An automatic monitoring device and method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of automatic settlement monitoring, and particularly relates to an automatic monitoring device and method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on 3DGIS, including an observation point identifier, a calibration point identifier, and a reference point observation platform. An automatic total station for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform. A linkage work component is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform. An energy storage component is arranged below the linkage work component inside the reference point observation platform. A gas purification component for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform and away from the linkage work component. A protective cover for protecting the automatic total station is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform. The present invention can improve the working environment of the automatic total station, and there is no additional continuous power consumption process. At the same time, a monitoring method capable of coping with the settlement of the reference point is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic settlement monitoring, and particularly relates to a 3DGIS-based automatic railway bridge and tunnel settlement monitoring device and method. Background Art

[0002] In high-speed railway subgrade projects, settlement deformation is a key factor affecting structural stability and service life. Traditional settlement observation methods, such as laying settlement plates, observation piles, and conventional automatic subgrade surface settlement monitoring systems, can measure settlement amounts to a certain extent, but are vulnerable to external interference and difficult to achieve continuous remote measurement. A new type of automatic settlement monitoring system based on the principle of hydraulic pressure difference can comprehensively and effectively conduct continuous remote measurement on the surface of high-speed railway subgrades by installing reference points, liquid storage tanks, liquid storage boxes, etc. inside the subgrades. It has strong anti-interference ability and good durability, and is suitable for long-term use. The introduction of 3DGIS technology enables the settlement automatic monitoring system to have higher accuracy and stronger real-time performance. Through distributed optical fiber sensing technology and automatic data collection, combined with intelligent mathematical model analysis and Internet technology, 3DGIS can realize real-time monitoring and health monitoring of the vertical settlement of railway bridge and tunnel structures. This monitoring can not only calculate various settlement amounts, but also analyze the settlement trend of subgrade observations, timely discover potential risk sources, and provide a scientific basis for construction decisions.

[0003] Problems Existing in the Prior Art:

[0004] In existing bridge and tunnel settlement monitoring methods, the role of the reference point is to provide a fixed reference for measuring the elevation change of other points relative to this point. However, if the reference point itself settles, then all measurement results based on this reference will be affected, resulting in data distortion. However, existing monitoring methods do not provide countermeasures to deal with this unexpected situation;

[0005] In addition, when using a total station for automatic all-weather monitoring work, how to maintain a good working environment for the total station is an important measure to ensure the service life of the total station, and how to maintain a good working environment for the total station with the least energy consumption is also a problem that needs to be overcome urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the invention is to provide a 3DGIS-based automatic railway bridge and tunnel settlement monitoring device and method, which can improve the working environment of the automatic total station, and there is no additional continuous power consumption process, and at the same time provide a monitoring method to deal with the settlement of the reference point.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the invention are specifically as follows:

[0008] An automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement based on DGIS, comprising an observation point identifier, a calibration point identifier and a reference point observation platform. An automatic total station for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform. A linkage work component is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform. An energy storage component is arranged below the linkage work component inside the reference point observation platform. A gas purification component for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform and away from the linkage work component. A protective cover for protecting the automatic total station is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform. The linkage work component and the energy storage component cooperate to drive the gas purification component and the protective cover to operate;

[0009] Through the operation of the gas purification component, the gas inside the reference point observation platform and the protective cover can flow and be purified;

[0010] By allowing the gas inside the gas storage tank to enter the second injection pipe, the same-side door panels move towards each other and open;

[0011] The linkage work component stores energy in the energy storage component by using the kinetic energy generated when the main body rotates.

[0012] The automatic total station consists of a base, a leveling platform and a main body. The leveling platform is adjustably assembled directly above the base. The edge of the top of the base is provided with leveling nuts for adjusting the leveling platform in an array. The leveling platform is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body. A motor for adjusting the direction of the main body is installed at the bottom end inside the main body. The output end of the motor is connected to the center of the leveling platform. A gear one is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body.

[0013] The linkage work component includes a vertical rod fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the leveling platform and a vertical frame fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform. A gear two meshing with the gear one is rotatably assembled at the top of the two vertical rods. An arc-edge tooth ring one is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the gear two. The middle part of the vertical rod is vertically slidably assembled with an arc-edge tooth ring two. The arc-edge tooth ring one and the arc-edge tooth ring two are assembled facing each other and squeeze and mesh. A spring one is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge tooth ring two and the surface of the leveling platform.

[0014] Force arms are rotatably installed on both sides of one side of the top of the vertical frame. One end of the force arm is connected to the corresponding arc-edge tooth ring two. A tooth bar is integrally arranged at the other end of the force arm. A wheel shaft is rotatably installed on the other side of the top of the vertical frame. Gears three are fixedly installed at both ends of the wheel shaft. The tooth bar meshes with the corresponding gear three. One-way bearings are sleeved on both ends of the wheel shaft and outside the gear three. Sleeve pipes are sleeved on the outer bearing rings of the one-way bearings. Curved arms are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the sleeve pipes.

