Antenna structure and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna structure and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of antennas. The antenna structure comprises a support member, a radiation layer and a reflection layer. The support part comprises a first surface and a second surface which are located in the first direction. At least one of the radiation layer and the reflection layer is of a laser direct structuring structure, the radiation layer is located on the first surface, and the reflection layer is located on the second surface; the orthographic projection of the radiation layer in the first direction at least partially coincides with the orthographic projection of the reflection layer in the first direction. According to the antenna structure, the radiation layer and the reflection layer are located on the two surfaces of the support part respectively, the antenna structure has the advantages of being small in size, low in profile, wide in frequency band and the like, and the working bandwidth and the radiation efficiency can be remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna structure and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The LDS (Laser Direct Structuring) antenna uses laser technology to directly plate a metal antenna circuit on a formed bracket, and has the characteristics of high precision and relative stability.

[0003] However, as the integration of antennas continues to increase and the stacking space continues to decrease, LDS antennas gradually expose the problems of large required area and insufficient coverage bandwidth. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, which can solve the problem that the LDS antenna requires a large area and has insufficient coverage bandwidth.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] In one aspect, an antenna structure is provided, the antenna structure comprising: a support member, a radiation layer and a reflection layer;

[0007] The bracket member includes a first surface and a second surface located in a first direction;

[0008] At least one of the radiation layer and the reflection layer is a laser direct structuring structure, the radiation layer is located on the first surface, and the reflection layer is located on the second surface;

[0009] An orthographic projection of the radiation layer along the first direction at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the reflection layer along the first direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the radiation layer includes at least two radiation units, and the at least two radiation units are arranged in an array, so that the radiation layer forms a periodic structure.

[0011] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the reflective layer is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the radiation layer.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reflective layer and the radiation layer are both square, and the side length a1 of the reflective layer and the side length a2 of the radiation layer are in the range of 15-21 mm;

[0013] and / or,

[0014] The radiation layer includes at least two radiation units, each of which is a square, the side length b of the radiation unit is in the range of 3.5-4.1 mm, and the spacing c between adjacent radiation units is in the range of 0.5-1.1 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a feeding layer, wherein the feeding layer is located parallel and spaced apart on a side of the reflective layer away from the radiation layer;

[0016] The feeding layer includes at least one microstrip feeding line, and the reflecting layer includes at least one coupling slot;

[0017] An orthographic projection of the at least one microstrip feeding line along the first direction at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the at least one coupling slot along the first direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the feed layer further includes a feed substrate, and the feed substrate is located parallel and spaced apart on the side where the second surface of the bracket is located;

[0019] The at least one microstrip feeding line is located on a surface of the feeding substrate facing the support member.

[0020] In some embodiments, an orthographic projection of the at least one microstrip feeding line along the first direction perpendicularly intersects an orthographic projection of the at least one coupling slot along the first direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the reflective layer is square, the coupling gap is rectangular, the centers of the reflective layer and the coupling gap coincide, the long side d1 of the coupling gap ranges from 5 to 11 mm, and the short side d2 of the coupling gap ranges from 1.5 to 2.5 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the at least one microstrip feed line includes a first branch, a second branch and a third branch, one end of the first branch is connected to a feed source, the other end of the first branch is connected to one end of the second branch, the other end of the second branch is connected to one end of the third branch, and the other end of the third branch is suspended;

[0023] The extension directions of the first branch node and the third branch node are parallel, and the first branch node and the third branch node intersect the at least one coupling gap vertically.

[0024] In some embodiments, the length e1 of the first branch section ranges from 11.3 to 13.3 mm, the length e2 of the second branch section ranges from 8.9 to 10.9 mm, and the length e3 of the third branch section ranges from 7.9 to 9.9 mm.

[0025] In some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a guiding layer, the guiding layer is located parallel and spaced on a side of the radiation layer away from the reflection layer, and an orthographic projection of the guiding layer along the first direction at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the radiation layer along the first direction;

[0026] The guiding layer is at least one of a coating forming structure, a printing forming structure, and a laser direct forming structure.

[0027] In some embodiments, the guiding layer includes at least two guiding units, and the at least two guiding units are arranged in an array, so that the guiding layer is formed into a periodic structure.

