Combustor and method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a burner, which comprises a body, a pulverized coal pipe, a ventilation pipe assembly and a valve assembly, the body has a chamber, the pulverized coal pipe is arranged in the chamber and one end of the pulverized coal pipe extends into a backflow area of the chamber, the pulverized coal pipe has a coal outlet, the coal outlet is communicated with the backflow area, the ventilation pipe assembly is sleeved on the pulverized coal pipe, the ventilation pipe assembly has a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel which are arranged from inside to outside in sequence and are all communicated with the backflow area, the valve assembly comprises a first adjusting valve, a second adjusting valve and a third adjusting valve, the first adjusting valve is arranged at an air inlet of the first flow channel and is used for adjusting the air volume entering the first flow channel, the second adjusting valve is arranged at an air inlet of the second flow channel and is used for adjusting the air volume entering the second flow channel, and the third adjusting valve is arranged at an air inlet of the third flow channel and is used for adjusting the air volume entering the third flow channel. The burner of the embodiment of the application is suitable for different coal types and has strong adaptability.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of burners, in particular, to a burner and a running method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Deep peak regulation operation of coal power units is an important measure to promote the construction of new energy system and steadily achieve the "double carbon" goal. Under this background, it is urgent to develop low-load stable combustion technology with good operation economy and reliability. Compared with the commonly used plasma ignition, oil combustion and other ignition and stable combustion technologies, the technology of using a small amount of coal powder to ignite and stabilize the main coal powder gas flow (referred to as "coal ignites coal" technology) is considered to have obvious advantages in economy and reliability.

[0003] In related technologies, the reverse injection combustion technology can strengthen the rapid heating and stable combustion of coal powder by constructing a high-temperature backflow area inside the combustion chamber due to its innovative combustion organization mode, and is considered to be a kind of ignition and stable combustion technology with great application prospect, which can completely adapt to the "coal ignites coal" technology. However, the reverse injection combustion technology is prone to fluctuations and has low reliability when burning different coal types due to the change of fuel characteristics. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to at least partially solve one of the problems in the related art.

[0005] To this end, an embodiment of the present application proposes a burner and a running method.

[0006] The burner of the embodiment of the present application comprises:

[0007] a body, the body having a chamber, one end of the chamber having a backflow area;

[0008] a coal powder pipe, the coal powder pipe being arranged in the chamber and one end of the coal powder pipe extending into the backflow area, the coal powder pipe having a coal outlet, the coal outlet being in communication with the backflow area;

[0009] a ventilation pipe assembly, the ventilation pipe assembly being sleeved on the coal powder pipe, the ventilation pipe assembly having a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a third flow channel arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel all being in communication with the backflow area to ventilate the backflow area and facilitate the combustion of coal powder in the backflow area;

[0010] The valve assembly comprises a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve and a third regulating valve, the first regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet of the first flow channel and is used for regulating the air volume entering the first flow channel, the second regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet of the second flow channel and is used for regulating the air volume entering the second flow channel, and the third regulating valve is arranged at the air inlet of the third flow channel and is used for regulating the air volume entering the third flow channel.

[0011] The combustor, the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are arranged in the embodiment of the present application, three layers of rotating air flows are sequentially wrapped from inside to outside, sufficient oxygen is provided for the coal powder in the backflow area, the low pressure area is formed in the internal air flow, the entrainment effect of the high-temperature air flow and the formation of the backflow area are promoted, the sizes of the air flows in the first flow channel, the second flow channel and the third flow channel are adjusted by the regulating valve, the size of the diffusion range of the air flow out of the flow channel is adjusted, for example, the radial width of the whole rotational flow air is reduced by sequentially closing or reducing the opening degrees of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve and the third regulating valve, the radial width of the backflow area is adjusted, the coal type adaptability of the combustor is improved, and the adjustment process is simple, flexible and effective.

