Additive component, friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses an additive component, a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device and a method, the additive component has an axial direction and a feeding channel, the feeding channel penetrates through the additive component along the axial direction, an axial shoulder side facing a substrate is formed at one end of the additive component in the axial direction, a storage cavity is arranged in the additive component, the storage cavity is arranged around the circumference of the feeding channel, is communicated with the feeding channel, and is adjacent to the axial shoulder side. By arranging the storage cavity in the additive component, high-value transient shear strain is generated by the friction between the rotating rod material and the inner wall of the storage cavity, more friction and deformation heat are generated, so that the material can be thermoplastized in the storage cavity in advance before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the flowability of the material is improved, the hard and high-strength material is beneficial to application in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, the application range of the material is expanded, and the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer is also beneficial to strengthening and optimization of component forming.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing technology, in particular to an additive component, a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device and a method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, the feeding rod can only be hot-plasticized when it is directly rubbed and deformed with the substrate or the previous deposition layer, and the hot-plasticized area is immediately deposited on the substrate under the forging action of the shaft shoulder, that is, the material hot-plasticization and deposition are synchronized. However, in the above manufacturing process, the plastic deformation ability of high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard and high-strength materials is often poor, the material flowability is poor at the initial stage of hot-plasticization, and the direct formation of the deposition layer will cause weak connection defects due to insufficient material flow, resulting in poor deposition layer forming and low deposition efficiency. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide an additive component which can improve the flowability of the material at the initial stage of hot-plasticization of high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard and high-strength materials during the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, facilitate the formation of the deposition layer, and improve the deposition efficiency.

[0004] The present application also aims to provide a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device to apply the above-mentioned additive component.

[0005] The present application also aims to provide a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method to apply the above-mentioned additive component.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present application, an additive component for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device has an axial direction and a feeding channel, the feeding channel penetrates through the additive component along the axial direction, the additive component is formed with a shaft shoulder side facing the substrate at one end of the axial direction, a storage cavity is arranged in the additive component, the storage cavity is arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel and is in communication with the feeding channel, and is adjacent to the shaft shoulder side.

[0007] According to the additive component of the embodiment of the present application, in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, by arranging the material storage cavity in the additive component, high value instantaneous shear strain is generated between the inner wall of the material storage cavity and the rod when the rod rotates, so that the material can be thermoplastized in the material storage cavity in advance before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the flowability of the material is improved, the hard and high-strength material is beneficial to be applied to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, and the application range of the material can be expanded. Moreover, by using the additive component, the flowability of the material is better in the deposition stage, the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer is beneficial to be strengthened, the component forming is optimized, and the deposition efficiency is improved. In addition, the stability of the hard and high-strength material additive manufacturing process is also beneficial to be improved, and the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing demand of large structures is met.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the material storage cavity is an annular cavity arranged around the circumference of the feeding channel.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present application, the material storage cavity extends towards the direction close to the shaft shoulder side, and an opening is formed through the shaft shoulder side.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, from the direction of the feeding channel pointing to the shaft shoulder side, the circumferential side wall of the material storage cavity is arranged to be inclined to the side away from the feeding channel;

[0011] And a reference surface parallel to the axial direction is arranged, and an included angle α is arranged between the circumferential side wall of the material storage cavity and the reference surface, wherein 2 degrees ≤ α ≤ 10 degrees.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, the circumferential side wall of the material storage cavity is provided with a spiral groove, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove is the same as the rotation direction of the additive component.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the spiral groove is arranged in multiple along the axial direction, and the pitch between any two adjacent spiral grooves is L, wherein 0.4 mm ≤ L ≤ 2 mm.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the height of the material storage cavity in the axial direction is H, wherein 2 mm ≤ H ≤ 8 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present application, the additive component also has a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the depth of the material storage cavity in the radial direction relative to the feeding channel is T, wherein 2 mm ≤ T ≤ 5 mm.

[0016] According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device of the embodiment of the present application, the additive component is as any one of the preceding.