[0028] On the other hand, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising the antenna structure described in the present application, and a housing;

[0029] The bracket members are spaced apart and located inside the shell, the first surface faces the inner wall of the shell, and the second surface faces away from the inner wall of the shell.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a mainboard, the mainboard is located on the side where the second surface of the bracket is located, and the antenna structure comprises a feeding layer;

[0031] The feeding layer is located on the surface of the mainboard facing the bracket;

[0032] and / or,

[0033] The feeding layer includes at least one microstrip feeding line and a feeding substrate. At least a portion of the main board overlapping with the reflective layer forms the feeding substrate. The at least one microstrip feeding line is located on a surface of the main board facing the bracket.

[0034] In some embodiments, the antenna structure includes a guiding layer, and the guiding layer is located on the inner wall of the shell.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this application include at least:

[0036] The antenna structure of the present application uses a bracket as a carrier, and arranges a radiation layer or a reflection layer on the first surface and the second surface of the bracket respectively, and at least one of the radiation layer and the reflection layer is a laser direct forming structure, i.e., an LDS structure; wherein the radiation layer and the reflection layer are respectively located on the two surfaces of the bracket, and the function of the bracket is equivalent to a dielectric layer, so that the antenna structure is constructed as a microstrip antenna structure, which has the advantages of small size, low profile, wide frequency band, etc. Compared with the LDS antenna of the related technology, the working bandwidth and radiation efficiency can be significantly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an antenna structure and an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of an antenna structure and an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a radiation layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reflective layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the microstrip feeding line and the reflective layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a microstrip feeder provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guiding layer provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 is an S parameter simulation diagram of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig. 9 It is a simulation diagram of the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0047] The reference numerals in the figures represent respectively:

[0048] 1. bracket member; 101. first surface; 102. second surface;

[0049] 2. Radiating layer; 21. Radiating unit;

[0050] 3. Reflection layer; 31. Coupling gap;

[0051] 4. Feeding layer; 41. Microstrip feeding line; 411. First branch; 412. Second branch; 413. Third branch; 42. Feeding substrate;

[0052] 5. Guiding layer; 51. Guiding unit;

[0053] 6. Shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementations consistent with the present application. Instead, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0055] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0057] LDS antenna technology is laser direct structuring technology, which uses a computer to control the movement of the laser according to the trajectory of the conductive pattern, and projects the laser onto the molded three-dimensional plastic device, activating the circuit pattern within a few seconds. Simply put (for mobile phone antenna design and production), on the molded plastic bracket, the metal antenna pattern is directly plated on the bracket using laser technology.

[0058] LDS technology has been widely used in communication, automotive electronics, electromechanical equipment, medical equipment and other application fields. The advantage of this type of antenna is that the antenna is more stable and can avoid interference from internal components. At the same time, it can also save more design space and make mobile phones and other electronic devices thinner.

[0059] However, the area of ​​the LDS antenna is inversely proportional to the antenna frequency. The higher the frequency the antenna needs to cover, the larger the LDS antenna area is required. Therefore, due to the limitations of the internal space and area of ​​electronic equipment, LDS antennas are generally dipole or monopole structures and are designed for a single frequency band, making it difficult to expand the bandwidth.

[0060] Therefore, the present application provides an antenna structure, which is constructed as a microstrip antenna structure, having the advantages of small size, low profile, and wide bandwidth. Compared with the LDS antenna of the related technology, the working bandwidth and radiation efficiency can be significantly improved.

[0061] The technical solution provided in this application is applicable to electronic devices that adopt one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (Blue Tooth, BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System, GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi) communication technology, Global System For mobile communications (Global System For mobile Communications, GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) communication technology, Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies.

[0062] The electronic device can be any of various types of computer system devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communication. Specifically, the electronic device can be a mobile phone or smart phone (e.g., a phone based on iPhone TM, a phone based on Android TM), a portable game device (e.g., Nintendo DS TM, PlayStation Portable TM, Gameboy Advance TM, iPhone TM), a laptop, a PDA, a portable Internet device, a music player, and a data storage device, other handheld devices, and headsets, etc. The electronic device can also be other wearable devices that need to be charged (e.g., a head-mounted device (HMD) such as an electronic bracelet, an electronic necklace, an electronic device, or a smart watch).

[0063] The electronic device can also be any one of a plurality of electronic devices, including but not limited to cellular phones, smart phones, other wireless communication devices, personal digital assistants, audio players, other media players, music recorders, video recorders, other media recorders, radios, medical devices, vehicle transportation instruments, calculators, programmable remote controls, pagers, laptop computers, desktop computers, printers, netbook computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia players (PMPs), Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG-1 or MPEGG-2) Audio Layer 3 (MP3) players, portable medical devices, and digital cameras and combinations thereof.

