiding equipment damage and personal injury, and increasing operation safety; The work done by the drilling rope is calculated as follows: , Calculating the work done by the rope can help evaluate the energy consumption during the drilling process, which is very important for optimizing equipment performance, improving efficiency while reducing energy consumption. In the formula, It represents the work done by the drilling rope. Indicates the tension of the wire rope, Indicates the travel distance of the traveling block. Through the calculation of work, the performance of the rope under different drilling conditions can be analyzed, helping engineers to make optimal decisions in process development and implementation, and improve overall operating efficiency; High-low dialogue module, through the explosion-proof intercom device installed in the driller's room and the second-floor platform, the driller can talk to the derrick worker at any time by pointing to the front touch screen. Technical measures such as noise reduction and voice change are adopted to achieve interference-free dialogue between the driller and the derrick worker, and the voice communication is clear and smooth; The oil pressure detection module monitors the lubrication oil pressure sensors installed on the winch, mud pump, linkage, generator, etc. in real time. The oil pressure changes of the equipment determine whether the lubrication system is normal. When the oil pressure is abnormal, the alarm unit will sound an alarm. The top drive monitoring module transmits the signal to the PLC control system through the proximity sensor installed on the lifting ring and the counting sensor on the winch, stores the action process and action time of the lifting ring control solenoid valve for the last 9 times, determines the actual position and tilt angle of the top drive lifting ring, and cooperates with the winch sensor to realize automatic warning and braking of the top drive lifting ring hanging monkey platform, reducing the risk caused by personnel misoperation and protecting the personal safety of derrick workers; The winch position monitoring module determines the position of the winch through the counting sensor installed on the winch. If the traveling block is too low, the drill will be stopped; if the traveling block is too high, the overhead crane will be lifted. When the detection result is abnormal, an alarm will be issued through the alarm unit. The safety voltage power supply unit is powered by a safety voltage, and the sensor is powered by a power supply system; The signal control unit controls the output and input of electrical signals, and is used to control the drilling rig brake, mud pump decompression, oil pressure alarm, toxic and harmful gas and page alarm; The alarm unit monitors and alarms abnormalities through the voice reminder module and the sound and light alarm module; The touch control unit is used to display various operating parameters, set alarm thresholds, view alarm records, and monitor equipment operating status.

[0020] The combination of the above modules solves the problems of incomplete safety protection such as the existing drilling safety protection system having unsafe voltage, single function and instability.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment, characterized in that: It includes a data monitoring unit, a safety voltage power supply unit, a signal control unit, an alarm unit and a touch control unit; The data monitoring unit includes a toxic and harmful gas detection module, a liquid level monitoring module, an air pressure monitoring module, a water pressure monitoring module, a water temperature dynamic monitoring module, an oil pressure detection module, a wire rope detection module, a pump pressure monitoring module, a hydraulic monitoring module, a winch brake detection module, a misoperation monitoring module, a high and low dialogue module, a winch position monitoring module, a top drive device monitoring module, and a traveling block overload monitoring module; The toxic and harmful gas detection module uses the chemical reaction between gas and electrode surface to generate current, and calculates the current value To judge the gas concentration and sound an alarm when the concentration exceeds the standard; The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data, and calculate the pressure on the transmitter facing the liquid surface. , Density of the liquid being measured , local gravity acceleration , the depth of the transmitter into the liquid and atmospheric pressure above the liquid level , to determine the liquid level, liquid and gas pressure, and temperature. When the above values ​​change, the sensor converts this change into an electrical signal output. When the detection result is abnormal, an alarm is issued through the alarm unit; The misoperation monitoring module analyzes facial features and uses a recognition algorithm to determine whether the worker's eyes are closed. When it detects that the worker's eyes are closed for longer than a preset threshold, the module will determine that the worker is in a fatigued or drowsy state. Once the system determines that the worker may be in a fatigued or drowsy state, it will immediately trigger an alarm mechanism; The pump pressure real-time monitoring module monitors the pressure of each mud pump in real time through a pressure sensor. When the pump pressure is abnormal, the signal control unit controls the mud pump to stop pumping, and an alarm is sounded through the alarm unit; The traveling block overload detection module monitors the load of the entire hook system in real time through the force sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor installed on the traveling block. After the touch control unit receives the electrical signal from the sensor, it processes and judges the data and calculates the actual load. Compare with the rated load of the equipment to determine whether there is an overload. Once it is detected that the actual load exceeds the rated load, the overload protection mechanism will be triggered immediately and an alarm will be sounded through the alarm unit; The winch brake detection module includes real-time monitoring of system pressure and whether the power supply is powered, and a pressure sensor is installed in the module for real-time monitoring of the pressure value of the brake oil; The wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig. By quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the movement distance of the traveling block. Work done with the drilling rope By regularly recording the ton-kilometers of the drilling rope and combining it with information such as appearance inspection and wear degree, the remaining service life of the drilling rope and whether it needs to be replaced can be determined. When the detection result exceeds the preset value, the alarm unit will sound an alarm. The high-low dialogue module is used to receive signals and maintain interference-free dialogue between the driller and the derrick operator; The oil pressure detection module monitors the lubrication oil pressure sensors installed in the winch, mud pump, linkage, generator, etc. in real time, and determines whether the lubrication system is normal by the oil pressure change of the equipment. When the oil pressure is abnormal, an alarm is issued through the alarm unit; The top drive device monitoring module monitors the position of the lifting ring and determines whether there is a monkey platform through the proximity sensor installed on the lifting ring and the counting sensor on the winch, and alarms through the alarm unit when the monkey platform is detected; The winch position monitoring module determines the position of the winch through a counting sensor installed on the winch. If the traveling block is too low to drill or too high to lift the overhead block, an alarm will be issued through an alarm unit when the detection result is abnormal. The safety voltage power supply unit is powered by a safety voltage, and the sensor is powered by a power supply system; The signal control unit controls the output and input of electrical signals, and is used to control the drilling rig brake, mud pump decompression, oil pressure alarm, toxic and harmful gas and page alarm; The alarm unit performs abnormal monitoring and alarming via a voice reminder module and an audible and visual alarm module; The touch control unit is used to display various operating parameters, set alarm thresholds, view alarm records, and monitor the operating status of the equipment.

2. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The toxic and harmful gas detection module uses the chemical reaction between gas and electrode surface to generate current, and calculates the current value To determine the gas concentration, the calculation formula is as follows: The sensor response is expressed as the reaction between the gas and the electrode: , The current and gas concentration of this reaction The relationship is expressed as: ， In the formula, Indicates the current value, represents gas molecules, Represents electrons, Indicates the substance formed after the reaction, represents the sensitivity constant, which depends on the sensor characteristics, Represents the reaction order, which is between 0 and 1.

3. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data, and calculate the pressure on the transmitter facing the liquid surface. , the calculation formula is as follows: ， In the formula, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

4. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic pressure monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the density of the measured liquid. , the calculation formula is as follows: ， In the formula, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the pressure on the liquid surface of the transmitter. Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

5. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the local gravity acceleration. , the calculation formula is as follows: ， In the formula, is the local gravitational acceleration, Indicates the height of the device. Represents the average radius of the Earth.

6. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. , the calculation formula is as follows: ， In the formula, Indicates the depth of the transmitter immersed in the liquid. Indicates the measured pressure, Indicates atmospheric pressure, represents the density of the liquid, Indicates the liquid flow rate, Represents the local gravitational acceleration.

7. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid level monitoring module, hydraulic monitoring module, air pressure monitoring module, water pressure monitoring module, and water temperature dynamic monitoring module use sensors to measure liquid, gas, air pressure, and water temperature data to calculate the atmospheric pressure above the liquid level. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, It represents the atmospheric pressure above the liquid surface. represents the number of moles of gas, is the gas constant, Indicates temperature, Indicates the volume of gas.

8. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The traveling block overload detection module monitors the load of the entire hook system in real time through the force sensor, pressure sensor and displacement sensor installed on the traveling block. After the touch control unit receives the electrical signal from the sensor, it processes and judges the data and calculates the actual load. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, represents the actual load, Indicates the mass of a heavy object.

9. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig. By quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the movement distance of the traveling block. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, Indicates the travel distance of the tour carriage. represents the radius of the roller, Indicates the number of rotations of the drum. represents the value of pi, which is 3.

14.

10. A safety protection system for oil drilling equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that: The wire rope detection module is used to monitor the fatigue of the wire rope on the drilling rig. By quantifying the work done by the drilling rope during the movement of the traveling block, the tension sensor installed on the drilling rig monitors the load, measures the height change of the traveling block and the number of rotations of the drum, and calculates the work done by the drilling rope. , the calculation formula is as follows: , In the formula, It represents the work done by the drilling rope. Indicates the tension of the wire rope, Indicates the travel distance of the carriage.

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