[0015] On both sides of the vertical frame, an air injection pipe 1 is fixedly installed. Inside the air injection pipe 1, a piston part 1 is assembled in a telescopic manner. The top end of the piston part 1 extending out of the air injection pipe 1 is fixedly provided with a transverse groove rod. The end of the crank arm far from the center penetrates through the corresponding transverse groove rod. The bottom ends of the air injection pipes 1 are respectively connected to an air outlet pipe and an air inlet pipe, both of which are equipped with one-way valves. The ends of the two air outlet pipes are jointly connected and assembled with an air valve. On both outer walls of the air valve, an air pipe 1 and an air pipe 2 are respectively connected. Inside the air valve, a valve core is rotationally assembled. On both sides of the valve core shaft body extending out of the outer side of the air valve, a partial gear 1 and a partial gear 2 are fixedly installed, and the partial gear 2 is located outside the partial gear 1.

[0016] The energy storage component includes an air storage tank fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform. Inside the air storage tank, a piston part 2 is assembled in a telescopic manner. One end of the piston part 2 extending outside the air storage tank is fixedly provided with an end plate. On the inner walls at the four corners of the end plate, guide rods are fixedly connected. On the outer wall of one end of the air storage tank, guide sleeves are fixedly arranged in an annular array. The guide sleeves are used for the corresponding guide rods to penetrate through, and a spring 2 is connected between the guide sleeves and the ends of the guide rods. On both sides of the top of the end plate, a long toothed rod and a short toothed rod are fixedly connected. The two short toothed rods are located outside the two long toothed rods. The end of the long toothed rod is used for separable meshing with the partial gear 1, and the end of the short toothed rod is used for separable meshing with the partial gear 2.

[0017] On the side wall of the energy storage component far from the end plate, an air inlet and an air outlet, both of which are equipped with one-way valves, are provided. The end of the air pipe 1 is connected to the air inlet. An air branch pipe is connected to the air outlet. Inside the reference point observation platform, a solenoid valve and an electromagnetic three-way valve are fixedly installed. One end of the air branch pipe is connected to one interface of the solenoid valve, and the other end of the air branch pipe is connected to one interface of the electromagnetic three-way valve. One interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve is connected to an air pipe 4.

[0018] There are two sets of air purification components. The air purification component includes a air purification shell and a fan shell fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform. Inside the fan shell, a windmill is rotationally assembled. On the outer wall of one side of the top of the fan shell, an air pipe 3 is fixedly connected. The ends of the two air pipes 3 are jointly connected to the other interface of the solenoid valve. The shaft body at the center of the windmill extending outside the fan shell is fixedly installed with a helical gear 1. Inside the reference point observation platform and between the air purification shell and the fan shell, a transmission shaft is rotationally assembled. One end of the transmission shaft is fixedly installed with a helical gear 2, and the helical gear 1 meshes with the corresponding helical gear 2.

[0019] At one end inside the air purification shell, a wind blade is rotationally installed. The wind blade and the adjacent transmission shaft are connected by a sleeved chain. At the other end inside the air purification shell, a filter element for purifying air is installed.

[0020] Both sides of the protective cover are integrally provided with door frames, and both sides inside the door frames are slidably assembled with door panels in opposite directions. Both the inner walls at the top and bottom ends of the door frames are fixedly provided with horizontal grooves. Both ends at the top and bottom of one end of the door panel are fixedly provided with first vertical rods, and the first vertical rods are all slidably arranged inside the corresponding horizontal grooves. Both ends at the top and bottom of the other end of the door panel are fixedly provided with second vertical rods. L-shaped pry bars are rotatably installed on both sides at the top and bottom ends of the door frame, and one end of the L-shaped pry bar is connected to the corresponding second vertical rod;

[0021] L-shaped air injection pipes two are rotatably installed on both sides at the top and bottom ends of the door frame. A piston part three is telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe two, and one end of the piston part three extending out of the air injection pipe two is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar. A spring three for retracting and resetting the piston part three is installed inside the air injection pipe two. One end of the air injection pipe two away from the L-shaped pry bar is connected to an air pipe five. An air pipe six that is simultaneously communicated with all the air pipes five is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover, and the end of the air pipe six is connected to another interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve.

[0022] Side box covers are hinged on the outer walls on the four sides of the reference point observation platform. A circular window for the automatic total station to penetrate and install is opened on the surface of the reference point observation platform, and an annular plate is integrally provided on the edge of the surface of the circular window. Pressing buttons for pressing the protective cover are annularly and arrayedly installed on the surface of the reference point observation platform. Spring tubes are annularly and arrayedly fixedly provided on the top of the annular plate, and a top bead is elastically telescopically assembled inside the spring tube. An annular groove body for the top bead to abut against is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover. A pressing rod for ejecting the top bead out of the annular groove body is elastically assembled on the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover.