[0017] The stir friction deposition additive manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present application can improve the flowability of the hot plasticized initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing process, is conducive to the formation of the deposition layer, and improves the deposition efficiency. Moreover, it is also conducive to the application of the hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, and improves the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material, and is conducive to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0018] The stir friction deposition additive manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present application is manufactured by using the additive component according to any one of the preceding embodiments, and the method comprises: rotating the additive component at a preset rotating speed and stopping at a preset height position away from a base plate; feeding a rod into a feeding channel of the additive component and feeding along the axial direction at a preset speed, so that the rod is rubbed with the base plate and generates a hot plastic deformation; waiting for the deposition material of the hot plasticized area formed by the rod to fill the storage cavity; and making the additive component travel along a preset path.

[0019] The stir friction deposition additive manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present application can improve the flowability of the hot plasticized initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing process, is conducive to the formation of the deposition layer, and improves the deposition efficiency. Moreover, it is also conducive to the application of the hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, and improves the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material, and is conducive to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0020] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood from the following description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the additive component according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the additive component according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the additive component according to the embodiment of the present application; Figure 2

[0025] Figure 4 ​is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an additive component provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Reference signs:

[0028] 10, additive component; 101, feeding channel; 102, shoulder side; 103, storage cavity; 103a, open end; 1031, peripheral side wall; 1032, helical groove; 104, reference surface; 11, main body; 12, clamping portion. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present application, and should not be understood as limiting the present application.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0031] In addition, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features, for distinguishing the described features, without order, without light and heavy.

[0032] In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0033] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0034] Additive manufacturing of lightweight high-strength aluminum alloy is an effective means to meet the demand of lightweight, performance and structural design integrated manufacturing. Traditional additive manufacturing mainly uses electric arc, laser and electron beam as heat source to melt and solidify the wire or powder to form deposition layer. However, for high-strength aluminum alloy, there are problems such as loss of alloying elements, uneven microstructure and composition, and porosity and crack defects in the process of melting and solidification, which seriously hinder the industrial application of high-strength aluminum alloy additive manufacturing components.

[0035] Friction stir deposition additive manufacturing is a solid-phase additive manufacturing technology that generates thermal plasticization by high-speed rotating rod and substrate contact and plastic deformation, and forms deposition layer under the constraint of hollow stir head. The whole process does not involve material melting and solidification, effectively avoiding element loss and thermal crack defects, and is particularly suitable for additive manufacturing of lightweight high-strength materials such as aluminum and magnesium. The non-melting and large plastic deformation characteristics of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing also make the internal components present uniform and fine equiaxed grains, which is beneficial to the mechanical properties of the components.

[0036] It should be noted that in the process of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, only the area where the rotating rod directly rubs and deforms with the substrate or the previous deposition layer can be thermally plasticized, and this thermal plasticization area is immediately deposited on the substrate under the forging action of the shaft shoulder, that is, the material thermal plasticization and deposition are synchronized. For 2 series, 7 series and other high-strength aluminum alloys used in aerospace or other hard and high-strength materials, the plastic deformation ability is poor, the material flowability is poor at the initial stage of thermal plasticization, and the direct formation of deposition layer will lead to poor deposition layer forming due to insufficient material flow, and weak connection defects will also occur between the deposition layers due to insufficient material flow, and the deposition efficiency is low.

[0037] Referring to Figures 1-4 , a description is made of an additive component 10 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] An additive component 10 according to an embodiment of the present application is used in a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, the additive component 10 has an axial direction and a feeding channel 101, the feeding channel 101 penetrates through the additive component 10 along the axial direction, the additive component 10 is formed with a shaft shoulder side 102 facing the substrate at one end in the axial direction, and the additive component 10 is provided with a storage cavity 103, the storage cavity 103 is arranged around the circumference of the feeding channel 101 and is in communication with the feeding channel 101, and is adjacent to the shaft shoulder side 102.