[0064] In some cases, the electronic device can perform multiple functions (e.g., play music, display video, store pictures, and receive and send phone calls). If desired, the electronic device can be a device such as a cellular phone, a media player, other handheld device, a wristwatch device, a pendant device, a handset device, or other compact portable device.

[0065] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the implementation methods of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0066] On the one hand, combined with Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an antenna structure, which includes: a bracket 1, a radiation layer 2 and a reflection layer 3.

[0067] The support member 1 includes a first surface 101 and a second surface 102 located in a first direction z; at least one of the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 is a laser direct forming structure, the radiation layer 2 is located on the first surface 101, and the reflection layer 3 is located on the second surface 102, and is electrically grounded; the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 2 along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the reflection layer 3 along the first direction z.

[0068] The antenna structure of this embodiment uses a bracket 1 as a carrier, and arranges a radiation layer 2 or a reflection layer 3 on the first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the bracket 1 respectively, and at least one of the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 is a laser direct forming structure, i.e., an LDS structure; wherein the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 are respectively located on the two surfaces of the bracket 1, and the function of the bracket 1 is equivalent to a dielectric layer, so that the antenna structure is constructed as a microstrip antenna structure, which has the advantages of small size, low profile, wide frequency band, etc. Compared with the LDS antenna of the related technology, the working bandwidth and radiation efficiency can be significantly improved.

[0069] Exemplarily, the radiation-only layer 2 is a laser direct forming structure (ie, LDS structure) formed on the first surface 101 of the support component 1 using LDS technology, and the reflective layer 3 is a metal layer formed on the second surface 102 of the support component 1 using any forming technology.

[0070] In another exemplary embodiment, the reflection-only layer 3 is a laser direct forming structure (ie, LDS structure) formed on the first surface 101 of the support component 1 using LDS technology, and the radiation layer 2 is a metal layer formed on the second surface 102 of the support component 1 using any forming technology.

[0071] In another exemplary embodiment, both the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 are laser direct structuring structures (ie, LDS structures) formed on the first surface 101 of the bracket component 1 using LDS technology.

[0072] In some possible implementations, the radiation layer 2 can be used to cover the high-frequency N78 and N79 bands in sub-6G, meeting the communication needs of electronic devices in the sub-6G frequency range.

[0073] In some possible implementations, the bracket 1 is made of insulating material, and its main function is to provide a carrier for the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3, so that the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 formed by LDS technology can maintain the target position and shape in space, thereby realizing the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves.

[0074] It should be noted that the shape of the bracket 1 is not limited to the shape shown in the drawings of the present application specification, and can be reasonably designed according to the scene in which the antenna structure is located. In addition, the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 are not limited to the plate surface shapes shown in the drawings of the present application specification, and can also be arc surfaces, curved surfaces, end surfaces, etc., and the present application does not limit this.

[0075] The first direction z in this embodiment can be understood as the thickness direction of the bracket 1, that is, the radiation layer 2 and the reflection layer 3 are respectively located on the two surfaces of the bracket 1 in the thickness direction. The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 of the bracket 1 in this embodiment are just for the convenience of description. The first surface 101 and the second surface 102 only represent the two surfaces of the bracket 1 in the first direction. Figure 2 The upper surface of the support member 1 is the first surface 101, and the lower surface of the support member 1 is the second surface 102, which is only one example. The lower surface of the support member 1 can also be the first surface 101, and the upper surface of the support member 1 can be the second surface 102. That is, this embodiment can also be described as follows: the radiation layer 2 is located on the second surface 102, and the reflection layer 3 is located on the first surface 101.

[0076] Exemplarily, the bracket 1 can be injection molded using one or more of the following materials: polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylate (polyacrylate), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate diformic acid glycolester (PEN), polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC) and cellulose acetate propionate (CAP).

[0077] Combination Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the radiation layer 2 includes at least two radiation units 21, and the at least two radiation units 21 are arranged in an array, so that the radiation layer 2 is formed into a periodic structure.

[0078] By adopting the radiation layer 2 with a periodic structure, the radiation frequency of the radiation layer 2 can be changed by adjusting the resonance frequency of the periodic structure, thereby achieving the purpose of widening the working bandwidth of the antenna structure.

