A method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of shield machine construction, and specifically relates to a method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine. The overall hoisting process is: crawler crane in place → starting frame → locomotive head → 6# trailer → 5# trailer → 4# trailer → 3# trailer → 2# trailer → 1# trailer → equipment bridge → screw conveyor → middle shield → front shield → assembler → tail shield → cutter disc; the shield machine host assembly steps are: assembly of the middle shield and the front shield → assembly of the front shield and the cutter disc → assembly of the screw conveyor → assembly of the tail shield → assembly of the equipment bridge → connection of the rear supporting equipment with the host; the invention reasonably arranges the sequence of lowering each shield body into the well, so that in the whole process, the shield body pushing cylinder performs 5 pushes and two reversals; the invention translates the shield body on the starting platform, and on the basis of ensuring the position accuracy, reduces the number and length of translation of the shield body on the starting platform, improves the simplicity of the shield body translation operation, improves the construction efficiency, and effectively reduces the potential safety hazards on site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of shield machine construction, and in particular relates to a method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine. Background Art

[0002] In subway tunnel construction, the shield method is generally used as the preferred method of tunnel construction because of its safe excavation, fast construction speed, low environmental impact and high degree of automation. When the shield enters the underground starting position from the ground, it needs to be hoisted through the starting shaft. The normal starting shaft length is greater than the length of the shield machine, but under the limitations of the specific construction site, the starting shaft length may be narrower than the length of the shield machine. At this time, the shield machine needs to be hoisted in parts.

[0003] The shield machine mainly includes the cutter head, front shield, middle shield, rear shield, screw conveyor and assembly machine, in addition to supporting equipment such as equipment bridge and trailer. Due to the large number of components and the different weights of the components, it is very important to reasonably arrange the installation process and choose the appropriate lifting method to shorten the construction period. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a narrow shaft shield machine hoisting method, which is suitable for the split hoisting and starting of the shield machine in a narrow space, can improve construction efficiency and reduce construction costs.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine comprises the following steps:

[0007] 300t crawler crane is in place;

[0008] Lift the trailer, equipment bridge and screw conveyor into the launching well in sequence; connect the trailer and equipment bridge on the receiving rail; temporarily fix the screw conveyor on the segment vehicle;

[0009] The middle shield, front shield and assembly machine are lowered into the well and installed in sequence; then the tail shield is hoisted down into the well, the screw conveyor is installed, the tail shield is installed and the cutter head is hoisted down into the well;

[0010] Hoisting and lowering the middle shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the middle shield over and lower it into the well; After the middle shield is lowered into the well and placed stably on the starting platform, fix the push lugs on the middle shield and use the shield body pushing cylinder to push the middle shield backwards;

[0011] Hoisting and lowering the front shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the front shield over and lower it into the well; after the front shield is lowered into the well and placed stably on the starting platform, the shield body pushing cylinder moves to the other side of the push ear seat to push the middle shield forward; when the middle shield is pushed to fully match the front shield, connect the front shield and the middle shield, and then the shield body pushing cylinder pushes the assembled front shield and the middle shield forward to the tunnel entrance;

[0012] Lifting the assembling machine down the well: Use a crawler crane to lift the assembling machine down the well and install it;

[0013] Hoisting and lowering the tail shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the tail shield over and lower it into the well; when placing the tail shield on the starting frame, a distance of 0.8m~1.5m must be reserved between the tail shield and the middle shield to reserve auxiliary installation conditions for the front end of the screw conveyor;

[0014] Installation of screw conveyor: Use the segment car to push the screw conveyor into the shield body, hang the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane on the main lifting lug of the head of the screw conveyor, and hang the wire rope of the main hook of the crawler crane through the gap between the middle shield and the tail shield to hold the screw conveyor from the bottom of the screw conveyor; lift the screw conveyor and move it forward to the limit by the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and then lift the tail of the screw conveyor with a 10t hand chain hoist, and move the main hook wire rope backward; loosen the 10t hand chain hoist, and continue to lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and repeat this process many times until the screw conveyor is adjusted in place; install the screw conveyor; then use the shield body pushing cylinder to push the front shield and the middle shield backward to match the tail shield, and connect the tail shield with the middle shield;

[0015] The cutterhead is hoisted and lowered into the well: the shield-pushing cylinder pushes the front shield, middle shield and tail shield backwards together; the cutterhead is turned over and lowered into the well by a crawler crane and installed.

