Preparation device of coal gangue soil conditioner and preparation method of conditioner

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation device and method of a coal gangue soil conditioner, relates to the field of tailing utilization of solid waste utilization, and comprises a supporting assembly, the supporting assembly comprises an operation table, a wind screen assembly is arranged on the top of the operation table, and a mixing assembly and a fermentation assembly are arranged on the outer side of the operation table; when the application is used, a driving motor is started, the output shaft of the driving motor is rotated, the double-shaft gear is engaged to drive the driven gear ring to rotate, the coal gangue raw materials in the ball mill barrel are continuously rotated to be ground into powder, the ground coal gangue is discharged from the feeding port and then conveyed into the inside of the wind screen chamber, the coal gangue powder is conveyed downwards along the inclined discharging slide plate to the area close to the feeding pipeline, an air blower is started, the airflow generated by the air blower blows the coal powder particles forward, the coal powder particles pass through the screen and enter the inside of the feeding pipeline, and the remaining materials can be taken out by opening the sealing plate, so that separation is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tailings utilization technology for solid waste utilization, specifically to a preparation device and method for a coal gangue soil conditioner. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue is a type of solid tailings from coal mines, a solid waste generated during coal mining and refining. The composition of coal gangue varies from region to region, but its main components are silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, iron oxide, calcium oxide, and small amounts of magnesium oxide and titanium dioxide. Coal gangue contains 20%-30% carbon. Humans have used coal as fuel for a long time, especially after the industrial age, when coal became the primary source of energy. As a result, coal gangue has accumulated in large quantities in coal-producing areas, amounting to billions of tons. With the rise of coal chemical industry, coal mining has continued to increase, resulting in tens of millions of tons of coal gangue being produced annually. The presence of coal gangue not only occupies land but can also spontaneously combust, producing large amounts of harmful gases and potentially causing fires. In some areas with accumulated coal gangue, landslides and water pollution can occur, causing serious damage to the environment and ecosystem.

[0003] With the development of industrialization, society's demands for optimizing the ecological environment for human survival have become more urgent. Ecological environment improvement plans have been proposed, and various policies have been formulated, outlining corresponding ecological environment red lines. The treatment of coal gangue has become an important issue of concern to science, enterprises, and all sectors of society, urgently requiring solutions for ecological environment improvement. Currently, coal gangue is mainly used as a lightweight aggregate for cement and concrete production, and as building material for refractory bricks or permeable paving bricks. Depending on its composition, coal gangue is also used to produce crystalline aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, alumina, sodium silicate, silica, and high-purity silicon dioxide. Useful metal elements can be extracted from coal gangue, and it is even used to generate electricity by combining coal and coal gangue.

[0004] In existing technologies, the combined use of coal and coal gangue for power generation generates a large amount of fly ash, which exacerbates the environmental and ecological damage caused by secondary solid waste. The production of building materials involves large quantities of coal gangue, and the non-overlapping locations of coal-producing areas and building material usage sites result in excessively high costs for development and utilization enterprises, leading to consistently low utilization rates. Chemical treatment methods are also problematic because coal gangue contains more than three components, involves numerous processes, requires large quantities of chemical raw materials, and increases purification costs. Furthermore, the distance between coal production areas and chemical raw material production sites creates high transportation safety requirements, making it difficult to reduce costs. Consequently, enterprises are unwilling to engage in the chemical treatment of coal gangue. Therefore, there is a need to research and develop new technologies that can effectively utilize large quantities of coal gangue without causing secondary ecological and environmental damage, while also achieving low comprehensive utilization costs.

