A method and system for improving energy saving of a building by detecting temperature difference between inside and outside of a wall

Abstract

The application provides a method and system for improving building energy saving by detecting temperature difference between inside and outside of a wall, and relates to the technical field of building energy saving; the application marks the building wall to be monitored by high partition, collects and generates infrared thermal images regularly, extracts key data by using image processing algorithm, and provides scientific basis for intelligent setting of energy saving alarm threshold; in addition, based on comprehensive analysis of historical infrared thermal images and wind data, the energy saving strategy can be dynamically adjusted to ensure timely response to environmental changes in actual operation; not only the energy saving efficiency of high-rise buildings is improved, but also data-driven intelligent monitoring and traditional energy saving technology are combined, so that the common problems in the prior art are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building energy conservation technology, specifically to a method and system for improving building energy conservation by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall. Background Technology

[0002] Energy-saving strategies for building heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems have gradually evolved into a systematic approach aimed at reducing energy consumption and improving building energy efficiency. Especially in the context of climate change and the energy crisis, improving the thermal performance of building envelope structures and optimizing heating and ventilation systems are considered crucial pathways to achieving sustainable buildings. Through in-depth research on the thermal performance of building envelopes such as walls, windows, and roofs, many scholars and engineers have proposed various energy-saving improvement measures, such as using high-efficiency insulation materials, intelligent ventilation control, and utilizing smart sensors to monitor indoor and outdoor environmental parameters in real time.

[0003] The existing technology, with publication number CN103196565B, entitled "A Method for Marking Building Indoor Energy-Saving Detection Points Based on Infrared Thermal Images," includes: a) capturing infrared thermal images; b) stitching infrared images; c) setting the detection subject; d) dividing into n temperature zones; e) generating isotherm maps; f) establishing histogram distribution; g) selecting the largest m temperature zones as detection point marking positions; h) selecting detection points based on the isotherm maps and the infrared thermal images of the detection subject. The building indoor energy-saving detection point marking method of this invention, applied to indoor building analysis and detection, can accurately select the location of building energy-saving detection points on interior walls. The operation method is flexible and simple, the identification effect is intuitive and discernible, the detection results can be stored, and multiple analyses can be performed. It can be used as a method for processing and analyzing interior walls during building energy-saving detection, and also as a direct basis for the placement of thermometers and heat flow meters.

[0004] In practical implementation, dynamic monitoring of the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the building walls and real-time adjustment of energy-saving strategies remain insufficient. Existing methods largely rely on regional temperature monitoring, lacking detailed analysis based on building height zones, resulting in an inability to fully understand the changes in thermal performance of high-rise buildings at different heights. Furthermore, existing technologies often overlook the impact of external factors such as wind on the heat load of building walls, causing energy-saving measures to fail to fully consider changes in actual environmental conditions during implementation. Many existing energy-saving warning systems lack effective historical data analysis mechanisms, resulting in a lack of scientific basis for setting energy-saving thresholds and difficulty in adapting to changes in actual use. Therefore, the shortcomings of existing technologies in dynamic response and intelligent adjustment limit their application effectiveness in large high-rise buildings.

[0005] The information disclosed in the background section above is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall includes the following steps:

[0009] Step S1: Divide and mark the wall of the building to be monitored into sections according to its height to form a height sequence set {1,2,...,i,...,n}, where i represents the i-th height section and n represents the total number of height sections. The larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is.

[0010] Step S2: Regularly monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each regular monitoring, monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data.

[0011] Step S3: Convert the infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of the building wall under different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window.

[0012] Step S4: Based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind data, set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods.

[0013] Step S5: Monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature, and average wind speed of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind speed of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, then provide an adjustment strategy for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone.

