Hybrid refrigerant, composition, refrigeration system, and refrigeration apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of mixed refrigerant, composition, refrigeration system and refrigeration equipment, belong to refrigerant technical field, and the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment includes first component, second component and third component;Wherein, first component includes 3,3,3-trifluoropropargyl, second component includes dimethyl ether, third component includes at least one of propylene and cyclopropane, and the sum of the mass percentage of each component is 100%.The GWP of the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment is less than 150, ODP is 0, has obvious environmental protection advantage, under proper proportion, can make the normal pressure boiling point of mixture lower, has good low-temperature refrigeration capacity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of refrigerants, and particularly relates to a mixed refrigerant, a composition, a refrigeration system and a refrigeration device. BACKGROUND

[0002] Refrigerant is the blood of a refrigeration system, and has become a key to restrict the development of the industry. Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) are the third generation of refrigerants, and are widely used to replace chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) because of zero ozone depletion potential. However, HFCs are unsustainable refrigerants, and the global warming potential (GWP) of many commonly used HFCs is thousands of times that of carbon dioxide, and the emission accounts for about 2-3% of the total global greenhouse gas emissions.

[0003] The commonly used refrigerant of an air conditioning system is R134a, which has a GWP of 1300 and is listed in the control directory, and it is inevitable to be gradually eliminated. In order to meet the environmental protection requirements, it is urgent to find a refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer and has low GWP. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the application provides a mixed refrigerant and a refrigeration system which do not destroy the ozone layer and have low GWP.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the embodiments of the application, a mixed refrigerant is provided, the mixed refrigerant comprising a first component, a second component and a third component; wherein the first component comprises 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, the second component comprises dimethyl ether, and the third component comprises at least one of propylene and cyclopropane, and the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the application, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is propylene.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the application, the mixed refrigerant is composed of 1%-48% by weight of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, 1%-56% by weight of dimethyl ether and 4%-92% by weight of propylene in terms of mass percentage.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in an optional implementation manner of the embodiments of the application, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is cyclopropane.

[0009] In an optional implementation of the embodiment of the first aspect, the mixed refrigerant consists of 1-60 wt% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, 4-44 wt% of dimethyl ether, and 12-92 wt% of cyclopropane in terms of mass percentage.

[0010] In an optional implementation of the embodiment of the first aspect, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is propylene and cyclopropane.

[0011] In an optional implementation of the embodiment of the first aspect, the mixed refrigerant consists of 4-32 wt% of the first component, 8-72 wt% of the second component, 8-72 wt% of propylene, and 12-76 wt% of cyclopropane in terms of mass percentage.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a composition is provided, which comprises a lubricant and the mixed refrigerant according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0013] In an optional implementation of the second aspect, the lubricant comprises a combination of one or more of silicone oil, polyalkylbenzene (PAB), polyol ester (POE), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyalkylene glycol ester (PAG ester), polyvinyl ether (PVE), and poly(alpha-olefin).

[0014] According to a third aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a refrigeration system is provided, in which the mixed refrigerant according to the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application or the composition according to the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application is circulated.

[0015] According to a fourth aspect of the embodiment of the present application, a refrigeration device is provided, which employs the refrigeration system according to the third aspect of the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] The technical solution of the embodiment can have the following beneficial effects: the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment has a GWP less than 150 and an ODP value (ozone depletion potential value) of 0, and has obvious environmental protection advantages. The unit volume refrigeration capacity of the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment is better than that of R134a, and the system volume is more compact than that of R134a; the capacity energy efficiency of the mixed refrigerant of the embodiment is basically the same as or even better than that of R134a.

[0017] The GWP values of the mixed refrigerant of the present embodiment are as follows: the GWP of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl (TFP) is 11, the GWP of dimethyl ether (RE170) is 1, the GWP of propylene (R1270) is 2, and the GWP of cyclopropane (RC270) is 86. The above-mentioned components have excellent environmental performance, and the GWP is less than 150. By mixing, the environmental performance of the refrigerant can be improved.

