Fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling strengthening of crops and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and discloses a fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling strengthening of crops and a preparation method of the fertilizer. According to the invention, nutrients required by rooting can be continuously provided in the rooting stage of crops so as to promote roots and strengthen seedlings, and the growth ability of the roots and seedlings is effectively improved by matching with the time of the rooting stage of plants; according to the present invention, the components can achieve effects of mutual promotion and synergistic interaction, such that the rapid growth of different planted plants, different cultivation modes and different types of root systems of the same crop can be promoted so as to improve the yield of the crop, such that the yield of the crop can be improved, and the yield of the crop can be improved. The fertilizer has remarkable effects on growth and development, yield and quality of planted plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a fertilizer for promoting rooting and strong seedlings of crops and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural planting requires the consumption of huge amounts of fertilizers. Therefore, my country is also one of the countries that produces and consumes fertilizers, and is at the forefront of the world in terms of total usage and total production. However, in actual agricultural production, due to the combined influence of the nature of fertilizers and environmental factors, there is a widespread problem of low fertilizer utilization.

[0003] Soil is the largest source of nutrients for crops to maintain normal metabolism and basic growth and development. However, as crops are harvested and nutrients are taken away, the effective nutrients that the soil can provide to crops are far from meeting the growth needs of the crops themselves. This requires additional nutrients to be supplemented, that is, fertilizing the crops. The fertilizer must be dissolved in water before it can be directly absorbed by the crops. Ordinary fertilizers have poor solubility and low utilization rate, forcing farmers to increase the amount of fertilizer applied. Excessive application not only causes a waste of fertilizers, but also causes problems such as reduced soil quality, poor crop growth and environmental pollution.

[0004] Moreover, in the existing technology, although traditional fertilizers can promote crop growth, the effect is limited and the quality of crops cannot be guaranteed. Some fertilizers will cause a great burden on the land after use, resulting in a decrease in its fertility or even inability to cultivate. Fertilizers that promote crop rooting are functional fertilizers and need to be further applied. However, functional fertilizers still contain basic fertilizers, which invisibly increases the amount of fertilizer applied, further causing fertilizer abuse.

[0005] Therefore, a fertilizer for promoting rooting and strong seedlings of crops and a preparation method thereof are needed to solve the above-described problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fertilizer for promoting rooting and strong seedlings of crops and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the above problems.

[0007] The scheme of the present invention is A fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops, comprising a resin outer coating material, an adhesion layer, an inner coating material containing seaweed and a core fertilizer; the core fertilizer is coated with the inner coating material containing seaweed, the outer surface of the inner coating material containing seaweed is coated with the adhesion layer, the outer surface of the adhesion layer is coated with an outer slow-release layer, and the adhesion layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Polyvinyl alcohol 0.5-1 part; 0.5-1 part corn starch; Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.05-0.1 part; 0.05-0.1 part of dicyandiamide powder; Manganese sulfate 0.01-0.05 parts; Chitosan oligosaccharide 0.03-0.06 part; Plant hormone 0.05-0.2 parts; 0.5-0.8 parts of boric acid; 20-50 parts of functionalized biochar carrier; 1 to 1.5 parts of root-promoting bacteria agent; 10-20 parts of mineral source humic acid; 4-6 parts of urea; 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 0.0025-0.005 parts of sycamore leaf extract; 0.001-0.002 parts of fermented Ligustrum lucidum leaves; 150-200 parts of water.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the plant hormones include auxin, gibberellins, ethephon and chlormequat, and the mass ratio of the auxin, gibberellins, ethephon and chlormequat is 0.01-2.5:0.01-2.5:1-5:1-10; the effective live bacteria count of the root-promoting bacteria agent is ≥1 billion / gram, and it is a mixture of the tertiary fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1-2:1.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the core fertilizer includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: Trace elements 0.02-0.1 parts; 12-20 parts of potassium sulfate; 15-25 parts of urea; 5-14 parts of monoammonium phosphate; 6-9 parts of charcoal-based fertilizer; Calcium carbonate 2-4 parts; 10-15 parts of humic acid.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the trace elements include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01-0.05 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.1-0.3 parts of iron sulfate; 0.2-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate; 0.3-0.5 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.01-0.05 parts of ammonium molybdate; Selenium sulfite 0.01-0.1 parts.

