High-stability light centrifugal ventilator for motor train unit

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of centrifugal fan, and discloses a high-stability light centrifugal fan for motor train unit, which comprises a fan body, the fan body is connected with the motor train body through the installation of a mounting bracket, an air inlet channel is arranged on the fan body for air flow circulation, an impeller is arranged in the fan body and located on the air flow guide track of the air inlet channel, the impeller comprises a wheel body and guide vanes arranged in the wheel body for guiding air flow output, and an air inlet is arranged at one end of the wheel body and communicates with the air inlet channel, the guide vanes comprise fixed vanes and first and second adjusting vanes arranged at the two ends of the fixed vanes, and the first and second adjusting vanes are both provided with a guide element for adjusting the connection angle between the first and second adjusting vanes and the fixed vanes. The present application solves the problem that the guide vanes of the existing centrifugal fan cannot well adapt to the working condition change and also hinder the flow, resulting in additional energy loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of centrifugal fans, and in particular to a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for electric trains. Background Art

[0002] The converter and main motor on the EMU are key equipment to ensure its high-speed operation. However, during operation, the converter and main motor will generate a lot of heat, which needs to be carried away by high-speed air, so forced ventilation with fans is required.

[0003] Existing centrifugal fans typically lack guide vanes at their impeller outlets. Those with guide vanes typically have fixed vanes. Centrifugal impellers without guide vanes, or with fixed vanes, are unable to adjust their angle relative to the incoming flow according to the impeller's outflow direction. When the fluid machinery is operating under off-design conditions, during startup or shutdown, these impellers not only fail to adapt effectively to changing operating conditions but also hinder flow, resulting in additional energy loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs, which solves the problem that the guide vanes of existing centrifuges cannot adapt well to changes in working conditions and also hinder the flow, causing additional energy loss.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU, comprising:

[0006] The fan body is connected to the motor vehicle body via a mounting frame;

[0007] An air inlet channel is provided on the fan body for air flow;

[0008] The impeller is arranged in the fan body and located on the guide track of the air volume of the air inlet channel. It includes a wheel body and guide vanes installed in the wheel body for guiding the output of the air flow. One end of the wheel body is provided with an air inlet that penetrates the air inlet channel.

[0009] The guide vane includes a stator vane and a first adjustment guide vane and a second adjustment guide vane installed at both ends of the stator vane. One end of the first adjustment guide vane and the second adjustment guide vane are both installed with a guide member for adjusting the connection angle between the first adjustment guide vane and the second adjustment guide vane and the stator vane. The first adjustment guide vane and the second adjustment guide vane both extend inside the stator vane. The width of the inner cavity of the stator vane is greater than the thickness of the first adjustment guide vane and the second adjustment guide vane to accommodate the first adjustment guide vane and the second adjustment guide vane to rotate at a preset angle inside the stator vane.

[0010] The first and second guide vanes cooperate with the stator vanes to adjust the outflow angle to form a first angular position, a second angular position, a third angular position, and a fourth angular position to adapt to the incoming flow angle;

[0011] The guide member includes a guide sleeve mounted on the lower end surface of the guide vane, a top sleeve adapted to the width of the guide sleeve and located at the center thereof is mounted on the bottom surface of the guide sleeve, a rotary disk is sleeved under the top sleeve, a plurality of grid plates are arranged on the rotary disk, and the angle between adjacent grid plates is 18 degrees. A limiter for limiting the rotation angle is mounted on the rotary disk;

[0012] The limiter is annularly arranged on the turntable, and the limiter includes two limit units arranged symmetrically on the left and right. A bottom sleeve is provided at the bottom of the limit unit. The limit unit includes a limit end located on the side wall of the turntable and a connecting section attached to the bottom of the turntable. An extension section arranged perpendicular to it is installed on the connecting section. A pushing device and a rebound part that assists the two limit units in rebounding as a whole are installed between the extension sections of the two limit units.

[0013] In a single specific embodiment, the end of the limit end is equipped with an end cap that is embedded in the side wall of the rotating disk;

[0014] The rotating disk is provided with a partition groove at the same installation position as the partition plate, and the center line of the partition groove coincides with the center line of the partition plate;

[0015] The depth of the dividing groove is adapted to the structural length of the end head. The minimum distance between the limiting ends of the two limiting units is the diameter length of the turntable. A right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable to drive the turntable to rotate.

[0016] In a single specific embodiment, a guide wheel is installed at the bottom of each of the first and second guide vanes, and a wheel groove adapted to the size of the guide wheel is opened on a structure at one end of the wheel body. The guide wheel releases the right-angle motor and the limit unit in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first and second guide vanes.