[0023] A method for automatically monitoring the settlement of railway bridges and tunnels based on 3DGIS is as follows:

[0024] S1: Build two reinforcement structures, separately set them as a reference point and a calibration point. Install a reference point observation platform at the construction position of the reference point, install a calibration point identifier at the construction position of the calibration point, set up observation points and install observation point identifiers;

[0025] S2: Use the automatic total station to observe the observation point identifier and the calibration point identifier in real time and regularly, and analyze the settlement information;

[0026] S3: If it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier remains unchanged and the observation point identifier sinks, it is determined that the observation point identifier has sunk; if it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier rises, the position of the observation point identifier rises, and the rising displacements of both are the same, it is determined that the settlement has occurred at the reference point observation platform; if it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier rises, the observation point identifier has a displacement, and the displacement distance of the observation point identifier < the displacement distance of the calibration point identifier, it is determined that the settlement has occurred simultaneously at the observation point identifier and the reference point observation platform;

[0027] S4: When it is determined that settlement occurs simultaneously at the observation point identifier and the reference point observation station, if the elevation displacement of the observation point identifier is measured to be less than that of the calibration point identifier and the observation point identifier is higher than the reference point observation station; if the elevation displacement of the observation point identifier is measured to be zero, the observation point identifier is at the same height as the reference point observation station; if the settlement displacement of the observation point identifier is measured, then the observation point identifier is lower than the reference point observation station.

[0028] S5: When the settlement condition of the reference point is surveyed, an abnormal prompt is sent in time to facilitate timely repair.

[0029] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0030] (1) In the present invention, the setting of the air purification component enables the gas inside the reference point observation station and the protective cover to flow, and cooperates with the filter element to achieve gas filtration, ultimately achieving the effect of purifying the gas environment inside the device, thereby improving the environment inside the storage space of the total station, reducing the influence of the humid and bacteria-containing environment on the internal circuits of the instrument, and at the same time having a certain cooling effect.

[0031] (2) In the present invention, the design of the protective cover is used to protect the total station from being impacted by other objects. In addition, the rotatable protective cover cooperates with the split-type door panel, which can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the survey range, and the opening and closing of the door panel are also completed by the cooperation of the energy storage component and the electromagnetic three-way valve.

[0032] (3) In the present invention, the design of the energy storage component provides pneumatic power for the operation of the air purification component and the protective cover. There is no need to install too many electric power equipment, and there is no additional continuous power consumption process, which greatly reduces the power consumed by the monitoring device during automatic survey; in addition, the design of the linkage work component provides the energy storage component with the ability of automatic energy storage, realizes the energy storage work by means of the kinetic energy when the main body rotates reciprocally, and when the gas inside the gas storage tank is exhausted, the energy storage work is automatically started, and when the gas inside the gas storage tank is full, the energy storage work is automatically ended.

[0033] (4) The monitoring method provided by the present invention can timely detect the unexpected situation of settlement at the location where the reference point observation station is located, especially for the monitoring work in the tunnel, effectively cope with the risk of settlement of the reference point, solve the problem that the existing monitoring work has no countermeasures for the settlement of the reference point, and avoid the situation where abnormal data is adopted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the use of the monitoring device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is an exploded view of the combination of the reference point observation station and the protective cover provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 Combined structure diagram of the total station, linkage work component, energy storage component, and air purification component provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 Partial structure disassembly diagram of the linkage work component provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Partial enlarged structure diagram at position A in

[0039] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the energy storage component provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the air purification component provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is Figure 7 Partial enlarged structure diagram at position B in

[0042] Figure 9 Internal structure diagram of the protective cover provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 is Figure 9 Partial enlarged structure diagram at position C in

[0044] Figure 11 Combined partial sectional plan view of the protective cover and the ring plate provided by the embodiments of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 12 Settlement monitoring schematic diagram provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0047] 1. Observation point identifier; 2. Calibration point identifier; 3. Reference point observation station; 301. Side box cover; 302. Ring plate; 303. Pressing buckle; 304. Bourdon tube; 305. Top bead; 4. Total station; 401. Base; 402. Leveling platform; 403. Main body; 404. Leveling nut; 405. Gear one; 5. Linkage work component; 501. Vertical rod; 502. Gear two; 503. Arc-edge gear ring one; 504. Arc-edge gear ring two; 505. Spring one; 506. Support frame; 507. Lever arm; 508. Rack; 509. Axle; 510. Gear three; 511. One-way bearing; 512. Sleeve; 513. Crank arm; 514. Injection pipe one; 515. Piston part one; 516. Exhaust pipe; 517. Inlet pipe; 518. Air valve; 519. Valve core; 520. Local gear one; 521. Local gear two; 522. Air pipe one; 523. Air pipe two; 6. Energy storage component; 601. Gas storage tank; 602. Piston part two; 603. End plate; 604. Guide sleeve; 605. Guide rod; 606. Spring two; 607. Long rack; 608. Short rack; 609. Air inlet; 610. Air branch pipe; 7. Clean air component; 701. Clean air shell; 702. Wind blade; 703. Filter element; 704. Fan shell; 705. Air pipe three; 706. Windmill; 707. Helical gear one; 708. Transmission shaft; 709. Helical gear two; 710. Chain; 8. Solenoid valve; 9. Electromagnetic three-way valve; 901. Air pipe four; 10. Protective cover; 1001. Door frame; 1002. Door panel; 1003. Vertical rod one; 1004. Horizontal groove; 1005. Vertical rod two; 1006. L-shaped pry bar; 1007. Injection pipe two; 1008. Piston part three; 1009. Air pipe five; 1010. Air pipe six; 1011. Ring groove body; 1012. Pressing rod. Detailed implementation mode

[0048] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific implementation modes of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the present invention.

