A flexible soil covering and compacting device for use in transplanting on a membrane

Abstract

A flexible soil covering and pressing device suitable for film transplanting, comprising a soil collecting module, a soil transporting module, a soil covering module and a soil pressing module arranged in sequence on a frame, the soil transporting module transports the soil collected by the soil collecting module to the soil covering module, the soil covering module covers the soil on both sides of the film, and the soil pressing module presses the soil on both sides of the film; the soil collecting module is provided with two, which are arranged on the outside of the ridge; the soil pressing module is provided with two, which are arranged on both sides of the film, and comprises an air suction pump, an air filling pump, a fixed plate, an air pipe, an air bag, a pressing plate, an air pressure sensor and a controller, the air pressure sensor is connected with the controller to transmit a pressure signal, the controller controls the air suction pump to suck air and the air filling pump to fill air, so that the pressing plate can rotate between a storage position and a compacting position, the device is designed in a striding mode, the soil on both sides of the ridge is collected and attached to both sides of the planted pot seedling, the intelligent pressing improves the effect of soil covering operation, and the seedling pressing and film damage are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a flexible soil covering and pressing device suitable for transplanting on a film. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, ridge transplanting generally adopts the film transplanting method, and after the transplanting operation is completed, the soil covering and pressing operations are carried out. The current method of covering and pressing with a covering wheel is widely used. Although it can effectively compact the soil and enhance the contact between the soil and the seedlings in the pot, the covering wheel is located close to the seedlings during operation, which can easily cause the seedlings to be pressed. Because the film is soft, it is also easy to damage the film when the covering wheel is pressed. In addition, excessive covering and pressing can also cause the ridge soil to be over-compacted, resulting in a reduction in the porosity of the ridge soil, affecting the air permeability and water penetration of the ridge soil, and thus restricting the normal growth and development of the seedlings in the pot. Therefore, designing a flexible covering device with intelligent control is a prerequisite for achieving full automation and intelligence in agricultural production.

[0003] Chinese patent application publication number CN103766054A discloses a soil delivery, soil covering and suppression device after transplanting on a film. It adopts a notched spiral disc fixed to the auger shaft for soil delivery and intermittent soil extraction. However, the efficiency of directly using the spiral disc to take soil from the ground is slow and there may still be large soil clods when directly extracting the soil, which affects the quality of subsequent soil covering and suppression operations. The soil covering device of this patent relies on two fixed triangular soil covering plates to push the two piles of soil formed by the intermittent soil delivery device to the planted seedlings in the pot. Due to the mechanical fixation of the soil covering plates, the consequences of hugging the seedlings and scraping the film will occur. The suppression device of this patent still adopts a suppression wheel, even if it is a notched suppression wheel. Due to the shape and size limitations of the suppression wheel, the pressure distribution on the soil may be uneven, some areas may be over-compacted, while other areas are not compacted enough. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a flexible soil covering and suppression device suitable for transplanting on a film. It adopts a leaping design to collect soil on both sides of the ridge and attach it to both sides of the planted seedlings. It intelligently adjusts the pressure of the flexible suppression module to perform flexible suppression, thereby improving the effect of the soil covering operation, reducing the pressure on the seedlings and damage to the film, and improving the quality of the transplanting operation.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution adopted is: a flexible soil covering and pressing device suitable for transplanting on film, comprising a soil collecting module, a soil moving module, a soil covering module and a pressing module arranged on a frame in sequence according to the process. The soil moving module transports the soil collected by the soil collecting module to the soil covering module, the soil covering module covers the soil on both sides of the ground film, and the pressing module presses the soil on both sides of the ground film;

[0006] There are two soil collecting modules, which are respectively arranged on the outside of the ridge;

[0007] The pressure module is provided with two, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the ground film, including an intake air pump, an inflation air pump, a fixed plate, an air pipe, an air bag, a pressure plate, an air pressure sensor and a controller. The fixed plate is fixed on the frame, and a pressure plate that can rotate up and down with one end as the rotation center is installed under the fixed plate. An installation space for installing the air bag is provided between the fixed plate and the pressure plate, and the air bag is connected to the intake air pump and the inflation air pump through the air pipe. The upper end of the air bag is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, and an air pressure sensor is installed between the lower end of the air bag and the pressure plate. The air pressure sensor is connected to the controller to transmit a pressure signal, and the pressure signal is compared with the intake preset value and the inflation preset value. The controller controls the intake air pump to inhale and the inflation air pump to inflate, so that the pressure plate can rotate between a retracted position and a compaction position. The retracted position is the position of the pressure plate when the deflation pressure of the air bag reaches the inflation preset value, and the compaction position is the position of the pressure plate when the inflation pressure of the air bag reaches the deflation preset value.