[0014] Step S6: Compare and analyze the inner surface temperature of the wall, outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow and temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the energy-saving warning threshold adjusted in step S5, and generate an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

[0015] Furthermore, the generation of the index is adjusted, specifically including:

[0016] Let Ai,r1 be the adjustment index of the i-th height partition in the current monitoring time period r1, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Where η1 is the adjustment coefficient, 0.01≤η1≤0.99, used to ensure that the value of Ai,r1 is within (0,1);

[0019] ΔT i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 CKT i,r1 、T′ th,i,r1 The range of values ​​has been standardized using the same scale and is limited to (0,1);

[0020] If A i,r1 A value in the range (0, 0.25) indicates that the wall insulation effect is good and the ventilation demand is low. It is recommended to maintain the current ventilation status, and the current ventilation window opening ratio is 0% to 10%.

[0021] If A i,r1 A value in the range [0.25, 0.75) indicates that the wall insulation effect is average and ventilation needs to be increased to maintain energy efficiency. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 10% to 50%.

[0022] If A i,r1 A value in the range (0.75, 1) indicates poor wall insulation, requiring further ventilation to avoid increased building energy consumption. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 50% to 100%.

[0023] A system for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, the system being used to perform the method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, comprising:

[0024] The partitioning and marking module is used to partition and mark the walls of the building to be monitored according to their height, forming a height sequence set {1,2,…,i,…,n}, where i represents the i-th height partition, n represents the total number of height partitions, and the larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is.

[0025] Historical data generation module: used to periodically monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each periodic monitoring, to monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data.

[0026] Extraction module: Used to convert infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of building walls in different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of ventilation windows.

[0027] Threshold setting module: used to set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods, based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind force data.

[0028] Adjustment strategy generation module: used to monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature and average wind force of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind force of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, an adjustment strategy is provided for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone.

[0029] Adjustment index generation module: This module compares and analyzes the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, the heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the corresponding energy-saving warning threshold, and generates an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

[0030] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by marking the height of the building walls to be monitored in different zones, collecting and generating infrared thermal images at regular intervals, and extracting key data using image processing algorithms, a scientific basis is provided for the intelligent setting of energy-saving warning thresholds; in addition, based on the comprehensive analysis of historical infrared thermal images and wind data, energy-saving strategies can be dynamically adjusted to ensure timely response to environmental changes in actual operation; this not only improves the energy efficiency of high-rise buildings, but also combines data-driven intelligent monitoring with traditional energy-saving technologies, thereby effectively solving the shortcomings that are common in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall method flow of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall system module flow of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] Please see Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0037] A method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: Divide and mark the wall of the building to be monitored into sections according to its height to form a height sequence set {1,2,...,i,...,n}, where i represents the i-th height section and n represents the total number of height sections. The larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is.

[0039] Step S2: Regularly monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each regular monitoring, monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data.

[0040] Step S3: Convert the infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of the building wall under different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window.

[0041] Step S4: Based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind data, set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods.

[0042] Step S5: Monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature, and average wind speed of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind speed of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, then provide an adjustment strategy for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone.

[0043] Step S6: Compare and analyze the inner surface temperature of the wall, outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow and temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the energy-saving warning threshold adjusted in step S5, and generate an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

[0044] To further explain, the set of height sequences {1,2,…,i,…,n} specifically includes:

[0045] 1.1) The monitoring area of ​​the building walls to be monitored is defined as the exterior and interior walls of the building;

[0046] For the building to be monitored, examine its structure and external environment to determine the wall areas that need to be monitored; the monitoring area should be the exterior and interior walls of the building, ensuring coverage of wall areas where heat loss or excessive heat accumulation occurs;

[0047] 1.2) Divide the wall into n height zones evenly according to the overall height of the building;

[0048] The specific steps are as follows:

[0049] Measure the total height H of the building and divide it into n equal-height zones, each zone having a height of H.

[0050] Depending on the building height, select 5 to 10 height zones to ensure the accuracy of monitoring;

[0051] 1.3) Mark each height partition to form a height sequence set {1,2,…,i,…,n};

[0052] The labeling method uses numerical labels, color codes, or other forms of visual identification so that they can be clearly identified during subsequent monitoring;

[0053] 1.4) Record the basic data for each zone, including the thermal conductivity of the wall material and external environmental conditions for each zone.

