Negative-pressure centrifugal cooling-water machine adopting water as refrigerant

Abstract

The invention relates to a negative pressure centrifugal water chiller adopting water as a refrigerant, which comprises a shell, a centrifugal compressor, a heat exchange device, a main water chamber and a controller, and the heat exchange device comprises a sealing shell, a first shell tube condensing heat exchanger, a second shell tube condensing heat exchanger, a first filter assembly, a second filter assembly and a shell tube evaporating heat exchanger, the first filtering assembly and the second filtering assembly divide the sealing shell into a first condensation cavity, an evaporation cavity and a second condensation cavity. The main water chamber comprises a first cooling water inlet chamber, a first cooling water outlet chamber, a second cooling water inlet chamber, a second cooling water outlet chamber, a chilled water inlet chamber and a chilled water outlet chamber. The flow of water vapor is increased, and the resistance is reduced as much as possible, so that the treatment capacity and efficiency of the system can be greatly improved. Compared with a conventional centrifugal cooling-water machine, the negative pressure centrifugal cooling-water machine adopting water as a refrigerant has the advantage that the natural cold source utilization capacity and stability are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of air conditioning and refrigeration, and in particular to a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as a refrigerant. Background Art

[0002] After decades of development, the central air conditioning water system has become mature in all aspects of technology. Due to its convenience, simple operation and high reliability, it is widely used in air conditioning systems of large data centers and commercial buildings. Negative pressure centrifugal chillers are increasingly used due to their high energy efficiency and low noise. However, current chillers all use chlorofluorocarbons, which are destructive to the ozone layer, as refrigerants. Not only are they expensive, but chlorofluorocarbons also cause great damage to the environment during production and application. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a chiller that uses an environmentally friendly refrigerant.

[0003] Water as a refrigerant (R718) is harmless to the environment and has low cost. Using water as a refrigerant has always been the dream of scientists in the refrigeration industry. Many predecessors have tried to use water as a refrigerant, but have not developed a chiller with energy efficiency close to that of ordinary refrigerants. The environmentally friendly chillers currently developed abroad that use water as a refrigerant have a performance gap with the current mainstream chillers, and the cooling capacity is only a few dozen kW, which cannot meet the needs of large commercial central air-conditioning systems. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as a refrigerant, wherein the negative pressure centrifugal chiller uses water as a refrigerant, comprises a heat exchange device, a centrifugal compressor, a total water chamber, a controller, and a casing; the heat exchange device comprises a shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, a shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger, a filter assembly, etc., the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger and the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are isolated by the filter assembly, water can penetrate into the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger through the filter assembly, but water vapor cannot pass through the filter assembly; the air inlet of the centrifugal compressor is connected to the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, and the air outlet of the centrifugal compressor is connected to the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger. When the negative pressure centrifugal chiller is working, water vapor enters the centrifugal compressor through the air inlet of the centrifugal compressor, and the compressed water vapor enters the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger through the air outlet of the centrifugal compressor and condenses into liquid water under the action of the internal circulating cooling water in the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, and the condensed liquid water enters the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger through the filter assembly, and the liquid water entering the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger evaporates into water vapor under the action of the centrifugal compressor and cools the refrigerated circulating water in the evaporator, and the cycle repeats. The centrifugal compressor is directly connected between the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger and the shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, which increases the flow of water vapor and reduces the resistance as much as possible, thereby greatly improving the system processing capacity and efficiency. By using a negative pressure centrifugal chiller that uses water as the refrigerant, the cooling capacity can reach the level of the current mainstream centrifugal chillers, and the energy efficiency can be greatly improved compared to ordinary chillers under high-temperature water conditions. The unit can operate normally even when the cooling water temperature drops to 5 degrees. The ability to utilize natural cold sources and the stability are also greatly improved compared to conventional centrifugal chillers.

