Cargo handling mechanism, method and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a cargo loading and unloading mechanism, method and vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of cargo loading and unloading, and comprises a rack and a turnover loading and unloading part, the rack is provided with a supporting guide rail and a supporting part, the turnover loading and unloading part comprises a turnover loading and unloading main body, a first turnover wheel and a second turnover wheel, the axial center line of the first turnover wheel is parallel to the axial center line of the second turnover wheel, and the supporting part can support the first turnover wheel; the turnover loading and unloading part can rotate around the center of the first turnover wheel under the driving of external force, the first turnover wheel can be separated from the supporting part, the supporting guide rail can support the second turnover wheel, the turnover loading and unloading part can rotate around the center of the second turnover wheel under the action of external force, and can slide along the supporting guide rail. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism can improve the convenience of cargo loading and unloading, is beneficial to better saving of labor cost, saves time and labor when a staff member loads and unloads cargo, and can increase the function of a vehicle when applied to the vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cargo loading and unloading technology, and in particular to a cargo loading and unloading mechanism. The invention also relates to a cargo loading and unloading method, and a vehicle equipped with the cargo loading and unloading mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of the Internet, the express delivery industry has experienced rapid development, and unmanned delivery vehicles have emerged. However, the unmanned delivery vehicles on the market now generally require external loading and unloading equipment, such as forklifts, for loading and unloading of cages.

[0003] This method of loading and unloading cages requires additional forklifts, occupies a large amount of operating space, is inconvenient to operate, has low loading and unloading efficiency, and affects express delivery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to provide a cargo loading and unloading mechanism to facilitate the loading and unloading of cargo.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A cargo loading and unloading mechanism includes a frame and a tilting loading and unloading section;

[0007] The frame is equipped with support rails and support components;

[0008] The tilting loading and unloading unit includes a tilting loading and unloading body for carrying goods, and a first tilting wheel and a second tilting wheel pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body, wherein the axial center line of the first tilting wheel and the axial center line of the second tilting wheel are parallel.

[0009] The support portion can support the first tilting wheel; the tilting loading and unloading body can be driven by an external force to rotate around the center of the first tilting wheel, the first tilting wheel can disengage from the support portion, and the support rail can support the second tilting wheel. The tilting loading and unloading body can rotate around the center of the second tilting wheel under the action of an external force and can slide along the support rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the frame is provided with a support rail, and the tilting loading and unloading body is provided with a support wheel; when the tilting loading and unloading body is tilted onto the frame, the support rail can support the support wheel, so that the support wheel and the second tilting wheel jointly support the tilting loading and unloading body.

[0011] Furthermore, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a linkage mechanism, which includes a driven rod and a driving rod pivotally connected. The portion of the driven rod away from the driving rod is pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body. A power mechanism is provided on the frame, and the power output end of the power mechanism is connected to the driving rod to drive the driving rod to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail.

[0012] Furthermore, there are multiple support rails, and multiple second tilting wheels are arranged to match the support rails. The multiple support rails are arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails. The axial direction of the drive rod is orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails. The driven rods are multiple rods that are pivotally connected to the drive rod and the tilting loading and unloading body, respectively. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a limiting guide rail fixedly arranged relative to the frame. The drive rod is provided with multiple guide wheels. The limiting guide rail and the guide wheels correspond one-to-one with the support rails. Each guide wheel is respectively located between the corresponding limiting guide rail and the support rail.

[0013] Furthermore, a first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame and the drive rod, the first limiting mechanism being used to limit the sliding limit position of the drive rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the power mechanism includes a lead screw assembly, which includes a lead screw and a lead screw nut connected by a screw thread. The lead screw is rotatably mounted on the frame, and the lead screw nut is connected to the drive rod. The power mechanism also includes a motor mounted on the frame and a reducer driven by the motor. The lead screw is driven by the power output end of the reducer. And / or, the power mechanism also includes a crank handle, which is driven by the lead screw. When the crank handle is rotated, it can drive the lead screw to rotate.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the support guide rail is provided with a stop mechanism, the stop mechanism including an adjustment unit and a stop block pulsatingly connected to the adjustment unit; the adjustment unit can drive the stop block to move along the length direction of the support guide rail, the stop block is used to limit the position of the second tilting wheel in the length direction of the support guide rail, before the support guide rail supports the second tilting wheel, the second tilting wheel can be embedded in the stop block; and / or, a second limiting structure is provided between the frame and the tilting loading and unloading body, the second limiting structure is used to limit the position of the tilting loading and unloading body relative to the frame in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail.

[0016] Furthermore, a fixing mechanism is pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body, and a reset member is provided between the fixing mechanism and the tilting loading and unloading body; the fixing mechanism includes a pressure-bearing part and a clamping part connected together, the cargo loaded on the tilting loading and unloading body applies pressure to the pressure-bearing part, the clamping part can hold the cargo tightly, and the reset member stores energy; when the cargo removes the pressure on the pressure-bearing part, the reset member releases energy, which can drive the fixing mechanism to reset.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0018] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism of this invention uses a frame as the supporting structure for the entire mechanism, providing necessary stability and strength. A support guide rail is mounted on the frame to guide the tilting and unloading body within a certain range of sliding, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the tilting and unloading body during tilting and sliding. A support section is also mounted on the frame to support the first tilting wheel and facilitates the tilting and unloading body's tilting at specific stages, ensuring stable tilting action. Both the first and second tilting wheels are pivotally connected to the tilting and unloading body, with their axial center lines parallel, enabling continuous tilting and sliding actions of the tilting and unloading body. When applied to vehicles, this cargo loading and unloading mechanism improves the convenience of cargo loading and unloading, saving time and effort for workers.

[0019] The cargo loading and unloading method described in this invention has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned cargo loading and unloading mechanism compared to the prior art, and will not be repeated here.

[0020] Meanwhile, another object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle equipped with the cargo loading and unloading mechanism described above.

[0021] The vehicle described in this invention, by applying the above-mentioned cargo loading and unloading mechanism, can improve the convenience of cargo loading and unloading, which is conducive to saving labor costs. Moreover, it saves time and effort for workers when loading and unloading cargo, thus having good practicality. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the unmanned delivery vehicle described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the frame described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the power unit described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the lead screw described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is an isometric view of the flip-over loading and unloading section described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is an isometric view of the tilting loading and unloading body described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an isometric view of the fixing mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is an isometric view of the flip-over loading and unloading unit at the first position on the frame according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is an isometric view of the flip-over loading and unloading part at the second position on the frame according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is an isometric view of the flip-over loading and unloading unit at the third position on the frame according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is an isometric view of the flip-over loading and unloading unit at the fourth position on the frame according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-loaded cargo state as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the flipping and unloading body's flipping shaft replacement state according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the flipping loading and unloading body after it has been flipped, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram showing the state of the overturning loading and unloading body after loading into the vehicle, as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the change of the flipping lever arm during the flipping process of the loading and unloading body as described in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0042] A. Unmanned delivery vehicle; B. Cargo handling unit; C. Cargo loading and unloading mechanism; D. Cargo;

[0043] 100. Frame; 200. Power mechanism; 300. Tilting and loading / unloading unit;

[0044] 1. Support frame; 2. Drive shaft support seat; 3. Support bearing; 4. Reducer mounting seat; 5. First lead screw support seat; 6. Support guide rail; 7. First support rail; 8. Limiting guide rail; 9. Second lead screw support seat; 10. Stop block; 11. Adjustment unit; 12. Support plate; 13. Support body; 14. Second limiting structure; 15. Second support rail; 16. First limiting structure;

