Ultrasonic machining assembly, finishing device and finishing system

Abstract

The application relates to the field of workpiece surface machining, and discloses an ultrasonic machining assembly, a finishing machining device and a finishing machining system. When the ultrasonic machining assembly is used to machine the surface of a workpiece, high-frequency electric energy needs to be input to multiple transducers, so that the multiple transducers convert the high-frequency electric energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration direction changer can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the multiple transducers and convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration into high-frequency mechanical vibration along the axial direction of the vibration direction changer, so that the machining roller connected to the outer end of the axial direction of the vibration direction changer can perform ultrasonic rolling machining on the surface of the workpiece. In this way, the surface quality of the workpiece can be effectively controlled, and the hardness of the surface of the workpiece can be effectively improved. In addition, by arranging the machining roller at the position of the maximum amplitude of the vibration direction changer, the machining roller can realize high-power output, so as to further improve the plastic hardening effect of the surface of the workpiece and be beneficial to improving the finishing machining efficiency of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of workpiece surface processing technology, specifically relating to an ultrasonic processing component, a finishing processing device, and a finishing processing system. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, some large workpieces require electroplating due to requirements such as sealing, wear resistance and service life. The surface roughness of large workpieces directly affects the adhesion, uniformity, corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the coating, and has a crucial impact on the coating quality.

[0003] Taking the inner surface machining of ultra-large and ultra-long hydraulic cylinders (with diameters exceeding 1.8 meters and lengths exceeding 30 meters) as an example, to ensure the electroplating effect, the inner surface cannot be too smooth or too rough. If it is too smooth, the lubricating oil may not be able to distribute effectively inside the cylinder, causing direct contact between the metal surfaces of the components, increasing the coefficient of friction, and making the plating layer more prone to wear. If it is too rough, the frictional force experienced by the cylinder during extension and retraction will increase significantly, leading to faster plating wear and shortening the cylinder's service life.

[0004] It is evident that before electroplating large workpieces, it is necessary to strictly control their surface roughness to ensure that the plating quality meets expectations. Currently, traditional surface treatment methods such as polishing, grinding, and honing are mostly used to achieve this. However, these traditional surface treatment methods can only control the surface quality (roughness) of large workpieces, and their effects are relatively limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an ultrasonic processing component, a finishing device, and a finishing system that can effectively control the surface quality of workpieces and greatly improve the surface hardness of workpieces.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides an ultrasonic processing assembly, comprising:

[0007] support;

[0008] Multiple transducers are used to convert high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration;

[0009] A vibration commutator, mounted on the bracket and comprising a vibration absorption section and a commutation shaft section coaxially connected, wherein a plurality of transducers are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorption section and arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumferential direction; and

[0010] The processing roller is rotatably connected to the outer axial end of the reversing shaft and located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration reversing device, so that the processing roller can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece with the maximum rolling force.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of the transducers are arranged radially along the radial direction of the vibration absorption section, and the rotation axis of the processing roller is perpendicular to the axis of the commutation shaft section.

[0012] Wherein, the distance L between the outer axial end of the transducer and the axis of the vibration absorption part is (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the distance between the axis of the transducer and the rotation axis of the processing roller is (λ / 2+N*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer is less than λ / 4, the diameter D of the commutation shaft body is less than λ / 4, λ is the ultrasonic vibration wavelength, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bracket includes an elastic support plate located on the vibration joint surface of the commutator, and the commutator shaft body is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate;

[0014] Wherein, the distance A between the elastic support plate and the axis of the transducer is (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2)mm, the distance B between the elastic support plate and the rotation axis of the processing roller is (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2)mm, n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N=n1+n2.

[0015] In some embodiments, the support includes an elastic support plate, a connecting plate, and a plurality of grid plates. The vibration commutator is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate. The connecting plate is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the elastic support plate. The plurality of grid plates are connected to the connecting plate and the elastic support plate and are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate. The plurality of transducers extend outward from the interval area between the plurality of grid plates.

[0016] In some embodiments, the support includes an elastic support plate, the vibration commutator is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate, and the ultrasonic processing assembly further includes a surface roughness sensor for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece, the surface roughness sensor being connected to the elastic support plate and having a retractable probe.

[0017] In some embodiments, the plurality of transducers include a first transducer, a second transducer, a third transducer, and a fourth transducer arranged sequentially and at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator.

