Fuel cell gas humidifying device, power generation system and gas humidifying method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells, and discloses a fuel cell humidifying device, a fuel cell power generation system and a gas humidifying method. The purpose of humidifying gas is achieved through mutual cooperation of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder with one ends open, and the water inlet pipeline, the gas outlet pipeline, the gas inlet pipeline and the packing layer which are arranged between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. The invention also discloses a gas humidifying method which comprises the following steps: measuring the distribution relation between the gas humidifying temperature control device of the fuel cell and water in the gas; a gas humidifying process is started by conveying water at the bottom of the outer cylinder to the upper part of the filler layer; and the temperature and humidity of the gas are regulated and controlled by heating or cooling the water body at the bottom of the outer cylinder. Efficient humidification and temperature control are achieved through the alternate effect of the inner barrel round hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor and the metal wire mesh filler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and in particular relates to a fuel cell gas humidification device, a power generation system and a gas humidification method. Background Art

[0002] The proton membrane of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell conducts protons in a hydrated form. The normal water state of the fuel cell proton membrane determines the quality, performance and service life of the hydrogen fuel cell. At present, the humidification technology of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is mainly membrane humidification or bubbling humidifier. Bubbling humidifiers can usually achieve saturated humidification, but the temperature and humidity control are relatively unstable. It is necessary to determine whether the dew point temperature set for humidification is accurate. Membrane humidification has stable humidity and temperature control, but it is usually unable to achieve saturated humidification due to the limitation of mass transfer rate, and the humidity after actual humidification needs to be determined. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel cell gas humidification device, a power generation system and a gas humidification method to solve the problem of improving the stability of temperature and humidity control while saturating humidification.

[0004] In order to realize the above-mentioned fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device comprises an inner cylinder and an outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is a sealed cylinder, the inner cylinder is located inside the outer cylinder, a cylinder wall at one end of the inner cylinder is sealedly connected to a cylinder wall of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the inner cylinder is open;

[0006] The inner cylinder comprises a first bottom surface and an inner cylinder wall, the first bottom surface is arranged at one end where the inner cylinder and the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder are sealed, the first bottom surface is provided with a water inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline, the water inlet pipeline and the air outlet pipeline penetrate the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder and are sealed with the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder, and the water inlet pipeline is provided with a one-way control valve;

[0007] The inner cylinder further comprises a second bottom surface, which is located in the middle of the inner cylinder. An air inlet pipeline is arranged on the second bottom surface, which passes through the first bottom surface of the inner cylinder and the top of the outer cylinder and is connected to an external air source pipeline, and is sealed and fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder. The air inlet pipeline is fixedly and sealedly connected to the second bottom surface. A gas distribution opening is also arranged on the second bottom surface. A packing layer is filled in the middle of the inner cylinder, and the packing layer is located above the second bottom surface. Water is arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the water level is higher than the inner cylinder wall of the inner cylinder.

[0008] Further, the second bottom surface is a circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor;

[0009] Furthermore, the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor comprises a guide plate and an overflow hole, the guide plate and the bottom surface of the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor form an overflow groove, and the overflow groove and the overflow hole are arranged at intervals;

[0010] Furthermore, the packing layer is a stainless steel structured packing, and the packing layer is formed by stacking heat and mass transfer components, and the heat and mass transfer components include a circular hole overflow type liquid distributor and a metal wire mesh packing, the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor is located above the metal wire mesh packing, and the metal wire mesh packing is sealed and connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor;

[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal mesh filler is twice the height of the guide plate of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor;

[0012] Furthermore, a tube wall connecting ear is provided on the inner tube wall of the inner tube, and the tube wall connecting ear is fixedly connected to the inner tube barrel wall;

[0013] The outer edge of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor is provided with a distributor connection ear and a sealing convex edge, the distributor connection ear is fixedly connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor, the sealing convex edge is sealed and fixedly connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor, and the sealing convex edge, the guide plate and the second bottom surface form an overflow groove,

[0014] The wire mesh filler also includes a sealing groove and a sealing gasket. The sealing groove is arranged at the edge of the wire mesh filler and is fixedly connected to the wire mesh filler. The outer edge of the sealing groove is a protrusion, and the height of the protrusion is higher than the thickness of the wire mesh filler. The sealing gasket is embedded in the sealing groove.