[0079] The periodic structure can effectively improve the performance of the antenna structure, such as the gain and return loss characteristics of the antenna structure, and can also effectively suppress high-order harmonics. The working bandwidth, gain and reflection coefficient of the antenna can be significantly enhanced.

[0080] Optionally, the number of radiation units 21, including but not limited to two, four, nine, etc., can be constructed into a periodic structure of 1×2, 2×2, 3×3, etc.

[0081] Combination Figure 1-4 As shown, in some embodiments, the area of ​​the reflective layer 3 is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the radiation layer 2. By adopting a reflective layer 3 whose area is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the radiation layer 2, the lower part of the radiation layer 2 can be completely wrapped by the reflective layer 3, which can achieve a better electromagnetic reflection effect, improve the directional performance of the antenna structure, and improve the radiation efficiency and working performance of the antenna structure.

[0082] Exemplarily, when the area of ​​the reflective layer 3 is the same as the area of ​​the radiation layer 2 , the boundary of the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 2 along the first direction completely overlaps with the boundary of the orthographic projection of the reflective layer 3 along the first direction.

[0083] Exemplarily, when the area of ​​the reflective layer 3 is larger than that of the radiation layer 2 , at least one edge of the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 2 along the first direction coincides with at least one edge of the orthographic projection of the reflective layer 3 along the first direction.

[0084] In another exemplary manner, when the area of ​​the reflective layer 3 is larger than that of the radiation layer 2 , the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 2 along the first direction is located within the range of the orthographic projection of the reflective layer 3 along the first direction.

[0085] Combination Figure 3 , 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the reflective layer 3 and the radiating layer 2 are both square, and the side length a1 of the reflective layer 3 and the side length a2 of the radiating layer 2 are in the range of 15-21 mm, so that the antenna structure has good radiation performance and can achieve a larger frequency band coverage. The reflective layer 3 and the radiating layer 2 have simple structures, are easy to process and design, and are easy to adjust the radiation performance of the antenna structure by adjusting the size.

[0086] Exemplarily, the side length a1 of the radiation layer 2 is, for example, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, etc. Optionally, the side length a1 of the radiation layer 2 is 18 mm.

[0087] In another exemplary embodiment, the side length a2 of the reflective layer 3 is, for example, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, etc. Optionally, the side length a2 of the reflective layer 3 is 18 mm.

[0088] Combination Figure 3 , 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the radiation layer 2 includes at least two radiation units 21, each radiation unit 21 is square, the side length b of the radiation unit 21 is in the range of 3.5-4.1 mm, and the spacing c between adjacent radiation units 21 is in the range of 0.5-1.1 mm, so that the antenna structure has better radiation performance and can achieve a larger frequency band coverage.

[0089] Exemplarily, the side length b of the radiation unit 21 is, for example, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, etc. Optionally, the side length b of the radiation unit 21 is 3.8 mm.

[0090] Exemplarily, the value of the interval c between adjacent radiation units 21 is, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, etc. Optionally, the value of the interval c between adjacent radiation units 21 is 0.8 mm.

[0091] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 5 , in some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a feeding layer 4 , and the feeding layer 4 is located in parallel and spaced apart on a side of the reflective layer 3 away from the radiation layer 2 .

[0092] The feeding layer 4 includes at least one microstrip feeding line 41 , and the reflecting layer 3 includes at least one coupling slot 31 ; the orthographic projection of the at least one microstrip feeding line 41 along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the at least one coupling slot 31 along the first direction.

[0093] The feeding layer 4 is arranged on one side of the reflective layer 3, and the positions of the microstrip feeding line 41 and the coupling slot 31 partially overlap, so that the radiating layer 2 can be slot-coupled fed, so that the conduction of electric energy can be achieved when the radiating layer 2 is spaced from the feeding layer 4. The advantages of this feeding method are that high-speed transmission and low loss can be achieved, and the bandwidth of the antenna structure can be improved. The feeding layer 4 and the radiating layer 2 are separated on both sides of the floor (i.e., the reflective layer 3), and the radiation pattern is purer.

[0094] In the application scenarios of LDS antennas, problems such as small space and difficulty in stacking usually need to be faced. The antenna structure of this embodiment arranges the feeding layer 4 in parallel and at intervals on one side of the reflecting layer 3, and uses slot coupling feeding to couple and feed the radiating layer 2. There is no need to route along the stacking direction, which is beneficial to reducing the difficulty of laying the feeding line and improving the application scope of the antenna structure.