[0005] The technical solution of the implementation case of the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as a refrigerant, comprising a shell, a centrifugal compressor, a heat exchange device, a total water chamber and a controller, wherein the centrifugal compressor, the heat exchange device, the total water chamber and the controller are all located inside the shell, the heat exchange device comprises a sealed shell, a first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, a second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, a first filter assembly, a second filter assembly and a shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly divide the sealed shell into a first condensing cavity, an evaporative cavity and a second condensing cavity, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are arranged at an angle, the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger is located in the first condensing cavity, the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger is located in the second condensing cavity, the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger is located in the evaporative cavity, the first condensing cavity has a first air inlet, the second condensing cavity has a second air inlet, the evaporative cavity has an air outlet, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to the centrifugal compressor through a pipeline. The air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the centrifugal compressor through a pipeline, the total water chamber includes a first cooling water inlet chamber, a first cooling water outlet chamber, a second cooling water inlet chamber, a second cooling water outlet chamber, a chilled water inlet chamber, and a chilled water outlet chamber, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are respectively connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber and the first cooling water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are respectively connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber and the second cooling water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger are respectively connected to the chilled water inlet chamber and the chilled water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the first cooling water inlet chamber, the first cooling water outlet chamber, the second cooling water inlet chamber, and the second cooling water outlet chamber are connected to the cooling water circulation circuit through a pipeline, and the chilled water inlet chamber and the chilled water outlet chamber are connected to the chilled water circulation circuit through a pipeline;

[0007] The controller controls the centrifugal compressor to start, and the centrifugal compressor draws the water vapor in the evaporation chamber into the working chamber of the centrifugal compressor through the air outlet, and mechanically compresses the water vapor in the working chamber to form high-pressure water vapor, which is transported to the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber through the pipeline through the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and is condensed into liquid water by heat exchange with the cooling circulating water in the coils of the first shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensation heat exchanger. The liquid water permeates from the first filter component and the second filter component and flows out into the evaporation chamber, and is evaporated into water vapor by heat exchange with the refrigeration circulating water in the coils of the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger, and the cycle is repeated.

[0008] Preferably, the heat exchange device further comprises a first tube-fin condenser, a second tube-fin condenser, a first tube-fin evaporator, and a second tube-fin evaporator, the first tube-fin condenser is located in the first condensing cavity, the second tube-fin condenser is located in the second condensing cavity, the first tube-fin evaporator and the second tube-fin evaporator are located in the evaporating cavity, the fins in the first tube-fin condenser are connected to the first side of the first filter assembly, the fins in the first tube-fin evaporator are connected to the second side of the first filter assembly, the fins in the second tube-fin condenser are connected to the first side of the second filter assembly, and the fins in the second tube-fin evaporator are connected to the second side of the second filter assembly. The second side of the second filter assembly is connected, the inlet of the first tube-fin evaporator is connected to the chilled water inlet chamber through a pipe, the outlet of the first tube-fin evaporator is connected to the inlet of the second tube-fin evaporator through a pipe, the outlet of the second tube-fin evaporator is connected to the chilled water outlet chamber through a pipe, the inlet of the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber through a pipe, the outlet of the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water outlet chamber through a pipe, the inlet of the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber through a pipe, and the outlet of the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water outlet chamber through a pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the first air inlet is located at one end of the first condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger; the second air inlet is located at one end of the second condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger.

[0010] Preferably, the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly are ceramic filter plates.

