An electrical switch

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electrical switch, which relates to the technical field of electrical equipment. The switch comprises a static contact system, a movable contact system, an electrical switch housing, and an arc extinguishing system. The arc extinguishing system comprises two static arc-strike horns, an arc contact system, an arc extinguishing assembly, a transmission assembly, and a housing. The two static arc-strike horns are electrically connected to the static contact system and the movable contact system, respectively. The arc contact system is configured to contact the two static arc-strike horns to achieve conduction between the two, and to move away from the two static arc-strike horns to achieve disconnection between the two. The transmission assembly is configured to transmit power during closing and opening of the movable contact system to the arc contact system, so that connection between the arc contact system and the two static arc-strike horns takes precedence over connection between the static contact system and the movable contact system, and disconnection between the arc contact system and the two static arc-strike horns lags behind disconnection between the static contact system and the movable contact system. The present invention can reduce operation and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical equipment, and in particular to an electrical switch. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of the switch, the voltage between the contacts will cause discharge in the air medium, forming an arc. The arc becomes a safety hazard for electrical equipment. For this reason, arc extinguishing systems are usually installed in various electrical switches such as circuit breakers and contactors to extinguish the arc to ensure the safe operation of electrical equipment.

[0003] The arc extinguishing system and contact system are core components of electrical switches, used to limit the arc's spatial position and accelerate arc extinction. In high-voltage, high-capacity electrical switch technology, it is often adopted to set several contact components longer than the main contacts in the moving contact of the contact system to use as arc contacts. This method reduces the erosion of the main contacts and is more conducive to cooperating with the arc extinguishing system to increase the arc extinguishing effect. The above existing technical solutions all have the disadvantage that after the arc contact is damaged, the entire contact system must be replaced. At the same time, when the arc contact damage process is in the final stage, it is easy to cause abnormal consumption and damage to the arc striking structure of the arc extinguishing system, resulting in increased maintenance costs. On the other hand, as the core components of the electrical switch, the arc extinguishing system and the contact system have complex structures and are closely coordinated with the operating mechanism, electrical parameter acquisition system, product frame housing, etc., making disassembly and assembly difficult and time-consuming, and accounting for a high proportion of the overall cost. The effectiveness of the arc extinguishing system and the contact system directly affects the disconnection reliability of the electrical switch and the life of the electrical appliance. Therefore, when the arc extinguishing system and contact system of an electrical switch fail, maintenance is often performed by replacing the entire electrical switch. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrical switch to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides an electrical switch, comprising a static contact system, a moving contact system, an electrical switch housing and an arc extinguishing system, wherein the arc extinguishing system comprises: two static arc-strike angles, an arc contact system, an arc extinguishing assembly, a transmission assembly and a housing; the two static arc-strike angles are electrically connected to the static contact system and the moving contact system respectively; the arc contact system is used to contact the two static arc-strike angles and realize conduction between the two and to stay away from the two static arc-strike angles and realize disconnection between the two; the arc extinguishing assembly is constructed to extinguish the arc generated when the two static arc-strike angles are connected or disconnected by the arc contact system; the transmission assembly is constructed to transmit the power when the moving contact system is closed and opened to the arc contact system, so that the connection between the arc contact system and the two static arc-strike angles takes precedence over the connection between the static contact system and the moving contact system The connection between the contact systems makes the disconnection between the arc contact system and the two static arc-strike angles lag behind the disconnection between the static contact system and the moving contact system; the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the moving contact system, the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the arc contact system, or the transmission assembly itself can be disassembled into two parts, one part is connected to the arc contact system, and the other part is connected to the moving contact system, and the transmission assembly is arranged outside the electrical switch housing; the arc extinguishing assembly, the two static arc-strike angles, and the arc contact system are arranged in the housing; the static contact system and the moving contact system are both connected to the electrical switch housing, the static contact of the static contact system is arranged in the electrical switch housing, and the housing is detachably plugged into the upper part of the electrical switch housing.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0008] The arc extinguishing system in the electrical switch provided by the present invention is completely isolated from the main contact system, so that the arc is only generated and eliminated inside the arc extinguishing system, preventing the arc from damaging the conductive system of the electrical switch, and improving the safety, reliability and service life of the electrical switch. At the same time, the arc extinguishing system is detachably connected to the moving contact system through a transmission component. When the arc extinguishing system in the electrical switch needs to be replaced due to arc erosion, the arc extinguishing system can be directly disassembled and replaced without having to disassemble the electrical switch for maintenance or replace the entire electrical switch, which greatly shortens maintenance time and saves maintenance costs. Secondly, the transmission component is arranged on the outside of the electrical switch housing, which is convenient for the staff to remove the arc extinguishing system from the electrical switch housing or reinstall it on the electrical switch housing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention (excluding the operating mechanism);

[0011] Figure 2 The isometric view of the embodiment of the present invention after removing the electrical switch housing Figure 1 ;

[0012] Figure 3 The isometric view of the embodiment of the present invention after removing the electrical switch housing Figure 2 ;

[0013] Figure 4 The isometric view of the embodiment of the present invention after removing the electrical switch housing Figure 3 ;

[0014] Figure 5 This is a left side view of the embodiment of the present invention in the open state after the electrical switch housing is removed;

[0015] Figure 6 This is a right side view of the electrical switch embodiment of the present invention in the open state after the electrical switch housing is removed;

[0016] Figure 7 This is a left side view of the electrical switch in the closed state after the housing of the electrical switch is removed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 8 This is a right side view of the electrical switch in the closed state after the housing of the electrical switch is removed according to the embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 9 a, b, c, and d are respectively the right, main, left, and top views of the arc extinguishing system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 10 This is an axonometric diagram of an arc extinguishing system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 11 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc extinguishing system housing and the arc contact system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 12 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc extinguishing system with the outer shell removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Axonometric view of the other side;