[0054] After completing the height partition marking, record the basic data for each partition, including:

[0055] The height of each zone (hi); the building wall materials and their thermal conductivity for each zone; external environmental conditions including temperature and wind data.

[0056] To further explain, historical infrared thermal image data, historical wind data, and data from different monitoring periods specifically include:

[0057] The pattern of ambient temperature variation around the building walls throughout the day is obtained, and the daily temperature range is determined as [T1, T2], where T1 and T2 are the lowest and highest temperatures of the day, respectively.

[0058] The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the early time period;

[0059] The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the intermediate time period;

[0060] The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the evening time period;

[0061] The monitoring periods are defined as the morning, afternoon, and evening periods of each day; and the morning, afternoon, and evening periods are represented by r∈{1,2,3}, where 1, 2, and 3 represent the morning, afternoon, and evening periods, respectively.

[0062] Several timed monitoring sessions were conducted during the daily monitoring period; the infrared thermal imager was set to update data every 5 seconds; the infrared thermal image data from the timed monitoring was stored; and wind data was collected using a wind sensor during each timed monitoring session.

[0063] During the monitoring period, an infrared thermal imager was used to perform a comprehensive scan of the building walls. The specific operation was as follows:

[0064] At least five monitoring points are evenly distributed on each height section of the building wall, with priority given to wall areas with heat loss or excessive heat accumulation; and infrared thermal images are collected for these monitoring points.

[0065] Monitor the temperature distribution of ventilation windows in each height zone to ensure the comprehensiveness of horizontal and vertical temperature data for the windows; after scanning each height zone, export the infrared thermal image data.

[0066] The monitored infrared thermal image data is processed by the built-in software to generate a clear infrared thermal image; this thermal image clearly shows the temperature differences in each height zone and the temperature distribution of the ventilation windows, providing visual data for subsequent analysis;

[0067] Using the OpenCV library in MATLAB or Python, the generated infrared thermal image data is imported and processed to ultimately generate key data for building walls at different height zones; the specific steps are as follows:

[0068] Read pixel data from infrared thermal image data and convert it into temperature values;

[0069] Temperature data from different altitude zones were extracted into a two-dimensional array for subsequent analysis.

[0070] Temperature data is analyzed using image processing algorithms to extract key data, including:

[0071] Inner wall surface temperature: Temperature values ​​are extracted from a two-dimensional array by setting the pixel positions of the inner wall surface;

[0072] External surface temperature of the wall: The temperature value is extracted from a two-dimensional array by setting the pixel position of the external wall surface;

[0073] Heat flow: The heat flow is calculated based on the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces using the heat conduction formula;

[0074] Ventilation window temperature: Temperature data of the ventilation window area is extracted from infrared thermal image data.

[0075] The average values ​​of the inner and outer surface temperatures of the wall, heat flow, and ventilation window temperature for the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r are denoted as T. inside,i,r T outside,i,r Q wall,i,r CKT i,r ;

[0076] Q wall,i,r The following formula is used to express this:

[0077]

[0078] Where, k i Let A be the thermal conductivity of the building wall material in the i-th height zone. i Let T be the wall surface area of ​​the i-th height zone. inside,i,r and T outside,i,r Let d represent the inner surface temperature and outer surface temperature of the wall in the i-th height zone, respectively. i Let be the wall thickness of the i-th height zone;

[0079] CKT i,r Specifically, CKT represents the average temperature of all ventilation windows in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r. i,r The calculation formula is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Among them, kT i,j,r U represents the temperature value of the j-th ventilation window in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r.i This represents the total number of ventilation windows in the i-th height zone.