[0016] Furthermore, in the installation steps of the screw conveyor, first, use the segment car to push the screw conveyor into the shield body until there is no room to push it forward; after removing the segment car, lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and when there is no room for the main hook wire rope to move forward, use two 10t hand winches that are pre-hung on the M-beam and the man warehouse respectively to hold the screw conveyor; then move the main hook wire rope to the rear of the screw conveyor to the appropriate position, then release the 10t hand winch, and continue to lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and repeat this many times; until the head of the screw conveyor passes through the screw conveyor seat on the shield body, loosen the main hook wire rope, and lift the screw conveyor with the auxiliary hook.

[0017] Furthermore, during the installation process of the screw conveyor, two 5t hand hoists are used to pull the screw conveyor from the left and right directions to prevent it from swinging, and the 5t hand hoists are fixed on the lifting ears of the segment machine.

[0018] Furthermore, before the trailer is hoisted into the well, the trailer remains stationary, and the crawler crane first hoists the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame; after the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame are installed, the crawler crane lifts the trailer so that the trailer is suspended in mid-air, and the wheels are installed after it is stable; then the crawler crane lowers the trailer into the well and places it on the receiving guide rail, which is then pulled into the station by the locomotive, completing the lowering of one trailer into the well; this cycle is repeated for 5 trailers, and the order of the trailers entering the well is 6# trailer → 5# trailer → 4# trailer → 3# trailer → 2# trailer → 1# trailer; when the trailer length exceeds the wellhead length, the crawler crane's main and auxiliary hooks need to be used to tilt the trailer 40° before hoisting.

[0019] Furthermore, the equipment bridge is hoisted by lowering it into the well at an angle. After the equipment bridge is lowered into the well, the crawler crane does not release the hook and connects the equipment bridge to the 1# trailer. The front end of the equipment bridge is supported on the segment car with a steel frame and welded and fixed, and then towed into the tunnel by a locomotive. After the equipment bridge enters the tunnel, the front end of the equipment bridge is fixed on the tunnel floor and the connection with the segment car is cut off.

[0020] Furthermore, sleepers are placed on the segment car; the main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane cooperate to tilt the screw conveyor 40° and then lift it into the well. After the screw conveyor is lowered into the well, it is placed on the sleepers on the segment car and fixed together with the segment car, and then towed into the tunnel by a locomotive.

[0021] Furthermore, after the middle shield is hoisted into the well, the shield is pushed backwards by the shield-pushing cylinder to ensure that a distance of 4000m~4500mm is left between the middle shield and the edge of the shaft; the shield-pushing cylinder uses two 200t hydraulic jacks.

[0022] Furthermore, when the tail shield is placed on the launching frame, a distance of 0.8m~1.2m must be reserved between the tail shield and the middle shield.

[0023] Furthermore, before the cutter disc is in place, the shield pushing cylinder pushes the front shield, middle shield and tail shield backward as a whole to 2m away from the front edge of the starting well.

[0024] Furthermore, before the shield arrives at the site, the soil at the lifting end is reinforced; the section end is reinforced by deep hole grouting at the portal, and the soil layer is reinforced by deep hole grouting in the tunnel; a reinforced concrete lifting platform is constructed on the ground, and the lifting platform is cast with C30 concrete with a thickness of 30cm; before the lifting construction, a 20mm steel plate is laid on the lifting platform of the shield machine.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] The invention arranges the lowering sequence of each shield body reasonably, so that in the whole process, the shield body pushing cylinder performs 5 pushes and two changes of direction; the invention translates the shield body on the starting platform, and reduces the number and length of translation of the shield body on the starting platform on the basis of ensuring the position accuracy; the process of translating the shield body has only two reversals of the pushing direction of the shield body pushing cylinder, which improves the simplicity of the shield body translation operation; and effectively reduces the potential safety hazards on site.

[0027] When installing the screw conveyor, a 300t crawler crane combined with a hand chain hoist is used. The screw conveyor is lifted by the main hook and the auxiliary hook and moved forward to the limit. At the same time, when the main hook wire rope is moved, the wire moves backward to the limit. Thus, the screw conveyor can be adjusted to the installation position with as few adjustments as possible, which saves operations and improves the installation efficiency of the screw conveyor.