[0015] When the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor is connected to the wire mesh filler, the connecting ear of the cylinder wall and the connecting ear of the distributor are fixedly connected by a nut, the sealing convex edge is inserted into the sealing groove with the sealing gasket embedded therein, and the outer edge protrusion of the sealing groove penetrates into the gap between the inner cylinder wall and the sealing convex edge;

[0016] Furthermore, the number of layers of the packing layer heat and mass transfer components is 5, and the overflow holes of the heat and mass transfer components of the next layer are staggered with the overflow grooves of the heat and mass transfer components of the previous layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device further comprises a water supply box and a controller, the water supply box is provided with a second temperature sensor, and the second temperature sensor is communicatively connected with the controller.

[0018] The outer cylinder is provided with a drain pipe at the bottom, a drain control valve is provided at the end of the drain pipe, the water supply tank is also provided with a water outlet pipe, the water outlet pipe is provided with a flow control valve, the flow control valve is connected to the controller, and the water outlet pipe of the water supply tank is connected between the drain control valve of the drain pipe and the outer cylinder body.

[0019] A water circulation pipeline outlet is also provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder, a water circulation pipeline is provided at the water circulation pipeline outlet, a water circulation pump is provided near the water circulation pipeline outlet, the water circulation pump is communicatively connected to the controller, the other end of the water circulation pipeline is a water inlet pipeline, a water body heating component is also provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder, the water body heating component is communicatively connected to the controller, a first temperature sensor is provided at the outlet of the air outlet pipeline on the first bottom surface of the inner cylinder, and the first temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the controller.

[0020] A fuel cell power generation system, comprising: the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device of the present invention, the fuel cell power generation system also comprises: a fuel cell, a hydrogen source, an air source, and a hydrogen supply subsystem, an air supply subsystem and a hydrogen supply subsystem connected to the fuel cell;

[0021] The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is arranged at the outlet end of the hydrogen source, and the inlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected with the outlet of the hydrogen source, and the outlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell;

[0022] The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is arranged at the outlet end of the air source, and the inlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected with the outlet of the air source, and the outlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected with the air inlet of the fuel cell;

[0023] The hydrogen supply subsystem is also provided with a flow rate pressure control unit and a temperature and humidity control unit, and the air supply subsystem is also provided with a flow rate pressure control unit and a temperature and humidity control unit.

[0024] A gas humidification method, wherein the gas humidification method uses the fuel cell gas humidification temperature control device of the present invention,

[0025] The following steps are involved:

[0026] S01: Measure the relationship between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the distribution of water in the gas.

[0027] The water content of hydrogen and air packing layers at different temperatures is calibrated respectively. With 1 degree Celsius as a measurement unit, a certain amount of water is input into the humidification and temperature control device. The water content of the packing layer is determined by measuring the amount of water in the outer cylinder and the water content in the gas.

[0028] S02: Start the gas humidification process by transferring the water from the bottom of the outer cylinder to the upper part of the packing layer.

[0029] When the fuel cell is started, the water circulation pump is turned on to introduce gas. The required water temperature and flow rate are calculated based on the required gas humidity and temperature parameters. The water temperature is heated to the required temperature and the gas is humidified according to the calculated flow rate.

[0030] S03: Regulate the temperature and humidity of the gas by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube.

[0031] During the operation of the fuel cell, the gas flow rate changes due to changes in power output. The temperature and humidity of the gas need to be regulated by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube according to the gas flow rate, flow velocity and process temperature requirements.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a fuel cell gas humidification device, a power generation system and a gas humidification method, which have the following beneficial effects:

[0033] First, the inner cylinder circular hole overflow type liquid distributor and the metal wire mesh filler act alternately to achieve efficient humidification and temperature control. Liquid redistribution can be achieved through multiple circular hole overflow type liquid distributors to prevent liquid flow channel aggregation. The staggered distribution of the overflow hole and the overflow groove can increase the disturbance and process of the gas flow, and can achieve full contact between the water body and the gas.

[0034] Secondly, the water circulation system of the present invention can ensure uniform temperature of the entire system, thereby being able to accurately control the humidity of the gas, ensure accurate control of the water state of the fuel cell proton membrane, and improve the operating performance of the fuel cell.