[0005] Therefore, we propose a preparation device and method for a coal gangue soil conditioner to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a preparation apparatus and method for a coal gangue soil conditioner, in order to solve the problem of secondary ecological and environmental damage caused by the large-scale production of coal gangue as mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a preparation device for coal gangue soil conditioner, comprising a support assembly, the support assembly including an operating platform, a wind screen assembly disposed on the top of the operating platform, a mixing assembly and a fermentation assembly disposed on the outer side of the operating platform, the mixing assembly including a mixing tank, the top of the mixing tank being fixedly connected to a feeding port, the top of the feeding port being fitted with a sealing cover, a servo motor being disposed on the top of the mixing tank via a mounting plate, the output shaft of the servo motor being fixedly connected to an I-beam shaft, the I-beam shaft being rotatably embedded in the top of the mixing tank, a rotating rod being fixedly connected to the bottom of the I-beam shaft, and multiple stirring blades being fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod; the fermentation assembly including a fermentation tank, the fermentation tank being used to ferment the mixed materials, a constant temperature heating belt being disposed on the outside of the fermentation tank, the constant temperature heating belt being used to maintain a constant temperature inside the fermentation tank, a discharge pipe being fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fermentation tank near the bottom, the discharge pipe being used to discharge the fermented materials.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the operating table is fixedly connected to support columns near the four corners, and two connecting rods are fixedly connected between two of the support columns, with reinforcing blocks fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two connecting rods.

[0009] Preferably, a crushing assembly is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table. The crushing assembly includes two fixed frames, and a ball mill barrel is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two fixed frames via a bearing. A material inlet is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the ball mill barrel, and a driven toothed ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the ball mill barrel.

[0010] Preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table, and two support frames are fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support frame. A dual-axis gear is rotatably connected between the two support frames. A drive motor is provided on the other side of the top of the support frame. The output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to one end of the dual-axis gear, and the outer surface of the dual-axis gear meshes with the outer surface of the driven gear ring.

[0011] Preferably, the air screen assembly includes an air screen chamber, the top of the air screen chamber is provided with a feed inlet, the front surface of the air screen chamber is provided with a sealing plate, and a screen is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the air screen chamber.

[0012] Preferably, a fan is installed on the top of the operating table, the output port of the fan extends into the interior of the air screening chamber, and a material feeding slide is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air screening chamber.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the mixing tank is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, the top of the discharge pipe is connected to the top inlet of the fermentation tank through a flange, a valve is provided on the outer surface of the discharge pipe, and the top of the mixing tank is fixedly connected to a feed pipe, one end of which is fixedly inserted into the air screen chamber near the screen.

[0014] A method for preparing a coal gangue soil conditioner includes the following steps:

[0015] The first step is to crush the coal gangue to 100 mesh.

[0016] The second step is to separate coal powder using an air sieve.

[0017] The third step is to mix the coal gangue powder obtained in the second step, solid urban organic waste, and the excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck in a ratio of 50:20:30.

[0018] Step 4: Mix thoroughly and pile up.

[0019] Fifth, cover and maintain the temperature between 40℃ and 55℃;

[0020] Step six: Maintain the temperature from step five for fermentation for 30-40 days;

[0021] The seventh step involves removing larger solids such as undigested plastics, ceramics, cement, bricks, and metal fragments from the product fermented in the sixth step, and then granulating the bulk product to obtain a high-quality soil conditioner.

[0022] Preferably, the temperature-maintaining covering mentioned in step five is to ensure that the process of microbial fermentation and decomposition of municipal solid waste, the decomposition of odors in sewage, and the release of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as the decomposition of metal elements in coal gangue, is carried out effectively. If the temperature is too low (below 40°C), the fermentation will be slow and take too long; if the temperature is above 55°C, the decomposition will be too fast, and methane and nitrogen will be produced at the same time.

[0023] Preferably, the number of days to maintain fermentation mentioned in step six is ​​the effective time for full fermentation.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. During use, the drive motor is started, causing its output shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the double-shaft gear to mesh and rotate the driven gear ring. The continuous rotation of the ball mill barrel grinds the coal gangue raw material inside into powder. The ground coal gangue is discharged from the feed port and then transported to the inside of the air screen chamber. The crushed coal gangue is conveyed downward along the inclined feed slide to the area near the feed pipe. By starting the blower, the airflow generated will blow the coal powder forward, through the screen and into the inside of the feed pipe. The remaining material can be taken out by opening the sealing plate, thus achieving separation. The separated coal powder enters the inside of the mixing tank, and solid urban organic waste and excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck are added from the feed port, and then the sealing cover is closed.