[0011] The present invention also discloses a method for preparing a fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops, comprising the following steps: 1) Preparation of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product: After washing and drying, the Ligustrum lucidum leaf is crushed, placed in an extraction kettle containing 1L supercritical carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 30L / h, extracted at 30°C and 30MPa for 2h, and excess liquid phase is removed to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract; the Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract is added to a fermentation medium, then inoculated with 1vol% lactic acid bacteria and fermented at 25-35°C for 120h, sterilized, and the obtained mixture is centrifuged in a centrifuge at 3000r / min for 2h, the liquid phase is taken out and dried at 60°C, the dried product is crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product for use; 2) Preparation of sycamore leaf extract: the sycamore leaves are washed, air-dried, crushed, and passed through 100 meshes, deionized water is added to the sycamore leaves to make the mass concentration 200 g / L, and the leaves are left standing for 4 days, shaken 4 to 5 times a day, filtered, and the filtrate is sent to a membrane distillation concentration device for concentration to obtain a concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is sent to a low-temperature vacuum drying device for drying to obtain a sycamore leaf extract, and finally the sycamore leaf extract is crushed to 100 meshes to obtain a sycamore leaf extract for use; 3) 0.02-0.1 parts by weight of trace elements, 12-20 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 5-14 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 6-9 parts by weight of carbon-based fertilizer, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium carbonate and 10-15 parts by weight of humic acid are mixed, and then the mixture and 15-25 parts by weight of urea are added to a coating machine for heating and melting by blasting, and the temperature is reduced to granulate to obtain fertilizer particles, and a solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles through a spraying device to obtain a controlled-release fertilizer containing an inner layer coating of a seaweed core, wherein the solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed accounts for 0.6% of the mass of the fertilizer particles; 4) 0.5-1 weight part of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5-1 weight part of corn starch; 0.05-0.1 weight part of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.05-0.1 weight part of dicyandiamide powder, 0.01-0.05 weight part of manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.06 weight part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.05-0.2 weight part of plant hormone, 0.5-0.8 weight part of boric acid, 10-20 weight parts of mineral source humic acid, 4-6 weight parts of urea, 2-3 weight parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.0025-0.005 weight part of sycamore leaf extract, 0.001-0.002 weight part of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product, 20-50 weight parts of functionalized biochar carrier and 150-200 weight parts of water. The mixture is mixed and stirred in a high-speed mixer for 20 to 30 minutes at a reaction temperature of 90° C. and a mixer speed of 100 r / min. An adhesion layer solution is prepared and transferred to a liquid storage tank connected to an air pump. The seaweed core inner layer coated controlled-release fertilizer is loaded into a disc granulator with a heating function, preheated at 60° C., and the fertilizer surface is rotated and planed for 6 to 8 minutes. The adhesion layer solution is sprayed on the fertilizer surface every 2 minutes through an air pump for 40 minutes. The weight of the spraying thickness is 10% of the total weight of the seaweed core inner layer coated controlled-release fertilizer. The particles are cooled and packaged to obtain degradable slow-release particles. 1 to 1.5 parts by weight of a root-promoting bacterial agent is sprinkled into the degradable slow-release particles. After mixing, the particles are coated with a 2% resin outer layer coating material to promote the rooting and growth of crops.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the trace elements include a mixture of copper sulfate pentahydrate, iron sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and selenium sulfite.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, in step 4), 0.003 parts by weight of sycamore leaf extract is used.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the solution containing the seaweed inner layer coating material in step 3) is a mixed solution of itaconic acid liquid copolymer and seaweed extract.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the preparation method of the functionalized biochar carrier is: S1. The corn cob core with corn kernels removed is polished and crushed into particles with a diameter of 0.5 to 2 cm. The crushed cotton straw is placed in a biomass gasifier for anaerobic pyrolysis. The temperature is raised to a carbonization temperature at a heating rate of 3 to 5°C / min. The carbonization temperature is controlled at 380 to 480°C for 2 to 5 hours. The carbonization time is cooled to room temperature to prepare biochar carrier particles. S2, functionalization treatment, the deashed biochar carrier particles are immersed in a citric acid solution, the mass concentration of the citric acid solution is 1-5wt%, the immersion time in the citric acid solution is 1-2h, after the citric acid treatment is completed, the particles are taken out and drained, and then hydrothermally treated in a pressure reactor containing a sea buckthorn root extract solution for 2-6h, the hydrothermal temperature is 180-220°C, cooled, and dried, the drying time is 10-24h, and the drying temperature is 80-90°C, to obtain a functionalized biochar carrier.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the preparation of seabuckthorn root extract solution is as follows: The dried seabuckthorn root is crushed and passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then soaked in 8-10 times the weight of a 75%-90% ethanol aqueous solution for 12-24 hours, and then extracted three times with an ultrasonic extractor, and the three extracts are fully mixed; the mixed extract is concentrated under reduced pressure until there is no alcohol taste, and then the concentrate is diluted with water at a volume ratio of 1:1, and centrifuged; the supernatant after the centrifugal treatment is diluted with 3-5 times the volume of water to obtain a seabuckthorn root extract solution, and the seabuckthorn root extract solution stimulates the growth of plant roots.