[0012] In some embodiments, the combustor further comprises a flow guide assembly, the flow guide assembly comprises a first flow guide, a second flow guide and a third flow guide, the first flow guide is arranged on the first flow channel and adjacent to the backflow area to adjust the wind direction of the air entering the backflow area from the first flow channel, the second flow guide is arranged on the second flow channel and adjacent to the backflow area to adjust the wind direction of the air entering the backflow area from the second flow channel, and the third flow guide is arranged on the third flow channel and adjacent to the backflow area to adjust the wind direction of the air entering the backflow area from the third flow channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, the ventilation pipe assembly comprises a fixed pipe, a first air pipe, a second air pipe and a third air pipe arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the fixed pipe is sleeved on the coal powder pipe and connected with the coal powder pipe, the first flow channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the fixed pipe and the inner circumferential surface of the first air pipe, the first flow guide is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the fixed pipe and the inner circumferential surface of the first air pipe and surrounds the inner circumferential surface of the first air pipe,

[0014] the second flow channel is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the first air pipe and the inner circumferential surface of the second air pipe, the second flow guide is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the first air pipe and the inner circumferential surface of the second air pipe and surrounds the inner circumferential surface of the second air pipe,

[0015] The third flow channel is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the second duct and the inner peripheral surface of the third duct, and the third flow guide is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the second duct and the inner peripheral surface of the third duct and is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the third duct.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first guide member includes a plurality of first guide vanes, which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the first duct; the second guide member includes a plurality of second guide vanes, which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the second duct; and the third guide member includes a plurality of third guide vanes, which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the third duct.

[0017] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the first guide vane and the extension direction of the first duct have an angle α, 30°≤a≤80°, the extension direction of the second guide vane and the extension direction of the second duct have an angle b, 30°≤b≤80°, and the extension direction of the third guide vane and the extension direction of the third duct have an angle c, 30°≤c≤80°.

[0018] In some embodiments, the burner further includes:

[0019] The first branch pipe is located at the end of the first duct away from the first guide member. The first branch pipe has a first air inlet and ventilates into the first flow channel through the first air inlet. The first regulating valve is located at the first air inlet.

[0020] The second branch pipe is located at the end of the second duct away from the second guide member. The second branch pipe has a second air inlet and ventilates into the second flow channel through the second air inlet. The second regulating valve is located at the second air inlet.

[0021] The third branch pipe is located at the end of the third air duct away from the third guide member. The third branch pipe has a third air inlet and ventilates into the third flow channel through the third air inlet. The third regulating valve is located at the third air inlet.

[0022] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a main pipe connected to the first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the third air inlet, through which ventilation is supplied to the first air inlet, the second air inlet, and the third air inlet.

[0023] The third duct has a cavity at one end adjacent to the third branch pipe, the cavity is connected to the third branch pipe, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential contour of the cavity is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential contour of the third flow channel.

[0024] In some embodiments, the burner further includes an end plate and a connecting block. The end plate is disposed at one end of the ventilation duct assembly away from the recirculation zone. The fixed pipe, the first air duct, the second air duct, and the third air duct are all fixedly connected to the end plate. The connecting block is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the pulverized coal pipe and the inner peripheral surface of the fixed pipe.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pulverized coal pipe, the fixed pipe, the first air duct, the second air duct, and the third air duct are coaxially arranged.

[0026] The burner operation method of this invention includes:

[0027] Air is introduced into the main pipe, and the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, and the third regulating valve are opened to allow air to flow into the first flow channel, the second flow channel, and the third flow channel.

[0028] The air in the first flow channel flows into the return flow area through the first guide member, the air in the second flow channel flows into the return flow area through the second guide member, and the air in the third flow channel flows into the return flow area through the third guide member.

[0029] Adjust the opening degrees of the first regulating valve, the second regulating valve, and the third regulating valve to adjust the diffusion range of the air flowing out from the guide.