[0045] 20. Reducer; 21. First synchronous pulley; 22. Second synchronous pulley; 23. Synchronous belt; 24. Motor; 25. Motor mounting plate; 26. Drive pulley; 27. Driven pulley; 28. Lead screw; 29. ​​Lead nut;

[0046] 2801, First shaft segment; 2802, First shaft head; 2803, Second shaft segment; 2804, Second shaft head;

[0047] 30. Drive rod; 31. Driven rod; 32. Guide wheel; 33. Handle; 34. Drive shaft; 35. Tilting loading and unloading body; 36. First tilting shaft; 37. First tilting wheel; 38. Second tilting wheel; 39. Support wheel;

[0048] 3501, Bearing unit; 3502, First tilting wheel assembly; 3503, Second tilting wheel assembly; 3504, Pivot shaft assembly; 3505, Support wheel assembly; 3506, Fixing mechanism assembly; 3507, First spring mounting hole; 3508, Frame body; 3509, Protective unit;

[0049] 40. Fixing mechanism; 41. Resetting component; 42. Rotating shaft; 43. Pivoting shaft; 44. Pressure-bearing part; 45. Clamping part; 46. First reinforcing plate; 47. Second reinforcing plate;

[0050] 4001, Pressure block; 4002, Rotary shaft mounting part; 4003, Clamping block; 4004, Second spring mounting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0051] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "connector" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in light of the specific circumstances.

[0054] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] This embodiment relates to a cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, which is used to realize the flipping and sliding action of the flipping loading and unloading unit 300. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is applied to a vehicle, which can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D, and save time and effort for workers when loading and unloading cargo D.

[0057] Based on the above design concept, the structure of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C in the application state of this embodiment is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C in this embodiment can be used on vehicles. Specifically, in this embodiment, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is applied to an unmanned express delivery vehicle A as an example, and the cargo D is a cage as an example. The bottom of the cage is equipped with rollers, allowing workers to easily push the cage onto the carrying unit 3501 described below. It should be understood that the cargo D can be, in addition to the cage, other items to be loaded and unloaded, or a container for loading and unloading items. Besides being applied to vehicles, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C can also be used in other situations where the cargo D needs to be lifted to a certain height before being moved.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is installed on the cargo section B of the unmanned delivery vehicle A. The cargo section B is a component used to load goods D. In this embodiment, the cargo section B is specifically an open cargo box at the top. It should be understood that the vehicle using this cargo loading and unloading mechanism C can be not only the unmanned delivery vehicle A, but also other vehicles, such as flatbed trucks, in which case the cargo section B is a cargo flatbed.

[0059] For example, the vehicle could be another type of box truck. In this case, the upper part of the cargo section B could be equipped with a top cover. In order to facilitate the loading and unloading of cargo D by the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, the top cover should be able to open and close the opening at the top of the cargo box. For example, one end of the top cover is pivotally connected to one end of the opening at the top of the cargo box, and the other end of the top cover is equipped with a quick-release locking device between it and the cargo box.

[0060] like Figure 2 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C mainly includes a frame 100 and a tilting loading and unloading section 300. The frame 100 is provided with a support guide rail 6 and a support section. The tilting loading and unloading section 300 includes a tilting loading and unloading body 35 for carrying cargo D, and a first tilting wheel 37 and a second tilting wheel 38 pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body 35. The axial center line of the first tilting wheel 37 and the axial center line of the second tilting wheel 38 are parallel.

[0061] like Figure 7 As shown, the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is provided with a first tilting wheel assembly part 3502 and a second tilting wheel assembly part 3503. Both the first tilting wheel assembly part 3502 and the second tilting wheel assembly part 3503 specifically include a mounting block provided on the frame 100 and mounting holes provided on the mounting block. The number of mounting holes can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited here. The first tilting wheel 37 is assembled at the first tilting wheel assembly part 3502, and the second tilting wheel 38 is assembled at the second tilting wheel assembly part 3503.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, when the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is vertical at one end of the frame 100, the axial center line of the first tilting wheel 37 is lower than the axial center line of the second tilting wheel 38. Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the support portion can support the first tilting wheel 37. At this time, the support portion supports the tilting loading and unloading portion 300, or the tilting loading and unloading portion 300 and the goods D contained therein. The tilting loading and unloading body 35 can be driven by an external force to rotate around the center of the first tilting wheel 37. The first tilting wheel 37 can disengage from the support portion, and the support guide rail 6 can support the second tilting wheel 38. The tilting loading and unloading body 35 can rotate around the center of the second tilting wheel 38 under the action of an external force and can slide along the support guide rail 6.

[0063] In the above structure, the frame 100 serves as the supporting structure for the entire cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, providing necessary stability and strength. The support guide rail 6 is mounted on the frame 100 to guide the tilting loading and unloading body 35 to slide within a certain range, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 during tilting and sliding. The support part is also mounted on the frame 100 to support the first tilting wheel 37 and facilitate the tilting of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 at specific stages, ensuring the stable operation of the tilting action. The first tilting wheel 37 and the second tilting wheel 38 are both pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body 35, with their axial center lines parallel, used to realize the tilting and sliding action of the tilting loading and unloading body 35.

[0064] To better understand the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C in this embodiment, please refer to the following: Figure 3 The structure of the frame 100 will be described. In this embodiment, the frame 100 specifically includes a ring-shaped support frame 1, on which a support rail 6 is fixed. When arranged on a vehicle, the support rail 6 extends along the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, there are two support rails 6, both of which extend along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and are spaced apart along the left and right direction of the vehicle, so as to facilitate the stable support of the flipping loading and unloading part 300.

[0066] It should be noted that the frame 100 in this embodiment can be integrated with the cargo section B of the vehicle into a single structure, or the frame 100 can be manufactured separately and then fixed to the cargo section B. The fixing method can be either detachable or non-detachable.

[0067] Continue to refer to Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned support portion is specifically arranged near one end of the support frame 1 and fixed to the support frame 1. In a preferred embodiment, the support portion includes a support body 13 and a support plate 12. Specifically, the support body 13 is fixed to the support frame 1 and has a support groove with a "U" shaped cross-section. The support plate 12 is embedded in the bottom of the support groove.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the sidewalls on both sides of the support groove are arc-shaped. The reason for this design is that, on the one hand, the first flipping wheel 37 can be embedded in the support groove, and the sidewalls on both sides of the support groove can better fit with the outer peripheral wall of the first flipping wheel 37. During the flipping process of the loading and unloading body 35, the first flipping wheel 37 can be effectively prevented from falling out of the support groove.

[0069] Furthermore, since the support plate 12 may support the total weight of the entire tilting and unloading section 300 and the goods D on it, the support section bears a large pressure. It is preferably made of a material with high hardness, so as to protect the support body 13 and make it easy to replace when the support plate 12 is worn or damaged.

[0070] It should also be noted that when the tilting and unloading unit 300 is arranged vertically at one end of the frame 100, initially, the tilting and unloading main body 35 is supported by the ground, and a small gap is provided in the vertical direction between the lower side of the second tilting wheel 38 and the bottom wall of the support groove of the support body 13. After the tilting and unloading main body 35 rotates counterclockwise by a certain angle, all the weight of the tilting and unloading main body 35 and the cargo D on it is supported by the support. The purpose of setting the gap is to reduce the torque required for the initial start-up of the motor 24, which is conducive to the smooth loading process of cargo D.

[0071] Next, refer to Figures 6 to 7 The structure of the tilting and unloading body 35 will be described. In this embodiment, the tilting and unloading body 35 includes a ring-shaped frame body 3508, a bearing unit 3501 disposed at one end of the frame body 3508, and a protective unit 3509 disposed on the frame body 3508.

