Quantum computing architecture, encoding method and device based on carbon nanotubes

Abstract

The present invention provides a quantum computing architecture and encoding method and device based on carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes can be artificially divided into multiple segments by making grooves, and the coupling strength between the multiple segments meets the requirements of quantum computing. In this architecture, the nanotubes and the quantum dots thereon can not only serve as a quantum bit, but also as a channel for phonon transmission. The methods of encoding quantum bits in the present invention mainly include dual-line coding and single-line coding. Different coding methods are accompanied by different quantum resource allocation overheads and error correction operation methods. However, both coding methods use a topological code called surface code for error correction. It is convenient to implement surface codes on a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes because the coupling strength between adjacent quantum bits can be controlled by regulating the electrodes of the transmission path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of semiconductors, quantum architecture design, quantum coding and quantum error correction, and algorithm design. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the quantum computing industry has reached a new level of development. Major breakthroughs have been made in both the hardware implementation and the fundamental theory of quantum computing. Due to quantum computing's irreplaceable advantages over classical computing, problems that cannot be solved in polynomial time on classical computers can be accelerated by quantum computing. This has had a profound impact on, and even disrupted, traditional encryption and scientific computing. Consequently, quantum computing has become a focal point of great power competition and a focus of international research. It possesses unparalleled scientific, economic, political, and military value. However, the short coherence time of qubits and their susceptibility to environmental noise have significantly hindered the practical application of quantum computing. The recent emergence of quantum error correction technology has provided new insights into the practical application of quantum computing. In 2023, Google researchers achieved a new breakthrough in quantum error correction, reducing the qubit error rate to below the surface code threshold. They then used surface codes to encode logical qubits, achieving a longer coherence time and lower error rate. They used a two-dimensional nanowire architecture to encode physical qubits using dual-wire and single-wire encoding methods, and constructed logical qubits using surface codes on the physical qubit array. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0004] A coding method for a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes. The quantum computing architecture consists of a two-dimensional cross-structure of nanowires, an auxiliary microwave cavity, and an electrode system. The coding method of the architecture is single-wire coding or dual-wire coding. The nanowire intersections are insulated and the surface codes are run using single-wire coding and dual-wire coding.

[0005] The two-dimensional cross structure of the nanowires is as follows: the nanowires are placed cross-shaped on the grooves; the grooves refer to the concave-convex structure on the two-dimensional substrate;

[0006] The auxiliary microwave cavity and electrode system: the microwave cavity and the electrode system are connected to control the quantum dots;

[0007] The insulation design at the nanowire intersection: an insulating coating is applied at the nanowire intersection to separate the two quantum dots;

[0008] The single-line and double-line encoding methods: double-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at the intersection of nanowires, and single-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at a single section of nanowire;

[0009] The method of using single-line coding and dual-line coding to run the surface code is to design a corresponding method of running the surface code by utilizing the position characteristics of the quantum bits of the dual-line coding and the single-line coding in the two-dimensional architecture;

[0010] There are two types of position characteristics: one is that the quantum dot is at the intersection of the nanowires and is used as a physical quantum bit, that is, double-line coding; the other is that the quantum dot is at the midpoint of two adjacent intersections and is used as a physical quantum bit, that is, single-line coding.

[0011] As a preferred method, direct phonon-to-phonon coupling is performed between two adjacent quantum bits, carbon nanotubes are used as transmission channels for the coupling, and the microwave cavity is only used as an auxiliary to control the transmission.

[0012] As a preferred method, single-line and double-line coding are used to encode quantum bits. Single-line coding uses a single nanowire and a quantum dot formed by electrons on it to encode a quantum bit, while double-line coding uses two contacting nanowires to cross each other, and two quantum dots jointly encode a quantum bit.

[0013] As a preferred approach, phonons are transmitted between different cross-shaped nanowires by direct contact.

[0014] As a preferred method, an insulating coating is applied at the contact points of the double-wire coded nanowires to keep the two electrons always located on the two nanowires.

[0015] As a preferred approach, the topological two-dimensional structure extended by this encoding method meets the requirements of the surface code. The electrodes can be controlled by software to achieve the construction of stabilizers. Based on the construction of stabilizers, logical quantum bits can be constructed on a substrate. The electrodes are controlled to complete quantum evolution, and logical X-gates and Z-gates are constructed. The X and Z gates are used to construct the Y-gate, and the bit movement qubit-mov is realized on the two-dimensional topological structure. Based on this, the logical CNOT gate is constructed. Based on these basic quantum gates, any unitary gate can be approximated.