[0030] The burner operation method of this invention adjusts the airflow in the first, second, and third flow channels by regulating valves to adjust the diffusion range of the airflow as it flows out of the channels. For example, the radial width of the overall swirling airflow can be reduced by sequentially closing or reducing the opening of the first, second, and third regulating valves, thereby adjusting the radial width of the recirculation zone. This improves the burner's coal adaptability, and the adjustment process is simple, flexible, and effective. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a front view of the burner according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals: 1. Body; 11. Chamber; 12. Recirculation zone; 2. Pulverized coal pipe; 21. Coal outlet; 3. Ventilation pipe assembly; 31. Fixed pipe; 32. First air duct; 33. Second air duct; 34. Third air duct; 35. First flow channel; 36. Second flow channel; 37. Third flow channel; 4. Valve assembly; 41. First regulating valve; 42. Second regulating valve; 43. Third regulating valve; 5. Flow guiding assembly; 51. First flow guiding component; 52. Second flow guiding component; 53. Third flow guiding component; 61. First branch pipe; 611. First air inlet; 62. Second branch pipe; 621. Second air inlet; 63. Third branch pipe; 631. Third air inlet; 632. Pipe cavity; 71. Main pipe; 72. End plate; 73. Connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0035] like Figures 1-2 As shown, the burner in this embodiment of the invention includes a body 1, a pulverized coal pipe 2, a ventilation pipe assembly 3, and a valve assembly 4. The body 1 extends along a first direction (e.g., Figure 1 (as shown in the left-right direction) and has a chamber 11, one end of the chamber 11 (as shown in the left-right direction) Figure 1 The right end of the chamber 11 shown has a reflux zone 12. A pulverized coal pipe 2 is disposed within the chamber 11 and extends along a first direction. The left end of the pulverized coal pipe 2 extends beyond the left end of the body 1. One end of the pulverized coal pipe 2 (e.g., Figure 1 The right end of the pulverized coal pipe 2 shown extends into the reflux zone 12. The right end of the pulverized coal pipe 2 has a coal outlet 21, which is connected to the reflux zone 12. The pulverized coal pipe 2 is used to introduce pulverized coal into the reflux zone 12.

[0036] The ventilation pipe assembly 3 is fitted onto the pulverized coal pipe 2. The ventilation pipe assembly 3 has a first flow channel 35, a second flow channel 36 and a third flow channel 37 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first flow channel 35, the second flow channel 36 and the third flow channel 37 all extend along the first direction and are all connected to the return flow zone 12 to ventilate the return flow zone 12, so as to facilitate the combustion of pulverized coal in the return flow zone 12.

[0037] Specifically, the air flowing out from the first flow channel 35 forms an annular airflow arranged around the pulverized coal pipe 2, the air flowing out from the second flow channel 36 forms an annular airflow arranged around the first flow channel 35, and the air flowing out from the third flow channel 37 forms an annular airflow arranged around the second flow channel 36. Thus, the air flowing out from the first flow channel 35, the second flow channel 36, and the third flow channel 37 constructs a three-layer rotating airflow that wraps around the pulverized coal in the return zone 12 from the inside out. This provides sufficient oxygen for the pulverized coal in the return zone 12, helps to form a low-pressure zone inside the airflow, promotes the entrainment effect of the high-temperature airflow and the formation of the return zone 12. Moreover, the annular airflow in the return zone 12 can also reduce the temperature of the inner wall surface of the return zone 12, effectively preventing pulverized coal from adhering and coking on the inner wall surface of the return zone 12.

[0038] Specifically, the pulverized coal pipe 2 is long and thin. Through the pulverized coal pipe 2 and the ventilation pipe assembly 3, the length-to-diameter ratio of the burner is increased, making it easier for the burner of this embodiment to extend into the main pulverized coal burner of the power plant boiler, which facilitates the actual arrangement of this invention.

[0039] Valve assembly 4 includes a first regulating valve 41, a second regulating valve 42, and a third regulating valve 43. The first regulating valve 41 is located at the air inlet at the left end of the first flow channel 35 and is used to regulate the airflow entering the first flow channel 35. The second regulating valve 42 is located at the air inlet at the left end of the second flow channel 36 and is used to regulate the airflow entering the second flow channel 36. The third regulating valve 43 is located at the air inlet at the left end of the third flow channel 37 and is used to regulate the airflow entering the third flow channel 37.

