Quantum bit simulation data acquisition method and device and quantum computer

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantum bit simulation data acquisition method and device, and a quantum computer. A simulation model is established, and the simulation model is used for simulating a state evolution process after a to-be-measured sub-bit receives a quantum state control signal. Configuring model input parameters of the simulation model, wherein the model input parameters comprise the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal and the non-resonance of the sub-bit to be measured; and based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, obtaining simulation data reflecting the state of the to-be-measured sub-bit. According to the scheme, the machine hour of a quantum computer does not need to be occupied, the efficiency is far higher than that of an actually-measured data obtaining mode, the difference between the data obtained through the simulation model and the actually-measured data is that interference of various external factors is avoided, the accuracy of the data obtained through the scheme is far higher than that of the actually-measured data, and the accuracy of the data is greatly improved. A verification algorithm or a neural network model can improve the accuracy of a result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to a method and device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, and a quantum computer. Background Art

[0002] Quantum computing and quantum information are interdisciplinary subjects that use the principles of quantum mechanics to achieve computing and information processing tasks. They are closely related to quantum physics, computer science, informatics and other disciplines. They have developed rapidly in the past two decades. Quantum algorithms based on quantum computers in scenarios such as factorization and unstructured search have shown performance far beyond that of existing algorithms based on classical computers, and this direction has been expected to exceed existing computing capabilities. Since quantum computing has the potential to far exceed the performance of classical computers in solving specific problems, in order to realize quantum computers, it is necessary to obtain a quantum chip that contains a sufficient number and quality of quantum bits, and can perform quantum logic gate operations and read quantum bits with extremely high fidelity. Quantum chips are to quantum computers what CPUs are to traditional computers. Quantum chips are the core components of quantum computers, and quantum chips are processors that perform quantum computing. Before each quantum chip is officially put into use, it is necessary to test and characterize the various parameters of the quantum bits in the quantum chip.

[0003] In order to solve certain specific quantum computing-related problems, it is necessary to use classical algorithms or neural network models. It is understandable that in order to verify whether these algorithms or neural network models meet the requirements, researchers need to use a large amount of data to substitute into the algorithms or neural network models for judgment. In the existing technology, a large amount of measured data is often required to support the verification of algorithms or neural network models. These measured data need to be run in actual quantum computers and take up a lot of machine time of quantum computers.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method that can improve the efficiency of data acquisition.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background technology section of this application is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of this application, and should not be regarded as an admission or suggestion in any form that the information constitutes prior art already known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and device for obtaining quantum bit simulation data, and a quantum computer, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that in order to verify whether these algorithms or neural network models meet the requirements, a large amount of measured data is needed to support the verification of algorithms or neural network models. These measured data need to be run and obtained in an actual quantum computer, which occupies a large amount of machine time of the quantum computer.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data, comprising:

[0008] Establishing a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate a state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal;

[0009] Configuring model input parameters of the simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured;

[0010] Based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured is acquired.

[0011] Optionally, establishing a simulation model includes:

[0012] The simulation model is established based on the first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal.

[0013] Optionally, establishing the simulation model based on the first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal includes:

[0014] Constructing a first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and a second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal;

[0015] The first Hamiltonian and the second Hamiltonian are used to obtain a density matrix of the sub-bit to be measured to establish the simulation model.

[0016] Optionally, the first Hamiltonian includes a bit Hamiltonian and a coupling Hamiltonian, wherein the bit Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured, the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, and the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit; the coupling Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of a first coupling relationship and the Hamiltonian of a second coupling relationship; the first coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the first quantum bit; the second coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the second quantum bit; the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit are two quantum bits in the quantum chip that have a direct coupling relationship with the subbit to be measured.

[0017] Optionally, the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured is obtained by the following formula:

[0018]

[0019] Wherein, H0 is the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured, ω0 is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, α0 is the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0020] Optionally, the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit is obtained by the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] Wherein, H1 is the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, ω1 is the frequency of the first quantum bit, α1 is the anharmonicity of the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0023] Optionally, the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit is obtained by the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Wherein, H2 is the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit, ω2 is the frequency of the second quantum bit, α2 is the anharmonicity of the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0026] Optionally, the Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, H 01 is the Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship, g 01 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0029] Optionally, the Hamiltonian of the second coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, H 02 is the Hamiltonian of the second coupling relation, g 02 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0032] Optionally, the first Hamiltonian is the sum of the bit Hamiltonian and the coupling Hamiltonian.