[0008] The suppression module of the present invention further comprises a spring and a vibration motor. The spring is fixed between the fixing plate and the suppression plate. The vibration motor is fixed on the suppression plate and operates during the airbag inflation process.

[0009] The pressing plate of the present invention is provided with protrusions imitating root textures below.

[0010] When there are more than one airbags described in the present invention, they are evenly installed between the fixing plate and the suppression plate. The suppression module also includes an air distributor. The suction air pump and the inflation air pump are connected to each airbag through the air distributor and the air pipe.

[0011] The soil collecting module of the present invention comprises a soil collecting shovel assembly driven by a driving module to rotate and shovel soil, and a soil collecting box arranged behind the soil collecting shovel assembly for collecting soil.

[0012] The rear of the soil collecting box of the present invention is connected with a flat ground wheel.

[0013] The soil collecting shovel assembly of the present invention comprises a plurality of soil collecting shovels arranged side by side and rotating coaxially together, and the shovel bodies of adjacent soil collecting shovels are staggered in the same direction.

[0014] The soil collecting shovel assembly of the present invention is installed in a soil retaining shell with openings at the bottom and rear.

[0015] The soil moving module described in the present invention includes a soil suction pipe, a soil suction motor, a volute centrifugal fan, a soil suction box and a soil transport module. The soil suction pipe is connected to the soil suction box. A volute centrifugal fan connected to the soil suction motor is installed on the soil suction box. The connecting pipe of the volute centrifugal fan for transmitting suction is connected to the top of the soil suction box. The bottom of the soil suction box is open. The soil transport module includes a soil transport box, a rotary wheel arranged in the soil transport box and a rotary motor for driving the rotary wheel to rotate horizontally. The upper opening of the soil transport box is sealed with the bottom opening of the soil suction box, and its lower opening serves as the soil outlet of the soil moving module. The rotary wheel is provided with four soil transport grooves according to the direction of rotation. The soil transport groove is in a closed state when it does not overlap with the opening of the soil transport box.

[0016] The present invention provides two soil covering modules, one corresponding to one side of the ground film, which includes a soil covering box, a soil covering motor and a spiral blade shaft. The spiral blade shaft is driven to rotate by the soil covering motor and is arranged in the soil covering box. A soil inlet hole is provided above one end of the soil covering box, which is sealed and docked with the soil outlet of the soil moving module, and a soil covering outlet is provided at the other end, which is aligned with the side of the ground film.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] This device is a flexible soil-covering and compacting device suitable for transplanting on plastic film. It utilizes a soil-collecting module to collect soil and a mobile module to move the collected soil. The soil-covering module evenly applies soil. Finally, the compacting device utilizes airbags and a compacting plate to achieve uniform, flexible compaction, improving the effectiveness of soil-covering operations, reducing seedling crushing and plastic film damage, and enhancing the quality of transplanting. While traditional compacting wheels can effectively compact the soil, their rigid contact often damages crop roots, hindering growth. Furthermore, rigid compaction can damage soil structure, hindering water retention and air permeability. This invention proposes a pneumatic compacting device that uses airbags to generate evenly distributed micro-pressure to compact the soil, avoiding localized over- or undercompaction. The swinging motion of the compacting plate creates a certain impact force, helping to break up soil compaction and hardened layers, improving soil porosity and air permeability. A pressure sensor is installed within the airbag to monitor pressure changes in real time and transmit the data to a controller. The control system automatically adjusts the output pressure of the inflation and deflation air source based on feedback data from the pressure sensor to ensure that the air pressure in the airbag always remains within the set range, and achieves precise control of the soil compaction process. Different preset pressures can be set according to different crops to achieve intelligent effects.

[0019] 2. During the pressing process of the pressing plate, the vibration motor and spring can make the soil particles spread more evenly around the pressing plate, which is conducive to the pressing work.

[0020] 3. There are protrusions with imitation root textures under the pressure plate, which can evenly distribute the pressure and avoid stress concentration and seedling damage.

[0021] 4. The soil collecting module adopts a soil collecting box combined with a soil collecting shovel assembly to collect soil in a storage manner. It is not affected by the height of the outside of the ridge, and the soil can be quickly collected and pre-stored to prevent soil shortage.