[0072] More specifically, the main frame 3508 is formed by profiles enclosing a ring shape, combined with... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, when the frame body 3508 is flipped over and placed horizontally on the rack 100, the frame body 3508 supports the cargo D. And combined with... Figure 9 As shown, when the flip-loading unit 300 is in a vertical position at one end of the frame 100, the weight of the cargo D is borne by the bearing unit 3501.

[0073] Still refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the bearing unit 3501 specifically includes two bearing beams, as in the tilting and unloading section 300. Figure 9 When the two load-bearing beams are arranged vertically at one end of the frame 100, they are spaced apart along the left-right direction of the vehicle and extend along the front-back direction of the vehicle. Specifically, one end of the load-bearing beam is fixed to the frame body 3508, and the other end extends away from the frame body 3508.

[0074] It should be noted that when the support part supports the first tilting wheel 37, that is, the tilting loading and unloading part 300, in a vertical arrangement, the cargo D inside the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is supported by the bearing unit 3501. At this time, the protective unit 3509 is placed at least on one side of the cargo D to prevent the cargo D from falling off the tilting loading and unloading part 300.

[0075] In this embodiment, the protective unit 3509 includes three protective beams, which are combined in a "door" shape. The protective unit 3509 and the frame body 3508 are arranged at a distance along the extension direction of the support beam, and the lower ends of the two protective beams on both sides of the protective unit 3509 are connected to the support beam.

[0076] It should be noted that, to ensure the overall structural strength, a reinforcing structure, such as reinforcing beams, can be provided between the protective unit 3509 and the frame body 3508. The two ends of the reinforcing beams are connected to the protective unit 3509 and the frame body 3508, respectively. Preferably, there are multiple reinforcing beams, which are distributed circumferentially around the frame body 3508 at intervals, either evenly or unevenly. Furthermore, the above-described structure of the tilting and unloading body 35 is merely an exemplary structure; it can, of course, be configured with other structures to facilitate the loading and unloading of goods D.

[0077] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the frame 100 is equipped with support rails, such as Figure 6 As shown, the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is equipped with support wheels 39, such as Figure 11 As shown, when the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is tilted onto the frame 100, the support rail can support the support wheel 39 so that the support wheel 39 and the second tilting wheel 38 jointly support the tilting loading and unloading body 35.

[0078] Here, the support wheel 39 is mounted on the tilting loading and unloading body 35 and contacts the support rail when the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is tilted to the frame 100, thereby providing an additional support point for the tilting loading and unloading body 35. This helps to distribute the weight of the tilting loading and unloading body 35, improve the stability of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 during sliding operation, and reduce the friction between the tilting loading and unloading body 35 and the frame 100.

[0079] It should be noted that, in the preferred embodiment, there are two support wheels 39 and two support rails, such as... Figure 3 The first support rail 7 and the second support rail 15 shown are arranged with their length directions aligned with the length direction of the support guide rail 6, and are spaced apart along a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6. Preferably, the support guide rail 6 on the corresponding side of each of the two support rails is arranged close to the center of the bracket to facilitate overall arrangement.

[0080] like Figure 7 As shown, support wheel assembly parts 3505 are respectively provided on the top of both sides of the frame body 3508. In terms of specific structure, each support wheel assembly part 3505 is a support wheel assembly plate fixed on the frame body 3508. The support wheel 39 can be assembled on the support wheel assembly plate through its own mounting bracket. The support wheel assembly plate and the mounting bracket are respectively provided with mounting holes. The mounting bracket and the support wheel assembly plate can be connected by bolt pairs passing through the mounting holes.

[0081] It should be understood that the support wheels 39 and the support rails are set in a corresponding manner, and the number of support wheels 39 and support rails can also be set to other numbers, such as one, three, five, etc. It should also be noted that the distance between the arrangement position of the support wheels 39 and the first tilting wheel 37 along the height direction of the frame body 3508 (the vertical direction when the frame body 3508 is arranged vertically) is relatively large, which is conducive to the stable support of the tilting loading and unloading part 300.

[0082] To facilitate the rotation of the drive tilting loading and unloading unit 300, as a preferred embodiment, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C also includes a linkage mechanism. In this embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a driven rod 31 and a driving rod 30 that are pivotally connected. The part of the driven rod 31 that is away from the driving rod 30 is pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body 35.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, a power mechanism 200 is provided on the frame 100. The power output end of the power mechanism 200 is connected to the drive rod 30 to drive the drive rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6. Here, the power mechanism 200 is responsible for driving the drive rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6. This sliding motion can be converted into the flipping or sliding action of the flipping loading and unloading body 35 through a linkage mechanism, thereby realizing the loading, unloading and position adjustment of the goods D.

[0084] The power mechanism 200 enables automatic loading and unloading of cargo D, which helps to save labor costs. When applied to vehicles, it improves loading efficiency without the need for additional loading and unloading equipment. Cargo D occupies little operating space during loading and unloading. This vehicle is used for logistics distribution, which helps to improve the competitiveness of logistics distribution.

[0085] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple support rails 6, such as... Figure 6 As shown, multiple second-turning wheels 38 are arranged to match the support rails 6. The multiple support rails 6 are arranged at intervals orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails 6 to facilitate the smooth turning and sliding of the turning and unloading part 300. In this embodiment, there are two support rails 6 and two second-turning wheels 38. It should be understood that the number of support rails 6 and second-turning wheels 38 can also be other values, such as three or four.

[0086] Still refer to Figure 4 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, the axial direction of the drive rod 30 is orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6, and the driven rods 31 are multiple rods that are pivotally connected to the drive rod 30 and the tilting loading and unloading body 35 respectively. In this embodiment, both ends of the drive rod 30 are provided with driven rods 31, and each of the two driven rods 31 is pivotally connected at one end to the tilting loading and unloading body 35 and at the other end to the drive rod 30.

[0087] like Figure 7 As shown, the tilting and unloading body 35 is provided with a pivot shaft assembly part 3504, which is specifically a shaft hole. The pivot shaft 43 passes through the driven rod 31 and is installed in the pivot shaft assembly part 3504. In this way, by driving the drive rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6, the two driven rods 31 jointly drive the tilting and unloading body 35 to tilt and slide, which facilitates the smooth movement of the tilting and unloading body 35.

[0088] As a preferred embodiment, reference is still made to... Figure 3 As shown, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C also includes a limiting guide rail 8 fixedly arranged relative to the frame 100, and a plurality of guide wheels 32 are provided on the drive rod 30. The limiting guide rail 8 and the guide wheels 32 correspond one-to-one with the support guide rail 6, and each guide wheel 32 is respectively arranged between the corresponding limiting guide rail 8 and the support guide rail 6.

[0089] In the above structure, multiple support rails 6 and second tilting wheels 38 are provided, along with limit rails 8. These are all to ensure the stability and smoothness of the tilting loading and unloading body 35, and to achieve precise control of the tilting and sliding actions. This allows the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C to adapt to more complex working environments and cargo D requirements, thereby improving loading and unloading efficiency and safety.

[0090] In this embodiment, there are two of each: the limiting guide rail 8, the guide wheel 32, and the support guide rail 6. Each limiting guide rail 8 is fixed above its corresponding support guide rail 6, allowing the guide wheel 32 to slide between the corresponding limiting guide rail 8 and the support guide rail 6. It should be noted that in actual arrangement, the limiting guide rail 8 can be fixed to the support frame 1 or to the cargo loading section B, ensuring that both the limiting guide rail 8 and the support guide rail 6 remain stationary.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, a first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame 100 and the drive rod 30. This first limiting mechanism limits the sliding limit position of the drive rod 30. This first limiting mechanism ensures that the tilting and unloading body 35 moves within a predetermined range, making the movement trajectory of the tilting and unloading body 35 more controllable and predictable. This helps ensure the stability and accuracy of the tilting and unloading body 35 during tilting or sliding, preventing equipment damage or safety accidents caused by excessive movement, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the tilting and unloading body 35's movement.