[0017] The limit angles formed by the first guide vane in the wheel slot are the first angular position and the third angular position at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second guide vane in the wheel slot are the second angular position and the fourth angular position at points C and D.

[0018] In a single specific embodiment, a shock-absorbing ring is installed on the outer ring surface of the air inlet channel, and the shock-absorbing ring is a hollow annular rubber structure.

[0019] In a single specific embodiment, the air inlet of the wheel body is arc-shaped, and the opening diameter of the air inlet is the same as the circumferential diameter of the front end of the guide vane in the initial state.

[0020] In a single specific embodiment, the mounting frame includes a frame plate surrounding the wheel body, a bottom plate is provided at the bottom end of the frame plate and perpendicular to the end surface of the frame plate, and a connecting rod is used to compensate and support the bottom plate and the frame plate.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a high-stability, lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In this solution, the guide vanes are separated into stator vanes and first and second adjustment guide vanes installed at both ends of the stator vanes. The angle change between the first and second adjustment guide vanes and the stator vanes caused by the action of the guide members is utilized to change the guide vane angle in the initial state to the coordination of the first, second, third and fourth angle positions, thereby changing the change of the existing guide vanes to the outflow angle, increasing the adaptation effect to the incoming flow angle, thereby improving the use effect under different working conditions and reducing energy loss.

[0023] Based on the shape setting of the shock-absorbing ring in this solution, a small amount of air is stored inside the hollow annular rubber structure after molding, which forms a certain compression during installation to achieve sealed contact with the air duct, ensuring that the airflow enters the air inlet without leakage. At the same time, the compressibility of the internal air also plays a damping role, which can absorb the vibration transmitted from the air duct and the air inlet.

[0024] In accordance with the preset rotation requirements of the first guide vane and the second guide vane relative to the stator vane, the guide members arranged at the lower ends of the first guide vane and the second guide vane achieve the expected purpose. The limiters arranged in the guide members and the right-angle motors produce a synergistic effect on the one hand, and drive the turntable to rotate under the action of the right-angle motor to achieve the purpose of rotating the first guide vane or the second guide vane relative to the stator vane. On the other hand, the limiters play a restraining role on the right-angle motor. Based on the alignment relationship between the end of the limiter and the dividing slot, the excess driving torque generated by the right-angle motor can be corrected by operating the limiter, thereby increasing the rotation accuracy of the first guide vane and the second guide vane relative to the stator vane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic axonometric diagram of the overall structure of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic top view of the overall structure of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an impeller of a high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4It is a guide vane structure diagram of the high-stability light centrifugal fan for the motor train unit of the application;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a guide structure diagram of the high-stability light centrifugal fan for the motor train unit of the application;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a limiting unit structure diagram of the high-stability light centrifugal fan for the motor train unit of the application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a mounting rack structure diagram of the high-stability light centrifugal fan for the motor train unit of the application.

[0032] Reference signs in the drawings:

[0033] 1, fan body;

[0034] 2, mounting rack; 21, frame plate; 22, bottom plate; 23, connecting rod;

[0035] 3, air inlet channel;

[0036] 4, impeller; 41, wheel body; 42, guide vane; 421, fixed vane; 422, first guide vane; 423, second guide vane; 424, guide wheel; 43, air inlet; 44, guide; 441, guide sleeve; 442, top sleeve; 443, rotary disc; 444, partition plate; 445, limiter; 4451, bottom sleeve; 4452, limiting unit; 4453, limiting end; 4454, connecting section; 4455, extension section; 4456, pushing device; 4457, elastic member; 4458, end; 446, partition slot;

[0037] 5, shock-absorbing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7The impeller 4 of the existing centrifugal fan targeted by the embodiments of the present invention generally does not have guide vanes 42 at its outlet. Where guide vanes 42 are provided, the impeller 4 is typically fixed. Centrifugal impellers 4 without guide vanes 42 or with fixed guide vanes 42 are unable to adjust their relative angle to the incoming flow according to the outflow direction of the impeller 4. When the fluid machinery is operating under non-designed operating conditions, during startup or shutdown, such impellers 4 are not only unable to adapt well to changing operating conditions, but also hinder flow, resulting in additional energy loss.

[0040] Based on the above problem of poor angle adjustment effect of the impeller 4 of the existing centrifugal fan, this solution describes a specific solution, which separates the guide vane 42 into a stator vane 421 and a first adjustment guide vane 422 and a second adjustment guide vane 423 installed at both ends of the stator vane 421. The angle change between the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 and the stator vane 421 caused by the action of the guide member 44 is utilized to change the angle of the guide vane 42 in the initial state to the first angle position, the second angle position, the third angle position and the fourth angle position, thereby changing the change of the existing guide vane 42 for the outflow angle and increasing the adaptation effect for the incoming flow angle, thereby improving the use effect under different working conditions and reducing energy loss.