[0040] Specifically, the airflow in the first flow channel 35, the second flow channel 36, and the third flow channel 37 is adjusted by regulating valves to adjust the diffusion range of the airflow as it exits the channels. For example, the radial width of the overall swirling airflow can be reduced by sequentially closing or decreasing the opening of the first regulating valve 41, the second regulating valve 42, and the third regulating valve 43, thereby adjusting the radial width of the return flow zone 12 (e.g., Figure 1 The radial width D shown helps to burn different types of coal in the recirculation zone 12, thereby improving the coal adaptability of the burner in this embodiment of the invention, and the adjustment process is simple, flexible and effective.

[0041] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a flow guiding assembly 5, which includes a first flow guide 51, a second flow guide 52, and a third flow guide 53. The first flow guide 51 is located at the right end of the first flow channel 35 and adjacent to the return flow zone 12 to adjust the airflow direction of the air entering the return flow zone 12 from the first flow channel 35. The second flow guide 52 is located at the right end of the second flow channel 36 and adjacent to the return flow zone 12 to adjust the airflow direction of the air entering the return flow zone 12 from the second flow channel 36. The third flow guide 53 is located at the right end of the third flow channel 37 and adjacent to the return flow zone 12 to adjust the airflow direction of the air entering the return flow zone 12 from the third flow channel 37.

[0042] Specifically, the design of the flow guide can effectively improve the turbulence during airflow, reduce energy consumption and wind resistance, and ensure smoother airflow, thereby ensuring stable combustion of pulverized coal in the recirculation zone 12.

[0043] In some embodiments, the ventilation duct assembly 3 includes a fixed pipe 31, a first air duct 32, a second air duct 33, and a third air duct 34 arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside. The fixed pipe 31 is sleeved on and connected to the pulverized coal pipe 2, and the pulverized coal pipe 2, the fixed pipe 31, the first air duct 32, the second air duct 33, and the third air duct 34 are coaxially arranged.

[0044] The first flow channel 35 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed pipe 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the first air duct 32, so that the annular airflow flowing out from the first flow channel 35 is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the first air duct 32. The first guide member 51 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed pipe 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the first air duct 32 and is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the first air duct 32.

[0045] The second flow channel 36 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the first air duct 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the second air duct 33, so that the annular airflow flowing out from the second flow channel 36 is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the second air duct 33. The second guide member 52 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the first air duct 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the second air duct 33 and is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the second air duct 33.

[0046] The third flow channel 37 is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the second duct 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the third duct 34, so that the annular airflow flowing out from the third flow channel 37 is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the third duct 34. The third guide member 53 is disposed between the outer peripheral surface of the second duct 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the third duct 34 and is arranged around the inner peripheral surface of the third duct 34.

[0047] In some embodiments, the first guide member 51 includes a plurality of first guide vanes (not shown), which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the first duct 32. The second guide member 52 includes a plurality of second guide vanes (not shown), which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the second duct 33. The third guide member 53 includes a plurality of third guide vanes (not shown), which are evenly spaced along the inner circumferential surface of the third duct 34.

[0048] Specifically, the guide vane is used to direct the axial air jet flowing through it into a rotating air jet with both axial and tangential velocities, thereby expanding the diffusion range of the annular airflow and improving the combustion efficiency of pulverized coal in the return zone 12.

[0049] In some embodiments, the extension direction of the first guide vane and the extension direction of the first duct 32 form an angle α, where 30° ≤ α ≤ 80°. The extension direction of the second guide vane and the extension direction of the second duct 33 form an angle b, where 30° ≤ b ≤ 80°. The extension direction of the third guide vane and the extension direction of the third duct 34 form an angle c, where 30° ≤ c ≤ 80°.