[0023] Figure 14 This is an axonometric diagram of the coordination between the arc contact system and the dynamic and static arc striking angles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 15 This is a front view of the arc extinguishing system with the outer shell removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 16 This is a top view of the arc extinguishing system with the outer shell removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 17 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc extinguishing system with one side of the housing removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 18 a, b, and c are respectively the right, main, and left views of the arc extinguishing chamber in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 19 This is an axonometric diagram of an arc extinguishing system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 20 In the embodiment of the present invention, the arc extinguishing system Figure 19 Axonometric drawing in the other direction;

[0030] Figure 21 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc extinguishing system after removing the arc isolation walls on both sides in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 22 In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 21 Axonometric drawing in the other direction;

[0032] Figure 23 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc extinguishing chamber after removing the arc isolation walls on both sides and the left and right baffles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 24 This is an axonometric diagram of the arrangement of arc quenching grids in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 25 a, b, respectively, are a front view and a top view of the left and right baffles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 26 This is an axonometric view of the left and right baffles in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 27 a, b, respectively, are a front view and a left view of the arc contact system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 28 This is a plan view of the arc contact system with one side of the housing removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 29 This is an axonometric diagram of the arc contact system with one side of the housing removed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 30 This is an axonometric view of the arc contact system housing in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 31 A cross-sectional view of the gap between adjacent arc-extinguishing grids in an arc-extinguishing chamber and a schematic diagram of the arc airflow direction in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 32 Schematic diagram of airflow movement and direction in an arc extinguishing system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 33 This is a schematic diagram of the open position of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 34 Schematic diagram of an arc contact of an electrical switch in an embodiment of the present invention and a static arcing angle in a critical contact position;

[0044] Figure 35 Schematic diagram of a movable contact and a stationary contact system of an electrical switch in a critical contact position according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 36 This is a schematic diagram of the closed position of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 37 In the process of opening the electrical switch of the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 34 Schematic diagram of the current path of the state;

[0047] Figure 38 This is a schematic diagram of the current and arc path at the initial stage of opening the electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 39 This is a schematic diagram of the current and arc path during the middle phase of opening the electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 40 Schematic diagram of current and arc path at the end of opening of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Among them, 1-electrical switch housing; 2-rotating shaft; 3-connecting rod 1; 4-connecting rod 2; 5-connecting rod 3; 6-shaft; 7-bracket 1; 8-bracket 2; 9-pin shaft 1; 10-pin shaft 2; 11-arc extinguishing system; 12-moving contact system; 13-connecting rod 4; 14-pin shaft 3; 15-static contact system; 16-moving connecting wire; 17-static connecting wire; 18-contact support; 19-moving contact; 20-moving contact silver point; 21-static contact silver point; 22-screw; 23-arc contact housing; 24-rivet; 25-arc contact; 26-arc contact silver point; 27-groove structure; 28-spring positioning groove; 29-slide rail; 3 0-spring mounting slot; 31-arc contact spring; 32-upper exhaust hole; 33-housing; 34-static connection point; 35-moving connection point; 36-blocking structure; 37-enclosed chamber; 38-arc contact system; 39-arc extinguishing chamber; 40-arc extinguishing grid; 41-arc absorption structure; 42-static arc striking angle; 43-moving arc striking angle; 44-static arc striking silver point; 45-arc striking notch; 46-grid exhaust cutout; 47-chamfered structure; 48-arc isolation wall; 49-left baffle; 50-right baffle; 51-narrow slit structure; 52-exhaust hole; 53-exhaust cutout; 54-rotation center axis of the shaft; 55-rotation center axis of the moving contact system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] The following combination Figures 1 to 40 , describing embodiments of the present invention.

[0054] The embodiment of the present invention provides an electrical switch, such as Figures 1 to 8As shown, it includes a static contact system 15, a moving contact system 12, an electrical switch housing 1 and an arc extinguishing system 11, and the arc extinguishing system 11 includes: two static arc-strike angles 42, an arc contact system 38, an arc extinguishing assembly, a transmission assembly and a housing 33; the two static arc-strike angles 42 are electrically connected to the static contact system 15 and the moving contact system 12 respectively; the arc contact system 38 is used to contact the two static arc-strike angles 42 and realize the conduction between the two and to be away from the two static arc-strike angles 42 and realize the disconnection between the two; the arc extinguishing assembly is constructed to extinguish the arc generated when the two static arc-strike angles 42 are connected or disconnected through the arc contact system 38; the transmission assembly is constructed to transmit the power when the moving contact system 12 is closed and opened to the arc contact system 38, so that the connection between the arc contact system 38 and the two static arc-strike angles 42 is excellent. The connection between the static contact system 15 and the moving contact system 12 is preceded by the connection between the arc contact system 38 and the two static arc-strike angles 42, which lags behind the disconnection between the static contact system 15 and the moving contact system 12; the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the moving contact system 12, the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the arc contact system 38, or the transmission assembly itself can be disassembled into two parts, one part is connected to the moving contact system 12, and the other part is connected to the moving contact system 12, and the transmission assembly is arranged outside the electrical switch housing 1; the arc extinguishing assembly, the two static arc-strike angles 42, and the arc contact system 38 are arranged in the housing 33; the static contact system 15 and the moving contact system 12 are both connected to the electrical switch housing 1, the static contact of the static contact system 15 is arranged in the electrical switch housing 1, and the housing 33 is detachably plugged into the upper part of the electrical switch housing 1.