[0039] The additive component 10 can refer to a component used for feeding in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, and its function can be referred to the stir head of friction welding, but its function is more abundant than the stir head.

[0040] The axial direction of the additive component 10 can refer to the length extension direction of the additive component 10. Referring to Figure 1When the additive component 10 feeds the rod material along the vertical direction, the axial direction of the additive component 10 can be the up-down direction of Figure 1 In the above embodiment, the shape of the additive component 10 as a whole can be, but is not limited to, a cylindrical shape or a polygonal prism shape, and the like, which is not specifically limited here. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 1 , the shape of the additive component 10 can be a cylindrical shape.

[0041] The feeding channel 101 of the additive component 10 can refer to a channel for conveying the rod material. The cross section of the feeding channel 101 perpendicular to the axial direction can be the same as or different from the shape of the rod material. For example, the rod material can be circular, and the cross section of the feeding channel 101 perpendicular to the axial direction can be, but is not limited to, circular or square, and the like, which is not described here. Exemplarily, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , the cross section of the feeding channel 101 perpendicular to the axial direction is square.

[0042] The shoulder side 102 can refer to the end of the additive component 10 facing the substrate, which can have a forging effect on the deposited material during the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process.

[0043] During the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, when the rod material is conveyed in the axial direction in the feeding channel 101, the rod material can be hot plastic deformed by friction with the substrate or the previous deposition layer. Since the storage cavity 103 is connected to the feeding channel 101, the storage cavity 103 can be used to store the deposited material in the hot plastic deformation area, so that the hot plastic deformed deposited material can be accumulated here, and the pre-deposited material can be preheated, further softening the pre-deposited material.

[0044] "the storage cavity 103 is arranged around the circumference of the feeding channel 101" can be understood as that the storage cavity 103 can be multiple, and the multiple storage cavities 103 are arranged along the circumference of the feeding channel 101, or the storage cavity 103 is an entire annular cavity, and is arranged concentrically with the feeding channel 101, which is not specifically limited in the above embodiment.

[0045] "the storage cavity 103 is adjacent to the shoulder side 102" can be understood as that the storage cavity 103 is arranged immediately adjacent to the shoulder side 102, and can have a small spacing between the shoulder side 102, or the storage cavity 103 penetrates the shoulder side 102 along the axial direction, which is not specifically limited in the above embodiment.

[0046] It should be noted that the additive component 10 can be understood as one of the components of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, which is used to convey the rod material for friction stir deposition additive manufacturing. The other components and operations of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device are known to those skilled in the art, which are not described here.

[0047] According to the additive component 10 of the embodiment of the present application, in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing process, by setting the storage cavity 103 in the additive component 10, using the high-value transient shear strain generated by the friction between the rotating rod and the inner wall of the storage cavity 103, more friction and deformation heat is generated, so that the material can be thermoplastized in the storage cavity 103 in advance before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the flowability of the material is improved, which is beneficial to the application of hard and high-strength materials (such as 2-series and 7-series high-strength aluminum alloys, etc.) in the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, and the application range of the materials can be expanded. Moreover, by using the additive component 10, the flowability of the material is better during the deposition stage, the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer is strengthened, the component forming is optimized, and the deposition efficiency is improved. In addition, it is also beneficial to improve the stability of the hard and high-strength material additive manufacturing process, and meet the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0048] On the other hand, since the material is thermoplastized in advance before deposition, the material has better flowability, and smaller torque can be applied to the rod during the deposition process, which is beneficial to reduce the required rod feeding torque in the axial direction, improve the deposition efficiency, reduce the equipment load of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, reduce energy consumption, and thus reduce the use cost.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , the storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity arranged around the periphery of the feeding channel 101.

[0050] The "annular cavity" can be, but is not limited to, a circular ring, a square ring, or a polygonal ring, etc. For example, referring to Figure 1 , the annular cavity is a circular ring.