[0022] 5. The staggered arrangement of the side-by-side soil collecting shovels in the soil collecting module allows soil to be quickly and continuously scooped up and transferred to the soil collecting box, significantly improving soil collection efficiency. This further enhances the processing capacity of the entire soil collecting module, allowing it to collect more soil in a shorter period of time. The retaining shell in the soil collecting module provides initial soil breakage, facilitating the subsequent operation of the soil moving module and also providing dust prevention.

[0023] 6. The soil-moving module uses air suction to quickly move soil, achieving continuous soil transportation without interruption or waiting, thereby improving work efficiency. Compared with traditional conveyor belts and spiral conveying methods, pneumatic conveying has a faster conveying speed and can transport more soil per unit time. When the soil-moving module is transporting soil, due to the action of airflow, frequent friction and collisions between soil particles and between soil and pipe walls help to break up soil clods. Since the soil-moving module is completely carried out through the pipeline, it does not need to occupy a large amount of ground space. The process of sucking soil in the soil suction box requires the soil suction box to be sealed with the soil transport box, and the soil transport trough and the soil transport box opening are in a closed state when they do not overlap, ensuring that the soil suction box and the soil transport box are not connected to the outside air during the soil rotating process of the soil rotating module. The soil transport module can continuously and evenly transport the soil in the soil suction box to the soil covering module.

[0024] 7. The rotary blade soil-moving module in the soil-covering module uses the rotation of the spiral blade shaft to evenly cover the soil in the designated area, avoiding the uneven distribution and thickness of soil that can occur with traditional soil-covering methods. The rotating blades break up the soil during rotation and further loosen and agitate the already broken soil. This secondary breaking action loosens the soil, facilitating the subsequent growth of the seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side structural diagram of

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the soil collecting module structure of the present invention

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power transmission system of the earth collecting shovel of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A top view of

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil collecting shovel of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of the soil moving module of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the soil suction principle structure of the soil suction box of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filter box of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the soil suction box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic structural diagram of the earth moving module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil transport box of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the soil rotating module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the earth-moving module of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the earth moving module of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 16 This is a schematic structural diagram of the soil covering module of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral blade shaft structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the suppression module of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 19 This is a schematic structural diagram of the airbag inflation and deflation module of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the vibration motor structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressing plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the protrusion structure of the pressure plate;

[0047] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas separator of the present invention;

[0048] Figure: 1, soil moving module, 2, frame, 3, soil covering module, 4, pressing module, 5, soil collecting module 6, land leveling wheel, 7, connecting rod, 8, soil suction pipe through hole, 9, soil collecting box, 10, connecting plate, 11, motor fixing shell, 12, small chain wheel, 13, chain, 14, large chain wheel, 15, soil collecting shovel, 16, soil retaining shell, 17, large bevel gear shaft, 18, soil shoveling shaft, 19, soil shoveling motor, 20, small bevel gear shaft, 21, bevel gear box, 22, shovel body, 23, shovel connecting arm, 24, fixing block, 25, soil shoveling shaft connecting hole, 26, connecting block, 27, soil suction motor, 28, worm type centrifugal fan, 29, connecting pipe, 30, soil suction motor seat, 31, soil suction box top cover, 32, soil suction pipe, 33, soil suction box, 34, soil transporting box, 35, connecting hopper, 36, soil suction nozzle, 37, filter box, 38, air cleaner, 39, pipe connecting hole, 40, cleaner mounting hole 41, soil suction pipe connecting hole, 42, soil leakage through slot, 43, soil rotating module, 44, soil rotating motor, 45, rotating shaft, 46, rotating groove, 47, rotating inner wall, 48, soil rotating motor connecting hole, 49, four-arm connecting frame, 50, four-arm soil rotating block, 51, rotating wheel, 52, rotating wheel connecting rod, 53, rotating shaft connecting hole, 54, rotating wheel rotating groove, 55, shaft connecting hole, 56, rod connecting hole, 57, soil covering motor, 58, soil receiving hole, 59, soil covering box, 60, soil covering opening, 61, soil covering box cover, 62, helical blade shaft, 63, air pump fixing block, 64, inflation air pump, 65, air pipe, 66, air pipe connecting block, 67, air distributor, 68, air bag air intake and exhaust connecting shell, 69, air bag, 70, supporting rod, 71, air suction air pump, 72, fixing plate, 73, spring, 74, vibration motor fixing shell, 75, vibration motor, 76, eccentric block, 77, spring fixing block, 78, pressing plate, 79, air hole, 80, pressing plate rotating rod, 81, air pressure sensor, 82, rotating rod connecting hole, 83, protrusion, 84, air distributor pipe air hole, 85, air distribution hole, 86, air distributor base, 87, mulching film, 88, ridge, 89, soil rotating groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which the preferred embodiments of the application will be described in detail. It should be noted that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the application, and are not used to limit or define the application.