[0011] Preferably, the first filter component and the second filter component are filter membranes with an internal reinforced skeleton.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] By setting a filter component, the heat exchange device is divided into a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber. The filter component effectively filters the liquid water in the condensation chamber and penetrates into the evaporation chamber, and can prevent the gaseous water vapor in the condensation chamber from flowing into the evaporation chamber; by setting a centrifugal compressor, the air outlet of the centrifugal compressor is connected to the condensation chamber, and the air inlet of the centrifugal compressor is connected to the evaporation chamber, so that the sublimation and condensation changes of water as a refrigerant are switched, and the negative pressure generated by the centrifugal compressor makes it easier to evaporate the liquid water in the evaporation chamber, and the evaporation efficiency is higher. The centrifugal compressor compresses the water vapor into high-pressure water vapor, and the high-pressure water vapor is easier to condense into liquid water; by setting a total water chamber, the shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger can be better divided into cold cooling water and hot chilled water, so that the heat exchange effect is more prominent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The structure of a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 2 The structure of a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0016] 10. Centrifugal compressor; 20. Heat exchange device; 21. Sealed shell; 22. First shell and tube condensing heat exchanger; 23. Second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger; 24. First filter assembly; 25. Second filter assembly; 26. Shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger; 27. First condensing cavity; 271. First air inlet; 28. Second condensing cavity; 281. Second air inlet; 29. ​​Evaporative cavity; 291. Air outlet; 30. Total water chamber; 31. First cooling water inlet chamber; 32. First cooling water outlet chamber; 33. Second cooling water inlet chamber; 34. Second cooling water outlet chamber; 35. Chilled water inlet chamber; 36. Chilled water outlet chamber; 41. First tube-fin condensing heat exchanger; 42. Second tube-fin condensing heat exchanger; 43. First tube-fin evaporative heat exchanger; 44. Second tube-fin evaporative heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0018] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The structure of a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as a refrigerant, comprising a shell, a centrifugal compressor 10, a heat exchange device 20, a total water chamber 30 and a controller, wherein the centrifugal compressor 10, the heat exchange device 20, the total water chamber 30 and the controller are all located inside the shell, and the heat exchange device 20 comprises a sealed shell 21, a first shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger 22, a second shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger 23, a first filter assembly 24, a second filter assembly 25 and a shell-and-tube evaporating heat exchanger 26, wherein the first filter assembly 24 and the second filter assembly 25 separate the sealed shell 21 into a first condensing chamber 2 7, an evaporation chamber 29, a second condensation chamber 28, the first filter assembly 24 and the second filter assembly 25 are arranged obliquely, the first shell-tube condensation heat exchanger 22 is in the first condensation chamber 27, the second shell-tube condensation heat exchanger 23 is in the second condensation chamber 28, the shell-tube evaporation heat exchanger 26 is in the evaporation chamber 29, the first condensation chamber 27 has a first air inlet 271, the second condensation chamber 28 has a second air inlet 281, the evaporation chamber 29 has an air outlet 291, the first air inlet 271 and the second air inlet 281 are connected by a pipe The air outlet 291 is connected to the air inlet of the centrifugal compressor 10 through a pipeline, and the total water chamber 30 includes a first cooling water inlet chamber 31, a first cooling water outlet chamber 32, a second cooling water inlet chamber 33, a second cooling water outlet chamber 34, a chilled water inlet chamber 35, and a chilled water outlet chamber 36. The inlet and outlet of the coil in the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger 22 pass through the sealed shell 21 and are respectively connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber 31 and the first cooling water outlet chamber 32. The inlet of the coil in the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger 23 , the outlet passes through the sealed shell 21 and is communicated with the second cooling water inlet chamber 33 and the second cooling water outlet chamber 34 respectively, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger 26 pass through the sealed shell 21 and are communicated with the chilled water inlet chamber 32 and the chilled water outlet chamber 36 respectively, the first cooling water inlet chamber 31, the first cooling water outlet chamber 32, the second cooling water inlet chamber 33, and the second cooling water outlet chamber 34 are communicated with the cooling water circulation circuit through pipelines, and the chilled water inlet chamber 35 and the chilled water outlet chamber 36 are communicated with the chilled water circulation circuit through pipelines;

[0021] The controller controls the centrifugal compressor to start, and the centrifugal compressor draws the water vapor in the evaporation chamber into the working chamber of the centrifugal compressor through the air outlet, and mechanically compresses the water vapor in the working chamber to form high-pressure water vapor, which is transported to the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber through the pipeline through the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and is condensed into liquid water by heat exchange with the cooling circulating water in the coils of the first shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensation heat exchanger. The liquid water permeates from the first filter component and the second filter component and flows out into the evaporation chamber, and is evaporated into water vapor by heat exchange with the refrigeration circulating water in the coils of the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger, and the cycle is repeated.