[0018] The thermodynamic performance of the mixed refrigerant of the present embodiment is mainly measured by COP (coefficient of performance) and relative volume refrigeration capacity. Compared with R134a, the relative volume refrigeration capacity of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl (TFP) is larger, and the relative COP is lower than that of R134a. The relative volume refrigeration capacity of dimethyl ether (RE170) is lower, and the relative COP is higher. The relative volume refrigeration capacity and the relative COP of propylene (R1270) are both higher. The volume refrigeration capacity of cyclopropane (RC270) is equivalent to that of R134a, and the COP is higher than that of R134a. Therefore, by mixing three working media, the thermodynamic performance of the mixture can be equivalent to or higher than that of R134a at an appropriate ratio.

[0019] The normal boiling point temperature of the present embodiment is related to the components and components of the refrigerant. The normal boiling points of 3,3,3-trifluoropropynyl (TFP) and propylene (R1270) are both less than -46℃. By mixing three working media, the normal boiling point of the mixture can be lower at an appropriate ratio, and the mixture has good low-temperature refrigeration capacity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present application is further described below by the description of specific embodiments, but this is not a limitation of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or improvements according to the basic idea of the present application, but as long as they do not deviate from the basic idea of the present application, they are within the scope of the present application.

[0021] In the related art, the third generation of refrigerant, hydrogen fluoride compound (HFC), has zero ozone depletion potential, so it is widely used to replace chlorofluorocarbon compound (CFC) and hydrogen chloride fluorocarbon compound (HCFC), but the GWP value of HFC is thousands of times that of carbon dioxide, which does not meet the environmental protection requirements. The currently widely used R134a refrigerant is also included in the control list because its GWP is 1300.

[0022] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this embodiment proposes a mixed refrigerant comprising a first component, a second component, and a third component. The first component comprises 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component comprises dimethyl ether, and the third component comprises at least one of propylene and cyclopropane, with the sum of the mass percentages of each component being 100%. The mixed refrigerant proposed in this embodiment has a GWP of less than 150 and an ODP (ozone depletion potential) of 0, exhibiting significant environmental advantages. Furthermore, the mixed refrigerant of this embodiment has a higher volumetric refrigeration capacity than R134a, a more compact system volume than R134a, and energy efficiency that is essentially equivalent to or even better than R134a, making it an excellent alternative to R134a refrigerant. Under appropriate proportions, the mixture can achieve a lower atmospheric boiling point, resulting in excellent low-temperature refrigeration capabilities.

[0023] The following describes this embodiment in detail. Unless otherwise specified, the following implementation methods and examples can be combined with each other.

[0024] This embodiment proposes a mixed refrigerant, which includes a first component, a second component, and a third component; wherein the first component includes 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component includes dimethyl ether, and the third component includes at least one of propylene and cyclopropane, and the sum of the mass percentages of each component is 100%.

[0025] In one embodiment, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is propylene. Preferably, the mixed refrigerant consists of 1%-48% by weight of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, 1%-56% by weight of dimethyl ether, and 4%-92% by weight of propylene, by mass percentage.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is cyclopropane. Preferably, the mixed refrigerant consists of 1%-60% by weight of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, 4%-44% by weight of dimethyl ether, and 12%-92% by weight of cyclopropane, by mass percentage.

[0027] In one embodiment, the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is propylene and cyclopropane. Preferably, the mixed refrigerant consists of 4%-32% by weight of the first component, 8%-72% by weight of the second component, 8%-72% by weight of propylene, and 12%-76% by weight of cyclopropane, by weight percentage.

[0028] This embodiment also proposes a composition comprising a lubricant and the mixed refrigerant proposed in the above embodiments. Further, the lubricant includes one or more combinations of silicone oil, polyalkylbenzene (PAB), polyol ester (POE), polyalkylene glycol (PAG), polyalkylene glycol ester (PAG ester), polyvinyl ether (PVE), and poly(α-olefin). In practical applications, the above reagents can be flexibly selected according to the needs of different refrigeration systems.

[0029] This embodiment also proposes a refrigeration system in which the mixed refrigerant or composition proposed in the above embodiments circulates.