[0041] This embodiment describes a high-stability, lightweight centrifugal fan for EMUs. Specifically, based on a fan body 1, a mounting frame 2 is connected to the EMU body. The mounting frame 2 includes a frame plate 21 surrounding a wheel body 41. A top plate is positioned at the bottom end of the frame plate 21 and perpendicular to the end surface of the frame plate 21. A connecting rod 23 is provided between the top plate and the frame plate 21 to provide compensatory support. This ensures stability on the EMU train. Furthermore, an air inlet duct 3 communicating with the inner cavity of the impeller 4 is formed in the fan body 1. A shock-absorbing ring 5 is mounted on the outer annular surface of the air inlet duct 3. The shock-absorbing ring 5 is a hollow annular rubber structure. After molding, a small amount of air is retained within the hollow annular rubber structure. During installation, a certain degree of compression is generated, achieving sealed contact with the air duct, ensuring leak-free airflow into the air inlet 43. Furthermore, the compressibility of the internal air also acts as a damping agent, absorbing vibrations transmitted from the air duct and the air inlet 43. In order to meet the air volume flow with the ventilation duct of the EMU, the impeller 4 is arranged in the fan body 1 and is located on the guide track of the air volume of the air inlet channel 3. In this specific embodiment, the specific improvement made to the existing technical problems is to meet the purpose of adapting the outflow angle to the incoming flow angle after adjustment. A guide vane 42 is provided inside the impeller 4. The outer part of the guide vane 42 is provided with a wheel body 41, and an air inlet 43 that is connected to the air inlet channel 3 is provided at one end of the wheel body 41. The air inlet 43 provided by the wheel body 41 is arc-shaped, and the opening diameter of the air inlet 43 is the same as the diameter of the front end of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, ensuring that there is no friction during operation and the leakage is as small as possible. The ventilation area is made of high-strength aluminum material, which is integrally press-formed to ensure strength and rigidity and reduce weight. A stabilizing ring is welded in the installation area of ​​the air inlet 43 to ensure the stability of the installation and provide support for the shock-absorbing ring 5.

[0042] In order to solve the problem that the guide vane 42 is unable to adapt to the change of the incoming flow angle due to the predetermined angle, the guide vane 42 is separated into a fixed vane 421 and a first adjusting guide vane 422 and a second adjusting guide vane 423. The first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 are located at both ends of the fixed vane 421. In the initial state, the fixed vane 421, the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 are smooth arcs. One end of the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 is equipped with a guide member 44 for adjusting the connection angle between the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the second adjusting guide vane 423 and the fixed vane 421. Under the adjustment of the guide member 44, the angle between the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the fixed vane 421 is changed, or the angle between the second adjusting guide vane 423 and the fixed vane 421 is changed. The angle between the guide vane 423 and the stator vane 421, or even the angle between the first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 and the stator vane 421, three forms of change will adjust the incoming flow angle and the outgoing flow angle. The first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 both extend inside the stator vane 421. The width of the inner cavity of the stator vane 421 is greater than the thickness of the first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 to accommodate the first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 to rotate to a preset angle inside the stator vane 421, without leaving a gap between the first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 and the stator vane 421 when the first and second adjusting guide vanes 422 and 423 change their existing angles.