[0026] 2. During use, close the valve and start the servo motor to drive the I-beam shaft and rotating rod to rotate. During rotation, the stirring blades continuously stir and mix the coal gangue powder, solid urban organic waste, and excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck. After mixing, open the valve to keep the discharge pipe unobstructed. During the continued mixing process, the mixed materials will enter the interior of the fermentation tank through the discharge pipe. By energizing the constant temperature heating belt, the temperature is maintained at 40℃-55℃. After the material discharge is completed, close the valve and separate the discharge pipe from the fermentation tank. After separation, seal the fermentation tank so that the materials inside the fermentation tank ferment under constant temperature regulation. After fermentation, the materials are discharged through the discharge pipe. This method can digest a large amount of coal gangue without causing secondary ecological damage.

[0027] 3. When using this product, the coal gangue should be ground into 100-mesh powder. This facilitates the separation of coal particles by air sieving, the absorption of moisture from the sewage by the vacuum truck, and the release of metal ions from the coal gangue during fermentation. The second step, separating the coal particles from the coal gangue by sieving, makes fuller use of the usable materials in the coal gangue. The third step utilizes the coal gangue powder to absorb moisture from the sewage by the vacuum truck, forming a mixture with suitable humidity. The fourth step ensures full contact between the raw materials, promoting the release of effective substances. The fifth step ensures that the microbial fermentation and decomposition of urban solid waste, the release of odors from sewage, and the decomposition of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, along with the effective decomposition of metal elements in the coal gangue, are carried out effectively. However, this process consumes beneficial substances and produces gases that damage the ecological environment. The sixth step ensures sufficient fermentation time. The seventh step ensures that the soil conditioner does not contain plastics, ceramic fragments, cement and brick fragments, metals, or other substances that are difficult to degrade and affect soil quality in future soil improvement applications.

[0028] 4. During use, soil conditioner is produced from coal gangue under normal conditions, and all coal gangue is utilized. There is no wastewater or waste residue discharge, which is beneficial to environmental protection. It is a new method of producing soil conditioner using coal gangue as raw material, urban organic solid waste as organic source, and human excrement in septic tanks as nutrient source, under the action of natural microbial fermentation. It solves the problems left over from the coal production process, increases the amount of coal gangue that can be processed, dissolves urban domestic waste, and completes the harmless treatment of human excrement in septic tanks. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front perspective perspective view of a preparation apparatus for a coal gangue soil conditioner according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a bottom perspective view of a preparation apparatus for a coal gangue soil conditioner according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a side perspective view of a preparation apparatus for a coal gangue soil conditioner according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional perspective view of the mixing component of a coal gangue soil conditioner preparation device according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a partial sectional perspective view of the air sieve component of a coal gangue soil conditioner preparation device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional view of the air sieve component of a coal gangue soil conditioner preparation device according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a side perspective view of a crushing component in a method for preparing a coal gangue soil conditioner according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a top perspective view of the crushing component of a method for preparing a coal gangue soil conditioner according to the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Support assembly; 101. Operating table; 102. Support column; 103. Connecting rod; 104. Reinforcing block; 2. Crushing assembly; 201. Fixing frame; 202. Ball mill barrel; 203. Feed inlet; 204. Driven gear ring; 205. Double-shaft gear; 206. Support frame; 207. Support bracket; 208. Drive motor; 3. Mixing assembly; 301. Mixing tank; 302. Feed inlet; 303. Sealing... 304. Closed lid; 305. Servo motor; 306. I-beam shaft; 307. Rotating rod; 308. Stirring blade; 309. Feed pipe; 400. Fermentation components; 401. Fermentation tank; 402. Constant temperature heating belt; 403. Discharge pipe; 501. Air screen assembly; 502. Air screen chamber; 503. Screen; 504. Sealing plate; 505. Fan; 506. Discharge slide plate; 6. Discharge pipe; 7. Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8 This invention provides a technical solution: a preparation device for coal gangue soil conditioner, comprising a support assembly 1, the support assembly 1 including an operating table 101, an air screen assembly 5 disposed on the top of the operating table 101, a mixing assembly 3 and a fermentation assembly 4 disposed on the outer side of the operating table 101, the mixing assembly 3 including a mixing tank 301, the top of the mixing tank 301 being fixedly connected to a feeding port 302, the top of the feeding port 302 being fitted with a sealing cover 303, the top of the mixing tank 301 being mounted on a mounting plate with a servo motor 304, the output shaft of the servo motor 304 being fixedly connected to an I-beam shaft. 305, an I-beam shaft 305 is rotatably embedded in the top of the mixing tank 301, and a rotating rod 306 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the I-beam shaft 305. Multiple stirring blades 307 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating rod 306. The fermentation component 4 includes a fermentation tank 401, which is used to ferment the mixed materials. A constant temperature heating belt 402 is provided on the outside of the fermentation tank 401, which is used to keep the internal temperature of the fermentation tank 401 constant. A discharge pipe 403 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fermentation tank 401 near the bottom, which is used to discharge the fermented materials.