[0033] Optionally, the second Hamiltonian is obtained by the following formula:

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] Among them, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator, ω d is the frequency of the quantum state control signal, t is the time, Φ is the phase of the quantum state control signal, C d is the capacitance of the quantum state control line, C ∑ is the sum of the capacitance of the subbit to be measured and the capacitance of the quantum state control line, V0 is the voltage of the quantum state control signal, Q zpf is the zero-point fluctuation of the charge operator, is Planck's constant and i is an imaginary number.

[0037] Optionally, the density matrix is:

[0038]

[0039] in, H q is the first Hamiltonian, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the time derivative of the density matrix, ρ is the density matrix, n γ is the number of thermal photons in the quantum state control line, is the Dissipator operator, γ is the relaxation rate, is the pure decoherence rate, l is the inductance per unit length of the quantum state control line, c is the capacitance per unit length of the quantum state control line, C bus-q is the capacitance from the quantum state control line to the subbit to be measured, C q is the capacitance of the sub-bit to be measured, ω d is the frequency of the quantum state control signal, ω q is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured.

[0040] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, comprising:

[0041] A simulation model building unit, used to build a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate the state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal;

[0042] A model input parameter configuration unit, used to configure the model input parameters of the simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured;

[0043] A simulation data acquisition unit is used to acquire simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model.

[0044] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a quantum control system, which utilizes the method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data described in any one of the above-mentioned characteristic descriptions, or includes a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data described in the above-mentioned characteristic descriptions.

[0045] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a quantum computer, including the quantum control system described in the above feature description.

[0046] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0048] The method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data proposed in the present invention establishes a simulation model, and the simulation model is used to simulate the state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal. Then, the model input parameters of the simulation model are configured, and the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured. Based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured is acquired. The scheme of the present application does not need to occupy the machine time of a quantum computer, and its efficiency is much higher than the method of acquiring measured data. In addition, since the simulation model is used to acquire data in the scheme of the present application, it is different from the measured data in that it will not be interfered by various external factors. The accuracy of the data obtained using the scheme of the present application is much higher than that of the measured data, and it can be used to verify the algorithm or neural network model to improve the accuracy of the results.

[0049] The device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, quantum control system, quantum computer and readable storage medium proposed in the present invention belong to the same inventive concept as the method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, and therefore have the same beneficial effects, which will not be elaborated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a process for obtaining quantum bit simulation data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data proposed in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in exact proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0054] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0055] The quantum chip is to the quantum computer what the CPU is to the traditional computer. The quantum chip is the core component of the quantum computer. The quantum chip is the processor that performs quantum computing. The quantum chip integrates multiple one-to-one and mutually coupled quantum bits and reading cavities. Each quantum chip needs to be tested and characterized before it is officially put into use. The quantum computer also includes a measurement and control system that provides a measurement and control environment for the quantum chip. The measurement and control system mainly includes hardware equipment located in the room temperature layer and low-temperature devices and signal transmission lines located in the dilution refrigerator. After the quantum chip is packaged, it is fixed in the extremely low temperature layer of the bottom layer of the dilution refrigerator, and is finally connected to the hardware equipment at room temperature through the coaxial line between the layers. In this measurement and control system, when regulating the quantum state of the quantum bit, two types of lines are mainly used. One is the first type of transmission line (also known as the quantum state control line) used to drive the quantum state of the quantum bit, and the other is the second type of transmission line (also known as the frequency control line) used to regulate the frequency of the quantum bit. Among them, the signal transmitted on the quantum state control line is called the quantum state control signal, and the signal transmitted on the frequency control line is called the frequency control signal.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data, comprising:

[0057] S100: Establishing a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate a state evolution process of a subbit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal;

[0058] S200: configuring model input parameters of a simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured;

[0059] S300: Based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, obtain simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured.