[0022] The total water chamber is connected to the external cooling water circulation circuit and the external chilled water circulation circuit through pipelines. The external cooling water circulation circuit transports the cooling water circulation water to the first cooling water inlet chamber and the second cooling water inlet chamber through pipelines. The first cooling water inlet chamber divides the cooling circulation water into each coil in the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger. The cooling circulation water enters from one end of the coil, exchanges heat with the high-pressure water vapor output from the centrifugal compressor, and is output from the other end, converging to the first cooling water outlet chamber, and then converging to the external cooling water circulation circuit through pipelines to complete the circulation of the cooling water; similarly, the second cooling water inlet chamber divides the cooling circulation water into each coil in the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger. The cooling circulation water enters from one end of the coil, exchanges heat with the high-pressure water vapor output from the centrifugal compressor, and is output from the other end, converging to the second cooling water outlet chamber. , and then flow together through pipes into the external cooling water circulation loop to complete the cycle of cooling water heat exchange; the first cooling water inlet chamber and the second cooling water inlet chamber are respectively on the inner side of the first cooling water outlet chamber and the second cooling water outlet chamber, and the first cooling water outlet chamber and the second cooling water outlet chamber are located at both ends of the total water chamber; the external chilled water circulation loop transports the chilled water circulation water to the chilled water inlet chamber through a pipe, and the chilled water inlet chamber divides the chilled circulation water into each coil in the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger, and the chilled circulation water enters from one end of the coil, exchanges heat with the water droplets that penetrate into the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger from the first filter component and the first filter component, and then is output from the other end, and flows into the chilled water outlet chamber, and then flows into the external chilled water circulation loop through pipes to complete the circulation of chilled water, and the chilled water inlet chamber and the chilled water outlet chamber are located in the middle of the total water chamber.

[0023] The controller controls the centrifugal compressor to start, and the centrifugal compressor draws water vapor from the evaporation cavity. After the liquid water in the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger in the evaporation cavity that penetrates from the first filter component and the second filter component exchanges heat with the high-temperature external chilled water in the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger, the liquid water absorbs heat, heats up and evaporates. Under the negative pressure of the centrifugal compressor, the evaporation of the liquid water is accelerated, and the heat exchange and cooling of the external chilled water are accelerated, completing the heat exchange and cooling cycle of the external chilled water; the centrifugal compressor draws water vapor into the working cavity, compresses the water vapor into high-pressure water vapor, and transports it from the air outlet of the centrifugal compressor to the first condensation cavity and the second condensation cavity. In the first condensation cavity and the second condensation cavity, the high-pressure water vapor enters the first shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensation heat exchanger, exchanges heat and condenses with the cooling water with a low temperature outside, and condenses into liquid water, which flows from the outlets of the first shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensation heat exchanger to the first filter component and the second filter component. The liquid water penetrates into the evaporation cavity and enters the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger, and the cycle is repeated.

[0024] In order to further improve the condensation efficiency of water vapor and evaporation efficiency of water in the heat exchange device, such as Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The structure of a negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant in the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2Preferably, the heat exchange device 20 further comprises a first tube-fin condenser 41, a second tube-fin condenser 42, a first tube-fin evaporator 43, and a second tube-fin evaporator 44, wherein the first tube-fin condenser 41 is located in the first condensing cavity 27, the second tube-fin condenser 42 is located in the second condensing cavity 28, the first tube-fin evaporator 43 and the second tube-fin evaporator 44 are located in the evaporation cavity 29, the fins in the first tube-fin condenser 41 are connected to the first side of the first filter assembly 24, the fins in the first tube-fin evaporator 41 are connected to the second side of the first filter assembly 24, the fins in the second tube-fin condenser 42 are connected to the first side of the second filter assembly 25, and the second tube-fin evaporator 42 is connected to the first side of the second filter assembly 25. The fins in the evaporator are connected to the second side of the second filter assembly 25, the inlet of the first tube-fin evaporator 43 is connected to the chilled water inlet chamber 35 through a pipe, the outlet of the first tube-fin evaporator 43 is connected to the inlet of the second tube-fin evaporator 44 through a pipe, the outlet of the second tube-fin evaporator 44 is connected to the chilled water outlet chamber 36 through a pipe, the inlet of the first tube-fin condenser 41 is connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber 31 through a pipe, the outlet of the first tube-fin condenser 41 is connected to the first cooling water outlet chamber 32 through a pipe, the inlet of the second tube-fin condenser 42 is connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber 3 through a pipe, and the outlet of the second tube-fin condenser 42 is connected to the second cooling water outlet chamber 34 through a pipe.