[0035] Third, the present invention realizes efficient temperature control by heating and cooling the water body. When the whole system needs to be heated, the present invention heats the water body, transfers the heat to the gas through the packing layer through the water body, thereby increasing the temperature of the whole system; when the whole system needs to be cooled, the heating system is turned off, and low-temperature water is added from the external pipeline, thereby cooling the water body, and lowering the temperature of the whole system through the water body, thereby realizing temperature control of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the simple structure of the humidification and temperature control device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the complete structure of the humidification and temperature control device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the water circulation structure of the humidification and temperature control device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel cell power generation system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of the gas humidification method of the present invention.

[0042] In the figure: 1, inner cylinder, 2, outer cylinder, 3, air outlet pipeline, 4, water inlet pipeline, 5, air inlet pipeline, 6, first bottom surface, 7, circular hole overflow type liquid distributor, 71, sealing convex edge, 72, overflow groove, 73, guide plate, 74, overflow hole, 75, distributor connecting ear, 76, gasket, 77, cylinder wall connecting ear, 78, overflow chamfer, 8, wire mesh filler 81, sealing groove, 82, sealing gasket, 9, inner cylinder wall, 10, first temperature sensor, 11, second temperature sensor, 12, water supply tank, 13, flow control valve, 14 , liquid level meter, 15, water circulation pump, 16, water discharge control valve, 17, heating component, 18, controller, 19, one-way control valve, 20, second bottom surface, 2101, hydrogen supply subsystem, 2102, hydrogen source, 2103, flow pressure control unit, 2104, temperature and humidity control unit, 2105, fuel cell temperature control unit, 2106, air supply subsystem, 2117, air source, 2108, flow pressure control unit, 2109, temperature and humidity control unit, 2110, fuel cell, 2111, external circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a fuel cell humidification and temperature control device, comprising an inner cylinder 1 and an outer cylinder 2, wherein the outer cylinder 2 is a sealed cylinder, the inner cylinder 1 is located inside the outer cylinder 2, one end of the inner cylinder 1 is sealedly connected to the wall of the outer cylinder 2, and the other end of the inner cylinder 1 is open.

[0045] The inner tube 1 comprises a first bottom surface 6 and an inner tube wall 9. The first bottom surface 6 is arranged at one end where the inner tube 1 and the outer tube 2 are sealed and connected.

[0046] The first bottom surface 6 is provided with a water inlet pipeline 4 and an air outlet pipeline 3, and the water inlet pipeline 4 and the air outlet pipeline 3 penetrate the wall of the outer tube 2 and are sealed and connected with the wall of the outer tube 2.

[0047] The inner tube 1 further comprises a second bottom surface 20, which is located in the middle of the inner tube 1. The second bottom surface 20 is provided with an air intake pipeline 5, which passes through the first bottom surface 6 of the inner tube 1 and the top of the outer tube 2 and is connected with an external gas source pipeline. The air intake pipeline 5 is fixedly and sealedly connected with the second bottom surface 20. The second bottom surface 20 is also provided with gas distribution openings.

[0048] The middle of the inner cylinder 1 is filled with a packing layer, and the packing layer is located above the second bottom surface 20 . The bottom of the outer cylinder 2 is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the cylinder wall 9 of the inner cylinder 1 .

[0049] As a preferred implementation, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 2 , further, the second bottom surface 20 is an overflow type liquid distributor,

[0050] After the water enters the overflow type liquid distributor, the liquid will flow evenly through each part of the distributor through the guide plate, and then through multiple outlets to distribute the liquid to each part. The size and position of these outlets will also affect the distribution effect of the liquid. The gas enters the packing layer through the second bottom surface 20, that is, the opening on the overflow type liquid distributor, and absorbs moisture and heat from the water in the packing layer, thereby achieving the effect of heating and humidification.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the second bottom surface 20 is a circular hole overflow type liquid distributor.

[0052] A circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 is provided on the upper part of the packing layer. The circular hole overflow type liquid distributor includes a guide plate 73 and an overflow hole 74. The guide plate 73 and the bottom surface of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor form an overflow groove 72. The overflow groove 72 and the overflow hole 74 are arranged at intervals.