[0030] The mixed refrigerant in this embodiment has a GWP value of less than 150 and an ODP value of 0.

[0031] This embodiment also provides a refrigeration system in which the mixed refrigerant proposed in the above embodiments of this application circulates. The refrigeration system of this embodiment can be used as the refrigeration system of an air conditioner, or as the refrigeration system of a refrigerator.

[0032] Specifically, the refrigeration system in this embodiment includes a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device, and an evaporator. The compressor's discharge port is connected to the condenser's inlet via a refrigerant line. The condenser's outlet is connected to the throttling device's inlet via a refrigerant line. The throttling device's outlet is connected to the evaporator's inlet via a refrigerant line. The evaporator's outlet is connected to the compressor's suction port via a refrigerant line. The mixed refrigerant described in the above embodiment flows through the refrigerant lines.

[0033] The compressor is the core component of the refrigeration system. Its main function is to draw in low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, compress it, and then discharge it as high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, providing the power for the refrigerant's circulation within the system. Compressors can be categorized as piston, screw, centrifugal, etc. Different types of compressors are suitable for different refrigeration needs and applications.

[0034] The function of a condenser is to cool and condense high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. During this process, the refrigerant releases a large amount of heat, which is typically carried away by a cooling medium such as air or water. The condenser structure can consist of pipes and heat sinks to increase the heat dissipation area and improve cooling efficiency.

[0035] The main function of a throttling device is to reduce the pressure of high-pressure liquid refrigerant, transforming it into a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid refrigerant before it enters the evaporator. Types of throttling devices include capillary tubes, thermostatic expansion valves, and electronic expansion valves, each with different regulating performance and applicable ranges.

[0036] An evaporator in a refrigeration system absorbs heat from the surrounding environment and evaporates into a low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, thus achieving refrigeration. Evaporators typically consist of pipes and fins to increase the contact area with air or the object being cooled, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a refrigeration device, which adopts the refrigeration system of the above embodiments of this application. The refrigeration device can be any one of a refrigerator, freezer, water dispenser, automotive air conditioner, central air conditioner, dehumidifier, cold storage, commercial refrigeration equipment, ice water machine, ice cream machine, and refrigeration condensing unit.

[0038] The mixed refrigerant in this embodiment meets the requirements of a new type of environmentally friendly refrigerant. Its thermodynamic properties are similar to R134a, with a temperature glide of less than 5°C and a volumetric refrigeration capacity greater than that of R134a. It exhibits excellent performance and can replace the widely used R134a refrigerant. Under appropriate proportions, the mixture can have a low atmospheric boiling point, resulting in good low-temperature refrigeration capabilities.

[0039] The performance of the mixed refrigerant in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.

[0040] The method for preparing the mixed refrigerant in this embodiment is to physically mix the first component (3,3,3-trifluoropropyne), the second component (dimethyl ether), and the third component (propylene and / or cyclopropane) in a liquid phase at room temperature according to their mass percentages. The basic parameters of each component are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1: Basic parameters of each component

[0042]

[0043] In Examples 1-20 and Comparative Examples 1-6, different mixed refrigerants were prepared by mixing the components in different proportions. The formulations of the different mixed refrigerants are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2: Formulations of different mixed refrigerants

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] in:

[0048] In Example 1, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 4% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 4% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 92% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0049] In Example 2, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 8% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 84% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0050] In Example 3, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 16% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 12% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 72% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0051] In Example 4, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 24% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 68% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0052] In Example 5, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 36% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 56% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 8% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0053] In Example 6, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 44% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 4% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 52% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0054] In Example 7, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 48% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 48% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 4% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0055] In Example 8, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 4% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 4% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 92% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0056] In Example 9, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 8% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 84% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0057] In Example 10, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 16% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 16% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 68% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0058] In Example 11, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 20% ​​by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 20% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 60% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0059] In Example 12, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 28% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 24% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 48% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0060] In Example 13, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 36% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 24% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 40% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0061] In Example 14, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 44% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 44% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 12% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0062] In Example 15, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 52% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 16% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 32% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0063] In Example 16, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 60% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 4% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 36% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0064] In Example 17, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 8% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 72% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 12% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0065] In Example 18, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 16% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 24% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 16% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 44% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0066] In Example 19, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 24% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 8% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 60% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0067] In Example 20, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 32% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 32% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 8% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 28% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0068] In Comparative Example 1, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 56% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 24% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 20% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0069] In Comparative Example 2, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 80% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 8% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 12% by mass of propylene (R1270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0070] In Comparative Example 3, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 68% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 16% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 16% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0071] In Comparative Example 4, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 80% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 4% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), and 16% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in a liquid phase at room temperature.