[0018] Wherein, the driving voltages of the first transducer and the third transducer have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2 (a non-zero integer multiple), the driving voltages of the second transducer and the fourth transducer have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2 (a non-zero integer multiple), one of the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer has a positive integer multiple of the other, and the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer is an integer multiple of π / 4.

[0019] A second aspect of this application also provides a finishing apparatus, comprising:

[0020] The aforementioned ultrasonic processing components; and

[0021] A rotating mechanism is used to drive the ultrasonic processing assembly to rotate circumferentially along the workpiece to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece.

[0022] In some embodiments, multiple ultrasonic processing components are provided, and the multiple ultrasonic processing components are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the workpiece, and the rotating mechanism is used to drive the multiple ultrasonic processing components to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece.

[0023] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic processing assembly is provided with six components; in any three ultrasonic processing assemblies, the phase difference between the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer in each ultrasonic processing assembly is π / 4; in the remaining three ultrasonic processing assemblies, the phase difference between the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer in each ultrasonic processing assembly is π / 2; in any one of the ultrasonic processing assemblies, the driving voltages of the first transducer and the second transducer have the same frequency.

[0024] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft, a retractable structure, and a rotating driver. The retractable structure connects the rotating shaft to the support and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic processing assembly and the rotating shaft. The rotating driver is used to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby causing the retractable structure and the ultrasonic processing assembly to rotate about the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0025] A third aspect of this application also provides a finishing system, comprising:

[0026] The above-mentioned finishing equipment;

[0027] A traction device for traction of the finishing device along the axial direction of the workpiece; and

[0028] A control device for controlling the finishing device and the traction device.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, when using the ultrasonic processing assembly of this application to process the surface of a workpiece, high-frequency electrical energy needs to be input to multiple transducers. These transducers convert the high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration commutator absorbs and collects the high-frequency mechanical vibration from the multiple transducers and converts it into high-frequency mechanical vibration along its own axis. This allows the processing roller connected to the outer axial end of the vibration commutator to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the workpiece surface. Because ultrasonic energy acts on the workpiece surface, plastic deformation occurs, introducing residual stress and altering the microstructure of the workpiece surface. This achieves both finishing and surface strengthening effects simultaneously, effectively controlling the workpiece surface quality and improving its hardness. Furthermore, by placing the processing roller at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration commutator, the processing roller can achieve high-power output, further enhancing the plastic hardening effect on the workpiece surface and improving finishing efficiency.

[0030] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a finishing system according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a finishing apparatus and a workpiece suitable for finishing according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the finishing equipment in the process;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a perspective view of an ultrasonic processing component according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Side view of the ultrasonic processing component;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a waveform diagram of the driving voltage of a transducer in an ultrasonic processing component according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic machining trajectory on the surface of a workpiece by a finishing device according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the distribution of microscopic mechanical anchor points in the ultrasonic processing trajectory.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0041] 1. Finishing device 2. Traction device

[0042] 3. Control device W for workpiece

[0043] P Micromechanical Anchor Point

[0044] 11 Ultrasonic processing component 12 Rotary mechanism

[0045] 13 Supporting Institutions

[0046] 111 Support bracket 112 Transducer

[0047] 113 Vibration commutator 114 Machining roller

[0048] 115 Surface roughness sensor 121 Rotary shaft

[0049] 122 Rotary actuator 123 First link

[0050] 124 Second link 125 Third link

[0051] 126 First slide 127 Second slide

[0052] 128 Retraction / Extension Driver 131 Support Shaft

[0053] 132 Internal support assembly 133 First swing arm

[0054] 134 Second pendulum 135 Third pendulum

[0055] 136 First sliding sleeve 137 Second sliding sleeve

[0056] 138 Opening and closing actuator; 139 Walking structure

[0057] 111a Elastic support plate 111b Connecting plate

[0058] 111c grid plate 112a First transducer

[0059] 112b Second transducer; 112c Third transducer

[0060] 112d Fourth Transducer 113a Vibration Absorption Section

[0061] 113b Reversing Shaft Section Detailed Implementation

[0062] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0063] Reference Figures 2 to 6 The first exemplary embodiment of this application provides an ultrasonic processing assembly 11, which includes a support 111, a plurality of transducers 112, a vibration commutator 113 and a processing roller 114.

[0064] Specifically, multiple transducers 112 are used to convert high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. A vibration commutator 113 is mounted on a support 111, and multiple transducers 112 arranged sequentially and at intervals along the circumference are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration commutator 113. The vibration commutator 113 is used to convert the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the multiple transducers 112 into high-frequency mechanical vibration along its own axial direction (i.e., the axial direction of the vibration commutator 113). A processing roller 114 is rotatably connected to the outer axial end of the vibration commutator 113, and the processing roller 114 is used to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W (including but not limited to the inner and outer peripheral walls of the workpiece W).