[0016] As a preferred approach, when using dual-line coding to implement the CNOT gate, it is easier to close the phonon channel between the measurement quantum bit and the remaining three data bits.

[0017] As a preferred approach, the quantum bit and the phonon transmission channel use the same structure.

[0018] As a preferred method, dual-line coding and single-line coding are complementary in topology. Without changing the hardware, only the software for controlling the electrodes needs to be changed to switch between dual-line coding and single-line coding. When the algorithm requires it, single-line and dual-line mixed coding can be achieved.

[0019] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes, in which the arrangement of nanowires and the position of grooves are specially designed to ensure that the architecture can match the encoding method. The nanowire arrangement adopts a two-dimensional cross structure, and a nanowire is divided into multiple segments by the intersection. The position design of the groove is based on the position of the nanowire. The intersection of the nanowires and the midpoint of the nanowire segment correspond to the concave part of the two-dimensional substrate. The shape of the concave part is a square with a side length of 3 microns. The other positions correspond to the convex part of the two-dimensional substrate. In this groove design method, it is only necessary to etch the corresponding concave part of the flat substrate. Another design is to surround the intersection with a rectangular parallelepiped to make a protrusion, such as Figure 3 As shown, each square corresponds to a rectangular parallelepiped protrusion. In this way, all substrate materials except the protrusion need to be etched.

[0020] As a preferred method, the grooves are manufactured by etching corresponding recesses.

[0021] As a preferred approach, carbon nanowires are used as the two-dimensional structural material.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, the shape of the recess is a square with a side length of 3 microns.

[0023] The third object of the present invention is to provide a quantum computing architecture implementation and encoding device based on carbon nanotubes, including a substrate, a quantum dot system formed by a nanowire array on the substrate, a phonon transmission circuit, an auxiliary microwave cavity system and a corresponding electrode structure; wherein quantum bits are encoded on the quantum dots, and the phonon transmission circuit adjusts the coupling of the quantum dots by transmitting vibration modes. The nanowires used for the circuit and the quantum dots have the same structure, and the specific usage number is determined by the encoding method. Insulating material coating is used at the contact points of different nanowires; single-line or double-line encoding is used to control the electrodes and the auxiliary microwave cavity through software to perform quantum evolution to construct a quantum gate; the construction of the stabilizer is achieved by running a series of gate operations corresponding to the stabilizer.

[0024] The encoding method is divided into single-line encoding and dual-line encoding. A nanowire is divided into several segments. Each nanowire segment may or may not cross with other nanowire segments depending on the arrangement of the nanowires. The intersections are used to encode quantum bits, and the non-intersection segments are used as phonon transmission channels. This is dual-line encoding. The non-intersection segments are used as quantum bits, and the intersection segments are used to transmit phonons. This is single-line encoding.

[0025] The phonon transmission circuit utilizes the vibration transmission characteristics of nanowires to achieve coupling between adjacent quantum bits. The transmission circuit is a cross-linked or non-cross-linked nanowire segment. In a single-wire encoding method, it is a cross-linked nanowire segment, and in a double-wire encoding method, it is a non-cross-linked nanowire segment.

[0026] The auxiliary microwave cavity system and the corresponding electrode structure, which are control electrodes for regulating the state of each quantum dot, are coupled to the auxiliary microwave cavity and the electrodes. These two structures can control the quantum evolution of quantum dots, construct physical bit logic gates, and control the opening and closing of phonon transmission lines.

[0027] The quantum gate is constructed through quantum evolution. A quantum gate corresponds to a unitary matrix, and this unitary matrix is ​​solved by constructing the corresponding Hamiltonian through the Schrödinger equation. At this time, as long as a system with an equivalent Hamiltonian is constructed in the real event, the desired state can be obtained after a fixed quantum evolution time.

[0028] The stabilizer is obtained by performing a series of gate operations because the stabilizer is composed of a series of gate operations, wherein the main body of the X stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates and two H gates; the main body of the Z stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates.