[0055] Specifically, the top of the electrical switch housing 1 is open, and the lower part of the arc extinguishing system 11 can be detachably inserted into the electrical switch housing 1 through the top opening. The upper part of the arc extinguishing system 11 extends from the top opening of the electrical switch housing 1 to the outside of the electrical switch housing 1. The arc contact system 38 is slidably arranged in the housing 33 along the vertical direction. A shaft 6 is connected to the arc contact system 38, and the end of the shaft 6 extends from the housing 33. The moving contact system 12 drives the shaft 6 to move vertically through the transmission assembly and drives the arc contact system 38 to move up and down.

[0056] The arc extinguishing system 11 in the electrical switch provided by the present invention is completely isolated from the main contact system, so that the arc is only generated and eliminated inside the arc extinguishing system 11, preventing the arc from damaging the conductive system of the electrical switch, and improving the safety, reliability and service life of the electrical switch. At the same time, the arc extinguishing system 11 is detachably connected to the moving contact system 12 through a transmission component. When the arc extinguishing system 11 in the electrical switch is burned by the arc and needs to be replaced, the arc extinguishing system 11 can be directly disassembled and replaced without having to disassemble the electrical switch for maintenance or replace the entire electrical switch, which greatly shortens maintenance time and saves maintenance costs. Secondly, the transmission component is arranged on the outside of the electrical switch housing 1, which is convenient for the staff to remove the arc extinguishing system 11 from the electrical switch housing 1 or reinstall it on the electrical switch housing 1.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, among the two static arc-starting angles 42, one static arc-starting angle 42 is electrically connected to the static contact system 15 through a static connecting line 17; the other static arc-starting angle 42 is electrically connected to the moving contact system 12 through a moving connecting line 16; at least the moving connecting line 16 is set as a flexible conductor, which can be arbitrarily twisted according to the position of the moving contact system 12 to ensure reliable electrical connection. Of course, the static connecting line 17 can be a rigid conductor or a flexible conductor.

[0058] In some embodiments, an arcing contact system 38 is slidably disposed within the housing 33. The arcing contact system 38 includes two arcing contact points 26. Static arcing points 44 are provided on both static arcing angles 42. The two static arcing points 44 are located on the movement paths of the two arcing contact points 26. Under normal conditions, the distance between one arcing contact point 26 and one static arcing point 44 is the same as the distance between the other arcing contact point 26 and the other static arcing point 44. This embodiment achieves the purpose of simultaneously connecting the arcing contact system 38 and the two static arcing points 44.

[0059] The connecting rod mechanism has many deformation examples, and the present invention only illustrates one example, as follows: the transmission assembly includes connecting rod 1 3, connecting rod 2 4 and connecting rod 3 5, and the moving contact system 12 has a rotating shaft 2 and a moving contact 19; the moving contact 19 is installed on the rotating shaft 2, and the rotating shaft 2 is driven by the operating mechanism to rotate around its own axis and drive the moving contact 19 to approach and move away from the static contact in the static contact system 15; one end of the connecting rod 1 3 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2, and the other end is detachably hinged to the connecting rod 2 4 through a pin shaft, and the hinge is located outside the electrical switch housing 1, and the connecting rod 3 5 is bent at a right angle. Of the two rod structures of the connecting rod 3 5, one is vertically set and the other is horizontally set; the free end of the vertically set rod structure is hinged to the connecting rod 3 5, and the free end of the horizontally set rod structure is hinged to the shaft 6. The connecting rod 3 5 is vertically slidably connected to the housing 33 and only has the freedom of vertical sliding.

[0060] This embodiment achieves the purpose of driving the arcing contact to move up and down by the rotating shaft 2 of the moving contact system 12 .

[0061] In some embodiments, multiple movable contact systems 12, static contact systems 15, and arc-extinguishing systems 11 are provided. Each arc-extinguishing system 11 corresponds to one movable contact system 12 and one static contact system 15. Multiple movable contact systems 12 share a common rotating shaft 2. Shaft 6 passes through multiple arc-extinguishing systems 11 in sequence, with both ends extending from the housings 33 of the arc-extinguishing systems 11 on both sides. Multiple arc-extinguishing systems 11 share two transmission assemblies, one end of each transmission assembly being connected to both ends of shaft 6 for transmission. This embodiment achieves the purpose of simultaneously closing and opening multiple movable contacts 19 and static contacts.

[0062] In some embodiments, the arc extinguishing assembly includes two arc extinguishing chambers 39, two static arc striking silver points 44 are respectively arranged on the arc-entry side of the two arc extinguishing chambers 39, the arc contact silver point 26 is always located directly above the static arc striking silver point 44, the arc-entry sides of the two arc extinguishing chambers 39 are arranged opposite each other, there is a gap between the two arc extinguishing chambers 39, the arc contact system 38 is arranged in the gap, and the shaft 6 passes through the gap; the arc contact system 38 includes an arc contact housing 23, an arc contact 25, an arc contact spring 31, and an arc contact outer The housing 23 is vertically slidable within the outer shell 33. The central portion of the arcing contact 25 is vertically slidable within the arcing contact housing 23. The two ends of the arcing contact 25 extend from either side of the arcing contact housing 23. Arcing contact silver points 26 are fixedly mounted on the bottom surfaces of both ends of the arcing contact 25. An arcing contact spring 31 is installed within the arcing contact housing 23 above the arcing contact 25. In the open state, the top of the arcing contact spring 31 abuts against the bottom of the arcing contact 25 and is in a normal or compressed state. One end of the arcing contact spring 31 is positioned within the spring mounting slot 30 within the arcing contact housing 23, and the other end is positioned within the spring positioning slot 28 of the arcing contact 25.