[0050] As Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, a flexible soil covering and suppression device suitable for transplanting on a membrane includes a soil collecting module 5, a soil moving module 1, a soil covering module 3 and a suppression module 4 which are arranged on a frame 2 in sequence according to the process. The soil moving module 1 transports the soil collected by the soil collecting module 5 to the soil covering module 3, the soil covering module 3 covers the soil on both sides of the ground membrane 87, and the suppression module 4 suppresses the soil on both sides of the ground membrane 87. The forward direction of the suppression device is forward, and the ground membrane 87 is laid above the ridge 88. The length direction of the ridge 88 is the front-to-back direction.

[0051] There are two soil collecting modules 5, which are respectively arranged on the outside of the ridge 88 to collect soil from the outside to prevent damage to the ridge and the ground film. According to the existing technical records, any device that can collect soil from the outside of the ridge 88 by scraping, grabbing, shoveling, pushing, etc. can be used.

[0052] In order to achieve a better soil collecting effect, the soil collecting module in the present application includes a soil collecting shovel assembly driven by a driving module to rotate and shovel soil, and a soil collecting box 9 arranged behind the soil collecting shovel assembly for collecting soil.

[0053] like Figure 3-Figure 6As shown in the figure, the soil collecting module includes a leveling wheel 6, a soil collecting box 9, a connecting plate 10, a soil collecting shovel 15, a soil retaining shell 16, and a soil scraping motor 19. The leveling wheel 6 is connected to the soil collecting box 9 via a connecting rod, and the soil collecting box 9 is fixedly connected to the soil retaining shell 16 via the connecting plate 10. The soil retaining shell 16 is connected to the frame 2. The soil collecting shovel assembly is installed in the soil retaining shell 16 via the soil scraping shaft 18. The soil retaining shell 16 serves as a fixed support for the various components and can also provide a certain soil retaining and dustproof effect. The soil collecting shovel assembly includes multiple soil collecting shovels 15 that rotate coaxially side by side. The shovel bodies of adjacent soil collecting shovels 15 are arranged in a staggered manner in the same direction. This installation method can improve soil scraping efficiency. For example, three soil collecting shovels 15 are installed at a certain distance in the axial direction along the entire soil scraping shaft 18. The three soil collecting shovels 15 are installed with the outermost soil collecting shovel 15 as a reference, and each subsequent soil collecting shovel is installed at an installation angle of 60 degrees. The scraping motor 19, serving as a drive module, is fixed to the retaining housing 16 via the motor mounting housing 11. The drive connection between the scraping motor 19 and the collecting shovel assembly can employ various conventional drive connection structures. For example, the extended portion of the scraping motor 19 is connected to the axle portion of a small bevel gear shaft 20. The bevel gear portion of the small bevel gear shaft 20 engages the bevel gear portion of the large bevel gear shaft 17 via a bevel gear box 21. The bevel gear box 21 is fixed to the retaining housing 16. A small sprocket 12 is fixed to the end of the large bevel gear shaft 17. The small sprocket 12 forms a chain drive module with the large sprocket 14 via a chain 13. The large sprocket 14 is fixed to the end of the scraping shaft 18. During operation, the scraping motor 19 first transmits rotational power through the bevel gears, and then through the chain drive to the scraping shaft 18. Rotation of the scraping shaft 18 drives the three collecting shovels 15 to perform the scraping operation. The soil collecting shovel includes a shovel body 22, a shovel connecting arm 23, a fixing block 24, and a connecting block 26. Taking three shovel bodies 22 as an example, the three shovel bodies are respectively connected to one end of a shovel connecting arm 23 through a connecting block 26, and the other ends of the three shovel connecting arms 23 are fixed together through a fixing block 24. A shovel shaft connecting hole 25 for being sleeved on the shovel shaft 18 is provided at the center of the connection.

