A turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing

Abstract

This invention discloses a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing, comprising: a fixed mechanism, a movable mechanism, and an anti-reverse mechanism; the fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected via the anti-reverse mechanism; the fixed mechanism includes a solid drill pipe and a turbine stator; the turbine stator is fixedly mounted on the solid drill pipe. This invention provides a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing that overcomes the dependence on drill string power transmission, enabling uninterrupted wellbore dressing operations throughout the drilling process. It can dress irregular wellbores caused by necking or collapse due to wellbore instability and promptly clean cuttings beds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of oil and gas technology, and specifically relates to a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening exploration and development of oil, drilling is moving towards deeper wells and wells with special processes. During the drilling process, due to geological and engineering factors, the interaction between the formation rocks and drilling fluid can cause hydration of the wellbore, leading to wellbore instability phenomena such as narrowing, collapse, and irregular wellbore. This can result in complex accidents such as stuck drill pipe, stuck casing, and obstruction of logging instruments, increasing drilling costs and operation cycles. Therefore, to ensure unobstructed wellbore flow, well cleaning operations are necessary during drilling, logging, and casing installation. This involves running drill strings into the well, circulating drilling fluid, or reaming when obstruction occurs, to perform well cleaning. During well cleaning operations, wellbore dressing tools can be used in conjunction with other drill tools to smooth the wellbore, providing favorable wellbore conditions for subsequent downhole operations such as tripping, casing installation, and logging.

[0003] Most existing wellbore dressing tools use drill pipe or centralizers (tools that stabilize downhole drilling tools and prevent deviation; connected to a section of the drill string near the larger diameter drill string to stabilize the drilling direction) as the tool body, with the cutter blades welded to the body for wellbore dressing during drilling. The power source for these existing wellbore dressing tools is limited to the power transmitted by the drill string rotation. When drilling stops, the drill string stops rotating, the wellbore dressing tool has no power to operate, and cannot promptly clean irregular protruding sections of the wellbore. This significantly increases the probability of centralizer jamming during tripping in and out of the hole, reduces drilling efficiency, and during well cleaning operations, the rotation of the drill string can easily create new wellbore areas, causing drilling accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of existing wellbore dressing tools that rely on drill string power transmission, cannot dress the wellbore when drilling is stopped, are prone to accidents such as stuck drill bits and wellbore protrusions, diameter reduction, and various cuttings beds that occur during the shutdown process. In order to ensure timely and effective wellbore cleaning and dressing, and to guarantee smooth tripping, casing running, and cementing quality, it is imperative to invent a supporting tool for wellbore dressing in the oil drilling process.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention discloses a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore trimming, comprising: a fixing mechanism, a movable mechanism, and an anti-reverse mechanism;

[0006] The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected by an anti-reverse mechanism;

[0007] The fixing mechanism includes a solid drill rod and a turbine stator;

[0008] The turbine stator is fixedly mounted on a solid drill rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism also includes: a first interface, a second interface, and a threaded interface;

[0010] The first interface and the second interface have the same structure, both being cylindrical.

[0011] The first end of the first interface is provided with a threaded interface, and the second end is fixedly connected to one end of the solid drill rod;

[0012] The other end of the solid drill rod passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface;

[0013] The first end of the second interface is provided with a threaded interface;

[0014] The turbine stator is located between the first interface and the second interface.

[0015] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism also includes: a drilling fluid channel and a guide hole;

[0016] Both the first and second interfaces have cylindrical drilling fluid channels inside.

[0017] Both the first and second interfaces have multiple through-holes at their second ends.

[0018] The plurality of the flow guide holes are arranged in a ring; the flow guide holes are annular holes;

[0019] The guide hole is connected to the drilling fluid channel;

[0020] After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel of the first interface, it flows out from the second end of the first interface through the guide hole.

[0021] Furthermore, the active mechanism includes: a centralizer housing and a turbine rotor;

[0022] The outer shell of the centralizer is tubular;

[0023] The turbine rotor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the centralizer housing.

[0024] Furthermore, the active mechanism also includes: a reverse blade and a forward blade;

[0025] Both the reverse blade and the forward blade include a head end, a body, and a tail end;

[0026] The reverse blade and the forward blade are mounted on the outer wall of the centralizer housing;

[0027] The reverse blade is positioned above the forward blade, and the end of the reverse blade is connected to the beginning of the forward blade.