[0063] In some embodiments, an isolation structure 36 is provided on the arc-entry side of the arc extinguishing assembly. The isolation structure 36 and the arc contact system 38 together isolate the two arc extinguishing chambers 39 .

[0064] In some embodiments, the arc extinguishing chamber 39 includes two arc-isolating walls 48, arc-extinguishing grids 40, a left baffle 49, and a right baffle 50; the two arc-isolating walls 48 are arranged opposite to each other with an interval therebetween, the arc-extinguishing grids 40 are placed horizontally, and the two sides are riveted to the arc-isolating walls 48 on both sides, and the multiple arc-extinguishing grids 40 are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction; the static arc-strike angle 42 adopts a multiple-bending structure, with a static arc-strike silver point 44 welded on the bending plane at one end, and the bending plane at the other end is located at the bottom of the lowest arc-extinguishing grid 40 and riveted to the arc-isolating walls 48 on both sides. A dynamic arc-strike angle 43 is also provided in the housing 33. The dynamic arc-strike angle 43 adopts a multiple-bending structure, with one end being a V-shaped or U-shaped bending structure, and the other end being located at the top of the uppermost arc-extinguishing grid 40 and riveted to the arc-isolating walls 48 on both sides. When the arc contact system 38 is in the open state, the arc contact 25 is conductive with the V-shaped or U-shaped bending structure.

[0065] In some embodiments, the arc contact housing 23 is disposed between the two arc extinguishing chambers 39 , and the bottom of the arc contact housing 23 is always lower than the static arc striking silver point 44 , and the top is always higher than the lowest part of the dynamic arc striking angle 43 .

[0066] In some embodiments, the connecting rod 3 5 is slidably connected to the housing 33 and the outside of the electrical switch housing 1 via a bracket fixedly disposed on the housing 33 and / or the outside of the electrical switch housing 1 .

[0067] Specific: such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, the electrical switch in this embodiment of the present invention primarily comprises an electrical switch housing 1, a movable contact system 12, a stationary contact system 15, an arc extinguishing system 11, a transmission assembly, and an operating mechanism (omitted). The operating mechanism drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate about the central axis 54, thereby opening and closing the electrical switch. The arc extinguishing system 11 utilizes a closed modular structure, electrically isolating it from the conductive system consisting of the movable contact system 12 and the stationary contact system 15.

[0068] like Figures 9 to 13 As shown, the arc extinguishing system 11 includes a housing 33, an arc contact system 38, and an arc extinguishing chamber 39. The housing 33 completely encloses the arc contact system 38 and the arc extinguishing chamber 39. Figure 11 As shown, the housing 33 includes a barrier structure 36 inside. This structure cooperates with the arcing contact system 38 to confine the arcing contact system 38 within a closed chamber 37. The arcing contact system 38 can slide freely longitudinally within a certain range within the closed chamber 37. The shaft 6 passes through the axial hole structure of the housing, driving the arcing contact system 38 to perform opening and closing operations. The barrier structure 36 cooperates with the arcing contact system 38 to divide the space on both sides of the arcing contact system 38, forming two independent chambers. The arc extinguishing chamber 39 is respectively placed in these independent chambers.

[0069] like Figures 27 to 30 As shown, the arc contact system 38 includes an arc contact housing 23, an arc contact 25, an arc contact silver point 26, and an arc contact spring 31. The arc contact 25 and the arc contact spring 31 are fixed in the arc contact housing 23 by rivets 24. The arc contact 25 has a groove structure 27, which is clearance-matched with the slide rails 29 of the arc contact housing 23 on both sides, so that it can slide freely longitudinally within a certain range under the restriction of the slide rails 29, meeting the overtravel requirement after the arc contact 25 is closed; due to the clearance fit, the arc contact 25 can also move around the vertical Figure 28 The axis of the arc contact 25 rotates within a ±5° range about the viewing direction to compensate for unilateral overtravel and prevent asynchronous contact between the arc contact silver points 26 on both sides, which could cause a loss of power on one side. Arc contact silver points 26 are welded on both sides of the arc contact 25. One end of the arc contact spring 31 rests in the spring mounting slot 30, and the other end rests in the spring positioning slot 28 of the arc contact 25. This positions the arc contact spring 31 and ensures uniform force across the arc contact 25's bearing surface.

[0070] like Figures 18 to 22 As shown, the arc extinguishing chamber 39 includes arc-isolating walls 48 on both sides, arc-extinguishing grids 40, a left baffle 49, and a right baffle 50. The left baffle 49 and the right baffle 50 wrap around the front ends of the arc-extinguishing grids 40 and extend into the gaps between the arc-extinguishing grids 40. Together with the dynamic arc-ignition angle 43 and the static arc-ignition angle 42, they form a narrow slit structure 51 on the arc-entry side of the arc extinguishing chamber 39 and staggered exhaust holes 52 on the arc-exit side of the arc extinguishing chamber 39.

[0071] like Figures 14 and 15and Figure 23 As shown, the static arc-starting angle 42 has a multi-bend structure. A static arc-starting silver point 44 is welded to the upper bending platform. This silver point contacts the arc contact silver point 26 when the arc contact system 38 is closed, energizing the current. The other end of the static arc-starting angle 42 is bent and extends below the lowermost arc-extinguishing grid 40. The dynamic arc-starting angle 43 utilizes a multi-bend mechanism, with one end bent into a "U"-shaped structure. This allows for direct electrical contact or a small distance between the arc contact 25 when the arc contact system 38 is in or near the open position, enabling direct electrical connection or facilitating arcing.