[0041] Support columns 102 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the operating table 101 near the four corners. Two connecting rods 103 are fixedly connected between two opposing support columns 102. Reinforcing blocks 104 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two connecting rods 103. A crushing assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table 101. The crushing assembly 2 includes two fixed frames 201. A ball mill 202 is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two fixed frames 201 via bearings. A feed inlet 203 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the ball mill 202. A driven gear ring 204 is fixedly fitted onto the outer surface of the ball mill 202. A support frame 207 is fixedly connected to the top of the operating table 101. Two support frames 206 are fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support frame 207. A double-shaft gear 205 is rotatably connected between the opposing two support frames 206. A drive motor 208 is installed on the other side of the top of the support frame 207. The output shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the double-shaft gear 205. The outer surface of the double-shaft gear 205 meshes with the outer surface of the driven gear ring 204. The air screen assembly 5 includes an air screen chamber 501. The top of the air screen chamber 501 is provided with a feed inlet 504. The front surface of the air screen chamber 501 is provided with a sealing plate 503. A screen 502 is fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the air screen chamber 501. A blower 505 is provided on the top of the operating table 101. The output port of the blower 505 extends into the interior of the air screen chamber 501. A discharge slide plate 506 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air screen chamber 501. A discharge pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mixing tank 301. The top of the discharge pipe 6 is connected to the top inlet of the fermentation tank 401 through a flange. A valve 7 is provided on the outer surface of the discharge pipe 6. A feed pipe 308 is fixedly connected to the top of the mixing tank 301. One end of the feed pipe 308 is fixedly extended into the interior of the air screen chamber 501 on the side near the screen 502.

[0042] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In use, coal gangue raw material is first fed into the ball mill 202 through the feed inlet 203. Then, the feed inlet 203 is covered. By starting the drive motor 208, its output shaft rotates, thereby driving the double-shaft gear 205 to rotate. The double-shaft gear 205 has shafts fixed at the center on both sides, and the two shafts rotate inside the two support frames 206. When the double-shaft gear 205 rotates, it meshes and drives the driven gear ring 204 to rotate. The ball mill 202... The continuous rotation of the blower 502 grinds the coal gangue raw material inside into powder. After the ground coal gangue is discharged from the feed port 203, it is then transported to the inside of the air screen chamber 501. The crushed coal gangue is conveyed downwards along the inclined feed slide plate 506 to the area near the feed pipe 308. By starting the blower 505, the airflow generated will blow the coal powder forward, through the screen 502, and into the inside of the feed pipe 308. The remaining material can be taken out by opening the closing plate 503, thus achieving separation. The separated coal powder then enters the air screen chamber 501. The solid urban organic waste and the excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck are added into the mixing tank 301 through the feed port 302. Then, the sealing cover 303 is closed, and valve 7 is shut off. The servo motor 304 is started, causing its output shaft to drive the I-beam shaft 305 and the rotating rod 306 to rotate. During rotation, the mixing blades 307 continuously stir and mix the coal gangue powder, solid urban organic waste, and the excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck. After mixing, valve 7 is opened to keep the discharge pipe 6 unobstructed. Then, mixing continues... During the mixing process, the mixed materials enter the fermentation tank 401 through the feeding pipe 6. By energizing the constant temperature heating belt 402, the temperature is maintained at 40℃-55℃. After the feeding is completed, the valve 7 is closed to separate the feeding pipe 6 from the fermentation tank 401. After separation, the fermentation tank 401 is sealed, so that the materials inside the fermentation tank 401 ferment under constant temperature regulation. After fermentation, the materials are discharged through the discharge pipe 403, which can digest a large amount of coal gangue without causing secondary ecological damage.