[0049] As Figures 1 - 11As shown in the figure, a 3DGIS-based automatic monitoring device for railway bridge and tunnel settlement includes an observation point identifier 1, a calibration point identifier 2, and a reference point observation platform 3. An automatic total station 4 for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform 3. A linkage work component 5 is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform 3. An energy storage component 6 is arranged below the linkage work component 5 inside the reference point observation platform 3. A gas purification component 7 for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on the side away from the linkage work component 5 inside the reference point observation platform 3. A protective cover 10 for protecting the automatic total station 4 is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform 3. The linkage work component 5 and the energy storage component 6 cooperate to drive the gas purification component 7 and the protective cover 10 to operate.

[0050] Refer to the appendix Figures 2 - 3 , the automatic total station 4 is composed of a base 401, an adjustment platform 402, and a main body 403. The adjustment platform 402 is adjustably assembled directly above the base 401. And leveling nuts 404 for adjusting the adjustment platform 402 are arranged in an array on the edge of the top of the base 401. The adjustment platform 402 is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body 403. And a motor for adjusting the direction of the main body 403 is installed at the bottom end inside the main body 403. The output end of the motor is connected to the center of the adjustment platform 402. A gear one 405 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body 403.

[0051] According to the above structure, during the operation of the automatic total station 4, the main body 403 will rotate back and forth continuously by the motor. During this process, the lens inside the main body 403 will also reverse back and forth accordingly, so as to achieve the survey work on different side identifiers. This process is the prior art and will not be elaborated here.

[0052] Refer to the appendix Figures 4 - 5 , the linkage work component 5 includes a vertical rod 501 fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjustment platform 402 and a vertical frame 506 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3. A gear two 502 meshing with the gear one 405 is rotatably assembled at the top of the two vertical rods 501. And an arc-edge tooth ring one 503 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the gear two 502. An arc-edge tooth ring two 504 is vertically slidably assembled in the middle of the vertical rod 501. And the arc-edge tooth ring one 503 and the arc-edge tooth ring two 504 are assembled oppositely and squeeze and mesh with each other. A spring one 505 is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge tooth ring two 504 and the surface of the adjustment platform 402.

[0053] Refer to the appendix Figures 4 - 5, on both sides of one side of the top of the vertical frame 506, the force arms 507 are rotatably installed. One end of the force arm 507 is connected to the corresponding arc-edge gear ring two 504. The other end of the force arm 507 is integrally provided with a toothed rod 508. On the other side of the top of the vertical frame 506, a wheel shaft 509 is rotatably installed. And at both ends of the wheel shaft 509, the third gears 510 are fixedly installed. The toothed rod 508 meshes with the corresponding third gear 510. At both ends of the wheel shaft 509 and outside the third gear 510, one-way bearings 511 are sleeved. And outside the outer bearing rings of the one-way bearings 511, sleeves 512 are sleeved. On the outer walls of the sleeves 512, crank arms 513 are fixedly arranged.

[0054] Refer to the appendix Figures 4 - 5 , on both sides of the vertical frame 506, the first injection pipes 514 are fixedly installed. Inside the first injection pipes 514, piston parts one 515 are telescopically assembled. And the top end of the piston part one 515 extending out of the first injection pipe 514 is fixedly provided with a transverse groove rod. The end of the crank arm 513 far from the center of the circle penetrates through the corresponding transverse groove rod. The bottom ends of the first injection pipes 514 are respectively connected to the air outlet pipes 516 and the air inlet pipes 517 both equipped with one-way valves. The ends of the two air outlet pipes 516 are jointly connected and assembled with an air valve 518. And on the outer walls of both sides of the air valve 518, an air pipe one 522 and an air pipe two 523 are respectively connected. Inside the air valve 518, a valve core 519 is rotatably assembled. On both sides of the valve core 519 extending out of the outer side of the air valve 518, a partial gear one 520 and a partial gear two 521 are fixedly installed. And the partial gear two 521 is placed outside the partial gear one 520.

[0055] According to the above structure, during the rotation of the main body 403, the first gear 405 rotates accordingly. Through the meshing of the first gear 405 and the second gear 502, the arc-edge gear ring one 503 rotates accordingly. Then, under the extrusion and meshing of the arc-edge gear ring one 503 and the arc-edge gear ring two 504, and the elastic force of the first spring 505, the arc-edge gear ring two 504 immediately makes a reciprocating up and down movement. Immediately afterwards, the driving force arm 507 reciprocates and deflects. The toothed rod 508 at the end of the force arm 507 will continuously mesh with the corresponding third gear 510 and drive it to rotate reciprocally. At this time, according to the characteristics of the one-way bearing 511, the wheel shaft 509 will finally drive the crank arm 513 to rotate unidirectionally and intermittently. And the piston part one 515 will simultaneously make an intermittent reciprocating up and down movement. Positive and negative pressures are continuously formed in the first injection pipe 514. Air is inhaled through the air inlet pipe 517 and discharged through the air outlet pipe 516.