[0072] like Figures 16-17 and Figure 24 As shown, the arc extinguishing grid 40 at the corresponding position of the opening and closing path of the arc contact 25 has an arc absorbing structure 41. The arc absorbing structure 41 is arranged on both sides of the moving path of the arc contact 25 when it performs the opening and closing action. When an arc is generated during the opening process of the arc contact system 38, the magnetic blowing effect is enhanced to attract the arc, so that the arc enters the arc extinguishing chamber 39 more quickly.

[0073] like Figures 24 to 26 As shown, the arc-out side ends of the left baffle 49 and the right baffle 50 have chamfer structures 47 and exhaust cutouts 53 on both sides of the arc-out ends. Similarly, the arc-out end of the arc-extinguishing grid 40 has corresponding grid exhaust cutouts 46 on both sides.

[0074] like Figure 31 The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the gap between adjacent arc-quenching grids 40 and a schematic diagram of the arc gas flow direction. As shown, the chamfered structure 47 deflects the arc and high-temperature gas in the direction of the arrows. The included angle between the gas flow discharge directions of two adjacent exhaust holes 52 is 90° to 150°. The arc striking notches 45 of the arc-quenching grid 40 align with the gas flow discharge directions of the corresponding exhaust holes 52.

[0075] like Figure 32 As shown, an exhaust channel consisting of an exhaust cutout 53 and a grid exhaust cutout 46 is formed between the arc extinguishing chamber 39 and the housing 33. The high-temperature gas discharged from the exhaust hole 52 moves through the exhaust channel according to the airflow movement path and direction shown in the figure. Figure 11 and Figure 17 As shown, the top of the shell 33 has an upper exhaust hole 32 , which is located corresponding to the exhaust cutout 53 . The high-temperature gas passes through the exhaust channel and is finally discharged from the arc extinguishing system 11 from the upper exhaust hole 32 .

[0076] like Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 14As shown, two static arc-striking angles 42 extend terminal structures to the front and rear of the housing 33. One terminal is a static connection point 34, which is electrically connected to the static contact system 15 via a static connection line 17, which is externally insulated. The other terminal is a dynamic connection point 35, which is electrically connected to the dynamic contact system 12 via a dynamic connection line 16, which is a flexible connection line and externally insulated. The static connection line 17 and the dynamic connection line 16 are located on both sides of the arc extinguishing system 11 and are embedded in the groove of the housing 33. The housing 33 has a long hole structure corresponding to the movement path of the axial hole of the arc contact system 38. The shaft 6 moves longitudinally within the long hole structure, driving the arc contact system 38 to complete the opening and closing actions.

[0077] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the moving contact system 12 includes components such as a contact support 18 and a moving contact 19. During opening or closing operations, an operating mechanism (not shown) drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate about the rotating shaft rotation center axis 54. The rotating shaft 2 is connected to the connecting rod 4 13 via the pin 3 14. During opening and closing operations, the rotating shaft 2 rotates about the rotating shaft rotation center axis 54, driving the connecting rod 4 13 to rotate relative to the pin 3 14. The connecting rod 4 13 then pushes the contact support 18, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate about the moving contact system rotation center axis 55, thereby achieving opening and closing operations of the moving contact system 12 relative to the static contact system 15.

[0078] Link 1 (3) is completely welded to the rotating shaft (2) and connected to Link 2 (4) via Pin 1 (9). Link 3 (5) features an L-shaped bend. Link 2 (4) is connected to one end of Link 3 (5) via Pin 2 (10). The longitudinal arm of Link 3 (5) passes through Bracket 1 (7), which is fixed to the electrical switch housing (1). This allows Link 3 (5) to move in only one longitudinal direction, limited by Bracket 1 (7). Bracket 2 (8) is fixed to the electrical switch housing (1), and the transverse arm of Link 3 (5) passes through Bracket 2 (8), preventing Link 3 (5) from deflecting in other directions during movement. The other end of Link 3 (5) passes through Shaft 6, which in turn passes through the arcing contact system (38) of all arc extinguishing systems (11). When the rotating shaft (2) rotates to open or close, it drives each link, ultimately causing Link 3 (5) to move longitudinally, driving the arcing contact system (38) to move longitudinally, completing the opening and closing of the arcing contact system (38) relative to the static arcing angle (42).

[0079] like Figures 5 and 6 , is a schematic diagram of the positions of various components in the open state. At this time, the moving contact system 12 rotates to the maximum distance from the static contact system 15, and the connecting rod 3 5 moves to the highest point in the longitudinal direction.

[0080] like Figures 7 and 8 , which is a schematic diagram of the positions of various components in the closed state. At this time, the moving contact system 12 rotates until it is completely in contact with the static contact system 15 and reaches the overtravel position, and the connecting rod 5 moves to the lowest point in the longitudinal direction.

[0081] Since the dynamic connection line 16 adopts a flexible connection, it can be bent at will according to different positions of the dynamic contact system 12, thereby ensuring a reliable electrical connection state.

[0082] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0083] like Figure 33 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the opening position of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] At this time, the rotating shaft 2 rotates clockwise to the extreme position, pulling the connecting rod four 13 to rotate relatively, so that the moving contact system 12 rotates counterclockwise to the extreme position with the moving contact system rotation center axis 55 as the axis; at the same time, the connecting rod one 3 rotates clockwise to the extreme position together with the rotating shaft 2, pulling the connecting rod two 4, pushing the connecting rod three 5 to move longitudinally to the highest point, and at the same time pushing the shaft 6 to drive the arc contact system 38 to move longitudinally to the highest point, reaching the opening state. At this time, the two sides of the arc contact 25 are in direct electrical contact with the moving arc striking angles 43 on both sides or maintain a small distance.