[0025] When the external ambient temperature is too high, the amount of water vapor condensed by the heat exchange device will decrease, and the amount of liquid water that absorbs heat for evaporation heat exchange with the high external temperature chilled water will also decrease accordingly, resulting in a decrease in the amount of chilled water in the chiller; when the external ambient temperature is too low, the evaporation efficiency of the liquid water in the heat exchange device is low, and the amount of liquid water evaporated will also decrease accordingly, resulting in a decrease in the amount of chilled water cooled by the chiller. Figure 1On the basis of the first condensing cavity and the second condensing cavity, a first tube-fin condenser and a second tube-fin condenser are added, and a first tube-fin evaporator and a second tube-fin evaporator are added in the evaporating cavity, wherein the first tube-fin condenser, the second tube-fin condenser, the first tube-fin evaporator and the second tube-fin evaporator are all composed of coils and fins, one end of the coil in the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber, the other end of the coil in the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water outlet chamber, one end of the coil in the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber, and the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water outlet chamber. The other end of the coil in the condenser is connected to the second cooling water outlet chamber, one end of the coil in the first tube-fin evaporator and the second tube-fin evaporator is connected to the refrigerated water inlet chamber, and the other end of the coil in the first tube-fin evaporator and the second tube-fin evaporator is connected to the refrigerated water outlet chamber. In this way, when the ambient temperature is too high, the control detects that the ambient temperature is higher than the first set value, and the controller controls the water valve in the total water chamber so that the first tube-fin condenser and the second tube-fin condenser input cold cooling circulating water, and the tube-fin evaporator does not input refrigerated circulating water. The first tube-fin condenser and the second tube-fin condenser are connected to the first shell and tube. The high-pressure water vapor in the condensing heat exchanger and the second shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger is secondary condensed, and the water condensed into liquid in the first shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger and the second shell-and-tube condensing heat exchanger also flows from the shell-and-tube outlet to the fins of the first tube-and-fin condenser and the second tube-and-fin condenser, and together with the liquid water condensed on the first tube-and-fin condenser and the second tube-and-fin condenser, is filtered through the first filter component and the second filter component and penetrates into the evaporation cavity, exchanges heat with the shell-and-tube evaporation heat exchanger and evaporates, and the refrigerated circulating water in the shell-and-tube evaporation heat exchanger releases heat, the temperature is reduced, and the refrigerated circulating water with a low temperature is output; similarly, when the ambient temperature is too low When the control detects that the ambient temperature is lower than the second set value, the controller controls the water valve in the total water chamber so that the first tube-fin condenser and the second tube-fin condenser do not input cold cooling circulating water, and the tube-fin evaporator inputs refrigerated circulating water. The liquid water filtered and infiltrated from the first filter component and the second filter component first flows into the tube-fin evaporative heat exchanger for one evaporation. The evaporated liquid water is heated and then flows into the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger for secondary evaporation. The evaporation amount increases, the heat absorbed by the refrigerated circulating water increases, the amount of cooled refrigerated circulating water increases, and the chiller can output more refrigerated circulating water.

[0026] In order to achieve better condensation effects of the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, preferably, the first air inlet is located at an end of the first condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger; the second air inlet is located at an end of the second condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger.

[0027] The high-pressure water vapor output from the centrifugal compressor is output to the first condensation cavity and the second condensation cavity, and exchanges heat with the cooling circulating water that has just entered the first condensation cavity and the second condensation cavity. At this time, the temperature difference between the water vapor and the cooling circulating water is the largest, and the condensation effect is the best. If the first air inlet and the second air inlet are at the other end, the temperature of the cooling circulating water rises after being transported through the pipeline for a distance. At this time, the temperature difference is relatively small, and the condensation effect is not the best.

[0028] As for the specific form of the component, preferably, the filter component is a ceramic filter plate.

[0029] The ceramic filter plate fully ensures the penetration of liquid water and blocks the transmission of water vapor to the other side.

[0030] As for the specific form of the component, preferably, the filter component is a filter membrane containing a reinforced skeleton.

[0031] The filter membrane with a reinforced skeleton fully ensures the penetration of liquid water and blocks the transmission of water vapor to the other side.