[0092] In this embodiment, there are two first limiting mechanisms. A first limiting mechanism is provided at each of the two extreme positions of the drive rod 30, and each first limiting mechanism includes a limit switch fixed to the support frame 1. Specifically, the limit switch is connected to the controller of the cargo loading / unloading mechanism C, and the controller is connected to the motor 24 described below. When the drive rod 30 triggers the limit switch, the limit switch sends a signal to the controller, and the controller sends a control signal to the motor 24 to stop the motor 24 from driving the drive rod 30.

[0093] Still refer to Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the power mechanism 200 of this embodiment also includes a lead screw pair. Specifically, the lead screw pair includes a lead screw 28 and a lead screw nut 29 that are screwed together. The lead screw 28 is rotatably mounted on the frame 100, and the lead screw nut 29 is connected to the drive rod 30. Thus, by driving the lead screw 28 to rotate, the lead screw nut 29 can drive the drive rod 30 to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0094] When the lead screw 28 rotates, the lead screw nut 29 will move linearly along the axis of the lead screw 28. This movement can be precisely converted into the sliding of the drive rod 30, thereby controlling the flipping or sliding action of the flipping loading and unloading body 35. In the event of an accident in the power mechanism 200, the lead screw pair can use its self-locking function to prevent safety accidents from occurring during the flipping loading and unloading process of the flipping loading and unloading body 35.

[0095] The structure of lead screw 28 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the two ends of the shaft are respectively provided with a first shaft head 2802 and a second shaft head 2804, and as... Figure 3 As shown, a first lead screw support seat 5 and a second lead screw support seat 9 are fixed on the frame 100. The first shaft head 2802 is pivotally connected to the first lead screw support seat 5, and the second shaft head 2804 is pivotally connected to the second lead screw support seat 9.

[0096] Between the first shaft head 2802 and the second shaft head 2804, a first shaft section 2801 and a second shaft section 2803 are provided in sequence. The diameters of the first shaft head 2802, the first shaft section 2801 and the second shaft section 2803 increase in sequence. The length of the first shaft section 2801 is much smaller than that of the second shaft section 2803. The first shaft section 2801 is used to install the driven wheel 27 described below, while the outer surface of the second shaft section 2803 is threaded for screwing into the nut 29.

[0097] As a preferred embodiment, by Figure 3 Combination Figure 4 As shown, the power mechanism 200 also includes a motor 24 fixed on the frame 100, a reducer 20 that is connected to the motor 24 in a transmission, and one end of the lead screw 28 with a first shaft head 2802 is connected to the power output end of the reducer 20 in a transmission.

[0098] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and combined Figure 9 As shown, a reducer mounting base 4 is fixed at one end of the frame 100. The aforementioned first lead screw support 5 is fixed on one side of the reducer mounting base 4, allowing the first lead screw support 5 to withstand greater forces. A reducer 20 is mounted on the other side of the reducer mounting base 4. A motor mounting plate 25 is fixed on the reducer 20, and the motor 24 is fixed on the motor mounting plate 25, forming a structure in which the motor 24 is fixed on the frame 100.

[0099] It should be noted that this mounting method of motor 24 is only an exemplary structure. In other embodiments, it is also feasible to fix motor 24 to frame 100 using other structures.

[0100] The power output end of the motor 24 is provided with a first synchronous pulley 21, while the power input end of the reducer 20 is provided with a second synchronous pulley 22. The first synchronous pulley 21 and the second synchronous pulley 22 are connected by a synchronous belt 23 sleeved on both of them. It has the advantages of strong adaptability, convenient maintenance, and a large range of transmission power and transmission distance.

[0101] Still refer to Figure 4 As shown, the power output end of the reducer 20 is provided with a drive wheel 26, and the aforementioned first shaft section 2801 is provided with a driven wheel 27. The drive wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27 are meshed and connected. With this arrangement, the motor 24 can transmit power to the power input end of the reducer 20 through the synchronous belt 23. The power output end of the reducer 20 drives the lead screw 28 to rotate through the drive wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27.

[0102] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 As shown, the power mechanism 200 in this embodiment also includes a crank handle 33, which is connected to the lead screw 28. When the crank handle 33 is rotated, it can drive the lead screw 28 to rotate. In this embodiment, a drive shaft support seat 2 is fixed on the frame 100, and a support bearing 3 is installed in the drive shaft support seat 2. One end of the drive shaft 34 is connected to the power input end of the reducer 20, and the other end of the drive shaft 34 is inserted into the support bearing 3. The drive shaft 34 extends in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6, which facilitates the overall arrangement.

[0103] One end of the drive shaft 34 is provided with an insertion fitting part, such as an insertion hole, while one end of the crank handle 33 is provided with an insertion part, such as an insertion shaft. By inserting the insertion part into the insertion fitting part, the power of the crank handle 33 can be transmitted to the power input end of the reducer 20, and then the power is transmitted to the lead screw 28 through the reducer 20, the drive wheel 26 and the driven wheel 27.

[0104] It should be noted that the connection between the crank handle 33 and the lead screw 28 via the drive shaft 34, reducer 20, drive wheel 26, and driven wheel 27 is only an exemplary implementation. Other structures can also be used to drive the lead screw 28 via the crank handle 33. Similarly, the structure where the power source is the motor 24, and the power is transmitted to the lead screw 28 via the reducer 20, drive wheel 26, and driven wheel 27, is also an exemplary implementation. Other power sources or power transmission structures can also be used to drive the lead screw 28.

[0105] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C is equipped with a crank handle 33. During normal loading and unloading of cargo D, the crank handle 33 can be stored in the toolbox of the unmanned express delivery vehicle A. In the event of an accident, if it is necessary to manually load and unload cargo D, the crank handle 33 can be connected to the drive shaft 34, and the crank handle 33 can be cranked to complete the loading and unloading of cargo D.

[0106] In the above structure, the motor 24 and reducer 20 facilitate the automation of the tilting and unloading process. The crank handle 33 allows the tilting and unloading body 35 to move to a suitable position in case of an malfunction in the power mechanism 200. Together, these components ensure the smooth operation of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C even in the event of an malfunction in the power mechanism 200. It should be understood that it is feasible to have only the motor 24 and reducer 20, or only the crank handle 33, in the power mechanism 200.

[0107] Furthermore, using a lead screw pair to drive the drive rod 30 to slide is also an exemplary implementation method; other structures for driving the drive rod 30 to slide are also feasible. It should be understood that it is also possible to omit the power mechanism 200; for example, the loading and unloading process of cargo D can be achieved by manually driving the tilting and turning of the loading and unloading body 35, which also saves time and effort.

[0108] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 3 Combination Figure 9 As shown, a stop mechanism is provided at one end of the support guide rail 6. In this embodiment, the stop mechanism includes an adjustment unit 11 and a stop block 10 that is pulsatorically connected to the adjustment unit 11. The adjustment unit 11 can drive the stop block 10 to move along the length direction of the support guide rail 6, and the stop block 10 is used to limit the position of the second flip wheel 38 in the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0109] The stop mechanism provided here can be driven to move along the length of the support guide rail 6 by the adjustment unit 11. When the stop block 10 moves to a certain position, it will contact the second flipping wheel 38 and restrict its further movement. During the flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading part 300, the second flipping wheel 38 will move to the stop block 10 first and then to the support guide rail 6, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the flipping loading and unloading body 35 during the flipping or sliding process.