[0017] A fertilizer for promoting rooting and strong seedlings of crops and a preparation method thereof are adopted, comprising a resin outer coating material, an adhesion layer, an inner coating material containing seaweed and a core fertilizer; the core fertilizer is coated with the inner coating material containing seaweed, the outer surface of the inner coating material containing seaweed is coated with an adhesion layer, the outer surface of the adhesion layer is coated with an outer slow-release layer, and the adhesion layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 to 1 part of polyvinyl alcohol; 0.5 to 1 part of corn starch; hydroxyethyl 0.05-0.1 parts of cellulose; 0.05-0.1 parts of dicyandiamide powder; 0.01-0.05 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.03-0.06 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide; 0.05-0.2 parts of plant hormones; 0.5-0.8 parts of boric acid; 10-20 parts of mineral source humic acid; 4-6 parts of urea; 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 0.0025-0.005 parts of sycamore leaf extract; 0.001-0.002 parts of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product; 100 parts of water.

[0018] Advantages of the present invention: The invention provides the required nutrients through degradation and slow release of the attachment layer in the initial rooting stage of planting, thereby maintaining a slow release of 10 to 20 days, promoting root growth and strengthening seedlings, and can match the time of the plant rooting stage, effectively improving the root growth of seedlings. In the subsequent growth, after 60 days, the core fertilizer is slow-released and the slow release time is maintained for 60 to 90 days.

[0019] The fertilizer of the present invention not only contributes to the rapid growth of adventitious roots and lateral roots of planted plants, but also contributes to the growth of main roots of crops. The various components can promote each other and synergize to enhance synergy, and can promote the rapid growth of roots of different planted plants, different cultivation methods and different types of roots of the same crop. It can more effectively promote the development of the root system of the plant, vigorous growth, and promote the efficient absorption of nutrients by crops.

[0020] The invention has a significant effect on the growth, development, yield and quality of planted plants.

[0021] The combination of sycamore leaf extract and privet leaf fermentation can promote plant seed germination and root growth. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0023] 2% resin outer coating material method: Spraying the resin outer coating material on the surface at 2% of the total weight of the particles; the resin outer coating material includes starch coating liquid and curing agent; the starch coating liquid and curing agent account for 30-67% and 33-70% of the weight of the coating material respectively; the starch coating liquid includes starch, liquefying agent and catalyst; The starch is cassava starch; the liquefier is propylene carbonate; the catalyst is phosphoric acid; and the curing agent is a mixture of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate.

[0024] Preparation of solution containing seaweed inner layer coating material: Itaconic acid (IA), maleic acid (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) monomers were weighed according to the mass ratio of n(IA):n(MA):(AA)=2:1:2, and the itaconic acid monomer was semi-neutralized with an alkaline solution of NaOH. The amount of NaOH was calculated based on the carboxyl content, and the monomer was semi-neutralized with 1 / 2 molar amount of carboxyl NaOH.

[0025] Add maleic acid and treated itaconic acid to a wide-mouth flask, add water to dissolve (add deionized water 4 times the total weight of the monomer), pass nitrogen to remove oxygen in the flask, heat and stir until the monomer is completely dissolved. Continue to heat to 80°C, then uniformly add the prepared initiator ((NH4)2S2O8 solution with a mass concentration of 25%) and acrylic acid to the reactor, and continue the dripping time for 30 minutes; After the initiator and acrylic acid are added dropwise, the reaction is kept warm for 6 hours, and then the heating and stirring are stopped, and the temperature is cooled to obtain an itaconic acid liquid copolymer.

[0026] The seaweed extract (prepared according to the method of Example 1 in invention patent ZL202111046278.9) is evenly mixed with the itaconic acid liquid copolymer (400 mg of seaweed extract is added per 1 kg of itaconic acid liquid copolymer) to obtain a seaweed inner layer coating material. Embodiment 1:

[0027] 1) Preparation of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product: After washing and drying, the Ligustrum lucidum leaf is crushed, placed in an extraction kettle containing 1L supercritical carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 30L / h, extracted at 30°C and 30MPa for 2h, and excess liquid phase is removed to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract; the Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract is added to a fermentation medium, then inoculated with 1vol% lactic acid bacteria and fermented at 25°C for 120h, sterilized, and the obtained mixture is centrifuged in a centrifuge at 3000r / min for 2h, the liquid phase is taken out and dried at 60°C, the dried product is crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product for use; 2) Preparation of sycamore leaf extract: the sycamore leaves are washed, air-dried, crushed, and passed through 100 meshes, deionized water is added to the sycamore leaves to make the mass concentration 200 g / L, and the leaves are left standing for 4 days, shaken 4 times a day, filtered, and the filtrate is sent to a membrane distillation concentration device for concentration to obtain a concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is sent to a low-temperature vacuum drying device for drying to obtain a sycamore leaf extract, and finally the sycamore leaf extract is crushed to 100 meshes to obtain a sycamore leaf extract for use; 3) 0.02 parts by weight of trace elements, 12 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 5 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 6 parts by weight of carbon-based fertilizer, 2 parts by weight of calcium carbonate and 10 parts by weight of humic acid are mixed, and then the mixture and 15 parts by weight of urea are added to a coating machine for heating and melting by blasting, and the temperature is reduced to granulate to obtain fertilizer particles, and a solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles by a spraying device to obtain a controlled-release fertilizer containing an inner layer coating of a seaweed core, wherein the solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed accounts for 0.6% of the mass of the fertilizer particles; 4) 0.5 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.5 parts by weight of corn starch; 0.05 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.05 parts by weight of dicyandiamide powder, 0.01 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 0.03 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.05 parts by weight of plant hormone, 0.5 parts by weight of boric acid, 10 parts by weight of mineral source humic acid, 4 parts by weight of urea, 2 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.0025 parts by weight of sycamore leaf extract, 0.001 parts by weight of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product, 20 parts by weight of functionalized biochar carrier and 150 parts by weight of water were mixed, stirred in a high-speed mixer for 20 to 30 minutes, the reaction temperature was 90° C., the mixer speed was 100 r / min, and the adhesion layer solution was prepared and transferred to a liquid storage tank connected to an air pump; 100 kg of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer is loaded into a disc granulator with a heating function, preheated at 60° C., and the fertilizer surface is rotated and planed for 6 to 8 minutes; the attachment layer solution is sprayed on the fertilizer surface every 2 minutes through an air pump, the spraying time is 40 minutes, the weight of the spraying thickness is 10% of the total weight of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer, cooled and packaged to obtain degradable slow-release particles, 1 weight portion of root-promoting bacteria agent is sprinkled into the degradable slow-release particles, after mixing, it is coated with 2% resin outer layer coating material to promote crop rooting and seedling growth.

[0028] The plant hormones include auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat, and the mass ratio of the auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat is 0.01-2.5:0.01-2.5:1-5:1-10.

[0029] The trace elements include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.1 parts of iron sulfate; 0.2 parts of zinc sulfate; 0.3 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.01 parts of ammonium molybdate; and 0.01 parts of selenium sulfite.

[0030] The root-promoting bacteria agent has an effective live bacteria count of ≥1 billion / gram, and is prepared by mixing the tertiary fermentation liquid of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0031] The preparation method of the functionalized biochar carrier is as follows: S1. The corn cob core with corn kernels removed was polished and crushed into particles with a diameter of 0.5 cm. The crushed cotton straw was placed in a biomass gasifier for anaerobic pyrolysis. The temperature was raised to the carbonization temperature at a heating rate of 3°C / min, the carbonization temperature was controlled at 380°C, the carbonization time was 2h, and the particles were cooled to room temperature to prepare biochar carrier particles. S2, functionalization treatment, the biochar carrier particles after ash removal are immersed in a citric acid solution, the mass concentration of the citric acid solution is 1wt%, the immersion time in the citric acid solution is 1h. After the citric acid treatment is completed, the particles are taken out and drained, and then hydrothermally treated in a pressure reactor containing a sea buckthorn root extract solution for 2h at a hydrothermal temperature of 180°C, cooled, and dried for 10h at a drying temperature of 80°C to obtain a functionalized biochar carrier.

[0032] The preparation of sea buckthorn root extract solution is as follows: The dried seabuckthorn root is crushed and passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then soaked in 8-10 times the weight of a 75% ethanol aqueous solution for 12 hours, and then extracted three times with an ultrasonic extractor, and the three extracts are fully mixed; the mixed extract is concentrated under reduced pressure until there is no alcohol taste, and then the concentrate is diluted with water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and centrifuged; the supernatant after centrifugation is diluted with 3 times the volume of water to obtain a seabuckthorn root extract solution. Embodiment 2:

[0033] 1) Preparation of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product: After washing and drying, the Ligustrum lucidum leaf is crushed, placed in an extraction kettle containing 1L supercritical carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 30L / h, extracted at 30°C and 30MPa for 2h, and excess liquid phase is removed to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract; the Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract is added to a fermentation medium, then inoculated with 1vol% lactic acid bacteria and fermented at 35°C for 120h, sterilized, and the obtained mixture is centrifuged in a centrifuge at 3000r / min for 2h, the liquid phase is taken out and dried at 60°C, the dried product is crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product for use; 2) Preparation of sycamore leaf extract: the sycamore leaves are washed, air-dried, crushed, and passed through 100 meshes, deionized water is added to the sycamore leaves to make the mass concentration 200 g / L, and the leaves are left standing for 4 days, shaken 5 times a day, filtered, and the filtrate is sent to a membrane distillation concentration device for concentration to obtain a concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is sent to a low-temperature vacuum drying device for drying to obtain a sycamore leaf extract, and finally the sycamore leaf extract is crushed to 100 meshes to obtain a sycamore leaf extract for use; 3) 0.1 parts by weight of trace elements, 20 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 14 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 9 parts by weight of carbon-based fertilizer, 4 parts by weight of calcium carbonate and 15 parts by weight of humic acid are mixed, and then the mixture and 25 parts by weight of urea are added to a coating machine for heating and melting by blasting, and the temperature is reduced to granulate to obtain fertilizer particles, and a solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles by a spraying device to obtain a controlled-release fertilizer containing an inner layer coating of a seaweed core, wherein the solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed accounts for 0.6% of the mass of the fertilizer particles; 4) 1 part by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part by weight of corn starch; 0.1 part by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.1 part by weight of dicyandiamide powder, 0.05 part by weight of manganese sulfate, 0.06 part by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2 part by weight of plant hormone, 0.8 part by weight of boric acid, 20 parts by weight of mineral source humic acid, 6 parts by weight of urea, 3 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.005 parts by weight of sycamore leaf extract, 0.002 parts by weight of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product, 50 parts by weight of functionalized biochar carrier and 200 parts by weight of water were mixed, stirred in a high-speed mixer for 30 minutes, the reaction temperature was 90°C, the mixer speed was 100 r / min, and the adhesion layer solution was prepared and transferred to a liquid storage tank connected to an air pump; 100 kg of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer is loaded into a disc granulator with a heating function, preheated at 60° C., and the fertilizer surface is rotated and planed for 8 minutes; the attachment layer solution is sprayed on the fertilizer surface every 2 minutes through an air pump, the spraying time is 40 minutes, the weight of the spraying thickness is 10% of the total weight of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer, cooled and packaged to obtain degradable slow-release particles, 1.5 parts by weight of a root-promoting bacterial agent is sprinkled into the degradable slow-release particles, and after mixing, 2% of the resin outer layer coating material is coated to obtain a fertilizer that promotes crop rooting and seedling growth.

[0034] The plant hormones include auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat, and the mass ratio of the auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat is 0.01-2.5:0.01-2.5:1-5:1-10.

[0035] The trace elements include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.05 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.3 parts of iron sulfate; 0.5 parts of zinc sulfate; 0.5 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.05 parts of ammonium molybdate; and 0.1 parts of selenium sulfite.

[0036] The root-promoting bacteria agent has an effective live bacteria count of ≥1 billion / gram, and is prepared by mixing the tertiary fermentation liquid of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0037] The preparation method of the functionalized biochar carrier is as follows: S1. The corn cob core with corn kernels removed was polished and crushed into particles with a diameter of 2 cm. The crushed cotton straw was placed in a biomass gasifier for anaerobic pyrolysis. The temperature was raised to the carbonization temperature at a heating rate of 5°C / min, the carbonization temperature was controlled at 480°C, the carbonization time was 5h, and the particles were cooled to room temperature to prepare biochar carrier particles. S2, functionalization treatment, the biochar carrier particles after ash removal are immersed in a citric acid solution, the mass concentration of the citric acid solution is 5wt%, the immersion time in the citric acid solution is 2h, after the citric acid treatment is completed, the particles are taken out and drained, and then hydrothermally treated in a pressure reactor containing a sea buckthorn root extract solution for 6h, the hydrothermal temperature is 220°C, cooled, and dried, the drying time is 24h, and the drying temperature is 90°C, to obtain a functionalized biochar carrier.

[0038] As a preferred technical solution, the preparation of seabuckthorn root extract solution is as follows: The dried seabuckthorn root is crushed and passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then soaked in a 90% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume of 10 times the weight for 24 hours, and then extracted three times with an ultrasonic extractor, and the three extracts are fully mixed; the mixed extract is concentrated under reduced pressure until there is no alcohol taste, and then the concentrate is diluted with water at a volume ratio of 1:1, and centrifuged; the supernatant after centrifugation is diluted with 5 times the volume of water to obtain a seabuckthorn root extract solution. Embodiment 3:

[0039] 1) Preparation of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product: After washing and drying, the Ligustrum lucidum leaf is crushed, placed in an extraction kettle containing 1L supercritical carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 30L / h, extracted at 30°C and 30MPa for 2h, and excess liquid phase is removed to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract; the Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract is added to a fermentation medium, then inoculated with 1vol% lactic acid bacteria and fermented at 35°C for 120h, sterilized, and the obtained mixture is centrifuged in a centrifuge at 3000r / min for 2h, the liquid phase is taken out and dried at 60°C, the dried product is crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product for use; 2) Preparation of sycamore leaf extract: the sycamore leaves are washed, air-dried, crushed, and passed through 100 meshes, deionized water is added to the sycamore leaves to make the mass concentration 200 g / L, and the leaves are left standing for 4 days, shaken 4 times a day, filtered, and the filtrate is sent to a membrane distillation concentration device for concentration to obtain a concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is sent to a low-temperature vacuum drying device for drying to obtain a sycamore leaf extract, and finally the sycamore leaf extract is crushed to 100 meshes to obtain a sycamore leaf extract for use; 3) 0.05 parts by weight of trace elements, 15 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 10 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 8 parts by weight of carbon-based fertilizer, 3 parts by weight of calcium carbonate and 12 parts by weight of humic acid are mixed, and then the mixture and 20 parts by weight of urea are added to a coating machine for heating and melting by blasting, and the temperature is reduced to granulate to obtain fertilizer particles, and a solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles by a spraying device to obtain a controlled-release fertilizer containing an inner layer coating of a seaweed core, wherein the solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed accounts for 0.6% of the mass of the fertilizer particles; 4) 0.8 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.8 parts by weight of corn starch; 0.1 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.1 parts by weight of dicyandiamide powder, 0.02 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 0.04 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.08 parts by weight of plant hormones, 0.8 parts by weight of boric acid, 12 parts by weight of mineral source humic acid, 5 parts by weight of urea, 3 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.003 parts by weight of sycamore leaf extract, 0.001 parts by weight of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product, 40 parts by weight of functionalized biochar carrier and 180 parts by weight of water were mixed, stirred in a high-speed mixer for 30 minutes, the reaction temperature was 90° C., the mixer speed was 100 r / min, and the adhesion layer solution was prepared and transferred to a liquid storage tank connected to an air pump; 100 kg of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer is loaded into a disc granulator with a heating function, preheated at 60° C., and the fertilizer surface is rotated and planed for 6 minutes; the attachment layer solution is sprayed on the fertilizer surface every 2 minutes through an air pump, the spraying time is 40 minutes, the weight of the spraying thickness is 10% of the total weight of the seaweed core inner-layer coated controlled-release fertilizer, cooled and packaged to obtain degradable slow-release particles, 1.2 parts by weight of a root-promoting bacterial agent is sprinkled into the degradable slow-release particles, and after mixing, 2% of a resin outer-layer coating material is coated to obtain a fertilizer that promotes rooting and seedling growth of crops.

[0040] The plant hormones include auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat, and the mass ratio of the auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat is 0.01-2.5:0.01-2.5:1-5:1-10.

[0041] The trace elements include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.02 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.2 parts of iron sulfate; 0.3 parts of zinc sulfate; 0.4 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.03 parts of ammonium molybdate; 0.05 parts of selenium sulfite.

[0042] The root-promoting bacteria agent has an effective live bacteria count of ≥1 billion / gram and is prepared by mixing the tertiary fermentation liquid of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1.5:1.

[0043] The preparation method of the functionalized biochar carrier is as follows: S1. The corn cob core with corn kernels removed was polished and crushed into particles with a diameter of 1 cm. The crushed cotton straw was placed in a biomass gasifier for anaerobic pyrolysis. The temperature was raised to the carbonization temperature at a heating rate of 4°C / min. The carbonization temperature was controlled at 450°C for 3 hours and cooled to room temperature to prepare biochar carrier particles. S2, functionalization treatment, the biochar carrier particles after ash removal are immersed in a citric acid solution, the mass concentration of the citric acid solution is 3wt%, the immersion time in the citric acid solution is 1h. After the citric acid treatment is completed, take out and drain, and then add sea buckthorn root extract solution to a pressure reactor for hydrothermal treatment for 3h, the hydrothermal temperature is 200°C, cool, and dry. The drying time is 20h and the drying temperature is 80°C to obtain a functionalized biochar carrier.

[0044] The preparation of sea buckthorn root extract solution is as follows: The dried seabuckthorn root is crushed and passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then soaked in 9 times the weight of 80% ethanol aqueous solution for 20 hours, and then extracted three times with an ultrasonic extractor, and the three extracts are fully mixed; the mixed extract is concentrated under reduced pressure until there is no alcohol taste, and then the concentrate is diluted with water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and centrifuged; the supernatant after centrifugation is diluted with 4 times the volume of water to obtain a seabuckthorn root extract solution.

[0045] The following experiments were conducted using the fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops in Example 3, Comparative Example 1 (Stanley, Sanan 20-26-8), Comparative Example 2 (the same as Example 3, except that it does not contain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product), Comparative Example 3 (the same as Example 3, except that it does not contain Sycamore leaf extract), Comparative Example 4 (the same as Example 3, except that only the seaweed core inner layer coating controlled-release fertilizer of Example 3 was used), and a blank example (no fertilizer was used).