[0043] The first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 cooperate with the fixed vane 421 to adjust the outflow angle, forming a first angular position, a second angular position, a third angular position and a fourth angular position to adapt to the incoming flow angle. The limit angles formed by the first guide vane 422 in the wheel groove are the first angular position and the third angular position at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second guide vane 423 in the wheel groove are the second angular position and the fourth angular position at points C and D. The bottoms of the first guide vane 422 and the second guide vane 423 are both installed with a guide wheel 424, and a structure at one end of the wheel body 41 is provided with a guide wheel 424. The wheel groove is of suitable size. Under the premise of ensuring the overall strength and rigidity, the wheel body 41 is welded with alloy aluminum. The aluminum alloy plate is press-formed and folded before welding. The outer circle of the front wheel disc with the air inlet 43 is folded by 5mm, and the middle part of the rear wheel disc opposite to the front wheel disc is press-formed by 8mm and the outer circle is folded by 5mm. With very little increase in material, the rigidity of the structure is greatly improved, better shock absorption and earthquake resistance are achieved, the stability of the impeller 4 during high-speed rotation is improved, and lightweight is achieved. The wheel core is made of wear-resistant high-quality structural steel to achieve better installation and matching. The wheel body 41 and the wheel core made of different materials adopt a riveted structure. The guide wheel 424 releases the right-angle motor and the limit unit 4452 in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423. The first angular position of the first adjustment guide vane 422 cooperates with the fourth angle of the second adjustment guide vane 423 to form a post-image centrifugal fan. At this time, the airflow impact angle received by the blade is reduced, the load is reduced, and the speed angle increases when the airflow leaves. The actual flow rate is slower than the outflow speed of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, and its impact angle on the wheel body 41 is larger, and the supercharging effect generated is stronger than the radial type. Therefore, after the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 produce the above angle changes, the stepping efficiency is higher than that in the initial state and it is not easy to overload because the load is smaller. The above description It can be summarized that it is suitable for use under conditions where flow rates change. The third angular position of the first adjusting guide vane 422 cooperates with the second angular position of the second adjusting guide vane 423 to form a forward centrifugal fan. At this time, the angle at which the guide vane 42 is impacted by the airflow will increase, but the angle of the airflow departure velocity is smaller. The actual flow rate will be greater than that of the guide vane 42 in the initial state, and the angle of impact on the wheel body 41 will be smaller. Therefore, the air volume is large and the wind pressure is small. Therefore, the guide vane 42 formed by the first angular position of the first adjusting guide vane 422 and the fourth angular position of the second adjusting guide vane 423 can provide a larger air volume at a lower speed and noise, and is suitable for use under conditions of low wind pressure and stable air volume. The change of the two extreme angles can adaptively adjust to various working conditions within the train set.

[0044] In order to achieve the angle adjustment of the first and second guide vanes 422 and 423 relative to the fixed vanes 421, a guide member 44 is specifically provided for adjustment. The guide member 44 includes a guide sleeve 441 installed on the lower end surface of the guide vane 42, and a top sleeve 442 adapted to its width and located at its center is installed on the bottom of the guide sleeve 441. A rotary disk 443 is sleeved under the top sleeve 442. A plurality of grid plates 444 for spacing specific angles are provided on the rotary disk 443. The angle between adjacent grid plates 444 is 18 degrees. A limiter 445 for limiting the rotation angle is installed on the rotary disk 443. The limiter 445 is circumferentially arranged on the rotary disk 443. The limiter 445 includes two symmetrically arranged limit units 4452, and a bottom sleeve 4 is provided at the bottom of the limit unit 4452. 451, the limiting unit 4452 includes a limiting end 4453 located on the side wall of the turntable 443 and a connecting section 4454 attached to the bottom of the turntable 443, the connecting section 4454 is installed with an extension section 4455 arranged perpendicular to it, the end of the limiting end 4453 is installed with an end head 4458 embedded in the side wall of the turntable 443, the end head 4458 is frustum-shaped, and a dividing groove 446 with the same installation position as the dividing plate 444 is opened on the turntable 443, the center line of the dividing groove 446 coincides with the center line of the dividing plate 444, the depth of the dividing groove 446 is adapted to the structural length of the end head 4458, the minimum distance between the limiting ends 4453 of the two limiting units 4452 is the diameter length of the turntable 443, and a right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the turntable 443 to drive the rotation angle of the turntable 443. A pushing device 4456 and a rebound member 4457 for assisting the overall rebound of the two limiting units 4452 are installed between the extension sections 4455 of the two limiting units 4452. The specific role of the rebound member 4457 in this specific embodiment is to use its own expansion and contraction to provide space for adjusting the spacing between the two limiting units 4452. Its two ends are specifically installed on the relative structures of the two extension sections 4455. It uses its own expansion and contraction to generate a pull-back force after the force between the two limiting units 4452 disappears and drive the two limiting units back to their initial positions, thereby releasing the limiting effect on the turntable 443.The pushing device 4456 is specifically a cylinder to separate the two limit units 4452, destroying the state where they are at the initial spacing value. The preset rotation requirements of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 relative to the stator vane 421 are achieved by the guide member 44 at the lower end of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423. The limiter 445 set in the guide member 44 and the setting of the right-angle motor produce a synergistic effect on the one hand. Under the action of the right-angle motor, the turntable is driven to rotate to achieve the purpose of rotating the first adjustment guide vane 422 or the second adjustment guide vane 423 relative to the stator vane 421. On the other hand, the limiter 445 plays a restraining role on the right-angle motor. Based on the alignment relationship between the end 4458 of the limiter 445 and the dividing slot 446, the excess driving torque generated by the right-angle motor can be corrected by operating the limiter 445, thereby increasing the rotation accuracy of the first adjustment guide vane 422 and the second adjustment guide vane 423 relative to the stator vane 421.