[0095] Exemplarily, the number of microstrip feed lines 41 of the feed layer 4 is, for example, one, two, three, etc. In another exemplary embodiment, the number of coupling slots 31 in the reflective layer 3 may also be one, two, three, etc. Optionally, the number and position of the microstrip feed lines 41 are the same as those of the coupling slots 31, and each microstrip feed line 41 corresponds to a coupling slot 31. However, it should be noted that the microstrip feed lines 41 and the coupling slots 31 are not necessarily in a one-to-one correspondence, but may also be a one-to-many or many-to-one relationship, which is not limited in the present application.

[0096] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the feed layer 4 further includes a feed substrate 42 , which is located parallel and spaced on the side where the second surface 102 of the support component 1 is located; at least one microstrip feed line 41 is located on the surface of the feed substrate 42 facing the support component 1 .

[0097] The feed layer 4 of this embodiment uses a feed substrate 42 to carry a microstrip feed line 41. The microstrip feed line 41 can be formed on the surface of the feed substrate 42 by etching, electroplating, printing, laser direct forming and other processes, thereby realizing coupled feeding of the antenna structure.

[0098] In some possible implementations, the feeding substrate 42 may be a circuit board or a dielectric substrate.

[0099] Among them, circuit boards include printed circuit boards (PCB), flexible printed circuit boards (FPC), rigid-flex boards, and the like.

[0100] The dielectric substrate can be made of any suitable dielectric material, and the dielectric material can be an organic dielectric material, a flame retardant grade dielectric material, a flame retardant grade dielectric material, a flame retardant grade dielectric material, a flame retardant grade dielectric material (FR-4), a bismaleimide triazine resin, a polyimide material, a glass reinforced epoxy matrix material, a high-k dielectric, a low-k or ultra-low-k dielectric (e.g., a carbon-doped dielectric, a fluorine-doped dielectric, a porous dielectric, and an organic polymer dielectric). The dielectric material can be silicon oxide or silicon nitride. The dielectric constant of the dielectric material can be between about 2.0 and about 3.2, for example, 2.2, and the loss angle is inscribed 0.0009.

[0101] Combination Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of at least one microstrip feed line 41 along the first direction perpendicularly intersects the orthographic projection of at least one coupling slot 31 along the first direction. When the orthographic projection of the microstrip feed line 41 perpendicularly intersects the orthographic projection of the coupling slot 31, the microstrip feed line 41 can couple and feed to the radiation layer 2 through the coupling slot 31, thereby realizing the slot coupling feeding function.

[0102] Combination Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the reflective layer 3 is square, the coupling slot 31 is rectangular, the centers of the reflective layer 3 and the coupling slot 31 coincide, the value range of the long side d1 of the coupling slot 31 is 5-11 mm, and the value range of the short side d2 of the coupling slot 31 is 1.5-2.5 mm. Thus, the microstrip feed line 41 and the coupling slot 31 can realize slot coupling feeding, and make the antenna structure have a larger working bandwidth and radiation efficiency.

[0103] Exemplarily, the value of the long side d1 of the coupling slot 31 is, for example, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, etc. Optionally, the value of the long side d1 of the coupling slot 31 is 8 mm.

[0104] In another exemplary embodiment, the short side d2 of the coupling gap 31 is, for example, 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.7 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.9 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.1 mm, 2.2 mm, 2.3 mm, 2.4 mm, 2.5 mm, etc. Optionally, the short side d2 of the coupling gap 31 is 2 mm.

[0105] Combination Figure 5 , 6 As shown, in some embodiments, at least one microstrip feed line 41 includes a first branch 411, a second branch 412 and a third branch 413, one end of the first branch 411 is connected to the feed source, the other end of the first branch 411 is connected to one end of the second branch 412, the other end of the second branch 412 is connected to one end of the third branch 413, and the other end of the third branch 413 is suspended.

[0106] The extension directions of the first branch 411 and the third branch 413 are parallel, and the first branch 411 and the third branch 413 intersect at a right angle to at least one coupling gap 31 .

[0107] The microstrip feed line 41 of the present embodiment is formed by connecting multiple branches in sequence, so that the feed matching adjustment can be achieved by adjusting the length, position and other parameters of each branch, thereby improving the bandwidth and radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0108] Combination Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the length e1 of the first branch 411 is in the range of 11.3-13.3 mm, the length e2 of the second branch 412 is in the range of 8.9-10.9 mm, and the length e3 of the third branch 413 is in the range of 7.9-9.9 mm. When the size of the microstrip feed line 41 meets the above value range, the working bandwidth of the antenna structure is large and the radiation efficiency is high.