[0028] The reverse or forward blades are spiral-shaped.

[0029] Furthermore, the angle between the reverse blade or the forward blade and the axial direction ranges from 10° to 50°;

[0030] The fixed distance between one of the reverse blades and another adjacent reverse blade is 30-100 mm;

[0031] The fixed distance between one of the positive blades and the adjacent positive blade is 30-100 mm.

[0032] Furthermore, the beginning and end of both the reverse blade and the forward blade are set as ramps, and the angle between the ramp surface and the axial direction is in the range of 45 to 75°.

[0033] The main cross-sections of both the reverse and forward blades are trapezoidal.

[0034] Furthermore, the active mechanism also includes: a flow guiding cavity;

[0035] A flow guide cavity is formed between adjacent reverse or forward blades;

[0036] The flow guide cavity is trapezoidal.

[0037] Furthermore, it also includes: leak-proof gaskets;

[0038] The leak-proof gasket is disposed between the turbine stator and the turbine rotor, and between the centralizer housing and the first and second interfaces.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes: anti-moving clamps;

[0040] The anti-movement clamp is ring-shaped;

[0041] The anti-movement clamps are fixedly installed on the outer walls of the first and second interfaces respectively, and abut against the housing of the centralizer to prevent axial displacement of the housing of the centralizer.

[0042] Furthermore, the anti-reverse mechanism includes: embedded spring teeth and fixed teeth;

[0043] The embedded spring teeth are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor;

[0044] The fixing teeth are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the solid drill rod;

[0045] The embedded spring teeth correspond one-to-one with the fixed teeth, and their directions are opposite;

[0046] The embedded spring teeth are rotatably connected to the fixed teeth.

[0047] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages: During top-drive drilling operations, the turbine stator receives the torque transmitted from the upper drill string, and the entire tool "revolves." In addition, the drilling fluid flows through the turbine rotor, and the mechanical energy converted from the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid drives the helical blades on the outer wall of the stabilizer to rotate, and the entire tool "rotates." Relying on the hydraulic energy provided by the drilling fluid to the turbine, it is converted into mechanical energy through the turbine stator and turbine rotor. Secondly, the anti-reverse mechanism enables the solid drill pipe to provide mechanical energy to the rotating part of the turbine rotor. The dual action ensures that the device has greater rotational power and higher rotational cutting efficiency. The tool can repair the well wall while also having an anti-deviation function. During well cleaning operations, the rotation of the drill string can easily drill a new wellbore. During well cleaning operations, the tool of the present invention controls the drilling pump so that the drilling fluid flow rate reaches the critical value for the rotation of the tool's turbine rotor. The rotation of the helical blades on the outer wall trims the micro-steps and micro-doglegs of the well wall. Compared with the drilling fluid flow rate threshold required for screw drill string drive, the drilling fluid flow rate threshold required for turbine drive is smaller.

[0048] During bottom drive operations, wellbore sections need to be trimmed. The drilling pump is controlled to ensure the drilling fluid flow rate is within the range required for turbine-driven centralizer operation. The tool then operates, achieving wellbore trimming and anti-deviation functions while drilling. During well cleaning operations, simply turning on the drilling fluid pump allows the drilling fluid pumped into the wellbore to drive the tool for continuous wellbore trimming, achieving wellbore trimming during well cleaning. During drilling, in wellbore sections where wellbore trimming is not required, the drilling pump is controlled to ensure the drilling fluid flow rate is between the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for turbine-driven centralizer operation and the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for screw drill bit operation. This allows the tool to perform anti-deviation functions without trimming the wellbore.

[0049] The centralizer is designed with two sets of blades in opposite directions on its outer wall, which allow the drilling fluid to flow at high speed along a fixed flow channel to create hydraulic disturbance on the cuttings bed and mud cake on the inner wall of the wellbore, thereby further cleaning the wellbore and repairing the well wall.

[0050] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and the drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0052] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine stator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0054] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the centralizer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0055] Figure 4 It shows along Figure 3 A sectional view of the BB line in the middle;

[0056] Figure 5 It shows along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view along line AA in the diagram.