[0050] Specifically, by setting the size of the included angle a, included angle b, or included angle c, the tilt of the guide vane can be adjusted, thereby improving the turbulence of the wind, reducing energy consumption and wind resistance, further ensuring a smoother airflow, and making the pulverized coal burn stably in the recirculation zone 12, adapting to the combustion of different coal types.

[0051] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a first branch pipe 61, a second branch pipe 62, and a third branch pipe 63. The first branch pipe 61 is located at the left end of the first air duct 32, and the central axis of the first branch pipe 61 is orthogonal to the central axis of the first air duct 32. The first branch pipe 61 has a first air inlet 611 through which ventilation is introduced into the first flow channel 35. A first regulating valve 41 is located at the first air inlet 611, and the air volume entering the first air duct 32 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the first air inlet 611 for easy operation.

[0052] The second branch pipe 62 is located at the left end of the second air duct 33, and the central axis of the second branch pipe 62 is orthogonal to the central axis of the second air duct 33. The second branch pipe 62 has a second air inlet 621, through which ventilation is introduced into the second flow channel 36. The second regulating valve 42 is located at the second air inlet 621, and the air volume entering the second air duct 33 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the second air inlet 621, which is convenient for operation.

[0053] The third branch pipe 63 is located at the left end of the third air duct 34, and the central axis of the third branch pipe 63 is orthogonal to the central axis of the third air duct 34. The third branch pipe 63 has a third air inlet 631, through which ventilation is introduced into the third flow channel 37. The third regulating valve 43 is located at the third air inlet 631, and the air volume entering the third air duct 34 is adjusted by adjusting the opening of the third air inlet 631, which is convenient for operation.

[0054] In some embodiments, the burner further includes a main pipe 71. The main pipe 71 is connected to a first air inlet 611, a second air inlet 621, and a third air inlet 631, and provides ventilation to the first air inlet 611, the second air inlet 621, and the third air inlet 631 through the main pipe 71. Specifically, the air is first introduced into the main pipe 71, and the air in the main pipe 71 is then divided and flows into the first air inlet 611, the second air inlet 621, and the third air inlet 631 respectively.

[0055] The third duct 34 has a cavity 632 at one end adjacent to the third branch duct 63. The cavity 632 is connected to the third branch duct 63. The cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential contour of the cavity 632 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the inner circumferential contour of the third flow channel 37.

[0056] Specifically, the air entering the third flow channel 37 through the third branch pipe 63 can be stored in the cavity 632 first, and then continuously supplied to the third flow channel 37 from the cavity 632, which can ensure the continuity of the air in the third flow channel 37.

[0057] In some embodiments, the burner further includes an end plate 72 and a connecting block 73. The end plate 72 is a circular flat plate, and the end plate 72 is located at one end of the ventilation duct assembly 3 away from the return zone 12 (e.g., Figure 1 The left ends of the ventilation duct assembly 3, the fixed pipe 31, the first duct 32, the second duct 33, and the third duct 34 are all fixed and sealed to the end plate 72 to ensure the sealing of the first flow channel 35, the second flow channel 36, and the cavity 632. The connecting block 73 is located between the outer circumferential surface of the pulverized coal pipe 2 and the inner circumferential surface of the fixed pipe 31 and surrounds the outer circumferential surface of the pulverized coal pipe 2 to separate the inner circumferential surface of the fixed pipe 31 from the outer circumferential surface of the pulverized coal pipe 2.

[0058] The burner operation method of this invention includes:

[0059] Air is introduced into the main pipe 71, and the first regulating valve 41, the second regulating valve 42 and the third regulating valve 43 are opened so that air can flow into the first flow channel 35, the second flow channel 36 and the third flow channel 37.

[0060] The air in the first flow channel 35 flows into the return flow area 12 through the first guide member 51, the air in the second flow channel 36 flows into the return flow area 12 through the second guide member 52, and the air in the third flow channel 37 flows into the return flow area 12 through the third guide member 53.

[0061] Adjust the opening of the first regulating valve 41, the second regulating valve 42 and the third regulating valve 43 to adjust the diffusion range of the air flowing out of the guide.