[0043] Example 2: According to Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, a method for preparing a coal gangue soil conditioner includes the following steps:

[0044] The first step is to crush the coal gangue to 100 mesh.

[0045] The second step is to separate coal powder using an air sieve.

[0046] The third step is to mix the coal gangue powder obtained in the second step, solid urban organic waste, and the excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck in a ratio of 50:20:30.

[0047] Step 4: Mix thoroughly and pile up.

[0048] Fifth, cover and maintain the temperature between 40℃ and 55℃;

[0049] Step six: Maintain the temperature from step five for fermentation for 30-40 days;

[0050] The seventh step involves removing larger solids such as undigested plastics, ceramics, cement, bricks, and metal fragments from the product fermented in the sixth step, and then granulating the bulk product to obtain a high-quality soil conditioner.

[0051] The fifth step, covering and maintaining the temperature, ensures that the microbial fermentation and decomposition of municipal solid waste, the odor from excrement, and the decomposition of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, as well as the decomposition of metal elements in coal gangue, proceed effectively. If the temperature is below 40℃, the fermentation will be slow and take too long; if the temperature is above 55℃, the decomposition will be too fast, and methane and nitrogen will be produced. The sixth step, maintaining the fermentation period, refers to the effective time for full fermentation.

[0052] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, the coal gangue is processed by crushing it to 100 mesh. This facilitates the separation of coal from the gangue, helps release some metal elements during fermentation, and also promotes the bonding of the soil conditioner with the soil. After the crushed gangue is separated into coal particles by an air sieve, it is weighed. Based on the amount of coal gangue powder separated from the coal particles, it is mixed with organic waste and septic tank pollutants in a ratio of 50:20:30. The mixture is then sealed and allowed to ferment naturally, maintaining a humidity of 40℃~55℃. Excessive heat can be released if the temperature is too high. After more than 30 days, the fermentation process eliminates the odor of excrement and kills harmful pests and microorganisms. Once fermentation is complete, plastics, ceramics, cement, bricks, metal fragments, etc., brought in by urban organic waste can be separated, packaged, or granulated to obtain the soil conditioner product. One ton of coal gangue can produce 1.5 tons of soil conditioner containing more than 15% organic matter.

[0053] The specific steps are as follows:

[0054] Step 1: Crush coal gangue to 100 mesh, separate coal particles from the 100-mesh coal gangue powder, weigh 1000 kg of the separated coal gangue powder, weigh 400 kg of municipal solid organic waste, and weigh 600 kg of the paste-like sludge from the septic tank sucked up by the sewage truck. Mix the three together and then seal for fermentation. After 36 days, the odor of the fermented mixture disappears, and the municipal solid organic waste is fermented into humus. Remove plastic, ceramic, brick, cement, metal fragments, etc., and obtain 1520 kg of soil conditioner containing 15.3% organic matter.

[0055] Step two: Following the steps above, weigh 2000 kg of coal gangue powder (after separating the coal particles), add 800 kg of municipal solid organic waste, and then weigh 1200 kg of paste-like sludge from the septic tank collected by a vacuum truck. Mix the three together thoroughly, seal the container, and wait 38 days. After the odor of the fermented mixture disappears, the municipal solid organic waste has been fermented into humus. After removing plastics, ceramics, diamonds, cement, metal fragments, etc., 3030 kg of soil conditioner containing 14.6% organic matter is obtained.