[0060] The difference from the prior art is that the method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data proposed in this embodiment establishes a simulation model, and the simulation model is used to simulate the state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal. Then, the model input parameters of the simulation model are configured, and the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured. Based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured is obtained. The scheme of the present application does not need to occupy the machine time of a quantum computer, and its efficiency is much higher than the method of obtaining measured data. In addition, since the simulation model is used to obtain data in the scheme of the present application, it is different from the measured data in that it will not be interfered by various external factors. The accuracy of the data obtained using the scheme of the present application is much higher than the measured data, and it can be used to verify the algorithm or neural network model to improve the accuracy of the results.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present invention, the purpose of establishing the simulation model is to simulate the state evolution process of the quantum bit to be measured after receiving the quantum state control signal. The applicant considers constructing the total Hamiltonian of the quantum bit to be measured and the quantum state control signal. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the density matrix can reflect the current precise state of the quantum bit, and the Hamiltonian can make the density matrix change over time. Therefore, the combination of the two can perfectly reproduce the evolution process of the quantum bit state with the quantum state control signal. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in this embodiment, the simulation model can be regarded as a function containing the Hamiltonian and the density matrix. Through this model, the evolution process of the quantum bit state with the quantum state control signal can be accurately reflected. Specifically, the establishment of the simulation model includes:

[0062] The simulation model is established based on the first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the establishing of the simulation model based on the first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal includes:

[0064] Constructing a first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and a second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal;

[0065] The first Hamiltonian and the second Hamiltonian are used to obtain a density matrix of the sub-bit to be measured to establish the simulation model.

[0066] Specifically, the first Hamiltonian includes a bit Hamiltonian and a coupling Hamiltonian, wherein the bit Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured, the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, and the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit; the coupling Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of a first coupling relationship and the Hamiltonian of a second coupling relationship; the first coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the first quantum bit; the second coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the second quantum bit; the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit are two quantum bits in the quantum chip that have a direct coupling relationship with the subbit to be measured.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first Hamiltonian constructed includes the bit Hamiltonian and the coupling Hamiltonian. We mainly consider the two quantum bits in the quantum chip that have a direct coupling relationship with the quantum bit to be measured. In quantum chips of other structures, there may be only one quantum bit that has a direct coupling relationship with the quantum bit to be measured, or there may be more quantum bits. The corresponding bit Hamiltonian and coupling Hamiltonian can also be added according to the actual situation, which will not be elaborated here.

[0068] In this embodiment, we first construct the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured, and the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured is obtained by the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Wherein, H0 is the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured, ω0 is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, α0 is the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0071] Then, a first qubit and a second qubit that are directly coupled to the qubit to be measured are constructed, the Hamiltonian form of the first qubit and the second qubit is the same, and the Hamiltonian of the first qubit is obtained by the following formula:

[0072]

[0073] Wherein, H1 is the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, ω1 is the frequency of the first quantum bit, α1 is the anharmonicity of the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0074] Specifically, the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit is obtained by the following formula:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, H2 is the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit, ω2 is the frequency of the second quantum bit, α2 is the anharmonicity of the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0077] In addition to the Hamiltonian of the quantum bit, it is also necessary to construct the Hamiltonian of the coupling relationship. The Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula:

[0078]

[0079] Among them, H 01 is the Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship, g 01 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0080] Specifically, the Hamiltonian of the second coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula:

[0081]

[0082] Among them, H 02 is the Hamiltonian of the second coupling relation, g 02 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first Hamiltonian H q is the sum of the bit Hamiltonian and the coupling Hamiltonian, that is, H q =H0+H1+H2+H 01 +H 02 .

[0084] We also need to establish the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal, which is obtained by the following formula:

[0085]

[0086]

[0087] Among them, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator, ω dis the frequency of the quantum state control signal, t is the time, Φ is the phase of the quantum state control signal, C d is the capacitance of the quantum state control line, C ∑ is the sum of the capacitance of the subbit to be measured and the capacitance of the quantum state control line, V0 is the voltage of the quantum state control signal, Q zpf is the zero-point fluctuation of the charge operator, is Planck's constant and i is an imaginary number.

[0088] Specifically, in this embodiment, the density matrix is:

[0089]

[0090] in, H q is the first Hamiltonian, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the time derivative of the density matrix, ρ is the density matrix, is the number of thermal photons in the quantum state control line, is the Dissipator operator, γ is the relaxation rate, is the pure decoherence rate, l is the inductance per unit length of the quantum state control line, c is the capacitance per unit length of the quantum state control line, C bus-q is the capacitance from the quantum state control line to the subbit to be measured, C q is the capacitance of the sub-bit to be measured, ω d is the frequency of the quantum state control signal, ω q is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured.