[0057] Reference numerals: 1. First interface; 2. Centralizer housing; 3. Turbine stator; 4. Drilling fluid channel; 5. Guide hole; 6. Solid drill pipe; 7. Leak-proof gasket; 8. Turbine rotor; 9. Anti-movement clamp; 10. Threaded interface; 11. Guide cavity; 12. Reverse cutter wing; 13. Forward cutter wing; 14. Embedded spring tooth; 15. Fixed tooth; 16. Second interface. Detailed Implementation

[0058] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore trimming, comprising: a fixing mechanism, a moving mechanism, and an anti-reverse mechanism;

[0060] The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected by an anti-reverse mechanism;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a turbine stator according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 As shown, the fixing mechanism includes a solid drill rod 6 and a turbine stator 3;

[0062] The turbine stator 3 is fixedly mounted on the solid drill rod 6.

[0063] For example, the turbine stator 3 is welded to the solid drill rod 6 to ensure stable torque transmission between the two and improve the service life of the equipment.

[0064] The fixed mechanism is used to transmit the power provided by the rotary table and rotates with the rotation of the central drill rod 6 during operation;

[0065] The movable mechanism is used to drive the centralizer housing 2 to rotate and adjust the well wall under the dual action of the turntable power transmitted by the fixed mechanism and the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid;

[0066] The anti-reverse mechanism is used to allow the fixed mechanism to rotate the movable mechanism and adjust the well wall when the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid is insufficient to rotate the movable mechanism. This can be achieved by the engagement between the embedded spring teeth 14 and the fixed teeth 15.

[0067] Solid drill rod 6 is used to ensure normal operation under strong torsional force and to transmit the power from the rotary table;

[0068] The turbine stator 3 is used to change the flow direction of the annular fluid flow, providing a high-speed fluid flow in a certain direction to the turbine rotor 8, which impacts the rotor blades and causes the turbine rotor 8 to rotate at high speed.

[0069] In one alternative implementation, a solid drill rod 6 is mounted on the shaft of the turbine-driven centralizer fixing mechanism to transmit power to the upper drill string, ensuring high-strength rotation under strong torsional and tensile forces.

[0070] This invention proposes a turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing, which breaks through the dependence on drill string power transmission and enables uninterrupted wellbore dressing operations throughout the drilling process. It can dress irregular wellbores caused by necking or collapse due to wellbore instability and clean cuttings beds in a timely manner.

[0071] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism further includes: a first interface 1, a second interface 16, and a threaded interface 10;

[0072] The first interface 1 and the second interface 16 have the same structure, both being cylindrical.

[0073] The first interface 1 has a threaded interface 10 at its first end and is fixedly connected to one end of the solid drill rod 6 at its second end; the first interface 1 is threadedly connected to the upper drill tool through the threaded interface 10; for example, the first end is the top end and the second end is the bottom end; the first interface 1 and the solid drill rod 6 are connected by welding.

[0074] The other end of the solid drill rod 6 passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface 16; for example, the second interface 16 and the solid drill rod 6 are connected by welding.

[0075] The first end of the second interface 16 is provided with a threaded interface 10;

[0076] The turbine stator 3 is located between the first interface 1 and the second interface 16.

[0077] First interface 1 is used to connect the upper drill pipe;

[0078] The second interface 16 is used to connect the lower drill pipe;

[0079] Threaded interface 10 is used for threaded connection with the corresponding upper and lower drill rods.

[0080] In some embodiments, the fixing mechanism further includes: a drilling fluid channel 4 and a guide hole 5;

[0081] Both the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 have a cylindrical drilling fluid channel 4 at their center.

[0082] The second ends of the first interface 1 and the second interface 16 are each provided with a plurality of through guide holes 5;

[0083] like Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of flow guide holes 5 are arranged in a ring; the flow guide holes 5 are annular holes;

[0084] The guide hole 5 is connected to the drilling fluid channel 4;

[0085] Drilling fluid channel 4 is used to provide a directional channel for drilling fluid;

[0086] The guide hole 5 is used to connect the drilling fluid channel 4 and the annular space.