[0051] It can be understood that by setting the storage cavity 103 as an annular cavity, the peripheral side of the storage cavity 103 can be in communication with the feeding channel 101, so that the peripheral side of the material before deposition can be preheated more comprehensively and uniformly, the occurrence of preheating dead angles on the peripheral side of the material before deposition can be reduced, the probability of affecting the flowability of the material due to the local flow stress not being effectively eliminated before deposition can be reduced, the flowability of the material can be further improved, and the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer can be further strengthened, and the component forming quality can be improved.

[0052] The storage cavity 103 as an annular cavity can also have a larger storage space in a limited space, which is beneficial to accommodate more thermoplastized materials and increase the heat in the storage cavity 103, so as to more fully preheat the material before deposition, further reduce the flow stress of the material, improve the flowability of the material, further strengthen the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer, and improve the component forming quality.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 3 The storage cavity 103 extends towards the shoulder side 102, and an opening 103a is formed through the shoulder side 102.

[0054] By forming the opening 103a through the shoulder side 102 of the storage cavity 103, the high-temperature thermoplastic material accumulated in the storage cavity 103 can eventually flow out of the feeding channel 101 together with the material before deposition, and finally be deposited on the substrate or the previous deposition layer, thereby being able to update the thermoplastic material in the storage cavity 103 in real time, and being conducive to keeping the storage cavity 103 at a high temperature at all times to preheat the material before deposition, thereby reducing the probability of poor material flowability due to insufficient preheating heat.

[0055] Secondly, in conventional friction stir deposition additive manufacturing devices, in order to promote the mixing of materials between deposition layers and strengthen the interface metallurgical bonding, a stirring pin is arranged at the position of the shoulder of the stirring head facing the substrate, and the stirring pin is generally arranged on both sides of the feeding channel. However, since the stirring pin is arranged eccentrically, the linear speed during the rotation and friction is high, which leads to high wear degree of the stirring pin during the deposition process. Moreover, the flow stress required by the hard and high-strength material in the initial thermoplastic stage is greater, which will further aggravate the wear of the stirring pin, seriously affecting the stability of the hard and high-strength material additive manufacturing process, and is not conducive to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures. By forming the opening 103a through the shoulder side 102 of the storage cavity 103, the flowability of the material can be increased while the stirring pin arranged at the shoulder side 102 of the additive component 10 can be omitted, thereby solving the problem of stirring pin wear, reducing the material and manufacturing costs, being conducive to improving the stability of the hard and high-strength material additive manufacturing process, and further meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3 From the direction of the feeding channel 101 pointing to the shoulder side 102, the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is arranged to be inclined to the side away from the feeding channel 101; and a reference surface 104 parallel to the axial direction is provided, and an included angle α is arranged between the peripheral side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 and the reference surface 104, wherein 2 degrees ≤ α ≤ 10 degrees.

[0057] In the above embodiment, α can be, but is not limited to, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 4 degrees, 5 degrees, 6 degrees, 7 degrees, 8 degrees, 9 degrees, 10 degrees, and the like.

[0058] It can be understood that, by setting the angle a between the peripheral wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 and the reference surface 104 in the above range, the peripheral wall 1031 can form a pushing force toward the shaft shoulder side 102 as the rod material is fed in the feeding channel 101, and the thermoplastic material in the storage cavity 103 can be more easily taken out of the storage cavity 103 with the rod material, avoiding the accumulation of thermoplastic material on the peripheral wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 to cause a blockage.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, the peripheral wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is provided with a spiral groove 1032, and the rotation direction of the spiral groove 1032 is the same as the rotation direction of the additive component 10. Figure 3

[0060] The rotation direction of the spiral groove 1032 can be adaptively adjusted according to the rotation direction of the additive component 10, and the spiral groove 1032 can be right-handed or left-handed.