[0065] With the above configuration, when the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 of this application is used to process the surface of the workpiece W, high-frequency electrical energy needs to be input to multiple transducers 112, so that the multiple transducers 112 convert the high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration. The vibration commutator 113 can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibration of the multiple transducers 112 and convert it into high-frequency mechanical vibration along its own axis, so that the processing roller 114 connected to the outer axial end of the vibration commutator 113 can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W. Since the ultrasonic energy acts on the surface of the workpiece W, the surface of the workpiece W can undergo plastic deformation and introduce residual stress. The microstructure of the surface of the workpiece W changes, and the effects of finishing and surface strengthening can be achieved simultaneously. That is, it can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece and effectively improve the surface hardness of the workpiece.

[0066] Because the ultrasonic processing component 11 of this application can effectively control the surface quality of the workpiece, the surface of the workpiece W can be machined to an appropriate roughness before electroplating, avoiding excessive smoothness or roughness. This provides more microscopic mechanical anchor points, making the bond between the coating and the workpiece surface stronger, ensuring the coating adheres firmly and preventing it from peeling off under high-pressure working conditions. Furthermore, appropriate roughness promotes uniform coating deposition, ensuring consistent coating thickness, thereby effectively improving the coating's wear resistance and corrosion resistance. When the workpiece surface is the inner circumferential wall of a hydraulic cylinder (including but not limited to ultra-large and ultra-long hydraulic cylinders), the improved coating quality helps the lubricating oil to distribute effectively inside the cylinder, avoiding direct contact between the metal surfaces of components within the cylinder. This reduces friction during cylinder extension and retraction, slows down the wear rate of the coating, and helps extend the service life of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0067] In some embodiments, the rotation axis of the processing roller 114, which is perpendicular to the axis of the vibration commutator 113, can be set to be located at the position of maximum amplitude of the vibration commutator 113, so that the processing roller 114 can have a larger amplitude, the rolling effect is further improved, and the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface is further improved.

[0068] In some embodiments, the support 111 may include an elastic support plate 111a, in which case the vibration commutator 113 can be coaxially connected to the elastic support plate 111a to be fixed to the support 111. In this structure, when the vibration commutator 113 vibrates axially, the elastic support plate 111a is also affected by the vibration and can generate elastic displacement axially, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113. This eliminates the need for extremely precise control of the distance between the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 and the workpiece surface to ensure contact between the processing roller 114 and the workpiece surface due to the small amplitude of ultrasonic vibration. In other words, because the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113 is expanded, the movement accuracy requirement of the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 can be reduced. Even with reduced movement accuracy requirements, ultrasonic rolling processing of the workpiece W by the processing roller 114 can still be achieved. Therefore, the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 of this application has the advantages of easy operation and high practicality.

[0069] Furthermore, the elastic support plate 111a can be positioned on the vibration node surface of the vibration commutator 113, which can prevent the vibration of the vibration commutator 113 from being transmitted to the support 111 through the elastic support plate 111a, thereby ensuring the overall stability of the support 111.

[0070] In some embodiments, the vibration commutator 113 may include a vibration absorbing section 113a and a commutation shaft section 113b, with the vibration absorbing section 113a and the processing roller 114 respectively connected to its two ends. Furthermore, a plurality of transducers 112 are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorbing section 113a, and the commutation shaft section 113b is coaxially connected to an elastic support plate 111a.

[0071] Based on the configuration of this embodiment, the vibration absorption unit 113a can absorb and collect the high-frequency mechanical vibrations of multiple transducers 112 and convert them into high-frequency mechanical vibrations along its own axial direction. Since the vibration absorption unit 113a and the commutation shaft unit 113b are coaxially connected and fixed, the commutation shaft unit 113b can also vibrate at high frequency along its own axial direction. As a result, the processing roller 114 connected to the commutation shaft unit 113b can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece W. In addition, the vibration of the commutation shaft unit 113b can be transmitted to the elastic support plate 111a coaxial with it. The elastic support plate 111a can also generate elastic displacement along the axial direction under the influence of this vibration, thereby expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113.