[0054] The soil collection module operates as follows: First, the scraping motor 19 rotates, driving the small bevel gear clockwise. This, in turn, drives the large bevel gear clockwise. The large bevel gear then drives the small sprocket 12 clockwise. The small sprocket 12, via the chain 13, drives the large sprocket 14 clockwise. The large sprocket 14 drives the scraping shaft 18 clockwise, causing the three collecting shovels 15 to rotate clockwise, shoveling the soil. Due to inertia and the resistance of the retaining shell 16, most of the soil scooped falls into the soil collection box 9. The ground leveling wheels 6 then roll and level the ground left by the collecting shovels 15.

[0055] The soil moving module 1 can use screw conveying, conveyor belt conveying, etc. to collect and transport the soil of the soil collecting module.

[0056] In order to further improve the conveying effect, the soil moving module 1 described in the present application adopts the form of suction to collect soil and transport, which includes a soil suction pipe 32, a soil suction motor 27, a volute centrifugal fan 28, a soil suction box 33 and a soil transport module. The soil suction pipe 32 is connected to the soil suction box 33, and the end of the soil suction pipe 32 not connected to the soil suction box 33 is aligned with the position after the soil collecting module 5 collects the soil for sucking the collected soil. A volute centrifugal fan 28 connected to the soil suction motor 27 is installed on the soil suction box 33. The connecting pipe 29 of the volute centrifugal fan 28 for transmitting suction is connected to the top of the soil suction box 33, and the bottom of the soil suction box 33 is open. The soil transport module includes a soil transport box 33, a soil rotating module 43 arranged in the soil transport box 33 and a soil rotating motor 44 for driving the soil rotating module 43 to rotate horizontally. The upper opening of the soil transport box 33 is sealed with the bottom opening of the soil suction box 33, and its lower opening serves as the discharge port of the soil moving module 1. The soil rotating module 43 is provided with four soil transport grooves 89 according to the rotation direction. The soil transport grooves 89 are in a closed state when they do not coincide with the openings of the soil transport box 33. The soil rotating module 43 transports the soil in the soil transport grooves by rotating during the rotation process. During the rotation process, it is also ensured that the connection position between the soil transport box and the soil suction box is not connected to the external air.

[0057] like Figure 7-Figure 15 As shown, the soil moving module 1 has a more specific structure including a soil suction nozzle 36, a soil suction pipe 32, a soil suction motor 27, a volute centrifugal fan 28, a connecting pipe 29, a soil suction box 33, a filter box 37, a soil transport box 34, a soil rotating motor 44, and a connecting funnel 35. The soil suction nozzle 36 is fixedly connected to the soil suction pipe 32, and the soil suction pipe 32 is fixedly matched with the soil suction pipe through hole 8 on the soil collection box 9, so that the soil suction nozzle 36 can suck in soil shoveled into the soil collection box 9. The other end of the soil suction pipe 32 passes through the soil suction pipe connecting hole 41 on the soil suction box 33, and the soil suction motor 27 is fixedly mounted on the soil suction box top cover 31 through the soil suction motor base 30. The output end of the soil suction motor 27 is connected to the volute centrifugal fan 28, and the air inlet of the volute centrifugal fan 28 passes through the soil suction box top cover through the connecting pipe 29. The entry portion of the connecting pipe 29 is connected to the pipe connecting hole on the filter box 37. The upper end of the filter box 37 is a plane fixedly connected to the soil suction box top cover 32. The pipe connecting hole 39 is provided at the upper end of the filter box 37 for inserting the connecting pipe 29. There is a mezzanine with two filter mounting holes 40 in the middle of the filter box 37 for installing two air filters 38 to prevent soil from entering the volute centrifugal fan 28. The soil inlet at the upper end of the soil transport box 34 is fixedly connected to the soil leakage channel 42 below the soil suction box 33. A soil rotation module 43 is installed inside the soil transport box 34, and the soil rotation module 43 is driven by a soil rotation motor 44. The upper end of the connecting funnel 35 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the soil transport box 34.