[0056] Refer to the appendix Figure 6, the energy storage component 6 includes a gas storage tank 601 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3. A second piston member 602 is telescopically assembled inside the gas storage tank 601. One end of the second piston member 602 extending outside the gas storage tank 601 is fixedly provided with an end plate 603. Guide rods 605 are fixedly connected to the inner walls at the four corners of the end plate 603. Guide sleeves 604 are fixedly arranged in an annular array on the outer wall of one end of the gas storage tank 601. The guide sleeves 604 are used for the corresponding guide rods 605 to pass through, and a second spring 606 is connected between the guide sleeves 604 and the ends of the guide rods 605. On both sides of the top of the end plate 603, a long toothed rod 607 and a short toothed rod 608 are fixedly connected. The two short toothed rods 608 are placed outside the two long toothed rods 607, and the end of the long toothed rod 607 is used for separable engagement with the partial gear one 520, and the end of the short toothed rod 608 is used for separable engagement with the partial gear two 521.

[0057] Refer to the appendix Figure 6 , on the side wall of one end of the energy storage component 6 away from the end plate 603, an air inlet 609 and an air outlet are both equipped with one-way valves. The end of the first air pipe 522 is connected to the air inlet 609. An air branch pipe 610 is connected to the air outlet. An electromagnetic valve 8 and an electromagnetic three-way valve 9 are fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3. One end of the air branch pipe 610 is connected to one interface of the electromagnetic valve 8, and the other end of the air branch pipe 610 is connected to one interface of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9. One interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 is connected to a fourth air pipe 901.

[0058] According to the above structure, when the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 is nearly exhausted, the end of the short toothed rod 608 engages with the partial gear two 521 and rotates the valve core 519. The valve core 519 is at an angle that makes the air outlet pipe 516 and the first air pipe 522 communicate. The air injected by the first injection pipe 514 will continuously be injected into the gas storage tank 601. As the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 continuously fills, the second piston member 602 and the end plate 603 continuously move, and each second spring 606 is continuously compressed until the end of the long toothed rod 607 engages with the partial gear one 520 and rotates the valve core 519. At this time, the valve core 519 is at an angle that makes the air outlet pipe 516 and the second air pipe 523 communicate. At this time, the air injected by the first injection pipe 514 will no longer enter the gas storage tank 601;

[0059] In the above structure, the design of the energy storage component 6 provides pneumatic power for the operation of the air purification component 7 and the protective cover 10. There is no need to install too many electric power equipment, and there is no additional continuous power consumption process, which greatly reduces the power consumed by the monitoring device during automatic survey. In addition, the design of the linkage work component 5 provides the energy storage component 6 with the ability of automatic energy storage. The energy storage work is realized by means of the kinetic energy when the main body 403 rotates reciprocally. And when the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 is exhausted, the energy storage work automatically starts, and when the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 is full, the energy storage work automatically ends.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] See attached Figures 7 - 8 , the clean air assembly 7 is provided with two groups, and the clean air assembly 7 includes a clean air shell 701 and a fan shell 704 fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform 3, a windmill 706 is rotatably assembled inside the fan shell 704, and an air pipe three 705 is fixedly connected to the outer wall on one side of the top of the fan shell 704, and the ends of the two air pipes three 705 are commonly connected to the other interface of the solenoid valve 8, and a bevel gear one 707 is fixedly installed at one end of the axis extending from the center of the windmill 706 to the outside of the fan shell 704, and a transmission shaft 708 is rotatably assembled inside the reference point observation platform 3 and located between the clean air shell 701 and the fan shell 704, and a bevel gear two 709 is fixedly installed at one end of the transmission shaft 708, and the bevel gear one 707 is meshed with the corresponding bevel gear two 709;

[0062] See attached Figures 7 - 8 A fan blade 702 is rotatably installed at one end of the clean air shell 701, and the fan blade 702 is connected to an adjacent transmission shaft 708 through a sleeve chain 710. A filter element 703 for purifying air is installed at the other end of the clean air shell 701.

[0063] According to the above structure, the solenoid valve 8 is opened regularly, and the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring 2 606 to form a highly high-pressure airflow. This airflow acts on the windmill 706 in the fan housing 704 through the air pipe 3 705, and the windmill 706 then rotates at high speed, and drives the transmission shaft 708 to rotate through the engagement of the bevel gear 1 707 and the bevel gear 2 709, and then drives the fan blade 702 to rotate through the chain 710. With the help of the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 702, the gas inside the benchmark observation platform 3 and the protective cover 10 can flow, and the filter element 703 is used to filter the gas, and finally the effect of purifying the internal gas environment of the device is achieved, thereby improving the environment in the storage space of the automatic total station 4, reducing the impact of the humid and bacterial environment on the internal circuit of the instrument, and at the same time having a certain cooling effect.

[0064] The working principle of the present invention is: the solenoid valve 8 is opened regularly, and the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring 2 606 to form a highly high-pressure airflow. This airflow acts on the windmill 706 in the fan housing 704 through the air pipe 3 705, and the windmill 706 then rotates at high speed, and drives the transmission shaft 708 to rotate through the engagement of the bevel gear 1 707 and the bevel gear 2 709, and then drives the fan blade 702 to rotate through the chain 710. With the help of the airflow generated by the rotation of the fan blade 702, the gas inside the reference point observation platform 3 and the protective cover 10 can flow, and the gas can be filtered in cooperation with the filter element 703.