[0046] Experiment 1 Root-promoting performance test 1: rapeseed (Fengyou 737) Test time and location: The test was carried out from April 20, 2017 to September 15, 2017 in the rapeseed demonstration area of ​​Huitong County, Huaihua City, Hunan Province. Dosage: Two days before rapeseed was planted, fertilizer was applied to the entire layer and all the bottom was applied into the soil. Example 3, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 were applied at 50 kg per mu; Comparative Example 1 was applied at 40 kg per mu; other management methods were the same, and the average growth indicators of the root system and the aboveground part of each rapeseed were measured, and the data were recorded in Table 1.

[0047] Table 1 Effects of different water-soluble fertilizers on the growth of potted rapeseed Fertilizer Type Average root dry weight per plant (g) Average number of leaves per plant Average aboveground fresh weight per plant (g) Average yield increase per plant (%) Example 3 6.04 12.73 246.5 35.07 Comparative Example 1 5.13 11.76 215.7 18.20 Comparative Example 2 5.76 11.94 228.3 25.10 Comparative Example 3 5.53 12.07 230.7 26.41 Comparative Example 4 5.29 11.58 220.5 20.82 Blank example 4.81 11.05 182.5 - Experiment 2 Fertilizer target and variety: Wheat (Jimai 22) Application amount; 3 days before planting, apply fertilizer to the whole layer and all the bottoms into the soil. Example 3, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, and Comparative Example 4 are applied at 50 kg per mu; Comparative Example 1 is applied at 40 kg per mu; Table 2 Effects of different fertilizers on wheat root system and yield Fertilizer Type Length of seed root (cm) Root dry weight (g) Yield per mu (kg) Increase in production ratio (%) Example 3 158.8 176.5g 538.5 10.44 Comparative Example 1 139.6 155.1g 508.6 4.31 Comparative Example 2 150.3 167.0g 522.7 7.20 Comparative Example 3 152.4 169.3g 529.5 8.59 Comparative Example 4 145.7 161.9g 512.3 5.07 Blank example 89.3 99.2 487.6 - The experimental results show that the yield of Example 3 is 538.5 kg per mu, which is 10.44% higher than that of the blank example, further proving that the present invention can increase yield and make seedlings thicker and stronger.

[0048] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops, characterized in that: It comprises a resin outer coating material, an adhesion layer, an inner coating material containing seaweed and a core fertilizer; the core fertilizer is coated with the inner coating material containing seaweed, the outer surface of the inner coating material containing seaweed is coated with an adhesion layer, the outer surface of the adhesion layer is coated with an outer slow-release layer, and the adhesion layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Polyvinyl alcohol 0.5-1 part; 0.5-1 part corn starch; Hydroxyethyl cellulose 0.05-0.1 part; 0.05-0.1 part of dicyandiamide powder; Manganese sulfate 0.01-0.05 parts; Chitosan oligosaccharide 0.03-0.06 part; Plant hormone 0.05-0.2 parts; 0.5-0.8 parts of boric acid; 20-50 parts of functionalized biochar carrier; 1 to 1.5 parts of root-promoting bacteria agent; 10-20 parts of mineral source humic acid; 4-6 parts of urea; 2-3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 0.0025-0.005 parts of sycamore leaf extract; 0.001-0.002 parts of fermented Ligustrum lucidum leaves; 150-200 parts of water.

2. A fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The plant hormones include auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat, and the mass ratio of the auxin, gibberellin, ethephon and chlormequat is 0.01-2.5:0.01-2.5:1-5:1-10; the effective live bacteria count of the root-promoting bacteria agent is ≥1 billion per gram, and the root-promoting bacteria agent is a mixture of the tertiary fermentation liquid of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1-2:

1.

3. A fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The core fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: Trace elements 0.02-0.1 parts; 12-20 parts of potassium sulfate; 15-25 parts of urea; 5-14 parts of monoammonium phosphate; 6-9 parts of charcoal-based fertilizer; Calcium carbonate 2-4 parts; 10-15 parts of humic acid.

4. A fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The trace elements include the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.01-0.05 parts of copper sulfate pentahydrate; 0.1-0.3 parts of iron sulfate; 0.2-0.5 parts of zinc sulfate; 0.3-0.5 parts of manganese sulfate; 0.01-0.05 parts of ammonium molybdate; Selenium sulfite 0.01-0.1 parts.