[0053] During operation, water enters the overflow groove 72 surrounded by the guide plate 73 and the bottom surface of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor through the water inlet pipe 4, and the water continues to gather in the overflow groove 72, and finally overflows the guide plate 73, flows out of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor from the overflow hole 74, and enters the packing layer, and the water and the gas transfer mass and heat in the packing layer, and finally the water enters the water body at the bottom of the outer tube 2 of the outer tube 2 through the second bottom surface 20.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment, the filler layer of the fuel cell humidification device is a regular filler, specifically, a perforated corrugated metal filler or a metal mesh filler. Furthermore, the filler material can be stainless steel. The metal or stainless steel material has good thermal conductivity and can quickly transfer heat, which is beneficial to the temperature control of the entire device.

[0055] As a preferred implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The packing layer is formed by stacking heat and mass transfer components, and the heat and mass transfer components include a circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 and a metal wire mesh packing 8.

[0056] The metal mesh filler and the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor form a layer of heat and mass transfer components. The circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 is located above the metal mesh filler 8. The metal mesh filler 8 is sealed and connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7. The topmost layer of the filler layer is the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor, and they are stacked alternately in this way. Furthermore, the thickness of the metal mesh filler 8 is twice the height of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor guide plate 73.

[0057] Furthermore, the number of layers of the packing layer heat and mass transfer components is 5. Preferably, the overflow holes 74 and the overflow grooves 72 of the upper layer of heat and mass transfer components are staggered.

[0058] It should be noted that when the fuel cell humidification device is running, water enters the overflow groove 72 surrounded by the guide plate 73 and the second bottom surface 20 from the water inlet pipe 4 from top to bottom, and the water continues to accumulate in the overflow groove 72, and finally overflows the guide plate 73, flows out of the liquid distributor from the overflow hole 74 and enters the metal mesh filler. The humidified gas enters the metal mesh filler from the overflow hole 74 from bottom to top, and the gas and water are fully heat and mass transferred in the metal mesh. After that, the water body further enters the water body distributor of the next layer of exchange component in the overflow groove 72 of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor for redistribution, and the gas passes through the metal mesh filler of the exchange component on the overflow hole 74.

[0059] As a preferred implementation, please refer to Figure 3 The fuel cell humidification device further comprises a water supply tank 12 and a controller 18. The water supply tank 12 is used to store water for use by the humidification device. The water supply tank 12 is provided with a second temperature sensor 11. The second temperature sensor 11 is connected to the controller 18 to transmit water temperature data of the water supply tank to the controller 18.

[0060] The water supply tank 12 is also provided with a water outlet pipeline, and the water outlet pipeline is provided with a flow control valve 13 for accurately supplying water to the humidifier body. The flow control valve 13 is connected to a controller 18, and the controller 18 controls the opening and closing of the flow control valve 13.

[0061] A drainage pipeline is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 2, and a drainage control valve 16 is provided at the end of the drainage pipeline. When the liquid level at the bottom of the outer cylinder 2 is too high, the drainage control valve 16 opens to drain water outward to control the water level at the bottom of the outer cylinder 2 to maintain a reasonable height.

[0062] The water outlet pipeline of the water supply tank 12 is connected between the water discharge control valve 16 of the water discharge pipeline and the cylinder body of the outer cylinder 2, so that the water supply tank can use part of the water discharge pipeline to supply water to the humidifier, thereby reducing the number of pipelines.

[0063] A water circulation pipeline outlet is provided at the bottom of the outer tube 2, and a water circulation pipeline is provided at the water circulation pipeline outlet. A water circulation pump 15 is provided at one end of the water circulation pipeline near the water circulation pipeline outlet. The water circulation pump 15 is connected to a controller 18, and the controller 18 controls the opening and closing of the water circulation pump 15.

[0064] The other end of the water circulation pipeline is connected to the water inlet pipeline 4 , and the water inlet pipeline 4 is provided with a one-way control valve 19 , which can prevent hydrogen and the like from overflowing through the water inlet pipeline 4 .

[0065] A water heating component 17 is provided at the bottom of the outer cylinder 2 , and the water heating component is connected to a controller 18 . The heating on and off of the water heating component 17 is controlled by the controller 18 .