[0109] Exemplarily, the length e1 of the first branch 411 is, for example, 11.3 mm, 11.5 mm, 11.7 mm, 11.9 mm, 12.1 mm, 12.3 mm, 12.5 mm, 12.7 mm, 12.9 mm, 13.1 mm, 13.3 mm, etc. Optionally, the length e1 of the first branch 411 is 12.3 mm.

[0110] In another exemplary embodiment, the length e2 of the second branch 412 is, for example, 8.9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.3 mm, 9.5 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.9 mm, 10.1 mm, 10.3 mm, 10.5 mm, 10.7 mm, 10.9 mm, etc. Optionally, the length e2 of the second branch 412 is 9.9 mm.

[0111] In another exemplary embodiment, the length e3 of the third branch 413 is, for example, 7.9 mm, 8.1 mm, 8.3 mm, 8.5 mm, 8.7 mm, 8.9 mm, 9.1 mm, 9.3 mm, 9.5 mm, 9.7 mm, 9.9 mm, etc. Optionally, the length e2 of the second branch 412 is 8.9 mm.

[0112] Combination Figure 1 , 2As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a guiding layer 5, which is located parallel and spaced on the side of the radiation layer 2 away from the reflective layer 3, and the orthographic projection of the guiding layer 5 along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation layer 2 along the first direction; the guiding layer 5 is at least one of a coating molding structure, a printing molding structure (Laser Restructured Print, LRP laser reconstruction printing), and a laser direct molding structure.

[0113] Since the radiation layer 2 will inevitably be affected by factors such as surface wave loss, which will lead to a decrease in directivity and radiation efficiency, the directivity parameters of the radiation layer 2 can be improved by arranging a guiding layer 5 on one side of the radiation layer 2, so that the main lobe area of ​​the antenna structure is directed in the direction of the layer 5, thereby improving the radiation performance of the antenna structure in this direction, and further improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.

[0114] Exemplarily, when the guiding layer 5 is a coating-molded structure, the guiding layer 5 is formed by brushing a silver paste material on the surface of the structure once or multiple times.

[0115] Combination Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the guiding layer 5 is square, and the side length of the guiding layer 5 ranges from 15 to 21 mm, so that the antenna structure has better radiation performance and can achieve a larger frequency band coverage.

[0116] Exemplarily, the side length a3 of the guiding layer 5 is, for example, 15 mm, 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, etc. Optionally, the side length a3 of the guiding layer 5 is 18 mm.

[0117] Combination Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the steering layer 5 includes at least two steering units 51, and the at least two steering units 51 are arranged in an array, so that the steering layer 5 forms a periodic structure. At least two steering units 51 are arranged periodically, and when the steering units 51 are placed at appropriate positions (within the radiation field of the antenna structure), the radiation field of the antenna structure can excite these steering units 51, thereby introducing a new resonant frequency different from the antenna resonant frequency for the antenna structure, thereby having the technical effect of broadening the working bandwidth.

[0118] Combination Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the guiding layer 5 includes at least two guiding units 51, each of which is square, the side length f of the guiding unit 51 is in the range of 3.5-4.1 mm, and the spacing g between adjacent guiding units 51 is in the range of 0.5-1.1 mm, so that the antenna structure has better radiation performance and can achieve a larger frequency band coverage.

[0119] Exemplarily, the side length f of the guiding unit 51 is, for example, 3.5 mm, 3.6 mm, 3.7 mm, 3.8 mm, 3.9 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.1 mm, etc. Optionally, the side length f of the guiding unit 51 is 3.8 mm.

[0120] Exemplarily, the value of the interval g between adjacent guiding units 51 is, for example, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, 0.9 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.1 mm, etc. Optionally, the value of the interval g between adjacent guiding units 51 is 0.8 mm.

[0121] In order to verify the working performance of the antenna structure provided by the embodiment of the present application, simulation tests were conducted on the S parameters and radiation efficiency of the antenna structure of the embodiment of the present application (referred to as the present embodiment in the figure). At the same time, the antenna structure of the embodiment after removing the guiding layer 5 (referred to as comparative example 1 in the figure) and the conventional LDS antenna (referred to as comparative example 2 in the figure) were used as comparative examples.