[0029] As a preferred approach, quantum bits are densely encoded in a two-dimensional architecture without leaving any empty spaces.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, the surface code is run using double-line coding.

[0031] As a preferred method, phonon transmission lines composed of nanowires and quantum dots are used to transmit vibration modes between adjacent quantum bits.

[0032] Preferably, insulation is applied only at the contact points.

[0033] The present invention provides a specific design and encoding for a two-dimensional quantum computing architecture using carbon nanowire encoding. The goal is to use carbon nanotubes to form a scalable two-dimensional computing array on an electrode array, and to encode qubits onto single-segment nanowires or intersecting nanowires to achieve single-wire and dual-wire encoding. Based on these two encoding methods, physical quantum CNOT gates and H gates are implemented using electrodes and microwave cavity control, thereby constructing X stabilizers and Z stabilizers. This allows a two-dimensional array to be encoded into one or more logical bits, and logical X, Z, and CNOT gates are implemented using physical X and Z gates, thereby realizing universal logic gates. Single-wire and dual-wire encoding on nanowires allows for full space utilization, and the use of nanowires for both qubits and coupling transmission lines greatly simplifies electrode design and operation. In dual-wire encoding, the coupling of different qubits can be easily switched on and off via electrodes, simplifying the implementation of CNOT gates. Since CNOT gates are the main stabilizers, the use of surface codes in dual-wire encoding is extremely efficient, making the quantum computing architecture designed in this invention ideally suited for running surface codes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a unit in the single-line encoding mode of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a unit under the dual-line coding method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a 7X7 two-dimensional structure under the dual-line coding of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the quantum circuit diagram of the Z stabilizer of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is the quantum circuit diagram of the X stabilizer of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] The embodiment provides an encoding method for a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes. The structure of the quantum computing architecture is divided into a two-dimensional cross-structure of nanowires, an auxiliary microwave cavity, and an electrode system. The encoding method of the architecture is single-line encoding or double-line encoding. The intersections of the nanowires are insulated and single-line encoding and double-line encoding are used to run surface codes.

[0041] The two-dimensional cross structure of the nanowires is as follows: the nanowires are placed cross-shaped on the grooves; the grooves refer to the concave-convex structure on the two-dimensional substrate;

[0042] The auxiliary microwave cavity and electrode system: the microwave cavity and the electrode system are connected to control the quantum dots;

[0043] The insulation design at the nanowire intersection: an insulating coating is applied at the nanowire intersection to separate the two quantum dots;

[0044] The single-line and double-line encoding methods: double-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at the intersection of nanowires, and single-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at a single section of nanowire;

[0045] The method of using single-line coding and dual-line coding to run the surface code is to design a corresponding method of running the surface code by utilizing the position characteristics of the quantum bits of the dual-line coding and the single-line coding in the two-dimensional architecture;

[0046] There are two types of position characteristics: one is that the quantum dot is at the intersection of the nanowires and is used as a physical quantum bit, that is, double-line coding; the other is that the quantum dot is at the midpoint of two adjacent intersections and is used as a physical quantum bit, that is, single-line coding.

[0047] In some embodiments, phonon-to-phonon coupling is performed directly between two adjacent quantum bits, carbon nanotubes are used as transmission channels for the coupling, and the microwave cavity is only used as an auxiliary to control the transmission.

[0048] In some embodiments, the method of encoding quantum bits uses single-line and double-line coding. Single-line coding uses a single segment of nanowire and a quantum dot formed by electrons on it to encode a quantum bit, while double-line coding uses two contacting nanowires to cross each other, and two quantum dots jointly encode a quantum bit.

[0049] In some embodiments, phonons are transferred between different crisscrossing nanowires by direct contact.

[0050] In some embodiments, an insulating coating is applied at the contact points of the dual-wire coded nanowires to keep the two electrons always located on the two nanowire segments.

[0051] In some embodiments, the topological two-dimensional structure extended by this encoding method meets the requirements of the surface code. The electrodes can be controlled by software to achieve the construction of stabilizers. Based on the construction of stabilizers, logical quantum bits can be constructed on a substrate. The electrodes are controlled to achieve quantum evolution, and logical X-gates and Z-gates are constructed. The X and Z gates are used to construct a Y-gate, and bit movement qubit-mov is implemented on the two-dimensional topological structure. Based on this, a logical CNOT gate is constructed. Based on these basic quantum gates, any unitary gate can be approximated.