[0065] Embodiment 2:

[0066] Referring to the attached Figures 9 - 10 , door frames 1001 are integrally provided on both sides of the protective cover 10, and door panels 1002 are slidably assembled in opposite directions on both sides inside the door frames 1001. Horizontal grooves 1004 are fixedly provided on the inner walls at both the top and bottom ends of the door frames 1001. Vertical rods 1003 are fixedly provided at both the top and bottom ends of one end of the door panel 1002, and the vertical rods 1003 are slidably arranged inside the corresponding horizontal grooves 1004. Vertical rods 1005 are fixedly provided at both the top and bottom ends of the other end of the door panel 1002. L-shaped pry bars 1006 are rotatably installed on both sides at the top and bottom ends of the door frames 1001, and one end of the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the corresponding vertical rod 1005;

[0067] Referring to the attached Figures 9 - 10 , injection pipes 1007 are rotatably installed on both sides at the top and bottom ends of the door frames 1001. A piston member 1008 is telescopically assembled inside the injection pipes 1007, and one end of the piston member 1008 extending out of the injection pipe 1007 is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar 1006. A spring three for retracting and resetting the piston member 1008 is installed inside the injection pipe 1007. One end of the injection pipe 1007 away from the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to an air pipe 1009. An air pipe 1010 that is simultaneously connected to all the air pipes 1009 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10, and the end of the air pipe 1010 is connected to another interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve 9.

[0068] According to the above structure, by controlling the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 to make the originally blocked air branch pipe 610 communicate with the air pipe 1010, the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will then be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring two 606 and enter each injection pipe 1007 through each air pipe 1009. The piston member 1008 will then quickly extend and the spring three will be compressed simultaneously. After the piston member 1008 extends, each L-shaped pry bar 1006 will rotate around the bending point as the center. Since the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the vertical rod 1005 and the vertical rod 1003 is slidably arranged inside the horizontal groove 1004, finally the two door panels 1002 on the same side will move towards each other and open, opening the observation field of view of the main body 403 of the machine, and the movement process of the door panel 1002 will fit the inner wall of the protective cover 10 as much as possible, thus not affecting the rotation of the main body 403 of the machine. When it is necessary to close the door, control the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 to make the air pipe 1010 communicate with the air pipe 4901, and the air branch pipe 610 is restored to being blocked. At this time, the gas inside each injection pipe 1007 will be pushed out under the elastic force of the spring three and finally discharged through the air pipe 4901, and each door panel 1002 will finally be reset.

[0069] Referring to the attached Figure 2 , Figure 9, on the outer walls of the four sides of the reference point observation station 3, side box covers 301 are hinged. A circular window for the penetration and installation of the total station 4 is opened on the surface of the reference point observation station 3, and an annular plate 302 is integrally arranged on the edge of the surface of the circular window. Pressing buttons 303 for pressing the protective cover 10 are installed on the surface of the reference point observation station 3 in an annular array. Spring tubes 304 are fixedly arranged on the top of the annular plate 302 in an annular array, and top beads 305 are elastically telescoped and assembled inside the spring tubes 304. An annular groove body 1011 for the top beads 305 to abut into is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10. A pressing rod 1012 for ejecting the top beads 305 out of the annular groove body 1011 is elastically assembled on the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover 10.

[0070] According to the above structure, when installing the protective cover 10, align the protective cover 10 with the annular plate 302 for splicing installation, control each top bead 305 to abut into the annular groove body 1011, then rotate the protective cover 10 until the specified angle, and finally fasten the bottom edge of the protective cover 10 through the pressing button 303 to complete the installation of the protective cover 10. With the above structure, the design of the protective cover 10 is used to protect the total station 4 from being hit by other objects. In addition, the rotatable protective cover 10 cooperates with the split-type door panel 1002, which can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the survey range, and the opening and closing of the door panel 1002 are also completed by the cooperation of the energy storage component 6 and the electromagnetic three-way valve 9.

[0071] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: control the electromagnetic three-way valve 9 to make the originally blocked air branch pipe 610 communicate with the air pipe six 1010. At this time, the gas inside the gas storage tank 601 will be quickly pushed out under the elastic force of the spring two 606 and enter each injection pipe two 1007 through each air pipe five 1009. The piston part three 1008 will then quickly extend and the spring three will be compressed at the same time. After the piston part three 1008 extends, each L-shaped pry bar 1006 will rotate around the bending point. Since the L-shaped pry bar 1006 is connected to the vertical bar two 1005 and the vertical bar one 1003 is slidably arranged in the horizontal groove 1004, finally the two door panels 1002 on the same side will move towards each other and open, opening the observation field of the main body 403, and the movement process of the door panel 1002 fits the inner wall of the protective cover 10 as much as possible, so as not to affect the rotation of the main body 403.