[0028] The present invention can be adapted to the hoisting and lowering of a shield machine under conditions of a narrow starting shaft, and by reasonably designing the lowering sequence and installation sequence of each component, the process is reduced, the hoisting safety is improved, and the installation speed is faster. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. Among them:

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment underbridge well in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the shield turning process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central shield hoisting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of front shield hoisting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hoisting of the assembling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 The figure is a schematic diagram of the tail shield hoisting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the initial installation state of the screw conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation process of the screw conveyor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Fig. 9 This is a vertical view of the cutter head hoisting according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the picture: equipment bridge-1, front shield-2, middle shield-3, rear shield-4, cutter disc-5, assembler-6, screw conveyor-7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0042] In the construction section of a subway station, a shield machine equipped by China Railway was used. The shield machine was hoisted by a 300t crawler crane. After the various parts of the shield machine were brought into the site, they were not stored on site, but directly hoisted down to the well for construction. The station is a three-story structure, with a shield machine downhole opening of 11.75m long and 7.2m wide set on the top plate, which is used for hoisting and assembly of the shield machine and the supporting trailer.

[0043] The main technical parameters of China Railway Equipment's shield machine are shown in Table 1:

[0044] Table 1 Main technical parameters of shield machine of China Railway Equipment

[0045]

[0046] As can be seen from Table 1, the front shield 2 of the shield machine is the heaviest, weighing 120t. In this hoisting method, the front shield 2 is designed to meet the maximum lifting weight of 120t for hoisting verification.

[0047] The schedule for shield machine hoisting is as follows:

[0048] Table 2 Shield machine hoisting schedule

[0049]

[0050] The narrow shaft shield machine hoisting method of the present invention mainly includes hoisting preparation and shield machine hoisting.

[0051] 1. Preparation for hoisting:

[0052] Lifting preparation includes starting well construction, site preparation, crawler crane installation and trial lifting.

[0053] An excavation well is constructed on one side of the departure well, and the departure well and the excavation well are connected through a space passage on the station floor;

[0054] The ground of the work site must be flat and solid to meet the needs of lifting; the foundation of the lifting site needs to be treated, including end reinforcement and hardening of the lifting site:

[0055] The end of the section is reinforced by deep hole grouting at the tunnel; reinforcement is carried out when the station foundation pit is dewatered to better ensure the reinforcement effect. At the same time, deep hole grouting is used in the tunnel to reinforce the soil layer. After reinforcement, the soil should have good self-support, sealing and necessary strength, and its unconfined compressive strength qu≥1.0Mpa, and the soil permeability coefficient ≤1×10 -7 cm / sec.

[0056] The 300t crawler crane is located on a reinforced concrete lifting platform. The lifting platform is cast with C30 concrete, 30cm thick, 25.6m long, and 12m wide. Two layers of φ8 steel mesh are used inside, and the adjacent two layers of steel mesh are connected by connecting bars. Before the lifting construction, a 20mm steel plate must be laid on the platform. In this embodiment, the longest main arm of the 300t crawler crane is nearly 22m, the auxiliary arm is 7m, and the angle between the bottom section of the main arm and the horizontal plane is about -2°, so that the side of the main arm root can avoid the weight of the vehicle body. Before lifting, check the safety and reliability of the 300t crawler crane machinery and lifting rigging. After they fully meet the requirements, conduct a lifting trial.

[0057] 2. Shield machine hoisting:

[0058] The overall lifting process is: crawler crane in place → starting frame → locomotive head → 6# trailer → 5# trailer → 4# trailer → 3# trailer → 2# trailer → 1# trailer → equipment bridge → screw conveyor → middle shield → front shield → assembly machine → tail shield → cutter disc.

[0059] The assembly steps of the shield machine main unit are: assembly of the middle shield and the front shield → assembly of the front shield and the cutter head → assembly of the screw conveyor → assembly of the tail shield → assembly of the equipment bridge → connection of the rear supporting equipment with the main unit.

[0060] Next, the hoisting and assembly process of the shield machine will be described in detail.