[0085] like Figure 34 , which is a schematic diagram of an arc contact of an electrical switch and a static arc striking angle in a critical contact position according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Compared to Figure 33 In the state shown, shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise, moving the electrical switch to the closed position. Shaft 2 pushes connecting rod 4 13 in relative rotation, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate clockwise toward the stationary contact system 15, centered around the moving contact system's central axis 55. Simultaneously, connecting rod 1 3 rotates counterclockwise along with shaft 2, pulling connecting rod 2 4, causing connecting rod 3 5 to move longitudinally downward. This, in turn, pulls shaft 6, driving the arcing contact system 38 downward longitudinally. When the arcing contact system 38 moves until the arcing contact pin 26 just contacts the static arcing pins on the static arcing angle 42, the arcing contact 25 begins conducting with the static arcing angles 42 on either side. At this point, the moving contact pin 20 of the moving contact 19 and the static contact pin 21 of the stationary contact system 15 are not yet in contact, and an electrical gap of at least 2 mm exists.

[0087] like Figure 35 , which is a schematic diagram of the movable contact and the static contact system of the electrical switch in the embodiment of the present invention being in a critical contact position.

[0088] Compared to Figure 34In the state shown, shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise, continuing to move the electrical switch toward the closed position. Shaft 2 pushes connecting rod 4 13 in relative rotation, causing moving contact system 12 to rotate clockwise toward stationary contact system 15 about moving contact system rotation axis 55. At this point, moving contact pin 20 of moving contact 19 begins to contact stationary contact pin 21 of stationary contact system 15, and the main conductive system formed by moving contact system 12 and stationary contact system 15 begins to conduct. Simultaneously, connecting rod 1 3 rotates counterclockwise along shaft 2, pulling connecting rod 2 4, causing connecting rod 3 5 to continue to move downward longitudinally. This, in turn, pulls shaft 6, driving arcing contact system 38 to continue to move downward longitudinally. At this point, arcing contact spring 31 continues to compress.

[0089] like Figure 36 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the closing position of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Compared to Figure 35 In the state shown, the rotating shaft 2 rotates counterclockwise to its limit position, pushing the connecting rod 4 13 in relative rotation, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate clockwise toward the static contact system 15 to its limit position about the moving contact system's central axis of rotation 55. This reaches the overtravel position of the moving contact 19, ensuring reliable contact between the main conductive system formed by the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15. Simultaneously, the connecting rod 1 3 rotates counterclockwise along with the rotating shaft 2, pulling the connecting rod 2 4, causing the connecting rod 3 5 to continue to move downward in the longitudinal direction. This, in turn, pulls the shaft 6, driving the arcing contact system 38 to continue to move downward in the longitudinal direction. At this point, the arcing contact spring 31 is compressed to its limit position.

[0091] As above, Figure 33 → Figure 34 → Figure 35 → Figure 36 The sequence is the order of the electrical switch from the open state to the closed state. When the electrical switch is in the open state, Figure 36 → Figure 35 → Figure 34 → Figure 33 As can be seen from this, by matching the dimensions of the connecting rods, when the rotating shaft 2 rotates in the closing direction, the connection between the arcing contact system 38 and the static arcing angle 42 takes precedence over the connection between the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15; when the rotating shaft 2 rotates in the opening direction, the disconnection between the arcing contact system 38 and the static arcing angle 42 lags behind the disconnection between the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15.

[0092] When the electrical switch is closed under load or closed under power in a short-circuit state on the load side, and when the electrical switch is opened under load or when the fault current is interrupted, due to the first-close-then-open characteristic of the arc contact system 38, and when the arc contact system 38 is at the critical point of closing and opening, there is sufficient electrical clearance between the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15. The two static arc-strike angles 42 in the arc extinguishing system 11 are electrically connected to the moving contact system 12 through the moving connecting line 16 and to the static contact system 15 through the static connecting line 17, so that the arc is only generated between the arc contact system 38 in the arc extinguishing system 11 and the static arc-strike angles 42 on both sides, and the arc extinguishing system 11 is electrically isolated from the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15, preventing the arc from causing erosion to the main conductive system composed of the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15, thereby greatly improving the service life of the electrical switch.

[0093] like Figure 37 The figure shows the process of the electrical switch breaking the current. Figure 34 Schematic diagram of the current path in this state. At this point, the rotating shaft 2 rotates clockwise, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate counterclockwise about the moving contact system's central axis 55. The moving contact point 20 of the moving contact system 12 separates from the static contact point 21 of the static contact system 15, and the distance between them gradually increases. Although the rotation of the rotating shaft 2 causes the connecting rod 3 5 to move upward longitudinally, driving the housing of the arcing contact system 38 upward longitudinally, and the arcing contact spring 31 gradually releases from its compressed state, the spring pressure still overcomes the Holm force, providing sufficient contact pressure to the arcing contact 25, ensuring reliable contact and conduction between the arcing contact 25 and the static arcing angles 42 on both sides. No arc is generated between the moving contact point 20 and the static contact point 21. The current path, as shown in the figure, is moving contact 19 → moving connecting line 16 → static arcing angle 42 (left) → arcing contact 25 → static arcing angle 42 (right) → static connecting line 17 → static contact system 15.