[0082] To further explain, the setting of energy-saving warning thresholds and standard thresholds specifically includes:

[0083] 4.1) Collect historical monitoring data and extract the T values ​​of the i-th height partition during the monitoring time period r. inside,i,r T outside,i,r Q wall,i,r CKT i,r i∈{1,2,…,n};

[0084] Extract the historical average wind value W of the i-th height zone during the monitoring period r from historical wind data. i,r ;

[0085] 4.2) Determine the energy-saving warning threshold and calculate the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the wall in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r;

[0086] ΔT i,r =T inside,i,r -T outside,i,r

[0087] Where, ΔT i,r Let be the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r;

[0088] Based on historical infrared thermal image data, the energy-saving warning threshold T for the i-th altitude zone during the monitoring time period r is calculated. th,i,r The calculation formula is as follows:

[0089]

[0090] Where, ΔT i+1,r ΔT i-1,r These represent the temperature differences between the inner and outer surfaces of the i+1 and i-1 height zones that are adjacent to the i-th height zone above and below it, respectively; i+1 and i-1 both belong to {1,2,…,n}; in this embodiment... If ΔT i,r >T th,i,r This indicates that there is a heat loss problem in that height zone;

[0091] 4.3) Based on historical wind data, calculate the standard threshold for the average wind force received by the i-th altitude zone during the monitoring time period r. Among them, W i-1,r W i+1,r Let represent the historical average wind speed values ​​of the i+1 and i-1 height zones that are adjacent to the i-th height zone above and below, respectively, where i+1 and i-1 both belong to {1,2,…,n}. The values ​​are derived from wind speed analysis of the building environment. The higher the building, the greater the wind force on the walls, and therefore the wind force standard threshold will be increased accordingly.

[0092] To further clarify, if the average wind force received by the i-th altitude zone during the current monitoring period r1 is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, r1∈{1,2,3}, then an adjustment strategy is provided for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th altitude zone, specifically including:

[0093] If W i,r1 >W th,i,r1 Then, for the i-th height partition, the energy-saving warning threshold T during the current monitoring time period r1 is... th,i,r1 The following adjustments will be made;

[0094]

[0095] If W i,r1 ≤W th,i,r1 Therefore, there is no need to set the energy-saving warning threshold T for the i-th height partition during the current monitoring time period r1. th,i,r1 Make adjustments;

[0096] T′ th,i,r1 =T th,i,r1

[0097] Among them, T′ th,i,r1 This is the adjusted energy-saving warning threshold.

[0098] To further explain, the generation of the adjustment index specifically includes:

[0099] Define the adjustment index of the i-th height partition in the current monitoring time period r1 as A. i,r1 The calculation formula is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] Where η1 is the adjustment coefficient, 0.01≤η1≤0.99, used to ensure A i,r1 The value range is within (0,1);

[0102] ΔT i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 CKT i,r1 、T′ th,i,r1 The values ​​are all standardized using the same scale and are limited to (0,1); in this embodiment, η1 is 0.5; η1 is determined by the expert group based on experimental data.

[0103] If A i,r1A value in the range (0, 0.25) indicates that the wall insulation effect is good and the ventilation demand is low. It is recommended to maintain the current ventilation status, and the current ventilation window opening ratio is 0% to 10%.

[0104] Set ΔT respectively i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 and CKT i,r1 The comparison threshold; the comparison threshold was determined by the expert group based on experimental data;

[0105] If ΔT i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 and CKT i,r1 For any value change exceeding 5% of the corresponding comparison threshold, A will be affected. i,r Accordingly, the ventilation window opening ratio will be adjusted by 2%, with an upper limit of 10%. However, if it remains unchanged, the current ventilation status will be maintained.

[0106] If A i,r1 A value in the range [0.25, 0.75) indicates that the wall insulation effect is average and ventilation needs to be increased to maintain energy efficiency. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 10% to 50%.

[0107] If ΔT i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 and CKT i,r1 Any change in any of the values ​​is 8% of the corresponding comparison threshold. For every 8% change, the ventilation window opening ratio must be increased to 6%. The upper limit for adjusting the opening ratio is 50%.

[0108] If A i,r1 A value in the range (0.75, 1) indicates poor wall insulation, requiring further ventilation to avoid increased energy consumption. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 50% to 100%.