[0061] In the above technical solution, by providing the spiral groove 1032 on the peripheral wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103, the contact area between the thermoplastic material and the peripheral wall 1031 can be increased, which is beneficial to increase the friction and deformation heat. Moreover, the spiral groove 1032 can also increase the deformation of the thermoplastic material during the rotation of the additive component 10, improve the pushing and extruding force of the thermoplastic material in the storage cavity 103 toward the shaft shoulder side 102, and facilitate the flow and deposition of the thermoplastic material toward the substrate or the previous deposition layer, which can further avoid the accumulation of the thermoplastic material on the peripheral wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103, and reduce the probability of blockage caused by continuous accumulation of material in the storage cavity 103.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present application, the spiral groove 1032 is provided in multiple along the axial direction, and the pitch between any two adjacent spiral grooves 1032 is L, wherein 0.4mm≤L≤2mm.

[0063] The "spiral groove 1032 is provided in multiple along the axial direction" can be understood as that the number of spiral grooves 1032 can be two, three, four, etc. For example, referring to Figure 3 , the spiral groove 1032 is provided in four along the axial direction.

[0064] In the above embodiments, L can be, but is not limited to, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, 0.9mm, 1mm, 1.1mm, 1.2mm, 1.4mm, 1.5mm, 1.6mm, 1.7mm, 1.8mm, 1.9mm, 2mm, etc.

[0065] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3 ​The height of the storage cavity 103 in the axial direction is H, where 2mm≤H≤8mm.

[0066] H can be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, 4mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 5.5mm, 6mm, 6.5mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, 8mm, etc.

[0067] It can be understood that by setting the height H of the storage cavity 103 in the axial direction within the above range, the storage cavity 103 can have a suitable height, and the thermoplasticized material in the storage cavity 103 can have a larger contact area height with the material before deposition, which is conducive to the thermoplasticized material in the storage cavity 103 to sufficiently preheat the material before deposition, and is conducive to further reducing the flow stress of the material and improving the flowability of the material.

[0068] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 3 , the additive component 10 also has a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the depth of the storage cavity 103 in the radial direction relative to the feeding channel 101 is T, where 2mm≤T≤5mm.

[0069] T can be, but is not limited to, 2mm, 2.2mm, 2.4mm, 2.6mm, 2.8mm, 3mm, 3.2mm, 3.4mm, 3.6mm, 3.8mm, 4mm, 4.2mm, 4.4mm, 4.6mm, 4.8mm, 5mm, etc.

[0070] It can be understood that by setting the depth T of the storage cavity 103 in the radial direction relative to the feeding channel 101 within the above range, the storage cavity 103 can have a larger storage space, which can accommodate more thermoplasticized material, thereby storing more heat, and further enhancing the preheating effect on the material before deposition.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the additive component 10 includes a main body part 11 and a clamping part 12, the clamping part 12 is arranged on one axial side of the main body part 11 and is arranged annularly around the circumference of the main body part 11. By arranging the clamping part 12, the clamping part 12 can be fixed by a locking nut and a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, and the additive component 10 is convenient to install into the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device.

[0072] A specific embodiment of the additive component 10 of the present application is described below.

[0073] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the additive component 10 is used for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, the additive component 10 has an axial direction and a feeding channel 101, the feeding channel 101 penetrates through the additive component 10 along the axial direction, the additive component 10 is formed with a shoulder side 102 facing a substrate at one end of the axial direction, and the additive component 10 is provided with a storage cavity 103, the storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel 101 and is communicated with the feeding channel 101. And the storage cavity 103 extends in the axial direction to the direction close to the shoulder side 102, and the storage cavity 103 is formed with an opening 103a penetrating through the shoulder side 102.

[0074] From the direction of the feeding channel 101 pointing to the shoulder side 102, the circumferential side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is arranged to be inclined to the side away from the feeding channel 101. The circumferential side wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103 is also provided with a spiral groove 1032, and the spiral direction of the spiral groove 1032 is the same as the rotation direction of the additive component 10. With this arrangement, the thermoplastic material in the storage cavity 103 is transmitted downward under the action of the feeding axial force and the circumferential side wall 1031 and the spiral groove 1032 of the storage cavity 103, and finally forms a new dense and uniform deposition layer on the substrate or the previous deposition layer under the forging action of the shoulder side 102, and finally realizes the additive manufacturing of the component.