[0056] In this invention, during use, coal gangue raw material is first fed into the ball mill barrel 202 through the feed inlet 203. Then, the feed inlet 203 is covered, and the drive motor 208 is started to rotate its output shaft, thereby driving the double-shaft gear 205 to rotate. The double-shaft gear 205 has shafts fixed at the center on both sides, and the two shafts rotate inside the two support frames 206. When the double-shaft gear 205 rotates, it meshes and drives the driven gear ring 204 to rotate. The continuous rotation of the ball mill barrel 202 grinds the coal gangue raw material inside into powder. After the ground coal gangue is discharged from the feed inlet 203, it is then transported into the air screen chamber 501. The crushed coal gangue flows downward along the inclined feed slide 506. The coal is transported to the area near the feed pipe 308. By starting the blower 505, the airflow blows the coal powder forward, through the screen 502, and into the feed pipe 308. The remaining material can be removed by opening the sealing plate 503, thus achieving separation. The separated coal powder enters the mixing tank 301, and solid urban organic waste and excrement sucked out by the septic tank suction truck are added through the feed port 302. Then, the sealing cover 303 is closed, and the valve 7 is shut off. By starting the servo motor 304, its output shaft drives the I-beam shaft 305 and the rotating rod 306 to rotate. During rotation, the mixing blades 307 continuously stir and mix the coal gangue powder, solid urban organic waste, and excrement sucked out by the septic tank suction truck. After the excrement is mixed, valve 7 is opened to keep the feed pipe 6 unobstructed. During continued mixing, the mixture enters the fermentation tank 401 through feed pipe 6. The temperature is maintained between 40℃ and 55℃ by energizing the constant temperature heating belt 402. After feeding is complete, valve 7 is closed, separating feed pipe 6 from fermentation tank 401. Fermentation tank 401 is then sealed, allowing the material inside to ferment under constant temperature control. The fermented material is discharged through discharge pipe 403. In use, the coal gangue is first processed by crushing it to 100 mesh. This facilitates the separation of coal from the gangue and also helps to remove some metal elements during fermentation. The release of elements also facilitates the bonding between the soil conditioner and the soil. After the crushed coal gangue is separated into coal particles by an air screen, it is weighed and mixed with coal gangue powder, organic waste, and septic tank pollutants in a ratio of 50:20:30 according to the amount of coal gangue powder separated from the coal particles. The mixture is sealed and allowed to ferment naturally, maintaining the humidity at 40℃~55℃. If the temperature is too high, heat can be released. After more than 30 days, the fermentation will eliminate the odor of excrement and kill harmful pests and microorganisms. After the fermentation is complete, the plastic, ceramic, cement, brick, stone, metal fragments, etc. brought in by urban organic waste can be sorted, packaged or granulated to obtain the soil conditioner product. 1 ton of coal gangue can produce 1.5 tons of soil conditioner containing more than 15% organic matter.

[0057] The specific steps are as follows:

[0058] Step 1: Crush coal gangue to 100 mesh, separate coal particles from the 100-mesh coal gangue powder, weigh 1000 kg of the separated coal gangue powder, weigh 400 kg of municipal solid organic waste, and weigh 600 kg of the paste-like sludge from the septic tank sucked up by the sewage truck. Mix the three together and then seal for fermentation. After 36 days, the odor of the fermented mixture disappears, and the municipal solid organic waste is fermented into humus. Remove plastic, ceramic, brick, cement, metal fragments, etc., and obtain 1520 kg of soil conditioner containing 15.3% organic matter.

[0059] Step two: Following the steps above, weigh 2000 kg of coal gangue powder (after separating the coal particles), add 800 kg of municipal solid organic waste, and then weigh 1200 kg of paste-like sludge from the septic tank collected by a vacuum truck. Mix the three together thoroughly, seal the container, and wait 38 days. After the odor of the fermented mixture disappears, the municipal solid organic waste has been fermented into humus. After removing plastics, ceramics, diamonds, cement, metal fragments, etc., 3030 kg of soil conditioner containing 14.6% organic matter is obtained.