[0061] 2.1 Firstly, carry out the rear supporting trailer hoisting:

[0062] The order of the rear supporting trailers entering the site is 6# trailer → 5# trailer → 4# trailer → 3# trailer → 2# trailer → 1# trailer → equipment bridge. When the rear supporting trailer arrives, the trailer does not move first. The crawler crane first lifts the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame, and installs the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame on trailers 1#~6#. After that, the crawler crane lifts the trailer and suspends it in mid-air. After it stabilizes, the wheels are installed. After that, the trailer is lowered into the well and placed on the receiving rail, and is pulled into the station by the locomotive, completing the lowering of one trailer. This cycle is repeated for 6 trailers. The wheels of each trailer must be fixed to prevent the trailer from slipping. The receiving rails are two steel rails laid on the floor of the station floor space channel after the station floor space channel is completed and before the trailer is lowered into the well. They serve as trailer rails. The receiving rails are set on both the left and right lines of the starting well.

[0063] The length of trailer 2# is 12.1m, and the length of wellhead is 11.75m. When trailer 2# is hoisted down the well, Figure 1 As shown, the crawler crane main and auxiliary hooks need to be used to tilt the trailer 40° before lifting.

[0064] 2.2 Equipment bridge hoisting:

[0065] After the trailer is lowered into the well, the equipment bridge 1 is lowered next. Since the length of the equipment bridge 1 is longer than the length of the starting well, the main hook and auxiliary hook of the crawler crane are used at the same time to ensure that the equipment bridge 1 is lowered into the well at an angle. After the equipment bridge 1 is lowered into the well, the crane does not loosen the hook. The equipment bridge 1 is connected to the 1# trailer. The front end of the equipment bridge 1 is supported on the segment car with a steel frame and welded and fixed, and is towed into the tunnel by a locomotive. After the equipment bridge 1 enters the tunnel, the front end of the equipment bridge 1 is fixed to the tunnel floor, and the connection with the segment car is cut off. The length of the equipment bridge 1 is 12.7m, which is greater than the wellhead length. Therefore, it is also necessary to adopt the following method: Figure 1 In the inclined lowering method shown, the crawler crane main and auxiliary hooks cooperate to tilt the equipment bridge 1 40° before lifting.

[0066] 2.3 Screw conveyor hoisting down the well:

[0067] After the equipment bridge 1 is fixed, the segment car is pushed out, and sleepers are placed on the segment car to prepare for receiving the screw conveyor 7. The length of the screw conveyor 7 is 12.7m, and the wellhead length is 11.75m. When the screw conveyor 7 is hoisted down the well, the main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane need to be coordinated to tilt the screw conveyor 7 by 40° before hoisting. After going down the well, the screw conveyor 7 is placed on the sleepers on the segment car and fixed to the segment car, and then pulled into the equipment bridge 1 and the 1# trailer by a locomotive or a hand-pulled fall chain for temporary storage, specifically at the tail of the starting platform, away from the tunnel gate.

[0068] 2.4 Shield body turning over:

[0069] Because the shields are placed horizontally on flatbed trucks for transportation, or temporarily piled horizontally on the ground, the shields need to be erected before being hoisted down the well, and then hoisted into place. Therefore, a crane is needed to turn the shields over. After the crane hoists the components steadily from the transport vehicle to the ground, the crane's built-in forehead auxiliary arm main and auxiliary hook lifting method is needed to turn the components over for hoisting. See the turning process of the components in Figure 2 The turning process is as follows: First, the crawler crane main and auxiliary hooks use four 6×37-Ф84mm steel wire ropes and four 55t shackles to lift the component in a balanced manner. Second, when the component is lifted to a height of 3m~5m, the auxiliary hook holding the component is slowly lowered to allow the component to droop naturally. Third, the auxiliary hook continues to slowly lower until the main hook completely holds the component and the component is vertical, the auxiliary hook is unhooked to take the steel wire rope, and the turning of the component is completed.

[0070] 2.5 Zhongdun hoisting down into the well:

[0071] After the shield body is turned over and put into place, clear the ground and underground personnel within the turning radius, and put the middle shield 3 into place by actions such as lifting the hook, turning, loosening the hook, and changing the amplitude. During the entire lifting process, the lifting amplitude must be controlled within the allowable range, and the lifting radius is controlled within 10m.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, four steel wire ropes with a length of 6m and a diameter of 84mm are hung on the four lifting ears welded on the outside of the shield body by the main hook of a 300t crawler crane. At this time, the four steel wire ropes of the 300t crawler crane are under stress. After the shield body is perpendicular to the ground, a trial lifting is conducted for 15min~20min. At the same time, the lifting ears, steel wire ropes, ground, etc. are observed to be normal. Then the middle shield 3 is slowly lifted into the well. Safety is the first consideration when hoisting the shield machine. Considering that if the front shield 2 is hoisted first, the hoisting distance of the middle shield 3 will increase, and the safety risk will increase, the present invention does not adopt the order of hoisting the front shield 2 first; and requires that each component will be hoisted as close to the crawler crane as possible when it is lowered into the well, so that the hoisting radius is small; when the middle shield 3 is lowered into the well, the distance between the crawler crane's hoisting rope and the center of the 300t crawler is about 10m; after the middle shield 3 is lowered into the well and placed stably on the starting platform, the push ear seat is welded, and the shield body push cylinder is used to push the middle shield 3 backwards to ensure that there is a distance of 4100mm between the middle shield 3 and the edge of the shaft. The shield body push cylinder uses two 200t hydraulic jacks, the telescopic end of the shield body push cylinder is pressed on the push ear seat, and the shield body push cylinder base is welded to the side of the starting platform track.

[0073] When the middle shield 3 is lowered into the well, its placement and direction are strictly controlled to ensure that its center line is consistent with the design requirements and accuracy is guaranteed; after the subsequent front shield 2 and tail shield 4 are lowered into the well, they only need to be connected and installed with the middle shield 3 to ensure the accuracy of the starting position of the shield machine.

[0074] 2.6 Front shield 2 is hoisted down into the well:

[0075] Use the crawler crane main hook and auxiliary hook to turn the front shield 2 on the ground (refer to 2.4 Shield Turning for the turning process), and then hoist it down into the well. Figure 4 Install the connecting bolts and seals of the middle shield 3 and the front shield 2 in the hoisting state shown, and tighten the four corners with a pneumatic wrench and then release the hook of the crane. After the front shield 2 is placed stably on the starting platform, install the shield seal in the sealing groove and apply flat sealant on the sealing surface. Move the shield push cylinder to the other side of the push ear seat, push the middle shield 3 to fully match the front shield 2, insert the connecting bolts, and tighten and fix it according to the torque. After the front shield 2 and the middle shield 3 are fixed, push the whole forward to the entrance of the tunnel.

[0076] 2.7 Assembly machine hoisted down the well:

[0077] After the connection between the middle and front shields 2 is completed, the assembly machine 6 is installed. Four 6×37-Ф84mm steel wire ropes are hung on the big hook. Four bow-shaped 17t shackles are respectively tied to the four heads of the steel wire ropes. Two of the shackles are clamped to the front lifting ears of the segment assembly machine 6. The two rear lifting points are tied to the cantilever with short steel wire ropes and connected to the clamps and limited. The crane is lifted and slewed to the wellhead. The crane arm is 22m long and the lifting radius is controlled within 15m. Then slowly loosen the hook to lower the segment assembly machine 6 into the well, tie two cable wind ropes to put it in place, cooperate with the installation personnel to align the assembly machine 6 with the middle body bolt hole and connect it with bolts. After the installation personnel tighten the connecting bolts, loosen the hook to remove the clamp, and the installation of the assembly machine 6 is completed. The process of hoisting the assembly machine 6 into the well is as follows: Figure 5 shown.

[0078] 2.8 Tail shield 4 is hoisted down into the well:

[0079] The turning over of the tail shield 4 is the same as that of the middle front shield 2. After the turning over is completed, four 6×37-Ф84mm steel wire ropes are hung on the large hook, and four 55-inch bow-shaped shackles are respectively connected to the four welded lifting ears. The small hook is hung on the side lifting ears to tilt the shield body down, and after hanging down, it avoids the assembler 6 and buckles in obliquely. After the tail shield 4 is erected, the crawler lifting radius is controlled within 15m, and the crane arm length is 22m. The tail shield 4 is lowered by rotating, changing the amplitude, and loosening the hook, and it is coordinated with the wind rope to be in place. The process of lifting the tail shield 4 down the well is as follows Figure 6 When the tail shield 4 is placed on the starting frame, a distance of about 1m (0.8m~1.2m) should be reserved between the tail shield 4 and the middle shield 3. Do not connect them first, and adjust according to the actual situation to reserve the auxiliary installation conditions at the front end of the screw conveyor 7.