[0072] In some embodiments, the support 111 may further include a connecting plate 111b and a plurality of grid plates 111c. The connecting plate 111b is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the elastic support plate 111a. The plurality of grid plates 111c connect the connecting plate 111b and the elastic support plate 111a. The plurality of grid plates 111c are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate 111b. A plurality of transducers 112 extend outward from the interval area between the plurality of grid plates 111c. This arrangement can improve the structural compactness of the ultrasonic processing assembly 11, reduce the material cost of the support 111, and reduce the overall weight of the ultrasonic processing assembly 11.

[0073] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 may include a surface roughness sensor 115 (such as an inductive roughness meter) for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece W. For example, the surface roughness sensor 115 may be connected to an elastic support plate 111a and has a retractable probe. The retractable design of the probe ensures that the probe contacts the workpiece surface, thereby ensuring the success rate and accuracy of the surface roughness detection by the surface roughness sensor 115. Furthermore, by setting the surface roughness sensor 115, a structural basis can be provided for real-time monitoring of the finishing effect. In addition, a control device 3 may be additionally set to work in conjunction with the ultrasonic processing assembly 11. The control device 3 can automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 online based on the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115 (e.g., adjusting the frequency and phase of the driving voltage of multiple transducers 112).

[0074] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4The plurality of transducers 112 may include a first transducer 112a, a second transducer 112b, a third transducer 112c, and a fourth transducer 112d arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator 113. That is, the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c are arranged in pairs and located on both radial sides of the vibration commutator 113, and the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in pairs and located on both radial sides of the vibration commutator 113. The first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d are arranged in a cross shape. In addition, the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d may be further configured to be arranged radially radially along the vibration absorption section 113a.

[0075] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 The distance L between the outer axial end of the transducer 112 and the axis of the vibration absorption part 113a can be set to (λ+n*λ / 2) mm, the distance between the axis of the transducer 112 and the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 can be set to (λ / 2+N*λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer 112 can be set to less than λ / 4, and the diameter D of the commutation shaft part 113b can be set to less than λ / 4, where λ is the ultrasonic vibration wavelength, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

[0076] By limiting the dimensions described above, the amplitudes of multiple transducers 112 (e.g., the amplitudes of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c installed in pairs, and the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d installed in pairs) can achieve the effect of peak superposition or cancellation by controlling the voltage phase of the high-frequency electricity. The processing roller 114 can achieve high power output, thereby further improving the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0077] Furthermore, the distance A between the elastic support plate 111a and the axis of the transducer 112 can be set to (λ / 4+n1*λ / 2) mm, and the distance B between the elastic support plate 111a and the rotation axis of the processing roller 114 can be set to (λ / 4+n2*λ / 2) mm, where n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N=n1+n2.

[0078] In some embodiments, the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c can be set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples. The driving voltages of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d can be set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples. One of the frequencies of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to a positive integer multiple of the other. The phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b can be set to an integer multiple of π / 4.

[0079] Through the above settings, the following can be obtained: Figure 6 The diagram shows the driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c, and the fourth transducer 112d. In the diagram, f1 is the driving voltage waveform of the first transducer 112a, f2 is the driving voltage waveform of the second transducer 112b, f3 is the driving voltage waveform of the third transducer 112c, and f4 is the driving voltage waveform of the fourth transducer 112d.

[0080] from Figure 6 It can be seen that after the driving voltage waveforms of the first transducer 112a, the second transducer 112b, the third transducer 112c and the fourth transducer 112d are superimposed, the ultrasonic processing component 11 is in a high voltage input state for most of the working time, which can effectively improve the ultrasonic vibration energy obtained by the ultrasonic processing component 11, thereby greatly improving the plastic hardening effect of the workpiece surface and greatly improving the finishing efficiency.

[0081] Reference Figures 1 to 3 The second exemplary embodiment of this application also provides a finishing processing apparatus 1, which may include a rotating mechanism 12 and the ultrasonic processing component 11 described above. However, it should be noted that the ultrasonic processing component 11 may also be replaced with other forms of ultrasonic processing components or other types of processing components (including but not limited to polishing, grinding, honing, etc.), and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0082] The finishing apparatus 1 of this application will be further described below, taking the ultrasonic processing component 11 as an example.

[0083] Specifically, the aforementioned rotating mechanism 12 can drive the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 to rotate circumferentially along the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W (i.e., the inner peripheral wall surface and / or outer peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W).

[0084] In some embodiments, the finishing apparatus 1 has multiple ultrasonic processing components 11, and the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the workpiece W. At this time, the rotating mechanism 12 can drive the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece W to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W. Since the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 work at the same time, the finishing efficiency can be effectively improved.