[0087] After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel 4 of the first interface 1, it flows out from the bottom of the first interface 1 through the guide hole 5 and flows into the annular space between the solid drill pipe 6 and the centralizer housing 2. Each turbine stator 3 of the turbine corresponds to a turbine rotor 8, and a fixed tilt angle is set between each pair of stators and rotors. Then it flows into the turbine stator 3, and the high-pressure annular drilling fluid column changes its flow direction under the action of the turbine stator 3. The drilling fluid then flows into the turbine rotor 8, giving the turbine rotor 8 a huge liquid flow impact force, which drives the centralizer housing 2 to rotate. After the drilling fluid does work from the turbine rotor 8, it flows into the drilling fluid channel 4 of the second interface 16 through the guide hole 5.

[0088] For example, the blade thickness of the turbine stator 3 is 1-5 mm, and the angle between the tangent of the lower end face of the stator blade and the direction of the central axis is 10-30°; the blade thickness of the turbine rotor 8 is 1-5 mm, and the angle between the tangent of the upper end face of the rotor blade and the direction of the central axis is 10-30°. Both the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 have 12 blades.

[0089] Preferably, the blade thickness of the turbine stator 3 is 2mm, and the angle between the tangent of the lower end face of the stator blade and the direction of the central axis is 16°; the blade thickness of the turbine rotor 8 is 2mm, and the angle between the tangent of the upper end face of the rotor blade and the direction of the central axis is 16°.

[0090] Increasing blade thickness and the number of blades helps to enhance the centrifugal effect of the turbine stator 3, turbine rotor 8, and drilling fluid flow, thereby increasing the surface area of ​​the fluid flow and the effective surface area of ​​the fluid flow.

[0091] In one alternative implementation, the guide hole 5 is optimized to be an annular hole, which, while meeting the engineering strength design, allows the drilling fluid to enter the annular space more smoothly and reduces the buffering resistance of the upper shoulder of the annular hole on the drilling fluid.

[0092] In some embodiments, the active mechanism includes: a centralizer housing 2 and a turbine rotor 8;

[0093] The outer shell 2 of the centralizer is tubular;

[0094] The turbine rotor 8 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the centralizer housing 2.

[0095] For example, the turbine rotor 8 is welded to the inner wall of the centralizer housing 2 to form an integral structure.

[0096] The centralizer housing 2 is used to rotate and cut the well wall, trim irregular well walls, back-drain drilling fluid and carried drilling debris through the guide cavity 11 between the rotating blades, and to centralize the drill string.

[0097] The turbine rotor 8 is used to drive the centralizer housing 2, which is integrated with the turbine rotor 8, to rotate and cut and trim the well wall when the drilling fluid flows and impacts the rotor blades.

[0098] In addition to driving the turbine rotor 8 through the central drill pipe 6, the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid is converted into mechanical energy by the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8 to rotate the turbine rotor.

[0099] In one alternative implementation, the turbine stator 3 and turbine rotor 8 blades are fixed to the solid drill pipe 6 and the centralizer housing 2 at opposite angles, respectively. An angle is formed between the inclined blades of the upper and lower turbine stator 3 and turbine rotor 8, changing the direction of the high-pressure drilling fluid. This causes the drilling fluid to impact the turbine rotor 8 blades and drive the centralizer housing 2 to rotate. Through the above-mentioned design, the hydraulic energy brought by the drilling fluid is better converted, improving the efficiency of the centralizer rotation in repairing the well wall.

[0100] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the centralizer housing according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the active mechanism further includes: a reverse blade 12 and a forward blade 13;

[0101] Both the reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 include a head end, a body, and a tail end;

[0102] Multiple reverse blades 12 and multiple forward blades 13 are disposed on the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2;

[0103] The reverse blade 12 is positioned above the forward blade 13, and the reverse blade 12 corresponds one-to-one with the forward blade 13. The end of the reverse blade 12 is connected to the head of the forward blade 13. The reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 together form a "<" shape.

[0104] The reverse blade 12 or the forward blade 13 is spiral-shaped.

[0105] The reverse blade 12 is used to form a flow guide cavity 11 with a certain direction between the blades, so as to change the flow direction and flow state of the drilling fluid. The large number of vortices formed have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and mud cake, so as to achieve the purpose of wellbore cleaning and blade cutting of the well wall.

[0106] The forward-facing blade 13 is used to form a flow guide cavity 11 with a certain direction between the blades, which changes the flow direction and flow state of the drilling fluid. The large number of vortices formed have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and mud cake, achieving the purpose of wellbore cleaning and blade cutting of the well wall.