[0080] 2.9 Screw conveyor 7 installation:

[0081] After pushing the tail shield 4 to the predetermined position by using the bottom of the shield body to push the oil cylinder, push the screw conveyor 7 into the shield body until there is no more space to push forward. Install the seal of the screw conveyor 7, apply sealant, use the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane to hang the main lifting lug of the screw conveyor 7, and pass the main hook wire rope through the gap between the middle shield 3 and the tail shield 4, and hold the screw conveyor 7 from the bottom of the screw conveyor 7. Loosen the hand winch that fixes the screw conveyor 7, and move the segment car after the screw conveyor 7 leaves the support. The main hook and the auxiliary hook together lift the screw conveyor 7 forward. When the main hook wire rope has no space to move forward, use two 10t hand chain hoists to hold the screw conveyor 7 and hang it on a lifting lug welded on the 3-meter beam of the middle shield and under the man warehouse. After holding the screw conveyor 7, move the main hook wire rope to the rear of the screw conveyor 7 to a suitable position (move the main hook wire rope to the rear of the screw conveyor 7 as much as possible according to the actual situation), loosen the hand chain hoist, and continue to lift the screw conveyor 7 forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and repeat this process many times. After the head of the screw conveyor 7 penetrates the screw conveyor 7 seat on the shield body, loosen the main hook wire rope and lift the screw conveyor 7 with the auxiliary hook. After the two processed surfaces are completely fitted, install the screw conveyor 7 tie rod, adjust the tie rod position, and tighten the screw conveyor 7 seat bolts. Finally, lift the segment car out. During the installation process of the auxiliary hook hoisting screw conveyor 7, two 5t hand chain hoists must be used to hold the screw conveyor 7 and fixed on the lifting lugs near the end of the segment machine to prevent the segment machine from swinging left and right. If necessary, the hand chain hoist can be used to make fine adjustments in the left and right directions. According to the actual engineering operation results, the construction period of the screw conveyor 7 is about 8 hours. Through the hoisting method of the screw conveyor 7 of the present invention, the safety of the hoisting is improved and the installation speed is faster. When installing the pull rod of the screw conveyor 7, the pull rod is shortened symmetrically first, and then extended in the opposite direction after the position is adjusted. Figure 7 , Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the installation process of the screw conveyor 7.

[0082] After the screw conveyor 7 is installed, apply sealant on the flange surface of the tail shield 4 and install the seal ring. Use the shield body push cylinder to push the front shield 2 and the middle shield 3 backward until they match the tail shield 4. After they are fully matched, install the fixing bolts to fix them.

[0083] 2.10 Cutterhead hoisting and lowering into the well:

[0084] After the tail shield 4 is connected to the middle shield 3, the front shield 2, middle shield 3 and tail shield 4 are pushed back together to 2 places away from the front edge of the starting well (the wellhead size of the shield hoisting well is 11.75×7.2m, the outer size of the cutterhead is 6.4m×6.4m×1.7m, and when the cutterhead is installed, the front edge of the front shield 2 is 2m away from the wellhead edge, and the tail shield 4 is 0.84m away from the rear edge of the wellhead). The main hook and auxiliary hook of the crawler crane are used to turn over the cutterhead 5 on the ground. The two hooks are lifted together, and when the cutterhead 5 is lifted to 500mm from the ground, the main hook rises and the auxiliary hook slowly descends. The two hooks cooperate to complete the turning of the cutterhead 5. After turning over, cut off the two turning ears at the bottom of the cutterhead 5 on the ground, and install two cutterhead 5 seals. Hoist it down to the well. After all six positioning pins are inserted into the pin holes, install the bolts connecting the cutterhead 5 and the main drive, and after tightening the 8 connecting bolts, the crane releases the hook. Fig. 9 This is the elevation view of the cutter head 5 hoisting.

[0085] After the shield is assembled in the well, the equipment bridge 1 is connected to the 6 assembling machines in the tail shield 4; the connection between the equipment bridge 1 and the tail end is a latch type, and there are two towing cylinders on the left and right sides of the front end of the equipment bridge 1. The front end of the towing cylinder is connected and fixed with the rear end of the 6 assembling machines by latches. The preparation for the start of the entire shield machine can be briefly described as follows: before the shield arrives at the site, the end soil is reinforced; secondly, the rear supporting equipment is towed into the starting well and assembled; the main machine is assembled again and connected to the rear supporting trailer to complete the debugging of the shield machine, and the installation and debugging of the vertical transportation, horizontal transportation, pulping and other systems are completed at the same time. During the above work, cross-operation can be carried out to complete the sealing of the tunnel door, and finally the reaction force support is completed and the negative ring segment is assembled to form the shield starting state. When the excavation starts, the soil compartment pressure should be gradually established to control the surface settlement. Start directly after the bracket, reaction frame and shield machine are in place.