[0085] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 8 The finishing device 1 is configured to process multiple microscopic mechanical anchor points P arranged in an array on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W using multiple ultrasonic processing components 11. By processing multiple regularly distributed microscopic mechanical anchor points P on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece, the bonding between the coating and the workpiece surface can be made stronger, ensuring that the coating can adhere firmly and preventing the coating from falling off under high pressure working conditions, thereby effectively extending the working life of the coating.

[0086] In some embodiments, in order to obtain such Figure 8 The multiple micro-mechanical anchor points P shown are referenced. Figure 2 and Figure 7 Six ultrasonic processing components 11 can be set in the optical finishing processing device 1. Specifically, in any one of the ultrasonic processing components 11, the driving voltages of the first transducer 112a and the third transducer 112c are set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples. The driving voltages of the second transducer 112b and the fourth transducer 112d are set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which are non-zero integer multiples.

[0087] Furthermore, in any one of the ultrasonic processing components 11, the frequency of the driving voltage of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b is set to be the same.

[0088] Furthermore, in any three ultrasonic processing components 11, the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic processing component 11 is set to π / 4, so that the processing trajectory of the three ultrasonic processing components 11 on the workpiece surface is... Figure 7 The trajectory shown is ①.

[0089] In the remaining three ultrasonic processing components 11, the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer 112a and the second transducer 112b in each ultrasonic processing component 11 is set to π / 2, so that the processing trajectory of the three ultrasonic processing components 11 on the workpiece surface is... Figure 7 Trajectory ② is shown in the diagram.

[0090] Therefore, from an overall perspective, the machining trajectories of the six ultrasonic machining components 11 in the finishing device 1 on the workpiece surface are as follows: Figure 7The trajectory ③ shown is formed by superimposing trajectories ① and ②. The multiple intersection points of trajectories ① and ② are... Figure 8 The multiple micro-mechanical anchor points P shown.

[0091] It can be seen that by controlling the driving voltage waveforms of multiple transducers 112, complex machining trajectories can be synthesized, and multiple regularly distributed micro-mechanical anchor points P can be machined on the surface of the workpiece, which can effectively improve the bonding force between the coating and the workpiece surface and extend the working life of the coating.

[0092] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 3 The rotating mechanism 12 may include a rotating shaft 121, a retractable structure, and a rotating actuator 122. Specifically, the retractable structure connects the rotating shaft 121 to the support 111 and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 and the rotating shaft 121. The rotating actuator 122 is used to drive the rotating shaft 121 to rotate, thereby causing the retractable structure and the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 121. For example, the rotating actuator 122 may be a motor or other types of actuators.

[0093] As can be seen, the finishing device 1 of this embodiment is suitable for finishing the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece W. Depending on the inner diameter of the workpiece, the finishing device 1 can adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic processing component 11 and the rotating shaft 121 by means of the expansion and contraction structure, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic processing component 11 can always perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece W with different inner diameters, thereby making the finishing device 1 highly versatile.

[0094] Furthermore, when multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 are provided, the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 are arranged sequentially and at intervals around the rotating shaft 121. At this time, the retractable structure connects the rotating shaft 121 with the support 111 of the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11, so that the radial distance between the multiple ultrasonic processing components 11 and the rotating shaft 121 can be adjusted synchronously by using the retractable structure.

[0095] Furthermore, if the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 is equipped with an elastic support plate 111a, it is not necessary to align the axis of the rotating shaft 121 with that of the workpiece W to ensure that the processing roller 114 contacts the inner circumferential wall of the workpiece W. As mentioned above, the elastic support plate 111a can move elastically along the axial direction, thus expanding the axial movement range of the vibration commutator 113, which in turn expands the axial movement range of the processing roller 114. This reduces the alignment requirement between the axis of the rotating shaft 121 and the workpiece W, lowers the difficulty of using the finishing processing device 1, and improves its versatility, adaptability, and practicality.

[0096] In some embodiments, the retractable structure includes a first connecting rod 123, a second connecting rod 124, a third connecting rod 125, a first sliding cylinder 126, a second sliding cylinder 127, and a retractable actuator 128. Specifically, the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 121 along the axial direction and are fixed circumferentially with the rotating shaft 121. Therefore, when the rotating shaft 121 rotates, the first sliding cylinder 126 and the second sliding cylinder 127 can rotate synchronously. In addition, the two ends of the first connecting rod 123 are respectively hinged to the bracket 111 and the first sliding cylinder 126, the two ends of the second connecting rod 124 and the two ends of the third connecting rod 125 are respectively hinged to the bracket 111 and the second sliding cylinder 127, the first connecting rod 123 and the second connecting rod 124 are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the retractable actuator 128, and the second connecting rod 124 and the third connecting rod 125 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart.