[0091] It can be understood by those skilled in the art that in this embodiment is the Dissipator operator, where:

[0092]

[0093]

[0094]

[0095] The black dots in the calculation equations of the above three Dissipator operators represent the terms that need to be multiplied later. Obviously, in this embodiment, the black dots represent the density matrix ρ. It means that the two elements in the brackets are commuted.

[0096] In addition, in this embodiment, γ is the relaxation rate, is the pure decoherence rate, where the relaxation rate is equal to the inverse of the relaxation time T1. The pure decoherence rate is obtained using the decoherence time T2 and the relaxation rate. Specifically, it is obtained by the following formula:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] Based on the same invention concept, please refer to Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, comprising:

[0100] A simulation model building unit 100 is used to build a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate the state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal;

[0101] A model input parameter configuration unit 200, configured to configure model input parameters of a simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured;

[0102] The simulation data acquisition unit 300 is used to acquire simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model.

[0103] It can be understood that the simulation model building unit 100, the model input parameter configuration unit 200 and the simulation data acquisition unit 300 can be combined in one device, or any one of the modules can be split into multiple sub-modules, or at least part of the functions of one or more modules in the simulation model building unit 100, the model input parameter configuration unit 200 and the simulation data acquisition unit 300 can be combined with at least part of the functions of other modules and implemented in one functional module. According to an embodiment of the present invention, at least one of the simulation model building unit 100, the model input parameter configuration unit 200 and the simulation data acquisition unit 300 can be at least partially implemented as a hardware circuit, such as a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic array (PLA), a system on a chip, a system on a substrate, a system on a package, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or can be implemented in hardware or firmware in any other reasonable way of integrating or packaging the circuit, or in a suitable combination of software, hardware and firmware. Alternatively, at least one of the simulation model building unit 100, the model input parameter configuration unit 200 and the simulation data acquisition unit 300 may be at least partially implemented as a computer program module, and when the program is executed by a computer, the function of the corresponding module may be executed.

[0104] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention also proposes a quantum control system, which utilizes the method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data described in any one of the above-mentioned characteristic descriptions, or includes a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data described in the above-mentioned characteristic descriptions.

[0105] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further proposes a quantum computer, including the quantum control system described in the above feature description.

[0106] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present invention further proposes a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data described in any one of the above-mentioned feature descriptions.

[0107] The readable storage medium can be a tangible device that can keep and store the instructions used by the instruction execution device, such as but not limited to an electrical storage device, a magnetic storage device, an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, a semiconductor storage device or any suitable combination of the above. The more specific example (non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium includes: a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD), a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanical encoding device, such as a punch card or a convex structure in a groove on which instructions are stored, and any suitable combination of the above. The computer program described here can be downloaded from the readable storage medium to each computing / processing device, or downloaded to an external computer or external storage device through a network, such as the Internet, a local area network, a wide area network and / or a wireless network. The network can include copper transmission cables, optical fiber transmission, wireless transmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and / or edge servers. The network adapter card or network interface in each computing / processing device receives the computer program from the network and forwards the computer program for storage in a readable storage medium in each computing / processing device. The computer program for performing the operation of the present invention may be an assembly instruction, an instruction set architecture (ISA) instruction, a machine instruction, a machine-dependent instruction, a microcode, a firmware instruction, a state setting data, or a source code or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Smalltalk, C++, etc., and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as "C" language or similar programming languages. The computer program may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as an independent software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (e.g., using an Internet service provider to connect through the Internet). In some embodiments, by utilizing the state information of a computer program to personalize an electronic circuit, such as a programmable logic circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or a programmable logic array (PLA), the electronic circuit can execute computer-readable program instructions to implement various aspects of the present invention.

[0108] Here, various aspects of the present invention are described with reference to the flowchart and / or block diagram of the method, system and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that each square frame of the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of the square frames in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be realized by a computer program. These computer programs can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device, so as to produce a machine, so that these programs, when executed by the processor of a computer or other programmable data processing device, produce a device for realizing the function / action specified in one or more square frames in the flowchart and / or block diagram. These computer programs can also be stored in a readable storage medium, and these computer programs make the computer, programmable data processing device and / or other equipment work in a specific way, so that the readable storage medium storing the computer program includes a manufactured product, which includes instructions for realizing various aspects of the function / action specified in one or more square frames in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0109] The computer program may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby causing the computer program executed on the computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other device to implement the functions / actions specified in one or more boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram.