[0045] The electrical components described in this article are automatically controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be implemented by simple programming by a person skilled in the art. The provision of power is also common knowledge in the art. The present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and circuit connection will not be explained in detail in this invention.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0047] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU, characterized in that: include: A fan body (1), the fan body (1) is connected to the motor vehicle body by providing a mounting frame (2); An air inlet channel (3) is provided on the fan body (1) for air flow; An impeller (4) is disposed in the fan body (1) and is located on a guide track of the air volume of the air inlet channel (3), comprising a wheel body (41) and a guide vane (42) installed in the wheel body (41) for guiding the output of the air flow, and an air inlet (43) is provided at one end of the wheel body (41) and is communicated with the air inlet channel (3); The guide vane (42) includes a fixed vane (421) and a first adjusting guide vane (422) and a second adjusting guide vane (423) installed at both ends of the fixed vane (421). One end of the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) is installed with a guide member (44) for adjusting the connection angle between the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) and the fixed vane (421). The first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) extend inside the fixed vane (421). The width of the inner cavity of the fixed vane (421) is greater than the thickness of the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) to accommodate the first adjusting guide vane (422) and the second adjusting guide vane (423) to rotate at a preset angle inside the fixed vane (421). The first regulating guide vane (422) and the second regulating guide vane (423) cooperate with the stator vane (421) to adjust the outflow angle to form a first angular position, a second angular position, a third angular position, and a fourth angular position to adapt to the incoming flow angle; The guide member (44) includes a guide sleeve (441) mounted on the lower end surface of the guide vane (42); a top sleeve (442) adapted to the width of the guide sleeve and located at the center thereof is mounted on the bottom surface of the guide sleeve (441); a rotary disk (443) is sleeved below the top sleeve (442); a plurality of grid plates (444) are arranged on the rotary disk (443); an angle between adjacent grid plates (444) is 18 degrees; and a stopper (445) with a limited rotation angle is mounted on the rotary disk (443); The limiter (445) is circumferentially arranged on the rotary disk (443), and the limiter (445) includes two symmetrically arranged limit units (4452). A bottom sleeve (4451) is provided at the bottom of the limit unit (4452). The limit unit (4452) includes a limit end (4453) located on the side wall of the rotary disk (443) and a connecting section (4454) attached to the bottom of the rotary disk (443). An extension section (4455) arranged perpendicular to the connecting section (4454) is installed. A push-up device (4456) and a rebound member (4457) for assisting the two limit units (4452) to rebound as a whole are installed between the extension sections (4455).

2. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the limiting end (4453) is provided with an end head (4458) embedded in the side wall of the rotating disk (443); The rotating disk (443) is provided with a partition groove (446) at the same installation position as the partition plate (444), and the center line of the partition groove (446) coincides with the center line of the partition plate (444); The depth of the compartment groove (446) is adapted to the structural length of the end head (4458), the minimum spacing between the limiting ends (4453) of the two limiting units (4452) is the diameter length of the rotary disk (443), and a right-angle motor is installed at the bottom of the rotary disk (443) to drive the rotary disk (443) to rotate at an angle.

3. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the first guide vane (422) and the second guide vane (423) are both equipped with guide wheels (424). A wheel groove adapted to the size of the guide wheel (424) is provided on a structure at one end of the wheel body (41). The guide wheel (424) releases the right-angle motor and the limiting unit (4452) in the wheel groove to change the angle of the first guide vane (422) and the second guide vane (423). The limit angles formed by the first regulating guide vane (422) in the wheel groove are the first angular position and the third angular position located at points A and B, and the limit angles formed by the second regulating guide vane (423) in the wheel groove are the second angular position and the fourth angular position located at points C and D.

4. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for an EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing ring (5) is installed on the outer ring surface of the air inlet channel (3), and the shock-absorbing ring (5) is a hollow annular rubber structure.

5. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (43) opened on the wheel body (41) is in an arc shape, and the opening diameter of the air inlet (43) is the same as the diameter of the front end of the guide vane (42) in the initial state.

6. The high-stability lightweight centrifugal fan for EMU according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting frame (2) includes a frame plate (21) surrounding the wheel body (41), a bottom plate (22) located at the bottom end of the frame plate (21) and perpendicular to the end surface of the frame plate (21), and a connecting rod (23) is provided between the bottom plate (22) and the frame plate (21) for compensation support.

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