[0032] The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0033] The above embodiments only express the preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant, characterized in that: The invention comprises a shell, a centrifugal compressor, a heat exchange device, a total water chamber and a controller, wherein the centrifugal compressor, the heat exchange device, the total water chamber and the controller are all located inside the shell, and the heat exchange device comprises a sealed shell, a first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, a second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger, a first filter component, a second filter component and a shell and tube evaporating heat exchanger, wherein the first filter component and the second filter component divide the sealed shell into a first condensing cavity, an evaporating cavity and a second condensing cavity, wherein the first filter component and the second filter component are arranged obliquely, the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are located in the first condensing cavity, the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are located in the second condensing cavity, and the shell and tube evaporating heat exchanger are located in the evaporating cavity, the first condensing cavity has a first air inlet, the second condensing cavity has a second air inlet, and the evaporating cavity has an air outlet, the first air inlet and the second air inlet are connected to the air outlet end of the centrifugal compressor through a pipeline, and the outlet The air port is connected to the air inlet end of the centrifugal compressor through a pipeline, the total water chamber includes a first cooling water inlet chamber, a first cooling water outlet chamber, a second cooling water inlet chamber, a second cooling water outlet chamber, a chilled water inlet chamber, and a chilled water outlet chamber, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are respectively connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber and the first cooling water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger are respectively connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber and the second cooling water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the inlet and outlet of the coil in the shell and tube evaporative heat exchanger are respectively connected to the chilled water inlet chamber and the chilled water outlet chamber through the sealed shell, the first cooling water inlet chamber, the first cooling water outlet chamber, the second cooling water inlet chamber, and the second cooling water outlet chamber are connected to the cooling water circulation circuit through a pipeline, and the chilled water inlet chamber and the chilled water outlet chamber are connected to the chilled water circulation circuit through a pipeline; The controller controls the centrifugal compressor to start, and the centrifugal compressor draws the water vapor in the evaporation chamber into the working chamber of the centrifugal compressor through the air outlet, and mechanically compresses the water vapor in the working chamber to form high-pressure water vapor, which is transported to the first condensation chamber and the second condensation chamber through the pipeline through the first air inlet and the second air inlet, and is condensed into liquid water by heat exchange with the cooling circulating water in the coils of the first shell and tube condensation heat exchanger and the second shell and tube condensation heat exchanger. The liquid water permeates from the first filter component and the second filter component and flows out into the evaporation chamber, and is evaporated into water vapor by heat exchange with the refrigeration circulating water in the coils of the shell and tube evaporation heat exchanger, and the cycle is repeated.

2. A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device further includes a first tube-fin condenser, a second tube-fin condenser, a first tube-fin evaporator, and a second tube-fin evaporator. The first tube-fin condenser is located in the first condensing cavity, the second tube-fin condenser is located in the second condensing cavity, the first tube-fin evaporator and the second tube-fin evaporator are located in the evaporating cavity, the fins in the first tube-fin condenser are connected to the first side of the first filter assembly, the fins in the first tube-fin evaporator are connected to the second side of the first filter assembly, the fins in the second tube-fin condenser are connected to the first side of the second filter assembly, the fins in the second tube-fin evaporator are connected to the second side of the second filter assembly, and the fins in the second tube-fin evaporator are connected to the first side of the second filter assembly. The second side of the second filter assembly is connected, the inlet of the first tube-fin evaporator is connected to the chilled water inlet chamber through a pipeline, the outlet of the first tube-fin evaporator is connected to the inlet of the second tube-fin evaporator through a pipeline, the outlet of the second tube-fin evaporator is connected to the chilled water outlet chamber through a pipeline, the inlet of the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water inlet chamber through a pipeline, the outlet of the first tube-fin condenser is connected to the first cooling water outlet chamber through a pipeline, the inlet of the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water inlet chamber through a pipeline, and the outlet of the second tube-fin condenser is connected to the second cooling water outlet chamber through a pipeline.

3. A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air inlet is located at one end of the first condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the first shell and tube condensing heat exchanger; the second air inlet is located at one end of the second condensing cavity close to the inlet end of the second shell and tube condensing heat exchanger.

4. A negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first filter component and the second filter component are ceramic filter plates.

5. The negative pressure centrifugal chiller using water as refrigerant according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first filter component and the second filter component are filter membranes containing a reinforced skeleton.

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