[0066] A first temperature sensor 10 is provided at the outlet of the gas outlet pipeline 3 on the first bottom surface 6 of the inner tube 1 . The first temperature sensor is connected to the controller 18 to transmit the temperature data of the humidified gas to the controller 18 .

[0067] It should be noted that when the fuel cell humidification device is in operation, when the gas temperature of the gas outlet pipeline 3 is lower than the temperature required by the fuel cell, the first temperature sensor 10 transmits the collected temperature data to the controller 18, and the controller 18 starts the heating component 17 to increase the temperature of the water body, and the water body enters the circulation pipeline through the water inlet pipeline 4 and passes into the packing layer, and fully exchanges heat with the gas in the packing layer, thereby increasing the gas temperature of the gas outlet pipeline 3. When the gas temperature of the gas outlet pipeline 3 is higher than the temperature required by the process, the water supply tank 12 water outlet pipeline flow control valve 13 is opened to supply low-temperature water to the water body at the bottom of the outer tube 2, thereby reducing the water body temperature at the bottom of the outer tube 2, and the water body enters the circulation pipeline through the water inlet pipeline 4 and passes into the packing layer, and fully exchanges heat with the gas in the packing layer, thereby reducing the gas temperature of the gas outlet pipeline 3.

[0068] As a preferred implementation, please refer to Figure 4 The inner wall of the inner tube 1 is provided with a tube wall connecting ear 77, and the tube wall connecting ear 77 is fixedly connected to the barrel wall of the inner tube 1.

[0069] The outer edge of the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 is provided with a distributor connection ear 75 and a sealing flange 71, the distributor connection ear 75 is sealed and fixedly connected to the liquid distributor 7, the sealing flange 71 is sealed and fixedly connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7, the sealing flange 71 and the guide plate 73 and the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor form an overflow groove 72,

[0070] The wire mesh filler 8 further comprises a sealing groove 81 and a sealing gasket 82. The sealing groove 81 is arranged at the edge of the wire mesh filler 8 and is sealed and fixedly connected to the wire mesh filler 8. The outer edge of the sealing groove 81 is raised higher than the wire mesh filler 8. The sealing gasket 82 is embedded in the sealing groove 81.

[0071] It should be noted that when the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 and the wire mesh filler 8 are connected, the cylinder wall connecting ear 77 and the distributor connecting ear 75 are fixedly connected by a nut, the sealing flange 71 is inserted into the sealing groove 81 embedded with the sealing gasket 82, and the outer edge protrusion of the sealing groove 81 penetrates into the gap between the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder 1 and the sealing flange 71, thereby realizing a sealed and fixed connection between the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor 7 and the wire mesh filler 8.

[0072] As a preferred embodiment, a gasket 76 is provided between the cylinder wall connecting ear 77 and the cloth connecting ear 75. On the one hand, the gasket can reduce the friction between the two connecting ears, thereby improving durability. On the other hand, the elasticity of the gasket can make the two more tightly connected to prevent loosening.

[0073] A fuel cell power generation system, please refer to Figure 5 , including: the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device of the present invention, the fuel cell power generation system also includes: a fuel cell 2110, and a hydrogen supply subsystem 2101 and an air supply subsystem 2106 connected to the fuel cell 2110;

[0074] The hydrogen supply subsystem 2101 includes: a hydrogen source 2101, and a fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device connected to the hydrogen source 2101, the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device inlet is connected to the hydrogen source 2101 outlet, the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device outlet is connected to the fuel cell 2110 hydrogen inlet, the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the fuel cell 2110 hydrogen inlet pipeline, and is also provided with a flow pressure control unit 2103 and a temperature and humidity control unit 2104;

[0075] The air supply subsystem 2106 includes an air source 2106, and a fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device connected to the air source 2101, the inlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected to the outlet of the air source 2106, the outlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell 2110, and the pipeline between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell 2110 is also provided with a flow pressure control unit 2108 and a temperature and humidity control unit 2109;

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, the fuel cell power generation system further includes: a fuel cell temperature control unit 2105 and an external circuit 2111. The fuel cell temperature control unit 2105 controls the temperature of the fuel cell 2110 to better perform water heat management.