[0052] In some embodiments, when two-wire encoding is used to implement the CNOT gate, it is easier to close the phonon channel between the measurement qubit and the remaining three data bits.

[0053] In some embodiments, the quantum bit and the phonon transmission channel use the same structure.

[0054] In some embodiments, dual-line coding and single-line coding are complementary in topology. Without changing the hardware, switching between dual-line coding and single-line coding can be achieved by simply changing the software that controls the electrodes. When the algorithm requires it, single-line and dual-line mixed coding can be achieved.

[0055] The second purpose of this embodiment is to provide a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes. The nanowire arrangement and groove position are specially designed to ensure that the architecture can match the encoding method. The nanowire arrangement adopts a two-dimensional cross structure, and a nanowire is divided into multiple segments by the intersection. The groove position design is based on the position of the nanowire. The intersection of the nanowire and the midpoint of the nanowire segment correspond to the concave part of the two-dimensional substrate, and the other positions correspond to the convex part of the two-dimensional substrate. In this groove design method, it is only necessary to etch the corresponding concave part of the flat substrate.

[0056] The third purpose of this embodiment is to provide a quantum computing architecture implementation and encoding device based on carbon nanotubes, including a substrate, a quantum dot system formed by a nanowire array on the substrate, a phonon transmission circuit, an auxiliary microwave cavity system and a corresponding electrode structure; wherein quantum bits are encoded on the quantum dots, and the phonon transmission circuit adjusts the coupling of the quantum dots by transmitting vibration modes. The nanowires used for the circuit and the quantum dots have the same structure, and the specific usage number is determined by the encoding method. Insulating material coating is used at the contact points of different nanowires; single-line or double-line encoding is used to control the electrodes and the auxiliary microwave cavity through software to perform quantum evolution to construct a quantum gate; the construction of the stabilizer is achieved by running a series of gate operations corresponding to the stabilizer.

[0057] The encoding method is divided into single-line encoding and dual-line encoding. A nanowire is divided into several segments. Each nanowire segment may or may not cross with other nanowire segments depending on the arrangement of the nanowires. The intersections are used to encode quantum bits, and the non-intersection segments are used as phonon transmission channels. This is dual-line encoding. The non-intersection segments are used as quantum bits, and the intersection segments are used to transmit phonons. This is single-line encoding.

[0058] The phonon transmission circuit utilizes the vibration transmission characteristics of nanowires to achieve coupling between adjacent quantum bits. The transmission circuit is a cross-linked or non-cross-linked nanowire segment. In a single-wire encoding method, it is a cross-linked nanowire segment, and in a double-wire encoding method, it is a non-cross-linked nanowire segment.

[0059] The auxiliary microwave cavity system and the corresponding electrode structure, which are control electrodes for regulating the state of each quantum dot, are coupled to the auxiliary microwave cavity and the electrodes. These two structures can control the quantum evolution of quantum dots, construct physical bit logic gates, and control the opening and closing of phonon transmission lines.

[0060] The quantum gate is constructed through quantum evolution. A quantum gate corresponds to a unitary matrix, and this unitary matrix is ​​solved by constructing the corresponding Hamiltonian through the Schrödinger equation. At this time, as long as a system with an equivalent Hamiltonian is constructed in the real event, the desired state can be obtained after a fixed quantum evolution time.

[0061] The stabilizer is obtained by performing a series of gate operations because the stabilizer is composed of a series of gate operations, wherein the main body of the X stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates and two H gates; the main body of the Z stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates.

[0062] Preferably, the qubits are densely encoded in a two-dimensional architecture, leaving no empty spaces.

[0063] Preferably, the surface code is run using double-line coding.

[0064] Preferably, phonon transmission lines composed of nanowires and quantum dots are used to transmit vibration modes between adjacent quantum bits.

[0065] Preferably, the insulation is only applied at the contact points.