[0072] Embodiment Three:

[0073] As Figure 12 shown, a 3DGIS-based automatic monitoring method for railway bridge and tunnel settlement is as follows:

[0074] S1: Build two reinforcement structures and separately set them as the reference point and the calibration point. Install the reference point observation station 3 at the construction position of the reference point, install the calibration point identifier 2 at the construction position of the calibration point, set up the observation point and install the observation point identifier 1;

[0075] S2: Use the total station 4 to observe the observation point identifier 1 and the calibration point identifier 2 regularly in real time, and analyze the settlement information;

[0076] S3: If it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier 2 remains unchanged and the observation point identifier 1 settles, it is determined that the observation point identifier 1 has settled. Refer to Figure 12 Figure a in the middle; if it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier 2 rises, the position of the observation point identifier 1 rises, and the rising displacements of the two are the same, it is determined that settlement has occurred at the reference point observation platform 3. Refer to Figure 12 Figure b in the middle; if it is monitored that the position of the calibration point identifier 2 rises, the observation point identifier 1 displaces, and the displacement distance of the observation point identifier 1 < the displacement distance of the calibration point identifier 2, it is determined that settlement has occurred simultaneously at the observation point identifier 1 and the reference point observation platform 3. Refer to Figure 12 Figure b in the middle;

[0077] S4: When it is determined that settlement has occurred simultaneously at the observation point identifier 1 and the reference point observation platform 3, refer to Figure 12 Figure b in the middle. Measure that the rising displacement of the observation point identifier 1 is less than the rising displacement of the calibration point identifier 2, and the observation point identifier 1 is higher than the reference point observation platform 3; measure that the rising displacement of the observation point identifier 1 is zero, and the observation point identifier 1 is at the same height as the reference point observation platform 3; measure that the observation point identifier 1 has a settlement displacement, then the observation point identifier 1 is lower than the reference point observation platform 3;

[0078] S5: When the settlement situation of the reference point is surveyed, an abnormal prompt is sent in time to facilitate timely repair.

[0079] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: Through the above monitoring method, the unexpected situation of settlement at the location where the reference point observation platform 3 is located can be detected in time, especially for the monitoring work in the tunnel, effectively coping with the risk of settlement of the reference point, solving the problem that there is no countermeasure for the settlement of the reference point in the existing monitoring work, and avoiding the situation where abnormal data is adopted.

[0080] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices, and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the art without special description and limitation.

Claims

1. A railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device based on 3DGIS, comprising an observation point identifier (1), a calibration point identifier (2) and a reference point observation platform (3), characterized in that: An automatic total station (4) for performing detection work is detachably installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); a linkage working component (5) is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform (3); an energy storage component (6) is arranged inside the reference point observation platform (3) and below the linkage working component (5); a gas purification component (7) for purifying the internal gas environment is arranged on one side inside the reference point observation platform (3) away from the linkage working component (5); a protective cover (10) for protecting the automatic total station (4) is detachably assembled on the top of the reference point observation platform (3); and the linkage working component (5) and the energy storage component (6) cooperate to drive the gas purification component (7) and the protective cover (10) to operate; The energy storage assembly (6) comprises a gas storage tank (601) fixedly mounted inside the reference point observation platform (3), a piston member 2 (602) is telescopically assembled inside the gas storage tank (601), and an end plate (603) is fixedly arranged at one end of the piston member 2 (602) extending to the outside of the gas storage tank (601); An air inlet (609) and an air outlet, both of which are equipped with a one-way valve, are arranged on a side wall of the energy storage component (6) away from the end plate (603); an air branch pipe (610) is connected to the air outlet; an electromagnetic valve (8) and an electromagnetic three-way valve (9) are fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); one end of the air branch pipe (610) is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic valve (8); The clean air assembly (7) is provided with two groups, and the clean air assembly (7) comprises a clean air shell (701) and a fan shell (704) fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3), and an air pipe three (705) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one side of the top of the fan shell (704), and the ends of the two air pipes three (705) are commonly connected to another interface of the solenoid valve (8); Through the operation of the air purification component (7), the gas inside the reference point observation platform (3) and the protective cover (10) is made to flow and be purified; The linked working component (5) uses the kinetic energy of the main body (403) of the automatic total station (4) when it rotates to enable the energy storage component (6) to store energy.

2. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The automatic total station (4) is composed of a base (401), an adjustment platform (402) and a main body (403); the adjustment platform (402) is adjustably assembled directly above the base (401); and the edge of the top of the base (401) is provided with leveling nuts (404) for adjusting the adjustment platform (402) in an array; the adjustment platform (402) is rotatably assembled at the bottom of the main body (403); and a motor for adjusting the direction of the main body (403) is installed at the bottom end inside the main body (403); the output end of the motor is connected to the center of the adjustment platform (402); and a gear 1 (405) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the main body (403).

3. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The linkage working assembly (5) comprises a vertical pole (501) fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the adjustment platform (402) and a vertical frame (506) fixedly installed inside the reference point observation platform (3); the tops of the two vertical poles (501) are rotatably assembled with a gear 2 (502) meshing with a gear 1 (405); and the lower surface of the gear 2 (502) is fixedly arranged with an arc-edge gear ring 1 (503); the middle part of the vertical pole (501) is vertically slidably assembled with an arc-edge gear ring 2 (504); and the arc-edge gear ring 1 (503) and the arc-edge gear ring 2 (504) are assembled oppositely and squeezed and meshed; a spring 1 (505) is connected between the bottom of the arc-edge gear ring 2 (504) and the surface of the adjustment platform (402).

4. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 3 is characterized by: A force arm (507) is rotatably mounted on both sides of one side of the top of the stand (506), one end of the force arm (507) is connected to the corresponding arc-edge gear ring 2 (504), and a gear rod (508) is integrally arranged on the other end of the force arm (507). A wheel axle (509) is rotatably mounted on the other side of the top of the stand (506), and gear 3 (510) is fixedly mounted on both ends of the wheel axle (509), and the gear rod (508) is meshed with the corresponding gear 3 (510), and one-way bearings (511) are sleeved on both ends of the wheel axle (509) and located on the outside of gear 3 (510), and a sleeve (512) is sleeved on the outside of the outer bearing ring of the one-way bearing (511), and a crank arm (513) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve (512).

5. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 4 is characterized by: An air injection pipe (514) is fixedly installed on both sides of the stand (506), and a piston member (515) is telescopically assembled inside the air injection pipe (514), and a transverse groove rod is fixedly arranged at the top of the piston member (515) extending out of the air injection pipe (514), and the end of the curved arm (513) away from the center of the circle passes through the corresponding transverse groove rod, and the bottom end of the air injection pipe (514) is respectively connected to an air outlet pipe (516) and an air inlet pipe (517) both equipped with a one-way valve, and the two air outlet pipes (516) and the air inlet pipe (517) are connected to each other. The ends of the two ...

6. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 5 is characterized by: The inner walls at the four corners of the end plate (603) are fixedly connected with guide rods (605); the outer wall of one end of the gas storage tank (601) is fixedly provided with guide sleeves (604) in a circular array; the guide sleeves (604) are used for the corresponding guide rods (605) to pass through, and a second spring (606) is connected between the guide sleeves (604) and the ends of the guide rods (605); both sides of the top of the end plate (603) are fixedly connected with long toothed rods (607) and short toothed rods (608); the two short toothed rods (608) are placed on the outside of the two long toothed rods (607); the ends of the long toothed rods (607) are used for detachable meshing with the local gear one (520); and the ends of the short toothed rods (608) are used for detachable meshing with the local gear two (521); The end of the air pipe one (522) is connected to the air inlet (609), and the other end of the air branch pipe (610) is connected to one of the interfaces of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9), and one of the interfaces at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9) is connected to the air pipe four (901).

7. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 6 is characterized by: A windmill (706) is rotatably assembled inside the fan housing (704), and a bevel gear 1 (707) is fixedly mounted on one end of the shaft body extending from the center of the windmill (706) to the outside of the fan housing (704). A transmission shaft (708) is rotatably assembled inside the reference point observation platform (3) and located between the clean air housing (701) and the fan housing (704), and a bevel gear 2 (709) is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission shaft (708), and the bevel gear 1 (707) is meshed with the corresponding bevel gear 2 (709); A fan blade (702) is rotatably mounted on one end of the air purification housing (701), and the fan blade (702) is transmission-connected to an adjacent transmission shaft (708) via a sleeved chain (710). A filter element (703) for purifying air is mounted on the other end of the air purification housing (701).

8. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 7 is characterized by: Door frames (1001) are integrally provided on both sides of the protective cover (10), and door panels (1002) are slidably assembled on both sides of the door frame (1001) in opposite directions. The inner walls of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001) are fixedly provided with transverse grooves (1004). Both ends of the top and bottom of one end of the door panel (1002) are fixedly provided with vertical rods (1003), and the vertical rods (1003) are slidably provided in the corresponding transverse grooves (1004). Both ends of the top and bottom of the other end of the door panel (1002) are fixedly provided with vertical rods (1005). Both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001) are rotatably installed with L-shaped pry bars (1006), and one end of the L-shaped pry bars (1006) is connected to the corresponding vertical rods (1005).

9. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 8 is characterized by: Gas injection pipe 2 (1007) is rotatably installed on both sides of the top and bottom ends of the door frame (1001), and piston member 3 (1008) is telescopically assembled inside the gas injection pipe 2 (1007), and one end of the piston member 3 (1008) extending out of the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) is connected to the other end of the corresponding L-shaped pry bar (1006), and spring 3 is installed inside the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) for shrinking and resetting the piston member 3 (1008), and one end of the gas injection pipe 2 (1007) away from the L-shaped pry bar (1006) is connected to gas pipe 5 (1009), and the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is installed with gas pipe 6 (1010) which is connected to all gas pipes 5 (1009) at the same time, and the end of the gas pipe 6 (1010) is connected to another interface at the top of the electromagnetic three-way valve (9).

10. The 3DGIS-based railway bridge and tunnel settlement automatic monitoring device according to claim 9 is characterized by: The four outer walls of the reference point observation platform (3) are hinged with side box covers (301), the surface of the reference point observation platform (3) is provided with a round window for the automatic total station (4) to be installed through, and the edge of the round window surface is integrally provided with a ring plate (302), the surface of the reference point observation platform (3) is provided with a press buckle (303) for pressing the protective cover (10) in a circular array, the top of the ring plate (302) is fixedly provided with a spring tube (304) in a circular array, and the inside of the spring tube (304) is elastically and telescopically assembled with a top bead (305), the inner wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is fixedly provided with a ring groove (1011) for the top bead (305) to be pushed into, and the outer wall of the bottom of the protective cover (10) is elastically assembled with a push rod (1012) for pushing the top bead (305) out of the ring groove (1011).

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