[0094] like Figure 38 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the current and arc path at the initial stage of opening the electrical switch of an embodiment of the present invention. The rotating shaft 2 continues to rotate clockwise, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate counterclockwise about the moving contact system rotation center axis 55, and the moving contact 19 of the moving contact system 12 continues to move away from the static contact system 15. The rotation of the rotating shaft 2 causes the connecting rod 3 5 to move upward in the longitudinal direction, driving the outer shell of the arc contact system 38 to continue to move upward in the longitudinal direction, and the arc contact spring 31 continues to release until the bottom of the arc contact 25 contacts the arc contact outer shell 23. Then, the arc contact 25 moves upward in the longitudinal direction together with the arc contact outer shell 23. At this time, the arc contact 25 is separated from the static arc striking angles 42 on both sides, and an arc is generated between the two, as shown in the figure. This initial arc quickly enters the arc extinguishing chamber 39 under the magnetic blowing action of the arc absorbing structure 41 of the arc extinguishing grid 40. The specific magnetic field direction can be referred to Figure 39Because the arc is generated at the narrow slot structure 51, the left baffle 49 and the right baffle 50 on both sides of the narrow slot structure are made of gas-generating composite materials. Under the action of the high temperature of the arc, they decompose to generate small molecular vapor, which cools the arc. At the same time, the narrow slot structure 51 can limit and compress the diameter of the arc column. The closed structure of the arc contact system 38 prevents gas backflow, prompting the arc and gas to move into the arc extinguishing chamber 39.

[0095] like Figure 39 Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the current and arc path during the mid-opening phase of an electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention. The rotating shaft 2 continues to rotate clockwise, causing the moving contact system 12 to rotate counterclockwise about the moving contact system's central axis 55. The moving contact 19 of the moving contact system 12 continues to move away from the stationary contact system 15. The rotation of the rotating shaft 2 causes the connecting rod 3 5 to move upward longitudinally, driving the entire arcing contact system 38 upward longitudinally. At this point, the arc is accelerated into the arc extinguishing chamber 39 by the combined effects of air and magnetic blowing. The magnetic field is oriented as shown in the figure. Regardless of the current direction, the induced magnetic field Lorentz force on the arc is directed toward the interior of the arc extinguishing chamber 39. The two sides of the arcing contact 25 are close to the U-shaped bends of the moving arc ignition angles 43 on either side. The arc jumps to the moving arc ignition angle 43 and, under the action of its bend structure, stretches upward. As the arc moves into the arc extinguishing chamber 39, the bend of the stationary arc ignition angle 42 stretches the arc downward. As the arc length increases, the number of arc extinguishing grids 40 cutting the arc also increases, gradually improving the arc extinguishing effect of the arc extinguishing chamber 39 on the arc.

[0096] like Figure 40 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the current and arc path at the end of the opening of the electrical switch according to an embodiment of the present invention. At this time, the moving contact system 12 is opened to the limit position, and the arc contact system 38 rises to the limit position. At this time, the two sides of the arc contact 25 are in direct electrical contact with the moving arc-starting angles 43 on both sides or maintain a small distance, so that the arc contact 25 is directly electrically connected to the moving arc-starting angles 43 on both sides or the current is conducted through arc jumping. Under the action of air blowing and magnetic blowing, the arc is elongated under the action of the moving arc-starting angle 43 and the static arc-starting angle 42, and is cut and cooled by the arc extinguishing grid 40 until the arc is extinguished. Due to the use of a double breakpoint structure, single-phase voltage is applied to two groups of contacts in series, and each group of contacts only bears 1 / 2 of the single-pole voltage, reducing contact damage; at the same time, the arc is divided into two parts and is elongated at the same time, entering the two arc extinguishing chambers 39 for deionization, which quickly increases the arc voltage, suppresses short-circuit energy, and improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker. Residual arc and high-temperature gas pass through Figure 32 The airflow movement path shown is to exhaust the arc extinguishing system 11 through the upper exhaust hole 32 on the shell 33 of the arc extinguishing system 11.

[0097] The present invention also provides another embodiment. In this embodiment, the connecting rods are replaced by brake wires. The static arcing angle 42 is moved upward, and the dynamic arcing angle 43 is moved downward. This means that the arcing contact system 38 moves upward to close the circuit and downward to open the circuit. During the opening operation, the rotating shaft 2 drives connecting rod 1 3 clockwise, pulling the brake wire, which drives connecting rod 3 5 longitudinally downward, achieving rapid opening of the arcing contact system 38. During the closing operation, the rotating shaft 2 drives connecting rod 1 3 counterclockwise, releasing the brake wire, and the spring pushes connecting rod 1 3 longitudinally upward, achieving the opening of the arcing contact system 38.