[0086] Since the starting shaft is relatively narrow, and in order to ensure that the shield body has a safe distance of at least 3.6m from the edge of the shaft when it is at the bottom, it is necessary to use the shield body pushing cylinder to push the shield body on the starting platform to make room for the next shield body; the present invention reasonably arranges the sequence of the shield bodies going down into the shaft, so that in the whole process, the shield body pushing cylinder pushes 5 times and changes direction twice; the present invention translates the shield body on the starting platform, and on the basis of ensuring the position accuracy, reduces the number and length of translation of the shield body on the starting platform; the process of translating the shield body has only two reversals of the pushing direction of the shield body pushing cylinder, which improves the simplicity of the shield body translation operation.

[0087] Since the starting shaft is relatively narrow, the screw conveyor 7 needs to be lowered into the shaft before the shield bodies of the shield machine; when installing the screw conveyor 7, the main hook and auxiliary hook of the crawler crane work together with two 10T hand winches and two 5T hand winches; the installation process of the screw conveyor 7 is briefly described as follows: first, use the auxiliary hook to hook the screw conveyor 7, and the main hook uses a wire rope to hold the screw conveyor 7, and the two together lift the screw conveyor 7 and move it forward to the limit; then use the 10T hand winch and auxiliary hook to lift the screw conveyor 7, and take this opportunity to pull the main hook wire rope to the screw conveyor 7 The tail is moved, and then the 10T hand chain hoist is released to return to the state where the main hook and the auxiliary hook lift the screw conveyor 7; the main hook and the auxiliary hook lift the screw conveyor 7 together and move it forward to the limit; this is repeated several times, and the screw conveyor 7 can be adjusted to the installation position; using this method, the main hook and the auxiliary hook lift the screw conveyor 7 and move it forward to the limit, and when the main hook wire rope is moved at the same time, the wire moves backward to the limit, so that the screw conveyor 7 can be adjusted to the installation position with as few adjustments as possible, which saves operations and improves the installation efficiency of the screw conveyor 7;

[0088] The present invention can be used for hoisting and lowering shield machines under narrow starting shaft conditions. By reasonably designing the lowering and installation sequence of each component, the process is reduced, the hoisting efficiency is improved, and the construction period can be reduced. The installation of the crawler crane of the present invention requires a 50t truck crane, but in the installation process of the shield machine assembly and the subsequent matching large machinery, there is only one 300T crawler crane, which effectively reduces the potential safety hazards on site.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the pending claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 300t crawler crane is in place; Lift the trailer, equipment bridge and screw conveyor into the launching well in sequence; connect the trailer and equipment bridge on the receiving rail; temporarily fix the screw conveyor on the segment vehicle; The middle shield, front shield and assembly machine are lowered into the well and installed in sequence; then the tail shield is hoisted down into the well, the screw conveyor is installed, the tail shield is installed and the cutter head is hoisted down into the well; Hoisting and lowering the middle shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the middle shield over and lower it into the well; After the middle shield is lowered into the well and placed stably on the starting platform, fix the push lugs on the middle shield and use the shield body pushing cylinder to push the middle shield backwards; Hoisting and lowering the front shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the front shield over and lower it into the well; after the front shield is lowered into the well and placed stably on the starting platform, the shield body pushing cylinder moves to the other side of the push ear seat to push the middle shield forward; when the middle shield is pushed to fully match the front shield, connect the front shield and the middle shield, and then the shield body pushing cylinder pushes the assembled front shield and the middle shield forward to the tunnel entrance; Lifting the assembling machine down the well: Use a crawler crane to lift the assembling machine down the well and install it; Hoisting and lowering the tail shield into the well: Use a crawler crane to turn the tail shield over and lower it into the well; when the tail shield is placed on the starting frame, a distance of 0.8m~1.5m must be reserved between it and the middle shield to reserve auxiliary installation conditions for the front end of the screw conveyor; Installation of screw conveyor: Use the segment car to push the screw conveyor into the shield body, hang the auxiliary hook of the crawler crane on the main lifting lug of the head of the screw conveyor, and hang the wire rope of the main hook of the crawler crane through the gap between the middle shield and the tail shield to hold the screw conveyor from the bottom of the screw conveyor; lift the screw conveyor and move it forward to the limit by the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and then lift the tail of the screw conveyor with a 10t hand chain hoist, and move the main hook wire rope backward; loosen the 10t hand chain hoist, and continue to lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and repeat this process many times until the screw conveyor is adjusted in place; install the screw conveyor; then use the shield body pushing cylinder to push the front shield and the middle shield backward to match the tail shield, and connect the tail shield with the middle shield; The cutterhead is hoisted and lowered into the well: the shield-pushing cylinder pushes the front shield, middle shield and tail shield backwards together; the cutterhead is turned over and lowered into the well by a crawler crane and installed.

2. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the installation steps of the screw conveyor, first, use the segment car to push the screw conveyor into the shield body until there is no room to push it forward; after removing the segment car, lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook. When there is no room for the main hook wire rope to move forward, use two 10t hand winches that are pre-hung on the M-beam and the man warehouse to hold the screw conveyor; then move the main hook wire rope to the rear of the screw conveyor, then loosen the 10t hand winch, and continue to lift the screw conveyor forward with the main hook and the auxiliary hook, and repeat this many times; until the head of the screw conveyor passes through the screw conveyor seat on the shield body, loosen the main hook wire rope, and lift the screw conveyor with the auxiliary hook.

3. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the installation process of the screw conveyor, two 5t hand hoists are used to pull the screw conveyor from the left and right directions to prevent it from swinging. The 5t hand hoists are fixed on the lifting ears of the segment machine.

4. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the trailer is hoisted into the well, the trailer remains stationary, and the crawler crane first lifts the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame; after the air duct, belt conveyor and belt frame are installed, the crawler crane lifts the trailer and suspends it in mid-air, and installs the wheels after it is stable; then the crawler crane lowers the trailer into the well and places it on the receiving guide rail, which is then pulled into the station by the locomotive, completing the lowering of one trailer into the well; this cycle is repeated for 5 trailers, and the order of trailer entry is 6# trailer → 5# trailer → 4# trailer → 3# trailer → 2# trailer → 1# trailer; when the trailer length exceeds the wellhead length, the crawler crane's main and auxiliary hooks must be used to tilt the trailer 40° before hoisting.

5. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The equipment bridge is hoisted by lowering it into the well at an angle. After the equipment bridge is lowered into the well, the crawler crane does not release the hook and connects the equipment bridge to the 1# trailer. The front end of the equipment bridge is supported on the segment car with a steel frame and welded and fixed, and then towed into the tunnel by a locomotive. After the equipment bridge enters the tunnel, the front end of the equipment bridge is fixed on the tunnel floor and the connection with the segment car is cut off.

6. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Place sleepers on the segment car; the main and auxiliary hooks of the crawler crane cooperate to tilt the screw conveyor 40° and then lift it into the well. After the screw conveyor is lowered into the well, it is placed on the sleepers on the segment car and fixed together with the segment car, and then towed into the tunnel by a locomotive.

7. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the middle shield is hoisted down the shaft, the shield-pushing cylinder is used to push the middle shield backwards to ensure that a distance of 4000mm to 4500mm is left between the middle shield and the edge of the shaft; the shield-pushing cylinder uses two 200t hydraulic jacks.

8. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the tail shield is placed on the starting frame, a distance of 0.8m~1.2m must be reserved between it and the middle shield.

9. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the cutter disc is in place, the shield pushing cylinder pushes the front shield, middle shield and tail shield backward as a whole to 2m away from the front edge of the starting well.

10. The method for hoisting a narrow shaft shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the arrival of the shield machine, the soil at the lifting end is reinforced; the section end is reinforced by deep hole grouting at the portal, and the soil layer is reinforced by deep hole grouting inside the tunnel; a reinforced concrete lifting platform is constructed on the ground, and the lifting platform is cast with C30 concrete with a thickness of 30cm; before the lifting construction, a 20mm steel plate is laid on the lifting platform of the shield machine.

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