[0097] With the configuration of this embodiment, when the angle between the first link 123 and the second link 124 driven by the retraction driver 128 increases, the distance between the first slide cylinder 126 and the second slide cylinder 127 increases, and the third link 125 swings synchronously with the second link 124. Thus, under the drive of the first link 123, the second link 124 and the third link 125, the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 can move smoothly close to the rotating shaft 121.

[0098] Conversely, when the angle between the first link 123 and the second link 124 driven by the retraction driver 128 decreases, the distance between the first slide cylinder 126 and the second slide cylinder 127 decreases, and the third link 125 swings synchronously with the second link 124. Thus, under the drive of the first link 123, the second link 124 and the third link 125, the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 can move smoothly away from the rotating shaft 121.

[0099] The retraction drive 128 can be of different types, such as linear motors, electric cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders, and this application does not limit it.

[0100] In some embodiments, the rotating mechanism 12 may further include a floating connector (not shown in the figures) connected between the rotary driver 122 and the rotating shaft 121 and capable of floating radially. When the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 performs finishing on the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 will be subjected to the reaction force of the workpiece W. By providing the floating connector, this reaction force can be buffered to avoid strong impact on the rotary driver 122 and reduce the durability of the rotary driver 122.

[0101] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2The finishing apparatus 1 also includes a support mechanism 13 that can be fixed to the workpiece W and supports the rotating mechanism 12. Thus, before finishing the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, the support mechanism 13 can be fixed to the workpiece W to provide a fixed foundation for the entire finishing apparatus 1. Then, the rotating mechanism 12 can be used to drive the ultrasonic processing assembly 11 (which can also be replaced by other types of ultrasonic processing assemblies or other types of processing assemblies) to rotate around the circumference of the workpiece W for finishing.

[0102] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The support mechanism 13 may include a support shaft 131, a tensioning structure, and multiple inner support components 132. Specifically, the multiple inner support components 132 are arranged sequentially and at intervals around the support shaft 131. The tensioning structure connects the support shaft 131 and the multiple inner support components 132 and is used to adjust the radial distance between the multiple inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131. The support mechanism 13 of this embodiment is suitable for supporting and fixing within the inner cavity of the workpiece W.

[0103] When it is necessary to fix the support mechanism 13 to the inner cavity of the workpiece W, the radial distance between the multiple inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131 can be increased by adjusting the tensioning structure, so that the multiple inner support components 132 can jointly support the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece W, thereby fixing the support mechanism 13 to the workpiece W. This can provide stronger rigidity and stability for the finishing processing device 1, thereby effectively improving the finishing processing effect.

[0104] When it is necessary to move the finishing device 1, the radial distance between the multiple inner support components 132 and the support shaft 131 can be reduced by adjusting the opening and closing structure, so that the multiple inner support components 132 are disengaged from the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece W. At this time, the finishing device 1 can be moved, which is convenient and quick.

[0105] In some embodiments, the opening and closing structure may include a first sliding sleeve 136, a second sliding sleeve 137, an opening and closing actuator 138, and a plurality of rocker arm assemblies corresponding to a plurality of inner support assemblies 132. Each rocker arm assembly includes a first rocker arm 133, a second rocker arm 134, and a third rocker arm 135. The first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 are slidably sleeved on the outside of the support shaft 131 in the axial direction and are fixed to the support shaft 131 in the circumferential direction, so neither the first sliding sleeve 136 nor the second sliding sleeve 137 can rotate around the support shaft 131.

[0106] Furthermore, in each rocker arm assembly, the two ends of the first rocker arm 133 and the two ends of the second rocker arm 134 are respectively hinged to the first sliding sleeve 136 and the corresponding inner support assembly 132, and the two ends of the third rocker arm 135 are respectively hinged to the second sliding sleeve 137 and the corresponding inner support assembly 132. The first rocker arm 133 and the second rocker arm 134 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart. The second rocker arm 134 and the third rocker arm 135 are arranged at an angle and the angle can be adjusted by the opening and closing driver 138.

[0107] With the configuration of this embodiment, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle of the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 to increase, the distance between the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 increases, and the first swing arm 133 and the second swing arm 134 swing synchronously. Thus, under the drive of the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135, the inner support assembly 132 connected to the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 can move smoothly close to the support shaft 131.