[0110] In terms of specific structure, the frame 100 is provided with a mounting bracket, the adjustment unit 11 includes an adjustment bolt screwed onto the mounting bracket, and an adjustment nut screwed onto the adjustment bolt. The stop block 10 is provided on the frame 100 and screwed onto the adjustment bolt. A guide structure, such as a key, is provided between the frame 100 and the stop block 10 to guide the stop block 10 to slide relative to the frame 100 along the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0111] By adjusting the position of the stop block 10 with the adjusting bolt, one side of the stop block 10 abuts against the second tilting wheel 38, which can limit the position of the second tilting wheel 38. The stop block 10 can be prevented from sliding after being adjusted to the appropriate position by adjusting the nut.

[0112] It should be noted that in this embodiment, there are two support rails 6 and two second turning wheels 38. Therefore, there are two sets of stop structures as described above, and each stop structure is located at the end of the support rail 6 away from the power mechanism 200.

[0113] It should also be noted that the stop block 10 is provided with a limiting groove. During the loading of cargo D, before the support rail 6 supports the second tilting wheel 38, and during the unloading of cargo D, after the second tilting wheel 38 is disengaged from the support rail 6, the second tilting wheel 38 can be embedded in the stop block 10.

[0114] Specifically, the second tilting wheel 38 can be embedded in the limiting groove on the stop block 10, so that during the tilting and unloading body 35 tilting process, the second tilting wheel 38 is located in the limiting groove during part of the tilting process, and only when the rotation angle continues to increase will the second tilting wheel 38 of the tilting and unloading body 35 fall onto the support guide rail 6. It should be noted that the bottom surface of the limiting groove is higher than the support surface of the support guide rail 6, so that the position of the second tilting wheel 38 on the stop block 10 is higher than the position of the second tilting wheel 38 on the support guide rail 6.

[0115] Still refer to Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a second limiting structure 14 is provided between the frame 100 and the tilting loading and unloading body 35. The second limiting structure 14 is used to limit the position of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 relative to the frame 100 along the length direction orthogonal to the support guide rail 6.

[0116] The second limiting structure 14 provided here can prevent accidental lateral movement of the tilting and unloading body 35 during tilting or sliding, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of the equipment. The simultaneous provision of a stop mechanism and the second limiting structure 14 not only improves the stability and safety of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, but also enhances its ability to adapt to different working environments and cargo D requirements. These designs enable the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C to better complete the tilting and unloading tasks of cargo D, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0117] In this embodiment, the second limiting structure 14 restricts the movement of the tilting and unloading body 35 relative to the frame 100 in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6 by limiting the position of the first tilting wheel 37. Specifically, the second limiting structure 14 is a limiting block fixed on the frame 100. In this embodiment, there are two limiting blocks. When the support part supports the first tilting wheel 37, the two limiting blocks are located inside the two first tilting wheels 37 respectively.

[0118] Depend on Figure 3 Combination Figure 6 As shown, in the preferred embodiment, each limiting block is further provided with a limiting groove, in which the first flipping shaft 36 of the first flipping wheel 37 can be fitted. In the preferred embodiment, the side walls on both sides of the limiting groove are of different heights, with the outer side wall being higher than the inner side wall, which can better prevent the flipping limiting part from detaching from the frame 100 during the flipping process, thus ensuring the smooth and stable flipping of the flipping limiting part.

[0119] As a preferred implementation method, such as Figure 6 Combination Figure 8 As shown, in this embodiment, a fixing mechanism 40 is pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body 35, and a reset member 41 is provided between the fixing mechanism 40 and the tilting loading and unloading body 35. Specifically, as... Figure 8 As shown, the fixing mechanism 40 includes a pressure-bearing part 44 and a clamping part 45 connected together. When the cargo D loaded on the overturning loading and unloading body 35 is tilted, it applies pressure to the pressure-bearing part 44. The clamping part 45 can press against the cargo D. The reset member 41 stores energy. When the cargo D removes the pressure on the pressure-bearing part 44, the reset member 41 releases energy, which can drive the fixing mechanism 40 to reset.

[0120] The fixing mechanism 40 provided here can automatically fix the cargo D by the pressure of the cargo D during the loading process, which helps to ensure the stability of the cargo D during the flipping process, thereby improving the safety of the cargo D during the flipping loading and unloading body 35. The setting of the reset part 41 allows the fixing mechanism 40 to automatically reset, thereby ensuring the automatic clamping and automatic release of the cargo D during the loading process, which helps to improve the convenience of loading and unloading the cargo D.

[0121] As in this implementation, refer to Figure 8 The pressure-bearing part 44 is specifically a pressure-bearing plate, and the clamping part 45 is specifically a clamping plate. The pressure-bearing plate and the clamping plate are fixed together, and the included angle between them is less than 90°. A rotating shaft mounting part 4002 is provided at the connection between the pressure-bearing plate and the clamping plate. A first rotating shaft mounting hole is formed in the rotating shaft mounting part 4002, so that the rotating shaft mounting part 4002 is sleeve-shaped.

[0122] like Figure 7 In the frame body 3508, one end is provided with a fixing mechanism assembly part 3506. Specifically, the fixing mechanism assembly part 3506 consists of two protrusions on the frame body 3508, which are arranged at a distance from each other. Each protrusion is provided with a second rotating shaft mounting hole. Thus, the fixing mechanism 40 can be pivotally connected to the frame body 3508 by a rotating shaft 42 that passes through the first rotating shaft mounting hole and the two second rotating shaft mounting holes. Preferably, the axial direction of the rotating shaft 42 is arranged in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail 6.

[0123] To improve the clamping effect on cargo D, continue to refer to... Figure 8 As shown, the pressure-bearing part 44 is provided with a pressure block 4001, and the clamping part 45 is provided with a clamping block 4003. When the cargo D applies pressure to the fixing mechanism 40, it contacts the pressure block 4001, while the clamping part 45 presses against the cargo D through the clamping block 4003.

[0124] To ensure the structural strength of the fixing mechanism 40, a first reinforcing plate 46 is provided on one side of the pressure plate, orthogonally arranged thereto, and a second reinforcing plate 47 is provided on one side of the clamping plate, orthogonally arranged thereto. The first reinforcing plate 46 and the second reinforcing plate 47 are connected together, thus better ensuring the structural strength of the fixing structure.

[0125] It should be noted that the reset component 41 in this embodiment is specifically a reset spring, and a second spring mounting hole 4004 is provided on the clamping plate, and as... Figure 7 In the frame body 3508, a first spring mounting hole 3507 is provided, and the two ends of the return spring are respectively hooked into the first spring mounting hole 3507 and the second spring mounting hole 4004. When there is no cargo D, the return spring is used to apply a certain tension to the clamping plate to prevent the cargo D from interfering with the clamping part 45 during the process of loading and unloading onto the flipping loading and unloading body 35.

[0126] As the cargo D presses against the pressure-bearing part 44, the fixing mechanism 40 rotates around the rotation axis 42, and the clamping part 45 presses against one side of the cargo D, while the return spring stores energy. When the cargo D is removed, the return spring releases energy, and the fixing mechanism 40 returns to its original position. In this embodiment, when the cargo D is fixed, it is clamped between the bearing unit 3501 and the clamping part 45.

[0127] It should also be noted that in this embodiment, two fixing mechanisms 40 are used as an example for illustration. The two fixing mechanisms 40 are arranged at a distance along a direction orthogonal to the length of the support track, which is conducive to the stable and reliable clamping of goods D, such as the cage mentioned above.