[0072] In Comparative Example 5, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 48% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 24% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 16% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 12% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in the liquid phase at room temperature.

[0073] In Comparative Example 6, a mixed refrigerant was obtained by physically mixing 56% by mass of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne (TFP), 16% by mass of dimethyl ether (RE170), 16% by mass of propylene (R1270), and 12% by mass of cyclopropane (RC270) in the liquid phase at room temperature.

[0074] Under the following design conditions: evaporator evaporation temperature is 10℃, condenser condensation temperature is 40℃, the vapor phase at the evaporator outlet is in a superheated state with a superheat of 5℃, the liquid phase at the condenser outlet is in a subcooled state with a subcooling of 5℃, and the compressor adiabatic efficiency is 0.75. Theoretical calculations were performed using the cycle performance parameters of Examples 1-20, Comparative Examples 1-6, and R134a refrigerant in the refrigeration system. All physical property data were taken from REFPROP 10.0. The GWP (calculated as a linear summation of mass percentages), relative volumetric cooling / heating capacity Qv (ratio to R134a's volumetric cooling / heating capacity), relative coefficient of performance COP (ratio to R134a's coefficient of performance), atmospheric boiling point (bubble point temperature), and temperature glide were compared. The comparison results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0075] Table 3: Performance Comparison Results of Different Refrigerant Mixtures and R134a

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] The results above show that the GWP of the mixed refrigerant formulations in Examples 1-20 are all less than 150, exhibiting excellent environmental performance and fully meeting the current Kigali Amendment requirements for refrigerant control. All refrigerant formulations have a relative volumetric refrigeration capacity greater than 1.1, a relative coefficient of performance greater than 0.9, and a maximum volumetric refrigeration capacity that is 60% higher than that of R134a. The temperature glide is within 5°C, indicating a small temperature glide. Comparative Examples 1-6 are outside the mass percentage range provided in this application, exhibiting smaller relative volumetric refrigeration capacities and relative coefficients of performance, and larger temperature glide.

[0079] As described above, the mixed refrigerant GWP of this application embodiment is less than 150, and its volumetric cooling capacity is better than that of R134a. Its thermal performance is also comparable to or even better than that of R134a refrigerant, and it can replace R134a.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixed refrigerant, characterized in that, The mixed refrigerant is composed of a first component, a second component, and a third component; wherein the first component is 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, the second component is dimethyl ether, and the third component is at least one of propylene and cyclopropane, and the sum of the mass percentages of each component is 100%. The mixed refrigerant, by weight percentage, comprises 1%-48% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, 1%-56% of dimethyl ether, and 4%-92% of propylene; or, by weight percentage, the mixed refrigerant comprises 1%-60% of 3,3,3-trifluoropropyne, 4%-44% of dimethyl ether, and 12%-92% of cyclopropane; or, by weight percentage, the mixed refrigerant comprises 4%-32% of a first component, 8%-72% of a second component, 8%-72% of propylene, and 12%-76% of cyclopropane.

2. A composition, characterized in that, It contains a lubricant and the mixed refrigerant as described in claim 1.

3. The composition according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lubricant includes one or more of the following: silicone oil, polyalkylbenzene, polyol ester, polyalkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol ester, polyethylene ether, and polyalphaolefin.

4. A refrigeration system, characterized in that, The refrigeration system circulates the mixed refrigerant of claim 1 or the composition of claim 2 or 3.

5. A refrigeration device, characterized in that, The refrigeration equipment uses the refrigeration system described in claim 4.

Images