[0066] Example 1

[0067] The encoding scheme adopted by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 Using single-line coding, the long section of the nanowire encodes the quantum bit, and the intersection of the two ends serves as a phonon transmission channel. In this way, a quantum bit will be adjacent to six other quantum bits. In the specific quantum operation process, auxiliary microwave cavities and electrodes are needed to adjust the remaining five quantum bits that do not need to be coupled to a non-resonant frequency, so that the two quantum bits to be coupled are at the resonant frequency. (Another method is to close the phonon transmission channel on one side, and then make the two quantum bits on the other side out of the resonant frequency) And so on, all quantum bits can be coupled. Figure 2 The system uses a two-wire encoding scheme, where qubits are encoded at the intersections. Each qubit is connected to four surrounding qubits. When the central qubit is entangled with one of them, the coupling with the other three qubits can be disconnected by controlling the electrodes on the phonon transmission line. This process can be repeated for four entanglement operations.

[0068] The numbering of the quantum bits, taking 7X7 double-line coding as an example, is as follows: Figure 3 As shown in the figure, 7x7 refers to a nanowire with seven segments, each measuring 7 in length and 7 in width, encoding a total of 16 physical qubits. Z11, Z13, Z22, Z24, Z31, Z33, Z42, and Z44 are measurement qubits, while Z12, Z14, Z21, Z23, Z32, Z34, Z41, and Z42 are data qubits. Each measurement qubit is adjacent to two to four data qubits, and each data qubit is adjacent to two to four measurement qubits.

[0069] use Figure 3 The construction of the stabilizer in the medium quantum architecture focuses on realizing the CNOT operation between the measurement quantum bit and the data quantum bits around it and the two Hadamard operations of the measurement quantum bit. By using the double-line encoding method, taking the 7X7 two-dimensional architecture as an example, Figure 3 As shown. Assuming that the operation of the Z-stabilizer is to be realized with the measurement quantum bit Z22 as the center, the quantum circuit of the Z-stabilizer is as follows Figure 4As shown. First, disconnect the phonon transmission channels between Z22 and Z21, Z12, and Z23, and perform CNOT operations on Z22 and Z32. The same method can be used to perform CNOT operations with Z21, Z12, and Z23. To realize X stabilizers, simply adjust the electrodes under the quantum dots before and after the above operations to achieve the corresponding quantum evolution.

[0070] Through for Figure 3 The cyclic operation of the mesostabilizers can construct a logical qubit on the entire 7x7 substrate. By running a series of physical bit X and Z operations on the architecture, logical X and logical Z operations can be constructed. As needed, electrodes can be manipulated to disconnect the phonon transmission channel between the corresponding measurement qubit and the surrounding data qubits in the two-dimensional architecture, thereby shutting down the X or Z stabilizers and constructing an X-cut qubit or Z-cut qubit (a type of logical bit) in the architecture.

Claims

1. A coding method for a quantum computing architecture based on carbon nanotubes, characterized by: The quantum computing architecture consists of a two-dimensional nanowire cross structure, an auxiliary microwave cavity, and an electrode system. The encoding method of the architecture is single-wire coding or dual-wire coding. The nanowire intersections are insulated and single-wire coding and dual-wire coding are used to run surface codes. The two-dimensional cross structure of the nanowires: the nanowires are placed in a cross shape on the grooves; electrons are trapped as quantum dots at the intersections of the nanowires and at the midpoints of the nanowires between adjacent intersections; there is a quantum dot on each of the upper and lower nanowires at the intersection; the grooves refer to the concave and convex structures on the two-dimensional substrate; The auxiliary microwave cavity and electrode system: the microwave cavity and the electrode system are connected to control the quantum dots; The insulation design at the nanowire intersection: an insulating coating is applied at the nanowire intersection to separate the two quantum dots; The single-line and double-line encoding methods: double-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at the intersections of nanowires, and single-line encoding encodes quantum bits into quantum dots at the midpoints of nanowires between adjacent intersections. The method of using single-line coding and dual-line coding to run the surface code is to design a corresponding method of running the surface code by utilizing the position characteristics of the quantum bits of the dual-line coding and the single-line coding in the two-dimensional architecture; There are two types of positional characteristics: one quantum dot is located at the intersection of the nanowires, called A quantum dot; the other quantum dot is located at the midpoint of two adjacent intersections, called B quantum dot.

2. The encoding method for a carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: Phonon-to-phonon coupling is directly carried out between two adjacent quantum bits, and carbon nanotubes and the quantum dots on them are used as transmission channels to regulate coupling, and the microwave cavity only serves as an auxiliary to regulate transmission.

3. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: The method of encoding quantum bits uses single-line and double-line coding. Single-line coding uses a single section of nanowire and a quantum dot formed by electrons on it to encode a quantum bit, while double-line coding uses two contacting nanowires to cross each other, and the two quantum dots jointly encode a quantum bit; not all quantum dots are used to encode physical quantum bits. Some quantum dots and the nanowires they are in are used as phonon transmission control units; when using double-line coding, quantum dot A is used as the physical quantum bit and quantum dot B is used as the phonon transmission control unit; when using single-line coding, quantum dot B is used as the physical quantum bit and quantum dot A is used as the phonon transmission control unit.

4. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: Phonons are transferred between different cross-shaped nanowires through direct contact.

5. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: An insulating coating is applied at the contact points of the double-wire coded nanowires to keep the two electrons always located on the two nanowires.

6. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: The topological two-dimensional structure extended by this encoding method meets the requirements of the surface code. The electrodes can be controlled by software to realize the construction of stabilizers. Based on the construction of stabilizers, logical quantum bits can be constructed on a substrate. The electrodes can be controlled to complete quantum evolution, and logical X-gates and Z-gates can be constructed. The X and Z-gates are used to construct the Y-gate, and the bit movement qubit-mov is realized on the two-dimensional topological structure. Based on this, the logical CNOT gate is constructed. Based on these basic quantum gates, any unitary gate can be approximated.

7. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: When using two-wire encoding to implement the CNOT gate, it is easier to close the phonon channel between the measurement qubit and the remaining three data bits.

8. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: Both quantum bits and phonon transmission channels use the same structure.

9. The encoding method of the carbon nanotube-based quantum computing architecture according to claim 1, wherein: Dual-line coding and single-line coding are complementary in topology. Without changing the hardware, switching between dual-line coding and single-line coding can be achieved by simply changing the software that controls the electrodes. When the algorithm requires it, single-line and dual-line mixed coding can be achieved.

10. A quantum computing architecture implementation and encoding device based on carbon nanotubes, characterized by: It includes a substrate, a quantum dot system formed by a nanowire array on the substrate, a phonon transmission circuit, an auxiliary microwave cavity system and a corresponding electrode structure; wherein quantum bits are encoded on the quantum dots, and the phonon transmission circuit adjusts the coupling of the quantum dots by transmitting vibration modes. The circuit and the nanowires used for the quantum dots have the same structure, and the specific usage number is determined by the encoding method. Insulating material coating is used at the contact points of different nanowires; single-line or double-line encoding is used to control the electrodes and the auxiliary microwave cavity through software to perform quantum evolution to construct a quantum gate; the construction of the stabilizer is achieved by running a series of gate operations corresponding to the stabilizer. The encoding method is divided into single-line encoding and dual-line encoding. A nanowire is divided into several segments. Each nanowire segment may or may not cross with other nanowire segments depending on the arrangement of the nanowires. The intersections are used to encode quantum bits, and the non-intersection segments are used as phonon transmission channels. This is dual-line encoding. The non-intersection segments are used as quantum bits, and the intersection segments are used to transmit phonons. This is single-line encoding. The phonon transmission circuit utilizes the vibration transmission characteristics of nanowires to achieve coupling between adjacent quantum bits. The transmission circuit is a cross-linked or non-cross-linked nanowire segment. In a single-wire encoding method, it is a cross-linked nanowire segment, and in a double-wire encoding method, it is a non-cross-linked nanowire segment. The auxiliary microwave cavity system and the corresponding electrode structure, which are control electrodes for regulating the state of each quantum dot, are coupled to the auxiliary microwave cavity and the electrodes. These two structures can control the quantum evolution of quantum dots, construct physical bit logic gates, and control the opening and closing of phonon transmission lines. Quantum gates are constructed through quantum evolution. A quantum gate corresponds to a unitary matrix, and this unitary matrix is ​​solved by constructing the corresponding Hamiltonian and then solving the Schrödinger equation. At this point, as long as a system with an equivalent Hamiltonian is constructed in the real event, the desired state can be obtained after a fixed quantum evolution time. The stabilizer is obtained by performing a series of gate operations because the stabilizer is composed of a series of gate operations, where the main body of the X stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates and two H gates; the main body of the Z stabilizer is 4 CNOT gates.

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