[0128] It should be understood that the location of the fixing mechanism 40, in addition to being able to provide... Figure 6 The positions shown can also be arbitrarily arranged along the circumference of the frame body 3508, and the number of fixing mechanisms 40 can be two, one, three, four, etc. In addition, besides the aforementioned structure, other mechanisms can be used to fix the goods D to the tilting and unloading body 35. For example, the fixing mechanism 40 includes a binding rope, with hooks at both ends, which can be hooked onto the protective units 3501 on both sides of the tilting and unloading body 35.

[0129] In this embodiment, the loading process of cargo D goes through three stages. Figures 9-12 It is an isometric view of the tilting and unloading unit 300 on the frame 100 from the first position to the fourth position.

[0130] When cargo D needs to be loaded, the loading process is as follows:

[0131] (1) See Figure 9 As shown, the cargo D is first placed on the bearing unit 3501 of the tilting and unloading body 35 of the tilting and unloading section 300, and then the motor 24 is started. After the motor 24 is started, the first synchronous pulley 21 mounted on the power output shaft of the motor 24 drives the second synchronous pulley 22 to rotate through the synchronous belt 23, and then drives the drive wheel 26 on the power output shaft of the reducer 20 through the drive shaft support seat 2. The driven wheel 27 drives the lead screw 28 to rotate under the action of the drive wheel 26, thereby pulling the lead screw nut 29 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 28.

[0132] The guide wheel 32 mounted on the drive rod 30 rolls along the support guide rail 6 under the drive of the screw nut 29. The driven rod 31 pulls the flip loading and unloading body 35 under the action of the drive rod 30, so that the first flip wheel 37 falls back onto the support body 13. Then the flip loading and unloading body 35 rotates clockwise around the first flip wheel 37.

[0133] (2) As the motor 24 continues to rotate, the tilting loading and unloading body 35 drives the cargo D to rotate clockwise. The gravity of the cargo D, which was originally acting vertically on the bearing unit 3501 of the tilting loading and unloading body 35, is gradually replaced by a partial gravity component pressing on the bearing surface of the frame body 3508 of the tilting loading and unloading body 35.

[0134] At this time, the pressure block 4001 on the fixing mechanism 40 above the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is subjected to the gravity of the cargo D. The component force generated on the clamping part 45 can overcome the effect of the return spring and rotate counterclockwise around the rotating shaft 42. The clamping block 4003 on the fixing mechanism 40 will press against the cargo D, so that the cargo D is clamped.

[0135] As the tilting angle of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 increases, the component of the gravity of the cargo D pressing against the bearing unit 3501 of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 gradually increases, and the clamping force on the cargo D increases, so that the cargo D is reliably fixed on the tilting loading and unloading part 300. This process is caused by... Figures 9 to 11 Finish.

[0136] (3) When the tilting loading and unloading body 35 tilts the cargo D to... Figure 10 In the state shown, the second tilting wheel 38 on the tilting loading and unloading unit 300 falls onto the stop block 10, and the first tilting stage of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 ends. That is to say, the first tilting process of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is completed by... Figure 9 The state shown begins, until... Figure 10 The indicated state has ended.

[0137] (4) As the motor 24 continues to rotate, the tilting axis of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 shifts from the first tilting wheel 37 to the axis of the second tilting wheel 38. The tilting loading and unloading body 35 continues to rotate clockwise around the second tilting wheel 38, and the tilting loading and unloading body 35 enters the second tilting stage. The second tilting process of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is as follows: Figure 10 The state shown begins, until... Figure 11 The indicated state has ended.

[0138] (5) When the flipping stage of the flipping loading and unloading body 35 ends, the support wheel 39 in the flipping loading and unloading part 300 falls onto the support track in the frame 100, and the process of loading cargo D into the flipping loading and unloading body 35 enters the third stage.

[0139] (6) The motor 24 continues to rotate, the support wheel 39 in the flip loading and unloading part 300 rolls on the support rail in the frame 100, and the second flip wheel 38 rolls along the support guide rail 6. The flip loading and unloading part 300 begins the horizontal movement process during the loading process.

[0140] (7) When the tilting and unloading body 35 is loaded into the predetermined position, the drive rod 30 touches the first limit structure 16 near the power assembly, the power supply of the motor 24 is cut off, the motor 24 stops running, and the process of the tilting and unloading body 35 transferring the cargo D is completed.

[0141] (8) When the flip-loading and unloading main body 35 needs to be unloaded, it runs in reverse according to the above process. When the flip-loading and unloading main body 35 is about to be flipped into place, the first thing is that the bearing unit 3501 on the flip-loading and unloading main body 35 in the flip-loading and unloading part 300 falls to the ground. At this time, the entire weight of the cargo D and the flip-loading and unloading part 300 is borne by the ground. The motor 24 continues to drive the lead screw 28 to rotate, the drive rod 30 moves forward, the flip-loading and unloading part 300 rotates slightly around the front end of the bearing unit 3501, the first flip wheel 37 is raised and disengaged from the stop block 10. At this time, the drive rod 30 touches the first limit structure 16 away from the power assembly, the power of the motor 24 is cut off, the motor 24 stops running, and the cargo D is unloaded.

[0142] (9) When the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C experiences an unexpected power outage or the timing belt 23 breaks and cargo D cannot be loaded or unloaded normally, the crank handle 33 is installed on the drive shaft support seat 2, and the cargo D can be loaded and unloaded by manually cranking the crank handle 33.

[0143] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C of the present invention has low power consumption and low operating cost. When applied to vehicles, it can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D, and save time and effort for staff when loading and unloading cargo D. When applied to unmanned express delivery vehicles, it can also help improve the competitiveness of logistics distribution.

[0144] When the power supply is low, loading cargo D only requires completing the initial tilting to finish the entire loading process. Similarly, when the power supply is low, unloading cargo D only requires sufficient remaining power to complete the initial tilting to finish the entire loading process. Reliable secure transport of the cage can be achieved without the need for external clamping force.

[0145] Furthermore, the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C employs a method that lowers the center of rotation axis 42 relative to the center of gravity of the object being overturned, thereby reducing the driving force requirement of the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C and reducing the energy consumption of the entire machine during the overturning and unloading process. By switching the rotation center, the overturning process of the overturning and unloading body 35 is divided into two stages, further reducing the maximum driving force requirement, more effectively utilizing the performance of motor 24, and lowering the overall manufacturing and operating costs.

[0146] In addition, during the stage where the turning demand is relatively large, the design incorporates a structural characteristic where the resistance arm gradually decreases while the power arm gradually increases during the turning and loading process, thus making more reasonable and effective use of the characteristics of motor 24 to complete the loading of cargo D.

[0147] Meanwhile, this embodiment also relates to a cargo loading and unloading method, which includes: placing the tilting loading and unloading body 35 on the tilting loading and unloading part 300 in a vertical state, and placing the cargo on the tilting loading and unloading body 35; applying an external force to the tilting loading and unloading body 35, so that the tilting loading and unloading body 35 rotates around the axial center of the first tilting wheel 37 on the tilting loading and unloading body 35 until the second tilting wheel 38 on the tilting loading and unloading body 35 falls onto the support guide rail 6 on the frame 100.

[0148] Then, an external force is applied to the tilting loading and unloading body 35, causing the tilting loading and unloading body 35 to rotate around the axial center of the second tilting wheel 38 until the tilting loading and unloading body 35 tilts to a horizontal state; then, an external force is applied to the tilting loading and unloading body 35, causing the tilting loading and unloading body 35 to slide along the support guide rail 6 and deliver the goods to the preset position.

[0149] It should be noted that in this cargo loading and unloading method, before the support part supports the first tilting wheel 37, the tilting loading and unloading part 300 is placed on the ground or other supporting carrier, at which time the weight is borne by the supporting carrier. After the cargo loading and unloading mechanism C tilts at the first preset angle, the first tilting wheel 37 rotates completely onto the support part, at which point the weight of the tilting loading and unloading part 300 is borne by the support part.