[0058] The soil transport box 34 is internally provided with a rotating shaft 45, a rotating groove 46, a rotating inner wall 47, and a soil rotating module 43. The soil rotating module 43 includes a four-arm connecting frame 49, a four-arm soil rotating block 50, and a rotating wheel 51. The rotating shaft 45 in the soil transport box 34 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft connecting hole 53 on the four-arm connecting frame 49 and the shaft connecting hole 55 on the four-arm soil rotating block 50. The four-arm connecting frame 49 is fixedly connected to the four arms corresponding to the size of the four-arm soil rotating block 50. The rod connecting hole 56 in the rotating wheel 51 is matched with the rotating wheel connecting rod 52 on the four-arm connecting frame 49, so that the rotating wheel 51 can rotate in the rotating groove 46 on the four-arm soil rotating block 50. When the soil-moving box 34 rotates, the rotation radius of the two ends of the four-arm connecting frame 49 is slightly larger than the rotation radius of the four-arm soil-moving block 50 plus the rotating wheel 51. Therefore, when the soil-moving box 34 rotates, the two rotating grooves 46 in the soil-moving box 34 cooperate with the two ends of the four-arm connecting frame 49, and the rotating inner wall 47 in the soil-moving box 34 cooperates with the rotating wheel 51. The working principle of the soil-moving module 43 and the soil-moving box 34 is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, since the soil suction process in the soil suction box 33 requires the soil suction box 33 to be sealed with the soil transport box 34, when the soil rotating module 43 rotates in the soil transport box 34, there are always at least two rotating arms cooperating with the inner wall of the soil transport box 34 to ensure that the soil suction box 33 and the soil transport box 34 are not connected to the outside air during the soil rotating process of the soil rotating module 43.

[0059] The soil moving module operates as follows: First, the soil suction motor 27 starts, driving the volute centrifugal fan 28 to draw air into the soil suction box 33 through the connecting pipe 29. The soil suction nozzle 36 connected to the soil suction pipe 32 draws soil collected in the soil collection box 9 into the soil suction box 33. In the soil suction box 33, due to the influence of gravity, the larger soil particles fall to the bottom of the soil suction box 33. The soil rotation motor 44 starts, driving the soil rotation module 43 to rotate, transporting the soil in the soil suction box 33 downward through the soil transport box 34 to the connecting funnel 35 for excavation into the soil covering module 3.

[0060] like Figure 16 、 Figure 17 As shown, the soil covering module 3 includes a soil covering motor 57, a soil receiving hole 58, a soil covering box 59, a soil covering opening 60, a soil covering box cover 61, and a spiral blade shaft 62. The soil covering motor 57 is mounted on the soil covering box cover 61 at the end closest to the soil receiving hole 58. The soil covering motor 57 is fixedly connected to the spiral blade shaft 62, driving the spiral blade shaft 62 to rotate and transfer soil from one end to the other. The soil receiving hole 58 is fixedly connected to the soil discharge opening of the soil transfer module (connected to the lower end of the funnel 35). The soil covering opening 60 is located below the end of the soil covering box 59 opposite the soil receiving hole 58. The soil covering opening 60 is located on one side of the ground film 87 and its corresponding position can be adjusted according to the width of the ground film.

[0061] The working process of the covering module: when the covering box 59 enters the soil through the soil hole 58, the covering motor 57 starts to work, driving the spiral blade shaft 62 to start rotating, and the soil in the covering box 59 is transported to the position of the covering hole 60 under the driving of the spiral blade, and the soil can fall on the film from the covering hole 60 to complete the covering work.

[0062] To achieve uniform covering and not damage the mulch film, the covering and compacting are realized by beating, as shown in the figure. Figures 18-23 As shown, the compacting module 4 is provided with two, corresponding to the two sides of the mulch film, which includes a suction air pump 71, an inflation air pump 64, a fixed plate 72, an air pipe 65, an air bag 69, a compacting plate 78, an air pressure sensor 81 and a controller, the fixed plate 72 is fixed on the rack 2, the compacting plate 78 which can rotate up and down with one end as the rotation center is installed below the fixed plate 72, the fixed plate 72 and the compacting plate 78 are provided with a mounting space for mounting the air bag 69, the number of air bags 69 is not limited, the air bag 69 is connected with the suction air pump 71 and the inflation air pump 64 through the air pipe 65, the upper end of the air bag 69 is fixedly connected with the fixed plate 72, the air pressure sensor 81 is installed between the lower end of the air bag 69 and the compacting plate 78, the air pressure sensor 81 detects the air bag pressure through the length deformation of the air bag, the air pressure sensor 81 is connected with the controller to transmit the pressure signal, the pressure signal is compared with the suction preset value and the inflation preset value, the controller controls the suction of the suction air pump 71 and the inflation of the inflation air pump 64 to change the length of the air bag, so that the compacting plate 78 can rotate between a retracted position and a compacting position, and the connection of the controller is omitted in the figure. The retracted position is the position of the compacting plate 78 when the air bag 69 deflates to the inflation preset value, that is, when the deflation pressure decreases to the inflation preset value, the retracted limit position is reached to stop deflation and start inflation, and the compacting position is the position of the compacting plate 78 when the air bag 69 inflates to the deflation preset value, that is, when the inflation pressure increases to the deflation preset value, the lower limit position is reached to stop inflation and start deflation.