[0122] refer to Figure 8 It can be seen from the simulation test results of the S parameters shown that the bandwidth coverage of this embodiment is in the frequency range of 4.5GHz-6.0GHz, which is significantly improved compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2 in the frequency range of 5.3GHz-5.9GHz, and a peak occurs at around 5.38GHz.

[0123] refer to Fig. 9 It can be seen from the simulation test results of the radiation efficiency shown that the radiation efficiency of this embodiment is significantly improved compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2. On the basis of ensuring stable efficiency, the efficiency is improved by about 2dB in the frequency range of 5.3GHz-5.7GHz.

[0124] From the above, it can be seen that the antenna structure of this embodiment can achieve widening the working bandwidth of the LDS antenna and has a high and stable radiation efficiency within the target frequency band.

[0125] On the other hand, combined Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna structure of the present application and a shell 6; the bracket 1 is spaced apart on the inner side of the shell 6, the first surface 101 faces the inner wall of the shell 6, and the second surface 102 faces away from the inner wall of the shell 6.

[0126] The electronic device of this embodiment adopts the antenna structure of this application and has all the beneficial technical effects of all the embodiments of this invention. The electronic device of this embodiment realizes the arrangement of the LDS antenna in the housing 6 through the bracket 1, which is beneficial to improve the communication quality of the electronic device, save the stacking space inside the electronic device, and is beneficial to the development of the electronic device to be thin and light.

[0127] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the electronic device further includes a mainboard, which is located on the side where the second surface 102 of the bracket 1 is located, and the antenna structure includes a feed layer 4; the feed layer 4 is located on the surface of the mainboard facing the bracket 1. Arranging the feed layer 4 on the surface of the mainboard facing the bracket 1 can make full use of the original structure of the electronic device, save the stacking space inside the electronic device, and is conducive to realizing the lightness and thinness of the electronic device.

[0128] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises a mainboard, which is located on the side where the second surface 102 of the bracket 1 is located, and the feed layer 4 comprises at least one microstrip feed line 41 and a feed substrate 42, and at least the part where the mainboard overlaps with the reflective layer 3 forms the feed substrate 42, and at least one microstrip feed line 41 is located on the surface of the mainboard facing the bracket 1. In order to further improve the integration of the antenna structure and the electronic device, simplify the antenna structure, use the mainboard as the feed substrate 42, and directly arrange the microstrip feed line 41 on the surface of the mainboard, thereby saving the use of an additional feed substrate 42, reducing costs while improving the integration and structural reusability of the electronic device, which is conducive to saving stacking space and realizing the thinness of the electronic device.

[0129] Combination Figure 1 , 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the antenna structure includes a guiding layer 5, and the guiding layer 5 is located on the inner wall of the shell 6. The bracket 1 is close to the inner wall of the shell 6, so that the inner wall of the shell 6 can be used as the bearing surface of the guiding layer 5, saving the use of additional structural parts, reducing costs, and improving the integration and structural reusability of electronic equipment, which is conducive to saving stacking space and realizing the thinness of electronic equipment.

[0130] In some possible implementations, the housing 6 may be an exterior component made of a non-conductive material, such as a back cover or a battery cover of an electronic device.

[0131] In some possible implementations, the electronic device may also include a radio frequency (RF) circuit, a memory including one or more computer-readable storage media, an input unit, a display unit, a sensor, an audio circuit, a Wi-Fi module, a processor including one or more processing cores, and a power supply and other components.

[0132] Among them, the RF circuit can be used for receiving and sending signals during information transmission or calls. Exemplarily, the RF circuit is electrically connected to the antenna structure, for example, connected to the end of the first branch of the microstrip feeder line. In particular, after receiving the downlink information of the base station, the RF circuit is processed by one or more processors; in addition, the uplink data is sent to the base station. Generally, the RF circuit includes but is not limited to at least one amplifier, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card, a transceiver, a coupler, a low noise amplifier (Low Noise Amplifier, LNA), a duplexer, etc.

[0133] In addition, the RF circuit can also communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication. The wireless communication can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System of Mobilecommunication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), email, Short Messaging Service (SMS), etc.

[0134] It should be noted that the "several" and "at least one" mentioned in this article refer to one or more, and "multiple" and "at least two" refer to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0135] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0136] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "certain embodiments", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application.