[0109] If ΔT i,r1 Q wall,i,r1 and CKT i,r1 Any change in any of the values ​​is 13% of the corresponding comparison threshold. For every 13% change, the opening ratio of the ventilation window must be increased to 12%. The upper limit for adjusting the opening ratio is 100%.

[0110] Example 2:

[0111] Please see Figure 2 A system for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, the system being used to perform the method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, comprising:

[0112] The partitioning and marking module is used to partition and mark the walls of the building to be monitored according to their height, forming a height sequence set {1,2,…,i,…,n}, where i represents the i-th height partition, n represents the total number of height partitions, and the larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is.

[0113] Historical data generation module: used to periodically monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each periodic monitoring, to monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data.

[0114] Extraction module: Used to convert infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of building walls in different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of ventilation windows.

[0115] Threshold setting module: used to set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods, based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind force data.

[0116] Adjustment strategy generation module: used to monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature and average wind force of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind force of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, an adjustment strategy is provided for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone.

[0117] Adjustment index generation module: This module compares and analyzes the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, the heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the corresponding energy-saving warning threshold, and generates an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

[0118] The above formulas are all dimensionless calculations. The formulas are derived from software simulations based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters in the formulas are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0119] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0120] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment, depending on actual needs.

[0121] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, characterized in that, The specific steps include: Step S1: Divide and mark the wall of the building to be monitored into sections according to its height to form a height sequence set {1,2,...,i,...,n}, where i represents the i-th height section and n represents the total number of height sections. The larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is. Step S2: Regularly monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each regular monitoring, monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data. Step S3: Convert the infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of the building wall under different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window. Step S4: Based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind data, set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods. Step S5: Monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature, and average wind speed of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind speed of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, then provide an adjustment strategy for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone. Step S6: Compare and analyze the inner surface temperature of the wall, outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow and temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the energy-saving warning threshold adjusted in step S5, and generate an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

2. The method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: 1.1) The monitoring area of ​​the building walls to be monitored is defined as the exterior and interior walls of the building; 1.2) Divide the wall into n height zones evenly according to the overall height of the building; 1.3) Mark each height partition to form a height sequence set {1,2,…,i,…,n}; 1.4) Record the basic data for each zone, including the thermal conductivity of the wall material and external environmental conditions for each zone.

3. The method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: Historical infrared thermal image data, historical wind data, and data from different monitoring periods, specifically including: The pattern of ambient temperature variation around the building walls throughout the day is obtained, and the daily temperature range is determined as [T1, T2], where T1 and T2 are the lowest and highest temperatures of the day, respectively. The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the early time period; The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the intermediate time period; The ambient temperature is within the range The corresponding time period is designated as the evening time period; The monitoring periods are defined as the morning, afternoon, and evening periods of each day; and the morning, afternoon, and evening periods are represented by r∈{1,2,3}, where 1, 2, and 3 represent the morning, afternoon, and evening periods, respectively. Several timed monitoring sessions are conducted each day, and the infrared thermal image data from these timed monitoring sessions are stored. The average values ​​of the inner and outer surface temperatures of the wall, heat flow, and ventilation window temperature for the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r are recorded as follows: ; Expressed using the following formula: ； in, Let be the thermal conductivity of the wall material in the i-th height zone. Let be the wall surface area of ​​the i-th height zone. and These are the inner surface temperature and outer surface temperature of the wall in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r, respectively. Let be the wall thickness of the i-th height zone; Specifically, it represents the average temperature of all ventilation windows in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r. The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, This represents the temperature value of the j-th ventilation window in the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r. This represents the total number of ventilation windows in the i-th height zone; Using the OpenCV library in MATLAB or Python, the generated infrared thermal image data is imported and processed to ultimately generate key data of the building walls at different height zones.