[0110] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example" or "specific example" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0111] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any technician in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, characterized in that: include: Establishing a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate a state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal; Configuring model input parameters of the simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured; Based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model, simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured is acquired.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The simulation model is established, comprising: The simulation model is established based on the first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The establishing of the simulation model based on the first Hamiltonian of the quantum bit to be measured and the second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal comprises: Constructing a first Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured and a second Hamiltonian of the quantum state control signal; The first Hamiltonian and the second Hamiltonian are used to obtain a density matrix of the sub-bit to be measured to establish the simulation model.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The first Hamiltonian includes a bit Hamiltonian and a coupling Hamiltonian, wherein the bit Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured, the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, and the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit; the coupling Hamiltonian includes the Hamiltonian of a first coupling relationship and the Hamiltonian of a second coupling relationship; the first coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the first quantum bit; the second coupling relationship is the coupling relationship between the subbit to be measured and the second quantum bit; the first quantum bit and the second quantum bit are two quantum bits in the quantum chip that have a direct coupling relationship with the subbit to be measured.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The Hamiltonian of the subbit to be measured is obtained by the following formula: Wherein, H0 is the Hamiltonian of the sub-bit to be measured, ω0 is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, α0 is the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit is obtained by the following formula: Wherein, H1 is the Hamiltonian of the first quantum bit, ω1 is the frequency of the first quantum bit, α1 is the anharmonicity of the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

7. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit is obtained by the following formula: Wherein, H2 is the Hamiltonian of the second quantum bit, ω2 is the frequency of the second quantum bit, α2 is the anharmonicity of the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

8. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula: Among them, H 01 is the Hamiltonian of the first coupling relationship, g 01 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the first quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The Hamiltonian of the second coupling relationship is obtained by the following formula: Among them, H 02 is the Hamiltonian of the second coupling relation, g 02 is the coupling strength between the quantum bit to be measured and the second quantum bit, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator.

10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The first Hamiltonian is the sum of the bit Hamiltonian and the coupling Hamiltonian.

11. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The second Hamiltonian is obtained by the following formula: Among them, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the annihilation operator, To generate the operator, ω d is the frequency of the quantum state control signal, t is the time, Φ is the phase of the quantum state control signal, C d is the capacitance of the quantum state control line, C ∑ is the sum of the capacitance of the subbit to be measured and the capacitance of the quantum state control line, V0 is the voltage of the quantum state control signal, Q zpf is the zero-point fluctuation of the charge operator, is Planck's constant and i is an imaginary number.

12. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The density matrix is: in, H q is the first Hamiltonian, H d is the second Hamiltonian, is the time derivative of the density matrix, ρ is the density matrix, is the number of thermal photons in the quantum state control line, is the Dissipator operator, γ is the relaxation rate, is the pure decoherence rate, l is the inductance per unit length of the quantum state control line, c is the capacitance per unit length of the quantum state control line, C bus-q is the capacitance from the quantum state control line to the subbit to be measured, C q is the capacitance of the sub-bit to be measured, ω d is the frequency of the quantum state control signal, ω q is the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured.

13. A device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data, characterized in that: include: A simulation model building unit, used to build a simulation model, wherein the simulation model is used to simulate the state evolution process of a sub-bit to be measured after receiving a quantum state control signal; A model input parameter configuration unit, used to configure the model input parameters of the simulation model, wherein the model input parameters include the frequency of the sub-bit to be measured, the frequency of the quantum state control signal, and the anharmonicity of the sub-bit to be measured; A simulation data acquisition unit is used to acquire simulation data reflecting the state of the sub-bit to be measured based on the configured model input parameters and the simulation model.

14. A quantum control system, characterized in that: A method for acquiring quantum bit simulation data as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, or a device for acquiring quantum bit simulation data as described in claim 13.

15. A quantum computer, characterized in that: Comprising the quantum control system as claimed in claim 14.

16. A readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, it can implement the method for obtaining quantum bit simulation data according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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