[0062] Specifically, the airflow enters the main duct 71 and then splits into three streams, flowing into the first branch duct 61, the second branch duct 62, and the third branch duct 63 respectively. The airflow entering the first branch duct 61 flows into the first flow channel 35 from left to right, and finally flows into the return flow zone 12 under the rotational guidance of the first guide member 51. The airflow entering the second branch duct 62 flows into the second flow channel 36 from left to right, and finally flows into the return flow zone 12 under the rotational guidance of the second guide member 52. The airflow entering the third branch duct 63 flows into the third flow channel 37 from left to right, and finally flows into the return flow zone 12 under the rotational guidance of the third guide member 53.

[0063] Through the aforementioned airflow organization structure, a three-layered rotating airflow, sequentially enveloping the pulverized coal combustion coal, can be constructed in the recirculation zone 12. This not only provides oxygen for pulverized coal combustion but also helps create a low-pressure zone within the rotating airflow, promoting the entrainment effect of the high-temperature airflow and the formation of the recirculation zone 12. Simultaneously, the radial width of the overall swirling airflow can be reduced by sequentially closing or adjusting the valve openings on the first branch pipe 61, the second branch pipe 62, and the third branch pipe 63 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 The width D shown is used to adjust the radial width of the high-temperature reflux zone 12, thereby improving the burner's adaptability to different coal types and its combustion efficiency.

[0064] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0065] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0066] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0067] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0068] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized by The utility model relates to a coal powder burner, which comprises: a body (1) having a chamber (11) with a backflow area (12) at one end thereof; a coal powder pipe (2) arranged in the chamber (11) and having one end extending into the backflow area (12), the coal powder pipe (2) having a coal outlet (21) communicating with the backflow area (12); a ventilation pipe assembly (3) sleeved on the coal powder pipe (2), the ventilation pipe assembly (3) having a first flow channel (35), a second flow channel (36) and a third flow channel (37) arranged in sequence from inside to outside, the first flow channel (35), the second flow channel (36) and the third flow channel (37) all communicating with the backflow area (12) to ventilate the backflow area (12) and facilitate the combustion of coal powder in the backflow area (12), the ventilation pipe assembly (3) comprising a fixed pipe (31), a first air pipe (32), a second air pipe (33) and a third air pipe (34) arranged in sequence from inside to outside; a valve assembly (4) comprising a first regulating valve (41), a second regulating valve (42) and a third regulating valve (43), the first regulating valve (41) being arranged at an air inlet of the first flow channel (35) to regulate the air volume entering the first flow channel (35), the second regulating valve (42) being arranged at an air inlet of the second flow channel (36) to regulate the air volume entering the second flow channel (36), and the third regulating valve (43) being arranged at an air inlet of the third flow channel (37) to regulate the air volume entering the third flow channel (37), the radial width of the backflow area (12) being adjusted by successively closing or reducing the opening degrees of the first regulating valve (41), the second regulating valve (42) and the third regulating valve (43) to reduce the radial width of the overall rotational flow air; a flow guide assembly (5) comprising a first flow guide member (51), a second flow guide member (52) and a third flow guide member (53), the first flow guide member (51) being arranged on the first flow channel (35) and adjacent to the backflow area (12) to adjust the air direction of the air entering the backflow area (12) from the first flow channel (35), the second flow guide member (52) being arranged on the second flow channel (36) and adjacent to the backflow area (12) to adjust the air direction of the air entering the backflow area (12) from the second flow channel (36), and the third flow guide member (53) being arranged on the third flow channel (37) and adjacent to the backflow area (12) to adjust the air direction of the air entering the backflow area (12) from the third flow channel (37); a first branch pipe (61) arranged at one end of the first air pipe (32) away from the first flow guide member (51); a second branch pipe (62) arranged at one end of the second air pipe (33) away from the second flow guide member (52); and a third branch pipe (63) arranged at one end of the third air pipe (34) away from the third flow guide member (53). A third branch pipe (63) is arranged at one end of the third air pipe (34) away from the third flow guide (53), and the third air pipe (34) has a pipe cavity (632) at one end adjacent to the third branch pipe (63), the pipe cavity (632) communicates with the third branch pipe (63), and the cross-sectional area of the inner peripheral contour of the pipe cavity (632) is greater than that of the third flow channel (37).