[0077] A method for humidifying gas, see Figure 6 The gas humidification method uses the fuel cell gas humidification temperature control device of the present invention,

[0078] The following steps are involved:

[0079] S01: Measuring the relationship between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the distribution of water in the gas

[0080] During the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control process, due to mass transfer, water in the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is divided into three parts. One part is the water in the gas, which is called gas water; one part is the water at the bottom of the outer cylinder, which is called cylinder water; and one part is the water in other parts including the packing layer, which is called packing layer water. Under the same pressure and different temperatures, the water content in the gas is different at different temperatures. The hydrogen and air packing layer water at different temperatures are calibrated respectively. The specific measurement method is: take 1 degree Celsius as a measurement unit, input a certain amount of water into the humidification and temperature control device, and determine the packing layer water by measuring the amount of cylinder water and gas water;

[0081] S02: Start the gas humidification process by transferring the water from the bottom of the outer cylinder to the upper part of the packing layer.

[0082] When the fuel cell is started, the water circulation pump is turned on to introduce gas. The required water temperature and flow rate are calculated based on the required gas humidity and temperature parameters. The water temperature is heated to the required temperature and the gas is humidified according to the calculated flow rate.

[0083] S03: Regulate the temperature and humidity of the gas by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube.

[0084] During the operation of the fuel cell, the gas flow rate changes due to changes in power output. The temperature and humidity of the gas need to be regulated by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube according to the gas flow rate, flow velocity and process temperature requirements.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0086] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an inner cylinder (1) and an outer cylinder (2), wherein the outer cylinder (2) is a sealed cylinder body, the inner cylinder (1) is located inside the cylinder body of the outer cylinder (2), the cylinder wall of one end of the inner cylinder (1) is sealedly connected to the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2), and the other end of the inner cylinder (1) is open, the inner cylinder (1) comprises a first bottom surface (6) and an inner cylinder wall (9), the first bottom surface (6) is arranged at one end where the cylinder wall of the inner cylinder (1) and the outer cylinder (2) are sealedly connected, the first bottom surface (6) is provided with a water inlet pipeline (4) and an air outlet pipeline (3), the water inlet pipeline (4) and the air outlet pipeline (3) penetrate the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2) and are sealedly connected to the cylinder wall of the outer cylinder (2), and the water inlet pipeline (4) is provided with a one-way control valve (19); The inner tube (1) further comprises a second bottom surface (20), the second bottom surface (20) being located in the middle of the inner tube (1), the second bottom surface (20) being provided with an air intake pipeline (5), the air intake pipeline (5) penetrating the first bottom surface (6) of the inner tube (1) and the top of the outer tube (2) and being in communication with an external air source pipeline, being sealed and fixedly connected to the top of the outer tube (2), the air intake pipeline (5) being fixedly and sealedly connected to the second bottom surface (20), and the second bottom surface (20) being further provided with a gas distribution opening; The middle of the inner cylinder (1) is filled with a filling layer, which is located above the second bottom surface (20). The bottom of the outer cylinder (2) is filled with water, and the water level is higher than the inner cylinder wall (9) of the inner cylinder (1).

2. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second bottom surface (20) is a circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor.

3. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor comprises a guide plate (73) and an overflow hole (74); the guide plate (73) and the bottom surface of the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor form an overflow groove (72); the overflow groove (72) and the overflow hole (74) are arranged at intervals.

4. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing layer is a stainless steel structured packing, and the packing layer is formed by stacking heat and mass transfer components, and the heat and mass transfer components include a circular hole overflow type liquid distributor (7) and a metal wire mesh packing (8), the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor (7) is located above the metal wire mesh packing (8), and the metal wire mesh packing (8) is sealed and connected to the circular hole overflow type liquid distributor (7).

5. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the metal wire mesh filler (8) is twice the height of the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor guide plate (73).

6. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the inner cylinder (1) is provided with a cylinder wall connecting ear (77), and the cylinder wall connecting ear (77) is fixedly connected to the barrel wall of the inner cylinder (1); The outer edge of the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor (7) is provided with a distributor connection ear (75) and a sealing convex edge (71); the distributor connection ear (75) is fixedly connected to the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor (7); the sealing convex edge (71) is sealed and fixedly connected to the circular hole-shaped overflow type liquid distributor (7); the sealing convex edge (71) and the guide plate (73) and the second bottom surface (20) form an overflow groove (72); The wire mesh filler (8) further comprises a sealing groove (81) and a sealing gasket (82); the sealing groove (81) is arranged at the edge of the wire mesh filler (8) and is fixedly connected to the wire mesh filler (8); the outer edge of the sealing groove (81) is a protrusion, the height of the protrusion is higher than the thickness of the wire mesh filler (8); and the sealing gasket (82) is embedded in the sealing groove (81).

7. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The number of layers of the packing layer heat and mass transfer components is 5, and the overflow holes (74) of the heat and mass transfer components of the next layer are staggered with the overflow grooves (72) of the heat and mass transfer components of the previous layer.

8. The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device further comprises a water supply box (12) and a controller (18); the water supply box (12) is provided with a second temperature sensor (11); and the second temperature sensor (11) is communicatively connected to the controller (18); The outer cylinder (2) is provided with a drain pipe at the bottom, and a drain control valve (16) is provided at the end of the drain pipe. The water supply tank (12) is also provided with a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet pipe is provided with a flow control valve (13). The flow control valve (13) is communicatively connected with a controller (18). The water outlet pipe of the water supply tank (12) is connected between the drain control valve (16) of the drain pipe and the cylinder body of the outer cylinder (2). The outer tube (2) is also provided with a water circulation pipeline outlet at the bottom, and a water circulation pipeline is provided at the water circulation pipeline outlet. A water circulation pump (15) is provided near the water circulation pipeline outlet, and the water circulation pump (15) is communicatively connected to a controller (18). The other end of the water circulation pipeline is a water inlet pipeline (4). The outer tube (2) is also provided with a water heating component (17) at the bottom, and the water heating component (17) is communicatively connected to the controller (18). A first temperature sensor (10) is provided at the pipeline opening of the air outlet pipeline (3) on the first bottom surface (6) of the inner tube (1), and the first temperature sensor (10) is communicatively connected to the controller (18).

9. A fuel cell power generation system, comprising: The fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fuel cell power generation system further comprises: a fuel cell (2110), and a hydrogen supply subsystem (2101) and an air supply subsystem (2106) connected to the fuel cell (2110); The hydrogen supply subsystem (2101) comprises: a hydrogen source (2101), and a fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device connected to the hydrogen source (2101), the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device inlet is connected to the hydrogen source (2101) outlet, the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device outlet is connected to the fuel cell (2110) hydrogen inlet, and a pipeline between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the fuel cell (2110) hydrogen inlet is also provided with a flow pressure control unit (2103) and a temperature and humidity control unit (2104); The air supply subsystem (2106) includes an air source (2106), and a fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device connected to the air source (2101); the inlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected to the outlet of the air source (2106); the outlet of the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device is connected to the air inlet of the fuel cell (2110); a pipeline between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the air inlet of the fuel cell (2110) is also provided with a flow pressure control unit (2108) and a temperature and humidity control unit (2109).

10. A gas humidification method, wherein the gas humidification method uses the fuel cell gas humidification temperature control device described in Examples 1 to 8, The following steps are involved: S01: Measure the relationship between the fuel cell gas humidification and temperature control device and the distribution of water in the gas. The water content of hydrogen and air packing layers at different temperatures is calibrated respectively. With 1 degree Celsius as a measurement unit, a certain amount of water is input into the humidification and temperature control device. The water content of the packing layer is determined by measuring the amount of water in the outer cylinder and the water content in the gas. S02: Start the gas humidification process by transferring the water from the bottom of the outer cylinder to the upper part of the packing layer. When the fuel cell is started, the water circulation pump is turned on to introduce gas. The required water temperature and flow rate are calculated based on the required gas humidity and temperature parameters. The water temperature is heated to the required temperature. According to the calculated flow rate, the water at the bottom of the outer cylinder is transported to the upper part of the packing layer to start the gas humidification process. S03: Regulate the temperature and humidity of the gas by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube. During the operation of the fuel cell, the gas flow rate changes due to changes in power output. The temperature and humidity of the gas need to be regulated by heating or cooling the water at the bottom of the outer tube according to the gas flow rate, flow velocity and process temperature requirements.

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