[0063] The more detailed structure of the suppression module 4 is as follows: it includes an inflation pump 64, an intake pump 71, an air pipe 65, an airbag 69, an airbag intake and exhaust connection shell 68, a fixing plate 72, a spring 73, a vibration motor 75, an eccentric block 76, an air pressure sensor 81, a suppression plate 78, an air separator 67, etc. The inflation pump 64 and the intake pump 71 are fixed to the fixing plate 72 via the air pump fixing block 63. The fixing plate 72 is provided with two support rods 70, and a suppression plate rotating rod 80 is provided between the two support rods 70. The suppression plate 78 is connected to the suppression plate rotating rod 80 between the support rods 70 through the rotating rod connecting hole 82, so that the suppression plate 78 can rotate with the suppression plate rotating rod 80 as the rotation center. One end of the airbag 69 is directly fixedly connected to the suppression plate 78. In the figure, there are three airbags 69 in total in the suppression module. There are three corresponding air pressure sensors 81 at the locations where the three airbags 69 are connected to the suppression plate 78. The airbag 69 completely wraps up the air pressure sensor 81 at one end connected to the suppression plate 78. The other end of the airbag 69 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 72 through the airbag intake and exhaust connecting shell 68. There are air holes in the airbag intake and exhaust connecting shell 68 for inflating and deflating the airbag 69. The air separator 67 is fixed to the fixed plate 72 through the air separator base 86, and the three air holes are respectively connected to the air holes on the airbag intake and exhaust connecting shell 68 through the air pipe 65. The two air pipes 65 extending from the inflation air pump 64 and the suction air pump 71 are connected to the air separator pipe air holes 84 on the air separator 67 through the air pipe connecting block.

[0064] In order to further enable the soil particles to be spread more evenly around the pressing plate, the vibration motor 75 is fixed to the pressing plate 78 through the vibration motor 75 fixing shell. The protruding part of the vibration motor 75 is connected to an eccentric block 76. When the vibration motor 75 is working, it drives the eccentric block to rotate and causes the pressing plate 78 to vibrate. The upper and lower ends of the spring 73 are respectively fixed on the spring fixing blocks on the fixed plate 72 and the pressing plate 78. The role of the spring 73 is to act as a buffer during vibration to reduce the impact of vibration on the fixed plate 72. The lower end surface of the pressing plate 78 has a root-like flexible protrusion 83, which is made of wear-resistant rubber, so that the pressing pressure of the pressing plate 78 is more uniform, and the pressing pressure is more uniform, preventing the occurrence of excessive pressure at individual points that may damage the roots and membranes.

[0065] The suppression module operates as follows: First, the suction pump 71 activates, controlling the contraction of the airbag 69. The suppression plate 78 rotates about the suppression plate rotating rod 80 on the fixed plate 72, lifting upward. When the average pressure signal monitored by the three air pressure sensors 81 reaches the preset inflation value, the air pressure sensor 81 sends a signal, the suction pump 71 stops, and the inflation pump 64 begins. Simultaneously, the vibration motor 75 activates, rotating the eccentric weight 76 and vibrating the suppression plate. The vibration during the suppression process facilitates the spreading of previously laid soil. The airbag 69 suppresses, and the flexible root-simulating protrusions 83 on the suppression plate 78 provide a flexible suppression function, simulating the shear force between plant roots and soil. When the average pressure signal monitored by the three air pressure sensors 81 reaches the preset deflation value, the air pressure sensor 81 sends a signal, stopping the inflation pump 64 and the vibration motor 75. The suction pump 71 then begins the next round of suppression.