[0075] In the above embodiment, by arranging the storage cavity 103 in the additive component 10, high instantaneous shear strain can be generated between the rod and the inner wall of the storage cavity 103 when the rod rotates, so that the material can be thermoplasticized in the storage cavity 103 in advance before deposition, the flow stress of the material is reduced, the flowability of the material is improved, and the application of hard and high-strength materials (such as 2 series, 7 series high-strength aluminum alloy, etc.) to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing is facilitated, which can expand the application range of the materials. Moreover, by using the additive component 10, the flowability of the material is better during the deposition stage, the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow can be reduced, the interface metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer is facilitated, the component forming is optimized, and the deposition efficiency is improved.

[0076] Since the material is thermoplasticized in advance before deposition, the material has better flowability, which is also beneficial to reduce the rod feeding torque required during the axial feeding process, improve the deposition efficiency, reduce the equipment load of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, reduce the energy consumption, and reduce the use cost. The additive component 10 with the above structure can also improve the stability of the additive manufacturing process of hard and high-strength materials, and facilitate the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0077] According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device provided by the embodiment of the present application, the additive component 10 is used for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, the additive component 10 has an axial direction and a feeding channel 101, the feeding channel 101 penetrates through the additive component 10 along the axial direction, the additive component 10 is formed with a shoulder side 102 facing a substrate at one end of the axial direction, and the additive component 10 is provided with a storage cavity 103, the storage cavity 103 is an annular cavity arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel 101 and is communicated with the feeding channel 101. And the storage cavity 103 extends in the axial direction to the direction close to the shoulder side 102, and the storage cavity 103 is formed with an opening 103a penetrating through the shoulder side 102.

[0078] The stir friction deposition additive manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present application can improve the flowability of the hot plasticized initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing process, is conducive to the formation of the deposition layer, and improves the deposition efficiency. Moreover, it is also conducive to the application of the hard high-strength material in the stir friction deposition additive manufacturing, can expand the application range of the material, and improve the stability of the additive manufacturing process of the hard high-strength material, and is conducive to meeting the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0079] The stir friction deposition additive manufacturing method according to the embodiment of the present application is manufactured by using the additive component 10 according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, and the method comprises the following steps. Figure 5

[0080] In step S1, the additive component 10 is rotated at a preset rotating speed and is stopped at a preset height position away from the substrate.

[0081] In the above step, the preset rotating speed can be set according to actual needs, so that the additive component 10 and the rod can be rotated at a high speed. In this step, the raw material rod enters the hollow feeding channel 101 of the additive component 10 and can be rotated at a high speed cooperatively with the additive component 10, and is transmitted downward under the axial rod feeding torque.

[0082] For example, the rod can be a circular rod or a square rod, the diameter is 5mm-30mm, the length is 100mm-1000mm, and the material can include but is not limited to 2, 7 series high-strength aluminum, magnesium light alloy, and high-melting-point high-strength materials such as copper, titanium, and steel. The size of the rod is slightly smaller than the size of the feeding channel 101, and the downward feeding speed of the rod can be 1mm / s-30mm / s.

[0083] In step S2, the rod is fed into the feeding channel 101 of the additive component 10 and is fed in the axial direction at a preset speed, so that the rod is rubbed with the substrate and is hot plastic deformed.

[0084] It can be understood that, after the raw material rod contacts the substrate, the raw material rod is deformed by friction with the substrate and is hot plastic deformed, so as to move and deposit in the gap between the shaft shoulder side 102 and the substrate. The gap between the shaft shoulder side 102 and the substrate or the previous deposition layer is the thickness of the deposition layer, which can be set to 0.5mm-4mm.

[0085] In step S3, the deposition material of the hot plasticized area formed by the rod fills the storage cavity 103.