[0150] After the tilting loading and unloading body 35 of the tilting loading and unloading unit 300 rotates to a second preset angle, the second tilting wheel 38 of the tilting loading and unloading unit 300 rotates onto the stop block 10, and the tilting loading and unloading body 35 tilts around the center of the second tilting wheel 38.

[0151] After the tilting loading and unloading body 35 rotates to a third preset angle, the second tilting wheel 38 of the tilting loading and unloading unit 300 falls onto the support guide rail 6, and the tilting center is lowered. The tilting loading and unloading body 35 continues to tilt, which allows the support wheel 39 and the second tilting wheel 38 to complete the loading process of cargo D on the tilting loading and unloading body 35. The unloading process of cargo D can be carried out in reverse.

[0152] In this embodiment, the principle that the flipping process of the loading and unloading body 35 can save power is as follows.

[0153] like Figure 13 As shown, during the tilting process of the tilting loading and unloading body 35, when the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is in an upright position on the ground, the length L1 of the line of action of the gravity G of the cargo D and the tilting loading and unloading part 300 from the tilting axis O1 at this time, and the length L2 of the line of action of the tilting tension F from the tilting axis O1, are determined by... Figure 13 Force analysis shows that the relationship between gravity G and tension F is as shown in equation ①.

[0154] F×L2=G×L1 ①

[0155] As can be seen from equation ①, in order to reduce F and reduce the overturning driving force, it is necessary to relatively reduce L1 and increase L2. This can reduce energy consumption, lower usage costs, and also reduce manufacturing costs.

[0156] In order to successfully complete the flipping of the loading and unloading body 35 with a smaller pulling force, the implementation method of this embodiment is as follows.

[0157] (1) First, when the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is fully loaded, the tilting loading and unloading body 35 is in a pre-loaded state, and the center of gravity S of the cargo D and the tilting loading and unloading part 300 is at a height H above the ground, which is higher than the height of the tilting axis of the tilting loading and unloading body 35 above the ground.

[0158] (2) The flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading body 35 is divided into two stages. The first flipping stage is centered on the axis O1 at a lower height H1 from the ground. The flipping loading and unloading body 35 flips from its upright position on the ground until P2 on the flipping loading and unloading part 300 rotates to the axis O2. The second flipping stage is centered on the axis O2 at a higher height H2 from the ground. The flipping loading and unloading body 35 flips from its state at the end of the first flipping stage until T on the flipping loading and unloading part 300 rotates to the support guide rail 6.

[0159] This method sets two fixed rotating axes O1 and O2, corresponding to heights H1 and H2 above the ground, respectively. The height H1 of the fixed rotating axis O1 during the first flipping stage of the loading / unloading unit 300 is lower than the height H2 of the fixed rotating axis O2 during the second flipping stage of the cage D. Furthermore, O1 is positioned at the outermost end of the cargo box, and O2 is positioned inside O1. The relative positions of S, O1, and O2 are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 13 .

[0160] Equation ②: H>H2>H1

[0161] (3) Figure 18 As shown, when cargo D is in a pre-loaded state, standing upright on the ground in the cage of the flip-over loading and unloading section 300, the line Q-O1 connecting the hinge axis Q and the fixed rotation axis O1 of the flip-over loading and unloading section 300 forms an obtuse angle θ with the line O1-R connecting the fixed rotation axis O1 and the slider hinge axis R.

[0162] (4) Figure 15 As shown, under the parameter conditions set by the above method, after the tilting loading and unloading section 300 completes the tilting, the corresponding relationship between gravity G and tension F is as follows:

[0163] F×L4=G×L2 ③

[0164] During the entire flipping process of the flipping loading and unloading unit 300, for ease of description, we refer to the gravity G of the cargo D and the flipping loading and unloading body 35 as resistance, the tension F as power, the distance from the line of action of gravity G to the fixed rotation center as resistance arm, and the distance from the line of action of tension F to the fixed rotation axis as power arm.

[0165] like Figure 13 and Figure 14 As shown, during the first flipping stage, the resistance arm L1 is at its longest when the flipping loading and unloading body 35 is in an upright state. The resistance arm L1 gradually shortens during the flipping process, that is, the resistance torque gradually decreases. The power arm L2 gradually lengthens from its shortest length to its longest length at the end of the first flipping stage. During this process, the power arm L2 is less than the resistance arm L1 until the power arm L2 is much larger than the resistance arm L1, and the power required for flipping decreases sharply.

[0166] In the second flipping phase, the resistance arm gradually decreases from L3 to zero and then gradually increases back to L3, but the direction of the force changes to be on the same side as the power force F on the fixed rotation axis O2. At this time, the tension force F becomes a thrust force. When the flipping and unloading part 300 flips into place, that is, when the cage support wheel 39T falls onto the slide II, the torque generated by gravity G is canceled out by the support force N2, and F becomes a tension force again. The power arm gradually decreases from its longest length L4 to L4 in the second flipping phase, and is set according to the following formula.

[0167] L4>>L3 type ④

[0168] L4>2×L3 equation ⑤

[0169] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C set according to the above method can use a smaller motor 24. When cargo D needs to be loaded due to insufficient power, the loading task can be completed as long as it can be flipped. Similarly, when cargo D needs to be unloaded, the unloading task can be completed as long as the power is sufficient to make the flipping loading and unloading part 300 start to flip. This avoids the inability to complete the flipping process due to insufficient power, thereby preventing the loading and unloading of cargo D from being affected.

[0170] The cargo loading and unloading mechanism C adopts a reverse loading method to improve the starting working state of the motor 24. Specifically, during the loading process of realizing the tilting loading and unloading body 35, the first tilting stage ( Figures 13 to 14 The process), the second flipping stage ( Figures 14 to 15 (the process) and a cargo D by Figure 15 The state shown moves to Figure 16 In the process shown, during the entire movement of cargo D, the weight of cargo D is supported by slides II and V.

[0171] The only resistance to the movement of the tilting and unloading unit 300 is the rolling friction resistance of the second tilting wheel 38 and the support wheel 39. The resistance during the tilting process is mainly the resistance torque generated by the weight of the cargo D and the tilting and unloading body 35. The power required for this resistance torque is much greater than the rolling friction force during the movement of the tilting and unloading unit 300. Therefore, the power configured in the power unit 200 only needs to meet the torque required for tilting to complete the loading and unloading task.

[0172] Figure 18 A force analysis of the 300-degree tilting loading and unloading section was performed. Equations ①, ③, ④, and ⑤ show that the driving force required by motor 24 is the greatest in the initial state of pre-loading. When cargo D begins to be loaded, motor 24 is stationary. When motor 24 starts from zero speed, the starting torque is much greater than that of motor 24 in normal working condition, and motor 24 is still under maximum load at this time.

[0173] To improve the working state of the motor 24 and reduce excessive energy consumption, the present invention adopts a reverse loading method. That is, after the bearing unit 3501 of the flipping loading and unloading part 300 contacts the ground, the motor 24 continues to rotate and pushes the flipping loading and unloading part 300 to rotate through the lead screw 28, which can appropriately raise the first flipping wheel 37 and disengage it from the stop block 10. When flipping is required, the motor 24 starts. At this time, the external load of the lead screw 28 is in the same direction as the drive direction of the motor 24. Therefore, the motor 24 only needs to overcome the friction of the lead screw 28. After the rotation of the flipping loading and unloading part 300 causes the first flipping wheel 37 to fall onto the stop block 10, the first flipping stage can begin.