[0060] The wiring diagrams of the drive motor 208, servo motor 304, constant temperature heating belt 402 and fan 505 in this invention are common knowledge in the field. Their working principles are known technologies. The appropriate model is selected according to actual use. Therefore, the control methods and wiring layouts of the drive motor 208, servo motor 304, constant temperature heating belt 402 and fan 505 will not be explained in detail.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A preparation apparatus for a coal gangue soil conditioner, comprising a support assembly (1), the support assembly (1) including an operating table (101), an air sieve assembly (5) disposed on the top of the operating table (101), and a mixing assembly (3) and a fermentation assembly (4) disposed on the outer side of the operating table (101), characterized in that: The mixing component (3) includes a mixing tank (301), the top of the mixing tank (301) is fixedly connected to a feed port (302), the top of the feed port (302) is fitted with a sealing cover (303), the top of the mixing tank (301) is provided with a servo motor (304) through a mounting plate, the output shaft of the servo motor (304) is fixedly connected to an I-beam shaft (305), the I-beam shaft (305) is rotatably embedded in the top of the mixing tank (301), the bottom of the I-beam shaft (305) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (306), and the outer surface of the rotating rod (306) is fixedly connected to multiple stirring blades (307). The fermentation component (4) includes a fermentation tank (401), which is used to ferment the mixed materials. A constant temperature heating belt (402) is provided on the outside of the fermentation tank (401), which is used to keep the internal temperature of the fermentation tank (401) constant. A discharge pipe (403) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the fermentation tank (401) near the bottom, and the discharge pipe (403) is used to discharge the fermented materials. The bottom of the operating table (101) is fixedly connected to the four corners with support columns (102), and two connecting rods (103) are fixedly connected between the two support columns (102), and reinforcing blocks (104) are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of the two connecting rods (103). The top of the operating table (101) is fixedly connected to a crushing assembly (2). The crushing assembly (2) includes two fixed frames (201). A ball mill (202) is rotatably connected between the inner walls of the two fixed frames (201) through a bearing. A feed inlet (203) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the ball mill (202). A driven toothed ring (204) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the ball mill (202). The top of the operating table (101) is fixedly connected to a support frame (207). Two support frames (206) are fixedly connected to one side of the top of the support frame (207). A double-shaft gear (205) is rotatably connected between the two support frames (206). A drive motor (208) is provided on the other side of the top of the support frame (207). The output shaft of the drive motor (208) is fixedly connected to one end of the double-shaft gear (205). The outer surface of the double-shaft gear (205) meshes with the outer surface of the driven gear ring (204). The bottom of the mixing tank (301) is fixedly connected to the feed pipe (6). Within the mixing assembly (3), the bottom edge of the stirring blade (307) is close to the bottom end face of the mixing tank (301). The radial length of the stirring blade (307) along the rotating rod (306) is less than the inner diameter of the mixing tank (301). The height of the stirring blade (307) gradually decreases from its end near the rotating rod (306) in a direction away from the rotating rod (306). The opening of the feed pipe (6) is located on the bottom end face of the mixing tank (301). The opening of the feed pipe (6) is located within the stirring area of ​​the stirring blade (307). A valve (7) is provided on the feeding pipe (6). During the feeding process in the feeding pipe (6) when the valve (7) is opened, the rotating rod (306) and the stirring blade (307) rotate continuously. The feeding port (302) is used to add solid urban organic waste and excrement sucked out by the septic tank suction truck; the solid urban organic waste includes solid materials such as plastics, ceramics, cement, bricks, and metal fragments.

2. The apparatus for preparing coal gangue soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air screen assembly (5) includes an air screen chamber (501), with a feed inlet (504) at the top of the air screen chamber (501), a sealing plate (503) on the front surface of the air screen chamber (501), and a screen (502) fixedly installed on one side of the inner wall of the air screen chamber (501).

3. The apparatus for preparing coal gangue soil conditioner according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fan (505) is installed on the top of the operating table (101). The output port of the fan (505) extends into the interior of the air screen chamber (501). A feeding slide plate (506) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air screen chamber (501).

4. The apparatus for preparing coal gangue soil conditioner according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the feed pipe (6) is connected to the top inlet of the fermentation tank (401) via a flange. The top of the mixing tank (301) is fixedly connected to the feed pipe (308), and one end of the feed pipe (308) is fixedly inserted into the air screen chamber (501) near the screen (502).

5. A method for preparing a coal gangue soil conditioner, characterized in that, The preparation method is implemented based on the preparation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the method includes the following steps: The first step is to crush the coal gangue to 100 mesh. The second step is to separate coal powder using an air sieve. The third step is to mix the coal gangue powder obtained in the second step, solid urban organic waste, and the excrement sucked out by the septic tank vacuum truck in a ratio of 50:20:

30. Step 4: Mix thoroughly and pile up. Fifth, cover and maintain the temperature between 40℃ and 55℃; Step six: Maintain the temperature from step five for fermentation for 30-40 days; The seventh step involves removing any undigested solids (plastics, ceramics, cement, bricks, and metal fragments) from the product fermented in the sixth step and granulating it from bulk to obtain a high-quality soil conditioner.

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