[0108] Conversely, when the opening and closing driver 138 drives the included angle of the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 to become smaller, the distance between the first sliding sleeve 136 and the second sliding sleeve 137 becomes smaller, and the first swing arm 133 and the second swing arm 134 swing synchronously. Thus, under the drive of the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135, the inner support assembly 132 connected to the first swing arm 133, the second swing arm 134 and the third swing arm 135 can move smoothly away from the support shaft 131.

[0109] The opening and closing actuator 138 can be of different types, such as linear motors, electric cylinders, and hydraulic cylinders, and this application does not limit it.

[0110] Furthermore, in Figure 3 In the embodiment shown, the support shaft 131 is formed as a hollow shaft, in which case the rotation shaft of the rotary driver 122 passes through the support shaft 131 to be fixed to the first slide 126 (for example, by means of a floating connector), and the housing of the rotary driver 122 can be fixed to the end of the first slide 136.

[0111] In some embodiments, the support mechanism 13 further includes a traveling structure 139 disposed on the inner support assembly 132 and movable between a use position and a standby position. Specifically, in the use position, the traveling structure 139 extends beyond the radial outer end of the inner support assembly 132 to contact the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, thereby allowing the finishing device 1 to travel along the axial direction of the workpiece W via the traveling structure 139 to process different areas of the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece, saving time and effort and greatly improving processing efficiency. In the standby position, the traveling structure 139 does not extend beyond the radial outer end of the inner support assembly 132 to disengage from the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W. At this time, multiple inner support assemblies 132 can jointly support the inner peripheral wall of the workpiece W, allowing the finishing device 1 to remain in a certain axial region of the workpiece W to perform finishing operations.

[0112] In some embodiments, the traveling structure 139 includes a telescopic rod capable of radial extension and retraction along the support shaft 131 and a traveling wheel connected to the outer end of the telescopic rod. By extending and retracting the telescopic rod, the traveling wheel can be controlled to contact or disengage from the inner peripheral wall surface of the workpiece W, thereby facilitating the movement of the traveling structure 139 between the working position and the standby position.

[0113] Reference Figure 1 The third exemplary embodiment of this application also provides a finishing system, which includes the aforementioned finishing device 1, traction device 2 and control device 3.

[0114] When it is necessary to move the finishing device 1 along the axial direction of the workpiece W to perform finishing on the workpiece surface in different areas, the finishing device 1 can be moved along the axial direction of the workpiece W by the traction device 2. It should be noted that when the traction device 2 is provided, the finishing device 1 does not necessarily need to be equipped with a walking structure 139 in order to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0115] As an example, the traction device 2 can be a winch mechanism and is provided at both ends of the workpiece W along the axial direction. The two winch mechanisms can traction the finishing device 1, thereby driving the finishing device 1 to move along the axial direction of the workpiece W.

[0116] In addition, the control device 3 is used to control the finishing device 1 and the traction device 2, including but not limited to controlling the start and stop of the finishing device 1 and the traction device 2, controlling the movement of the support mechanism 13 and the rotation mechanism 12 in the finishing device 1, and acquiring the detection data of the surface roughness sensor 115 to automatically adjust the working state of the ultrasonic processing components.

[0117] In summary, this application provides a novel ultrasonic machining component 11, a finishing device 1, and a finishing system, which are particularly suitable for the inner surface machining of ultra-large and ultra-long hydraulic cylinders with different cylinder diameters. It has many technical advantages, such as high machining efficiency, effective control of workpiece surface quality, improvement of workpiece surface hardness, online monitoring of surface quality, and reduced alignment requirements with the hydraulic cylinder.

[0118] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0119] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0120] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0121] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic processing assembly, characterized in that, include: Bracket (111); Multiple transducers (112) are used to convert high-frequency electrical energy into high-frequency mechanical vibration; A vibration commutator (113) is mounted on the bracket (111) and includes a vibration absorption section (113a) and a commutation shaft section (113b) coaxially connected. A plurality of transducers (112) are connected to the outer periphery of the vibration absorption section (113a) and arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumferential direction. The processing roller (114) is rotatably connected to the outer axial end of the reversing shaft body (113b) and located at the maximum amplitude position of the vibration reversing device (113), so that the processing roller (114) can perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the surface of the workpiece (W) with the maximum rolling force. Multiple transducers (112) are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference of the vibration commutator (113). The multiple transducers (112) are arranged in pairs, and the two pairs of transducers are located on the radial sides of the vibration commutator (113). The driving voltage of the two pairs of transducers is set to have the same frequency and a phase difference of π / 2, which is a non-zero integer multiple. The driving voltage between the unpaired transducers is set to have a frequency that is a positive integer multiple of the other, and a phase difference of π / 4, which is an integer multiple of the other.

2. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple transducers (112) are arranged radially along the vibration absorption section (113a), and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is perpendicular to the axis of the reversing shaft section (113b). Wherein, the distance L between the outer axial end of the transducer (112) and the axis of the vibration absorption part (113a) is (λ+n The distance between the axis of the transducer (112) and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is (λ / 2) mm, and the distance between the axis of the transducer (112) and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is (λ / 2 + N). λ / 2) mm, the diameter C of the transducer (112) is less than λ / 4, the diameter D of the commutation shaft body (113b) is less than λ / 4, λ is the ultrasonic vibration wavelength, and n and N are both non-negative integers.

3. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket (111) includes an elastic support plate (111a) located on the vibration joint surface of the vibration commutator (113), and the commutator shaft body (113b) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a). Wherein, the distance A between the elastic support plate (111a) and the axis of the transducer (112) is (λ / 4 + n1) The distance B between the elastic support plate (111a) and the rotation axis of the processing roller (114) is (λ / 2) mm, and the distance B is (λ / 4 + n2) mm. λ / 2) mm, where n1 and n2 are both non-negative integers, and N = n1 + n2.

4. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (111) includes an elastic support plate (111a), a connecting plate (111b), and a plurality of grid plates (111c). The vibration commutator (113) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a). The connecting plate (111b) is arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the elastic support plate (111a). The plurality of grid plates (111c) are connected to the connecting plate (111b) and the elastic support plate (111a) and are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the connecting plate (111b). The plurality of transducers (112) extend outward from the interval area between the plurality of grid plates (111c).

5. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (111) includes an elastic support plate (111a), the vibration commutator (113) is coaxially connected to the elastic support plate (111a), and the ultrasonic processing assembly (11) further includes a surface roughness sensor (115) for detecting the surface roughness of the workpiece (W), the surface roughness sensor (115) is connected to the elastic support plate (111a) and is provided with a retractable probe.

6. The ultrasonic processing assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The plurality of transducers (112) include a first transducer (112a), a second transducer (112b), a third transducer (112c) and a fourth transducer (112d) arranged at equal intervals in sequence along the circumference of the vibration commutator (113). Wherein, the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the third transducer (112c) have the same frequency and the phase difference is a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, the driving voltages of the second transducer (112b) and the fourth transducer (112d) have the same frequency and the phase difference is a non-zero integer multiple of π / 2, one of the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) has a positive integer multiple of the other, and the phase difference of the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) is an integer multiple of π / 4.

7. A finishing apparatus, characterized in that, include: The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) according to claim 6; and A rotating mechanism (12) is used to drive the ultrasonic processing assembly (11) to rotate circumferentially along the workpiece (W) to perform ultrasonic rolling processing on the peripheral wall surface of the workpiece (W).

8. The finishing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple ultrasonic processing assemblies (11) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the workpiece (W). The rotating mechanism (12) is used to drive the multiple ultrasonic processing assemblies (11) to rotate along the circumference of the workpiece (W).

9. The finishing apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that, The ultrasonic processing assembly (11) is provided in six parts; in any three ultrasonic processing assemblies (11), the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) in each ultrasonic processing assembly (11) is π / 4; in the remaining three ultrasonic processing assemblies (11), the phase difference of the driving voltage of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) in each ultrasonic processing assembly (11) is π / 2; in any one of the ultrasonic processing assemblies (11), the driving voltages of the first transducer (112a) and the second transducer (112b) have the same frequency.

10. The finishing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism (12) includes a rotating shaft (121), a retractable structure, and a rotating driver (122). The retractable structure connects the rotating shaft (121) to the bracket (111) and is used to adjust the radial distance between the ultrasonic processing component (11) and the rotating shaft (121). The rotating driver (122) is used to drive the rotating shaft (121) to rotate so that the retractable structure and the ultrasonic processing component (11) rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft (121).

11. A finishing system, characterized in that, include: The finishing apparatus (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 10; Traction device (2), used to traction the finishing device (1) to move along the axial direction of the workpiece (W); and Control device (3) is used to control the finishing device (1) and the traction device (2).

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