[0174] Next, let's discuss the method of securing cargo D, such as... Figure 17 As shown, cargo D is in a horizontal position. Cargo D rests on two fixed points, h and g, on its left side, and rests on a fixed support point z on its lower left. Its right side is placed at support point m above and below a fixed frame a with a fixed rotation axis b. Under the weight of cargo D, the fixed frame a rotates counterclockwise around the fixed rotation axis b, and clamping force k is applied to cargo D, thus fixing cargo D in place. The clamping force K of cargo D has the following relationship with the component of gravity of the cage D at point m:

[0175] N4×L5=K×L6 (Formula ⑥)

[0176] Let L5 be the distance from the line of action of the gravity of cargo D to the fixed rotation axis b, and L6 be the distance from the line of action of the clamping force K of cargo D to the fixed rotation axis b. Let L5 > L6, so the clamping force K > N4. Using this method, the gravity of cargo D itself can be used to ensure that cargo D is fixed relative to the cage tilting loading part.

[0177] Finally, it should be noted that... Figures 13 to 18In the above, symbol Ⅰ represents a lead screw, such as lead screw 28 mentioned above; symbol Ⅱ represents a slide rail, such as the support rail in this embodiment, specifically including the first support rail 7 and the second support rail 15); symbol Ⅲ represents a slider, such as drive rod 30 mentioned above; symbol Ⅳ represents a slide rail, such as limit guide rail 8 mentioned above; symbol Ⅴ represents a slide rail, such as support guide rail 6 mentioned above; and symbol Ⅵ represents cargo D and the flipping loading and unloading part 300.

[0178] The cargo loading and unloading method of the present invention has the same beneficial effects as the aforementioned cargo loading and unloading mechanism C compared with the prior art, and will not be described again here.

[0179] Example 2

[0180] This embodiment relates to a vehicle, wherein the cargo section B of the vehicle is provided with a cargo loading and unloading mechanism C as in Embodiment 1.

[0181] The vehicle in this embodiment, by applying the same cargo loading and unloading mechanism C, can improve the convenience of loading and unloading cargo D, which is conducive to saving labor costs. Moreover, it saves time and effort for workers when loading and unloading cargo D, thus having good practicality.

[0182] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo loading and unloading mechanism, characterized in that: Includes a frame (100) and a tilting and loading / unloading section (300); The frame (100) is provided with a support rail (6) and a support part; The flip-over loading and unloading unit (300) includes a flip-over loading and unloading body (35) for carrying goods (D), and a first flip wheel (37) and a second flip wheel (38) pivotally connected to the flip-over loading and unloading body (35), wherein the axial center line of the first flip wheel (37) and the axial center line of the second flip wheel (38) are parallel. The support part can support the first tilting wheel (37); the tilting loading and unloading body (35) can be driven by external force to rotate around the center of the first tilting wheel (37), the first tilting wheel (37) can be separated from the support part, and the support rail (6) can support the second tilting wheel (38). The tilting loading and unloading body (35) can rotate around the center of the second tilting wheel (38) under the action of external force and can slide along the support rail (6); The cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a linkage mechanism, which includes a driven rod (31) and a driving rod (30) pivotally connected. The portion of the driven rod (31) away from the driving rod (30) is pivotally connected to the tilting loading and unloading body (35). The frame (100) is provided with a power mechanism (200), and the power output end of the power mechanism (200) is connected to the drive rod (30) to drive the drive rod (30) to slide along the length direction of the support guide rail (6); One end of the support guide rail (6) is provided with a stop mechanism, the stop mechanism including an adjustment unit (11) and a stop block (10) pulsatorically connected to the adjustment unit (11); the adjustment unit (11) can drive the stop block (10) to move along the length direction of the support guide rail (6), the stop block (10) is used to limit the position of the second tilting wheel in the length direction of the support guide rail (6), before the support guide rail (6) supports the second tilting wheel (38), the second tilting wheel (38) can be fitted onto the stop block (10); and / or, A second limiting structure (14) is provided between the frame (100) and the tilting loading and unloading body (35). The second limiting structure (14) is used to limit the position of the tilting loading and unloading body (35) relative to the frame (100) along the length direction orthogonal to the support guide rail (6). The support includes a support body (13) and a support plate (12). The support body (13) is fixed on the support frame (1) and has a support groove with a "U" shaped cross-section. The support plate (12) is embedded in the bottom of the support groove, and the first rotating wheel (37) can be embedded in the support groove.

2. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (100) is provided with a support rail, and the tilting loading and unloading body (35) is provided with a support wheel (39). When the tilting loading and unloading body (35) is tilted onto the frame (100), the support rail can support the support wheel (39) so that the support wheel (39) and the second tilting wheel (38) jointly support the tilting loading and unloading body (35).

3. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple support rails (6), and multiple second flipping wheels (38) are arranged to match the support rails (6). The multiple support rails (6) are arranged at intervals along a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the support rails (6). The axial direction of the drive rod (30) is orthogonal to the length direction of the support guide rail (6), and the driven rod (31) consists of multiple rods that are pivotally connected to the drive rod (30) and the flip-over loading and unloading body (35), respectively. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism also includes a limiting guide rail (8) fixedly arranged relative to the frame (100). The drive rod (30) is provided with a plurality of guide wheels (32). The limiting guide rail (8) and the guide wheels (32) are respectively corresponding to the support guide rail (6). Each guide wheel (32) is respectively located between the corresponding limiting guide rail (8) and the support guide rail (6).

4. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first limiting mechanism is provided between the frame (100) and the drive rod (30), the first limiting mechanism being used to limit the sliding limit position of the drive rod (30).

5. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power mechanism (200) includes a lead screw pair, which includes a lead screw (28) and a lead screw nut (29) connected by screws. The lead screw (28) is rotatably mounted on the frame (100), and the lead screw nut (29) is connected to the drive rod (30). The power mechanism (200) further includes a motor (24) mounted on the frame (100), a reducer (20) driven by the motor (24), and a lead screw (28) driven by the power output end of the reducer (20); and / or, The power mechanism (200) also includes a crank (33), which is connected to the lead screw (28) in a transmission manner. When the crank (33) is rotated, it can drive the lead screw (28) to rotate.

6. The cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: A fixing mechanism (40) is pivotally connected to the flip-over loading and unloading body (35), and a reset member (41) is provided between the fixing mechanism (40) and the flip-over loading and unloading body (35). The fixing mechanism (40) includes a pressure-bearing part (44) and a clamping part (45) connected together. The cargo (D) loaded on the flipping loading and unloading body (35) applies pressure to the pressure-bearing part (44), the clamping part (45) can press against the cargo (D), and the reset member (41) stores energy. When the cargo (D) removes pressure on the pressure-bearing part (44), the reset member (41) releases energy and can drive the fixing mechanism (40) to reset.

7. A method for loading and unloading cargo, implemented by the cargo loading and unloading mechanism according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The method includes: Place the tilting loading and unloading body (35) on the tilting loading and unloading section (300) in a vertical position, and place the goods on the tilting loading and unloading body (35); An external force is applied to the tilting loading and unloading body (35) so that the tilting loading and unloading body (35) rotates around the axial center of the first tilting wheel (37) on the tilting loading and unloading body (35) until the second tilting wheel (38) on the tilting loading and unloading body (35) falls onto the support guide rail (6) on the frame (100); Continue to apply external force to the tilting loading and unloading body (35) so that the tilting loading and unloading body (35) rotates around the axial center of the second tilting wheel (38) until the tilting loading and unloading body (35) tilts to a horizontal state; Continue to apply external force to the tilting loading and unloading body (35) so that the tilting loading and unloading body (35) slides along the support guide rail (6) and delivers the goods to the preset position.

8. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle is equipped with a cargo loading and unloading mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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