4. The method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that: The setting of energy-saving warning thresholds and standard thresholds specifically includes: Collect historical monitoring data and extract the height of the i-th height partition during the monitoring time period r. i∈{1,2,…,n}; Extract the historical average wind speed value of the i-th height zone during the monitoring period r from historical wind data. ; Determine the energy-saving warning threshold and calculate the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the wall in the i-th height zone during the monitoring period r; ； in, Let be the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the i-th height zone during the monitoring time period r; Based on historical infrared thermal image data, the energy-saving warning threshold for the i-th altitude zone during the monitoring time period r is calculated as follows: The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, Let i+1 and i-1 be the inner and outer surface temperature differences of the i+1 and i-1 height partitions that are adjacent to the i-th height partition above and below, respectively; i+1 and i-1 both belong to {1,2,…,n}. Based on historical wind data, the standard threshold for the average wind force received by the i-th altitude zone during the monitoring time period r is calculated as follows: ;in, Let i+1 and i-1 represent the historical average wind speed values ​​of the i-th height zone, which are adjacent to the i-th height zone above and below, respectively. Both i+1 and i-1 belong to {1,2,…,n}.

5. A method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in claim 4, characterized in that: If the average wind force received by the i-th altitude zone during the current monitoring period r1 is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, r1∈{1,2,3}, then an adjustment strategy is provided for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th altitude zone, specifically including: like Then, for the i-th height partition, the energy-saving warning threshold during the current monitoring time period r1 is... The following adjustments will be made; ； like Therefore, there is no need to set the energy-saving warning threshold for the i-th height partition during the current monitoring time period r1. Make adjustments; ； in, This is the adjusted energy-saving warning threshold.

6. A method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that: Adjusting the generation of the index specifically includes: Define the adjustment index of the i-th height partition in the current monitoring time period r1 as: The calculation formula is as follows: ； in, For adjustment coefficients, , used to ensure The value range is within (0,1); The range of values ​​has been standardized using the same scale and is limited to (0,1). like A value in the range (0, 0.25) indicates good wall insulation and low ventilation requirements. It is recommended to maintain the current ventilation status, with the current ventilation window opening rate between 0% and 10%. like A value in the range [0.25, 0.75) indicates that the wall insulation effect is average, and ventilation needs to be increased to maintain energy efficiency. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 10% to 50%. like A value in the range (0.75, 1) indicates poor wall insulation, requiring further ventilation to avoid increased building energy consumption. The current ventilation window opening ratio is 50% to 100%.

7. A system for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, characterized in that: The system is used to perform the method for improving building energy efficiency by detecting the temperature difference between the inside and outside of a wall, as described in any one of claims 1-6, including: The partitioning and marking module is used to partition and mark the walls of the building to be monitored according to their height, forming a height sequence set {1,2,…,i,…,n}, where i represents the i-th height partition, n represents the total number of height partitions, and the larger the value of i, the higher the building wall is. Historical data generation module: used to periodically monitor the temperature difference between the inner and outer surfaces of the building walls at different height zones, as well as the temperature distribution of ventilation windows, and generate corresponding infrared thermal images to form historical infrared thermal image data; and in each periodic monitoring, to monitor the average wind force value data of each height zone at different monitoring time periods to form historical wind force data. Extraction module: Used to convert infrared thermal image data into digital temperature data, and use image processing algorithms to extract key data of building walls in different height zones. Key data include the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, heat flow, and the temperature of ventilation windows. Threshold setting module: used to set the energy-saving warning threshold for each height zone during different monitoring periods, and the standard threshold for the average wind force value received by the outer surface of each height zone during different monitoring periods, based on historical infrared thermal image data and historical wind force data. Adjustment strategy generation module: used to monitor the inner surface temperature, outer surface temperature, heat flow, ventilation window temperature and average wind force of the i-th height zone of the building wall during the current monitoring period; if the average wind force of the i-th height zone is greater than the corresponding standard threshold, an adjustment strategy is provided for the energy-saving warning threshold of the current i-th height zone. Adjustment index generation module: This module compares and analyzes the inner surface temperature of the wall, the outer surface temperature of the wall, the heat flow, and the temperature of the ventilation window of the i-th height zone during the current monitoring period with the corresponding energy-saving warning threshold, and generates an adjustment index for adjusting the ventilation demand of the i-th height zone.

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