[0137] The above description is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: The antenna structure comprises: a support member (1), a radiation layer (2) and a reflection layer (3); The support member (1) comprises a first surface (101) and a second surface (102) located in a first direction; At least one of the radiation layer (2) and the reflection layer (3) is a laser direct structuring structure, the radiation layer (2) is located on the first surface (101), and the reflection layer (3) is located on the second surface (102); The orthographic projection of the radiation layer (2) along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the reflection layer (3) along the first direction.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation layer (2) comprises at least two radiation units (21), and the at least two radiation units (21) are arranged in an array, so that the radiation layer (2) forms a periodic structure.

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the reflective layer (3) is greater than or equal to the area of ​​the radiation layer (2).

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reflective layer (3) and the radiation layer (2) are both square, and the side length a1 of the reflective layer (3) and the side length a2 of the radiation layer (2) are in the range of 15-21 mm; and / or, The radiation layer (2) comprises at least two radiation units (21), each of the radiation units (21) is square, the side length b of the radiation unit (21) is in the range of 3.5-4.1 mm, and the spacing c between adjacent radiation units (21) is in the range of 0.5-1.1 mm.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna structure further comprises a feeding layer (4), wherein the feeding layer (4) is located in parallel and spaced apart on a side of the reflecting layer (3) away from the radiating layer (2); The feeding layer (4) comprises at least one microstrip feeding line (41), and the reflecting layer (3) comprises at least one coupling slot (31); The orthographic projection of the at least one microstrip feeding line (41) along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the at least one coupling slot (31) along the first direction.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed layer (4) further comprises a feed substrate (42), wherein the feed substrate (42) is located in parallel and at intervals on the side where the second surface (102) of the support member (1) is located; The at least one microstrip feeding line (41) is located on a surface of the feeding substrate (42) facing the support member (1).

7. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The orthographic projection of the at least one microstrip feeding line (41) along the first direction intersects perpendicularly with the orthographic projection of the at least one coupling slot (31) along the first direction.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflective layer (3) is square, the coupling gap (31) is rectangular, the centers of the reflective layer (3) and the coupling gap (31) coincide with each other, the value range of the long side d1 of the coupling gap (31) is 5-11 mm, and the value range of the short side d2 of the coupling gap (31) is 1.5-2.5 mm.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The at least one microstrip feed line (41) comprises a first branch (411), a second branch (412) and a third branch (413), one end of the first branch (411) is connected to a feed source, the other end of the first branch (411) is connected to one end of the second branch (412), the other end of the second branch (412) is connected to one end of the third branch (413), and the other end of the third branch (413) is suspended; The extension directions of the first branch node (411) and the third branch node (413) are parallel, and the first branch node (411) and the third branch node (413) intersect the at least one coupling gap (31) perpendicularly.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The length e1 of the first branch (411) ranges from 11.3 to 13.3 mm, the length e2 of the second branch (412) ranges from 8.9 to 10.9 mm, and the length e3 of the third branch (413) ranges from 7.9 to 9.9 mm.

11. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The antenna structure further comprises a guiding layer (5), the guiding layer (5) being located in parallel and spaced relation on a side of the radiation layer (2) away from the reflection layer (3), and the orthographic projection of the guiding layer (5) along the first direction at least partially overlaps with the orthographic projection of the radiation layer (2) along the first direction; The guiding layer (5) is at least one of a coating forming structure, a printing forming structure, and a laser direct forming structure.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The guiding layer (5) comprises at least two guiding units (51), and the at least two guiding units (51) are arranged in an array, so that the guiding layer (5) forms a periodic structure.

13. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, and a housing (6); The support member (1) is spaced apart and located inside the shell (6), the first surface (101) faces the inner wall of the shell (6), and the second surface (102) faces away from the inner wall of the shell (6).

14. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The electronic device further comprises a mainboard, the mainboard being located on the side of the bracket (1) where the second surface (102) is located, and the antenna structure comprises a feeding layer (4); The feeding layer (4) is located on the surface of the main board facing the support member (1); and / or, The feed layer (4) comprises at least one microstrip feed line (41) and a feed substrate (42); at least a portion of the main board overlapping with the reflective layer (3) forms the feed substrate (42); and the at least one microstrip feed line (41) is located on a surface of the main board facing the support member (1).

15. The electronic device according to claim 13, characterized in that: The antenna structure comprises a guiding layer (5), and the guiding layer (5) is located on the inner wall of the shell (6).

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