2. The burner of claim 1, wherein The fixed pipe (31) is sleeved on and connected with the pulverized coal pipe (2), the first flow channel (35) is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed pipe (31) and the inner peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32), the first flow guide (51) is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the fixed pipe (31) and the inner peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32) and surrounds the inner peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32), The second flow channel (36) is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32) and the inner peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33), the second flow guide (52) is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32) and the inner peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33) and surrounds the inner peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33), The third flow channel (37) is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33) and the inner peripheral surface of the third air pipe (34), and the third flow guide (53) is arranged between the outer peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33) and the inner peripheral surface of the third air pipe (34) and surrounds the inner peripheral surface of the third air pipe (34).

3. The burner of claim 2, wherein The first flow guide (51) includes a plurality of first flow guide pieces arranged uniformly along the inner peripheral surface of the first air pipe (32), the second flow guide (52) includes a plurality of second flow guide pieces arranged uniformly along the inner peripheral surface of the second air pipe (33), and the third flow guide (53) includes a plurality of third flow guide pieces arranged uniformly along the inner peripheral surface of the third air pipe (34).

4. The burner of claim 3, wherein The first flow guide piece has an included angle a between the extension direction and the extension direction of the first air pipe (32), 30°≤a≤80°, the second flow guide piece has an included angle b between the extension direction and the extension direction of the second air pipe (33), 30°≤b≤80°, and the third flow guide piece has an included angle c between the extension direction and the extension direction of the third air pipe (34), 30°≤c≤80°.

5. The burner according to claim 4, wherein The first branch pipe (61) has a first air inlet (611) for ventilating into the first flow channel (35), and the first regulating valve (41) is arranged at the first air inlet (611); The second branch pipe (62) has a second air inlet (621) for ventilating into the second flow channel (36), and the second regulating valve (42) is arranged at the second air inlet (621); The third branch pipe (63) has a third air inlet (631) through which air is introduced into the third flow channel (37), and the third regulating valve (43) is arranged at the third air inlet (631).

6. The burner of claim 5, wherein A total pipe (71) is further included, which communicates with the first air inlet (611), the second air inlet (621) and the third air inlet (631), and through which air is introduced into the first air inlet (611), the second air inlet (621) and the third air inlet (631).

7. The burner of claim 2, wherein An end plate (72) and a connecting block (73) are further included, the end plate (72) is arranged at one end of the air duct assembly (3) away from the backflow area (12), the fixed pipe (31), the first air pipe (32), the second air pipe (33) and the third air pipe (34) are fixedly connected with the end plate (72), and the connecting block (73) is arranged between the outer circumferential surface of the pulverized coal pipe (2) and the inner circumferential surface of the fixed pipe (31).

8. The burner of claim 2, wherein The pulverized coal pipe (2), the fixed pipe (31), the first air pipe (32), the second air pipe (33) and the third air pipe (34) are coaxially arranged.

9. A method of operating a combustor, characterized by, The burner is used, comprising: Air is introduced into the total pipe (71), the first regulating valve (41), the second regulating valve (42) and the third regulating valve (43) are opened, so that air can flow into the first flow channel (35), the second flow channel (36) and the third flow channel (37); Air in the first flow channel (35) flows into the backflow area (12) through the first flow guide (51), air in the second flow channel (36) flows into the backflow area (12) through the second flow guide (52), and air in the third flow channel (37) flows into the backflow area (12) through the third flow guide (53); The opening degrees of the first regulating valve (41), the second regulating valve (42) and the third regulating valve (43) are adjusted to adjust the diffusion range of air flowing out of the flow guides.

Images