5. A method for preparing the fertilizer for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Preparation of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product: After washing and drying, the Ligustrum lucidum leaf is crushed, placed in an extraction kettle containing 1L supercritical carbon dioxide at a flow rate of 30L / h, extracted at 30°C and 30MPa for 2h, and excess liquid phase is removed to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract; the Ligustrum lucidum leaf extract is added to a fermentation medium, then inoculated with 1vol% lactic acid bacteria and fermented at 25-35°C for 120h, sterilized, and the obtained mixture is centrifuged in a centrifuge at 3000r / min for 2h, the liquid phase is taken out and dried at 60°C, the dried product is crushed, and passed through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product for use; 2) Preparation of sycamore leaf extract: the sycamore leaves are washed, air-dried, crushed, and passed through 100 meshes, deionized water is added to the sycamore leaves to make the mass concentration 200 g / L, and the leaves are left standing for 4 days, shaken 4 to 5 times a day, filtered, and the filtrate is sent to a membrane distillation concentration device for concentration to obtain a concentrated solution; the concentrated solution is sent to a low-temperature vacuum drying device for drying to obtain a sycamore leaf extract, and finally the sycamore leaf extract is crushed to 100 meshes to obtain a sycamore leaf extract for use; 3) 0.02-0.1 parts by weight of trace elements, 12-20 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 5-14 parts by weight of monoammonium phosphate, 6-9 parts by weight of carbon-based fertilizer, 2-4 parts by weight of calcium carbonate and 10-15 parts by weight of humic acid are mixed, and then the mixture and 15-25 parts by weight of urea are added to a coating machine for heating and melting by blasting, and the temperature is reduced to granulate to obtain fertilizer particles, and a solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the fertilizer particles through a spraying device to obtain a controlled-release fertilizer containing an inner layer coating of a seaweed core, wherein the solution containing an inner layer coating material of seaweed accounts for 0.6% of the mass of the fertilizer particles; 4) 0.5-1 weight part of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5-1 weight part of corn starch; 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 0.05-0.1 parts by weight of dicyandiamide powder, 0.01-0.05 parts by weight of manganese sulfate, 0.03-0.06 parts by weight of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.05-0.2 parts by weight of plant hormone, 0.5-0.8 parts by weight of boric acid, 10-20 parts by weight of mineral source humic acid, 4-6 parts by weight of urea, 2-3 parts by weight of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.0025-0.005 parts by weight of sycamore leaf extract, 0.001-0.002 parts by weight of Ligustrum lucidum leaf fermentation product, 20-50 parts by weight of functionalized biochar carrier and 150-200 parts by weight of water are mixed and stirred in a high-speed mixer for 20-30 minutes. 0min, reaction temperature 90℃, stirrer speed 100r / min, make attachment layer solution and transfer it into liquid storage tank connected with air pump, put the seaweed core inner layer coated controlled release fertilizer into disc granulator with heating function, preheat at 60℃, rotate and polish fertilizer surface for 6-8min; the attachment layer solution is sprayed on fertilizer surface every 2 minutes through air pump, spraying time is 40min, spraying thickness weight is 10% of total weight of seaweed core inner layer coated controlled release fertilizer, cool and package, obtain degradable slow-release granules, sprinkle 1-1.5 parts by weight of root-promoting bacteria into the degradable slow-release granules, mix well, coat them with 2% resin outer layer coating material, and use fertilizer to promote rooting and strong seedlings of crops.

6. The method for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops by using fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: The trace elements include a mixture of copper sulfate pentahydrate, iron sulfate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, ammonium molybdate and selenium sulfite.

7. The method for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops by using fertilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: In the step 4), 0.003 weight parts of sycamore leaf extract are used.

8. The method for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The solution containing the seaweed inner layer coating material in step 3) is a mixed solution of itaconic acid liquid copolymer and seaweed extract.

9. The method for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method of the functionalized biochar carrier is as follows: S1. The corn cob core with corn kernels removed is polished and crushed into particles with a diameter of 0.5 to 2 cm. The crushed cotton straw is placed in a biomass gasifier for anaerobic pyrolysis. The temperature is raised to a carbonization temperature at a heating rate of 3 to 5°C / min. The carbonization temperature is controlled at 380 to 480°C for 2 to 5 hours. The carbonization time is cooled to room temperature to prepare biochar carrier particles. S2, functionalization treatment, the deashed biochar carrier particles are immersed in a citric acid solution, the mass concentration of the citric acid solution is 1-5wt%, the immersion time in the citric acid solution is 1-2h, after the citric acid treatment is completed, the particles are taken out and drained, and then hydrothermally treated in a pressure reactor containing a sea buckthorn root extract solution for 2-6h, the hydrothermal temperature is 180-220°C, cooled, and dried, the drying time is 10-24h, and the drying temperature is 80-90°C, to obtain a functionalized biochar carrier.

10. The method for promoting rooting and seedling growth of crops according to claim 9, characterized in that: The preparation of sea buckthorn root extract solution is as follows: The dried seabuckthorn root is crushed and passed through a 100-mesh sieve, and then soaked in 8-10 times the weight of a 75%-90% ethanol aqueous solution for 12-24 hours, and then extracted three times with an ultrasonic extractor, and the three extracts are fully mixed; the mixed extract is concentrated under reduced pressure until there is no alcohol taste, and then the concentrate is diluted with water in a volume ratio of 1:1, and centrifuged; the supernatant after centrifugation is diluted with 3-5 times the volume of water to obtain a seabuckthorn root extract solution.