[0098] The present invention completely isolates the arc extinguishing system 11 from the moving contact system 12 and the static contact system 15, so that the arc is generated and extinguished only in the closed arc extinguishing system 11, preventing the arc from damaging the main conductive system of the electrical switch. At the same time, a connecting rod structure is adopted to interlock the arc contact 25 with the moving contact 19, so that the arc is more reliably generated only in the arc extinguishing system, significantly improving the safety, reliability and service life of the electrical switch. Because the arc extinguishing system 11 is connected to the electrical switch body only by screws 22, the screws on the moving connection point 35 and the static connection point 34, and the arc extinguishing system 11 adopts a modular integrated structure, the arc extinguishing system 11 can be easily and directly replaced after multiple disconnections, significantly reducing maintenance time and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0099] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrical switch, comprising a static contact system, a moving contact system, an electrical switch housing, and an arc extinguishing system, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing system comprises: Two static arc striking angles, the two static arc striking angles being electrically connected to the static contact system and the moving contact system respectively; An arc contact system, configured to contact the two static arc striking angles and achieve conduction between the two, and to move away from the two static arc striking angles and achieve disconnection between the two; an arc extinguishing assembly configured to extinguish an arc generated when the two static arc striking angles are connected or disconnected by the arc contact system; a transmission assembly configured to transmit power during closing and opening of the moving contact system to the arcing contact system, so that connection between the arcing contact system and the two static arcing angles takes precedence over connection between the static contact system and the moving contact system, and disconnection between the arcing contact system and the two static arcing angles lags behind disconnection between the static contact system and the moving contact system; the transmission assembly is disposed outside the housing of the electrical switch; the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the moving contact system, the transmission assembly is detachably connected to the arcing contact system, or the transmission assembly itself is detachable into two parts, one part connected to the arcing contact system, and the other part connected to the moving contact system; and The outer shell comprises an arc extinguishing assembly, two static arc striking angles, and an arc contact system arranged in the outer shell; the static contact system and the moving contact system are both connected to the outer shell of the electrical switch, the static contact of the static contact system is arranged in the outer shell of the electrical switch, and the outer shell is detachably plugged into the upper part of the outer shell of the electrical switch; the top of the outer shell of the electrical switch is open, the lower part of the arc extinguishing system is detachably plugged into the outer shell of the electrical switch through the top opening, the upper part of the arc extinguishing system extends from the top opening of the outer shell of the electrical switch to the outside of the outer shell of the electrical switch, the arc contact system is slidably arranged in the outer shell along the vertical direction, a shaft is connected to the arc contact system, the end of the shaft extends from the outer shell, and the moving contact system drives the shaft to move vertically through the transmission assembly and drives the arc contact system to move up and down.

2. The electrical switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc contact system is slidably arranged in the housing, and the arc contact system has two arc contact silver points. Static arc striking silver points are provided on the two static arc striking angles, and the two static arc striking silver points are respectively on the moving trajectories of the two arc contact silver points. Under normal circumstances, the distance between one arc contact silver point and one static arc striking silver point is the same as the distance between the other arc contact silver point and the other static arc striking silver point.

3. The electrical switch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes connecting rod one, connecting rod two and connecting rod three, and the moving contact system has a rotating shaft and a moving contact; the moving contact is installed on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is driven by the operating mechanism to rotate around its own axis and drive the moving contact to and away from the static contact in the static contact system; one end of the connecting rod one is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is detachably hinged to the connecting rod two through a pin shaft, and the hinge is located outside the electrical switch housing, and the connecting rod three is bent at a right angle, and of the two rod structures of the connecting rod three, one is vertically set and the other is horizontally set; the free end of the vertically set rod structure is hinged to the connecting rod two, and the free end of the horizontally set rod structure is hinged to the shaft, and the connecting rod three is vertically slidably connected to the housing and only has the freedom of vertical sliding.

4. The electrical switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving contact system, the static contact system and the arc extinguishing system are each provided with a plurality, one arc extinguishing system corresponds to one moving contact system and one static contact system, and the plurality of moving contact systems share one rotating shaft, and the shaft passes through the plurality of arc extinguishing systems in sequence, and both ends extend from the outer casings of the arc extinguishing systems on both sides, and the plurality of arc extinguishing systems share two transmission assemblies, and one end of each of the two transmission assemblies is connected to both ends of the shaft for transmission.

5. The electrical switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing assembly includes two arc extinguishing chambers, the two static arc-striking silver points are respectively arranged on the arc-entry sides of the two arc extinguishing chambers, the arc contact silver point is always located directly above the static arc-striking silver point, the arc-entry sides of the two arc extinguishing chambers are arranged opposite to each other, there is a gap between the two arc extinguishing chambers, the arc contact system is arranged in the gap, and the shaft passes through the gap; the arc contact system includes an arc contact housing, an arc contact, and an arc contact spring; the arc contact housing is slidably arranged in the housing along the vertical direction, the middle part of the arc contact is slidably arranged in the arc contact housing along the vertical direction, the two ends of the arc contact extend from both sides of the arc contact housing, and the bottom surfaces of the two ends of the arc contact are fixedly provided with arc contact silver points; the arc contact spring is arranged in the arc contact housing above the arc contact, and in the open state, the top of the arc contact spring is against the bottom of the arc contact and is in a normal or compressed state.

6. The electrical switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: An isolation structure is provided on the arc-entry side of the arc-extinguishing assembly, and the isolation structure and the arc contact system jointly isolate the two arc-extinguishing chambers.

7. The electrical switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing chamber includes two arc isolation walls, arc extinguishing grids, a left baffle and a right baffle; the two arc isolation walls are arranged opposite to each other with an interval, the arc extinguishing grids are placed horizontally, and the two sides are riveted to the arc isolation walls on both sides respectively, and a plurality of arc extinguishing grids are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction; the static arc striking angle adopts a multiple-bending structure, the static arc striking silver point is welded on the bending plane at one end, and the bending plane at the other end is located at the lower part of the lowermost arc extinguishing grid and riveted to the arc isolation walls on both sides; a dynamic arc striking angle is further provided in the shell, the dynamic arc striking angle adopts a multiple-bending structure, one end is a V-shaped or U-shaped bending structure, and the other end is located at the upper part of the uppermost arc extinguishing grid and riveted to the arc isolation walls on both sides; when the arc contact system is in the open state, the arc contact is conductive with the V-shaped or U-shaped bending structure.

8. The electrical switch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The arc contact housing is arranged between the two arc extinguishing chambers, the bottom of the arc contact housing is always lower than the static arc striking silver point, and the top is always higher than the lowest part of the dynamic arc striking angle.

9. The electrical switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rod three is slidably connected to the housing and the outside of the electrical switch housing through a bracket fixedly arranged on the housing and / or the outside of the electrical switch housing.

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