[0066] These are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit or restrict the present invention. Researchers or technicians in this field will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible soil covering and suppressing device suitable for transplanting on a membrane, comprising a soil collecting module (5), a soil moving module (1), a soil covering module (3) and a suppressing module (4) which are sequentially arranged on a frame (2) according to a process, wherein the soil moving module (1) transports the soil collected by the soil collecting module (5) to the soil covering module (3), the soil covering module (3) covers the soil on both sides of the ground membrane (87), and the suppressing module (4) suppresses the soil on both sides of the ground membrane (87), characterized in that: There are two soil collecting modules (5), which are respectively arranged on the outside of the ridge (88); The suppression module (4) is provided with two, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the ground film, and include an air suction pump (71), an air inflation pump (64), a fixed plate (72), an air pipe (65), an air bag (69), a suppression plate (78), an air pressure sensor (81) and a controller. The fixed plate (72) is fixed on the frame (2). A suppression plate (78) capable of rotating up and down with one end as the rotation center is installed below the fixed plate (72). An installation space for installing the air bag (69) is provided between the fixed plate (72) and the suppression plate (78). The air bag (69) is connected to the air suction pump (71) and the air inflation pump (64) through the air pipe (65). The upper end is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (72), and an air pressure sensor (81) is installed between the lower end of the air bag (69) and the pressure plate (78). The air pressure sensor (81) is connected to the controller to transmit a pressure signal, and the pressure signal is compared with the suction preset value and the inflation preset value. The controller controls the suction pump (71) to inhale and the inflation pump (64) to inflate, so that the pressure plate (78) can rotate between a stowed position and a compacting position. The stowed position is the position of the pressure plate (78) when the deflation pressure of the air bag (69) reaches the inflation preset value, and the compacting position is the position of the pressure plate (78) when the inflation pressure of the air bag (69) reaches the deflation preset value.

2. A flexible soil covering and suppression device suitable for transplanting on a membrane as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The suppression module (4) further comprises a spring (73) and a vibration motor (75), wherein the spring (73) is fixed between the fixing plate (72) and the suppression plate (78), and the vibration motor (75) is fixed on the suppression plate (78) and operates during the inflation process of the airbag (69).

3. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protrusion (83) imitating a root texture is provided below the pressing plate (78).

4. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: When there are more than one airbag (69), they are evenly installed between the fixing plate (72) and the suppression plate (78). The suppression module (4) further includes an air distributor (67). The suction air pump (71) and the inflation air pump (64) are connected to each airbag (69) through the air distributor (67) and the air pipe (65).

5. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil collecting module (5) comprises a soil collecting shovel assembly driven by a driving module to rotate and shovel soil, and a soil collecting box (9) arranged behind the soil collecting shovel assembly for collecting soil.

6. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear of the soil collecting box (9) is connected with a flat wheel (6).

7. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil collecting shovel assembly comprises a plurality of soil collecting shovels (15) arranged side by side and coaxially rotating together, and the shovel bodies of adjacent soil collecting shovels (15) are staggeredly arranged in the same direction.

8. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The soil collecting shovel assembly is installed in a retaining shell (16) with openings at the bottom and rear.

9. The flexible soil covering and suppression device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil moving module (1) comprises a soil suction pipe (32), a soil suction motor (27), a volute centrifugal fan (28), a soil suction box (33) and a soil transport module. The soil suction pipe (32) is connected to the soil suction box (33). A volute centrifugal fan (28) connected to the soil suction motor (27) is installed on the soil suction box (33). The connecting pipe (29) of the volute centrifugal fan (28) for transmitting suction is connected to the top of the soil suction box (33). The bottom of the soil suction box (33) is open. The soil module comprises a soil transport box (34), a soil rotating module (43) arranged in the soil transport box (34), and a soil rotating motor (44) for driving the soil rotating module (43) to rotate horizontally. The upper opening of the soil transport box (34) is sealed with the bottom opening of the soil suction box (33), and the lower opening serves as the soil discharge port of the soil moving module (1). The soil rotating module (43) is provided with four soil transport grooves (89) according to the rotation direction. When the soil transport grooves (89) do not overlap with the opening of the soil transport box (34), they are in a sealed state.

10. The flexible soil covering and pressing device for transplanting on membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil covering module (3) is provided with two, which are respectively provided on one side of the ground film (87), and include a soil covering box (59), a soil covering motor (57) and a spiral blade shaft (62). The spiral blade shaft (62) is driven to rotate by the soil covering motor (57) and is provided in the soil covering box (59). A soil receiving hole (58) is provided above one end of the soil covering box (59) and is sealed with the soil outlet of the soil moving module (1). The other end is provided with a soil covering opening (60) aligned with the side of the ground film (87).

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