[0086] ​Due to the constraint of the deposited material and the accumulation of the friction deformation heat, the hot plasticization region of the raw material rod becomes larger and larger, and accumulates in the storage cavity 103, further generates instantaneous shear strain with the circumferential wall 1031 of the storage cavity 103, until the hot plastic material completely fills the storage cavity 103. That is, the raw material is hot plasticized in advance by friction and plastic deformation heat before deposition and temporarily stored in the storage cavity 103. In this way, the hot plasticized material in the storage cavity 103 can pre-plasticize the material before deposition, soften the material in advance before deposition, and increase the flowability of the material.

[0087] Step S4, the additive part 10 travels along the preset path.

[0088] It can be understood that the additive part 10 travels along the preset path, and in the process of traveling, high-value instantaneous shear strain can be generated between the rod and the inner wall of the storage cavity 103 when the rod rotates, so that the material can be hot plasticized in advance in the storage cavity 103 before deposition, reduce the flow stress of the material, improve the flowability of the material, and also reduce the probability of weak connection defects caused by insufficient material flow, which is beneficial to strengthen the metallurgical bonding of the deposition layer interface, optimize the component forming, and improve the deposition efficiency.

[0089] According to the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the flowability of the hot plasticized initial material of the high-strength aluminum alloy or other hard and high-strength material can be improved in the process of friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, which is beneficial to the formation of the deposition layer and improves the deposition efficiency. Moreover, it is also beneficial to the application of hard and high-strength materials in friction stir deposition additive manufacturing, which can expand the application range of materials and improve the stability of the additive manufacturing process of hard and high-strength materials, and is beneficial to meet the high-quality and high-efficiency manufacturing requirements of large structures.

[0090] Other configurations and operations of the friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device according to the embodiment of the present application are known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0091] In the description of the present specification, the description of the terms "some embodiments", "optionally", "further", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0092] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The scope of the application is not to be limited by the embodiments shown and described, but only by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An additive component for a friction stir deposition additive manufacturing device, comprising: The additive component has an axial direction and a feeding channel penetrating through the additive component along the axial direction, one end of the additive component in the axial direction is formed with a shoulder side facing a substrate, the additive component is provided with a storage cavity, the storage cavity is arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel and is in communication with the feeding channel, and is adjacent to the shoulder side; The storage cavity extends towards the direction close to the shoulder side and is formed with an open end penetrating through the shoulder side; From the direction of the feeding channel pointing to the shoulder side, the circumferential wall of the storage cavity is arranged to be inclined to the side away from the feeding channel; and with reference to a reference surface parallel to the axial direction, an included angle α is arranged between the circumferential wall of the storage cavity and the reference surface, wherein 2 degrees ≤ α ≤ 10 degrees; The circumferential wall of the storage cavity is provided with a spiral groove, the rotation direction of the spiral groove is the same as the rotation direction of the additive component; the spiral groove is arranged in multiple along the axial direction, and the pitch between any two adjacent spiral grooves is L, wherein 0.4mm ≤ L ≤ 2mm; The height of the storage cavity in the axial direction is H, wherein 2mm ≤ H ≤ 8mm; the additive component also has a radial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the depth of the storage cavity in the radial direction relative to the feeding channel is T, wherein 2mm ≤ T ≤ 5mm.

2. The additively manufactured component of claim 1, wherein, The storage cavity is an annular cavity arranged around the circumferential direction of the feeding channel.

3. A friction stir deposition additive manufacturing apparatus, comprising: The additive component as claimed in claim 1 or 2.

4. A friction stir deposition additive manufacturing method, characterized by, The additive component as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is used for manufacturing, and the method comprises: The additive component is rotated at a preset rotation speed and stays at a preset height position away from the substrate; The rod is fed into the feeding channel of the additive component and is fed along the axial direction at a preset speed, so that the rod is rubbed with the substrate and generates thermoplastic deformation; The additive component is moved along a preset path. The additive component as claimed in claim 1 or 2.

Images