[0107] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are 10 reverse blades 12, located on the upper part of the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2; there are 10 forward blades 13, located on the lower part of the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2.

[0108] Although the above description uses an example of 10 reverse blades 12 and 10 forward blades 13, the present invention is not limited to this, and different numbers can be designed, such as 6, 8, 12, etc. Those skilled in the art can consider the cutting principle of the present invention and practical applications, and make any design that achieves the principle of the present invention.

[0109] The outer wall of the stabilizer housing 2 is divided into upper and lower parts. Spiral trapezoidal blades 12 and 13 are welded to the surfaces of the two parts respectively, forming a flow guide cavity 11. This changes the flow state of the drilling fluid from laminar to turbulent, increasing the backflow velocity and preventing drill cuttings from clogging the drilling fluid channels 4. The diameter of the stabilizer housing 2 is chosen to match the drill bit diameter to prevent deviation.

[0110] The centralizer housing 2 is composed of two spiral centralizer outer walls, and the cutting blades of the two spiral centralizer outer walls are designed in opposite directions, with the two sets of blade ends arranged in an aligned manner.

[0111] In some embodiments, the angle between the reverse blade 12 or the forward blade 13 and the axial direction ranges from 10° to 50°. Because the velocity of the centralizer in the flow channel gradually decreases with the increase of the blade helix angle, a smaller blade helix angle is better to achieve a larger flow velocity. However, a smaller helix angle results in a smaller flow area, which is detrimental to cuttings removal and has a poorer scraping effect on the wellbore. Therefore, different helix blade angles should be selected according to specific conditions for field applications.

[0112] For example, the angle between the reverse blade 12 or the forward blade 13 and the axial direction is 40°.

[0113] The fixed distance between one of the reverse blade wings 12 and another adjacent reverse blade wing 12 is 30-100mm; preferably, the fixed distance is 50mm.

[0114] The fixed distance between one of the positive blade wings 13 and another adjacent positive blade wing 13 is 30-100 mm. Preferably, the fixed distance is 50 mm.

[0115] The fixed spacing between adjacent blades is set to 30-100mm to ensure that the cuttings cut by the stabilizer blades are carried away by the drilling fluid and, at a certain drilling speed, can better form a vortex shape and better drive the flow of drill cuttings.

[0116] In some embodiments, the beginning and end ends of the reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 are both configured as ramps, and the angle between the ramp surface and the axial direction or the outer wall of the centralizer housing 2 ranges from 45° to 75° (preferably, the angle is 65°); studies have found that the fluid displacement reaches 2m 3 The theoretical swirl length can reach about 10m at a flow rate of / min, resulting in stronger flow guiding ability.

[0117] The main horizontal cross-sections of both the reverse blade 12 and the forward blade 13 are trapezoidal.

[0118] The main cross-section of the reverse blade 12 and forward blade 13 on the outer wall of the stabilizer is set as trapezoidal, so that the guide cavity 11 also presents as a trapezoidal groove, which has a small impact on swirling attenuation. The edges are rounded into large-angle arcs during processing to improve the flow rate of drilling fluid and achieve a better impact cleaning effect on the well wall. The outer diameter of the stabilizer is equal to the drill bit size, which makes the repair of the well wall and the straightening and anti-deviation effect better.

[0119] The blade's tip and tip are designed as ramps to prevent the interaction forces generated between the well wall and the blade during the rotary cutting process from damaging the blade.

[0120] In some embodiments, the active mechanism further includes: a flow guide cavity 11;

[0121] The upper guide cavity 11 is located between adjacent reverse blades 12;

[0122] The adjacent positive blades 13 are separated by a lower guide cavity 11;

[0123] The horizontal cross-section of the flow guide cavity 11 is trapezoidal.

[0124] The upper guide cavity 11 and the lower guide cavity 11 are in the shape of "<".

[0125] The guide cavity 11 is used as a flow channel for drilling fluid return, ensuring smooth return of drilling fluid and drilling cuttings.

[0126] In some embodiments, the wellbore trimming turbine-driven centralizer further includes: a leak-proof gasket 7;

[0127] The leak-proof gasket 7 is disposed between the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8, and between the centralizer housing 2 and the first interface 1 and the second interface 16.

[0128] For example, the leak-proof gasket 7 is made of PTFE gasket. PTFE gasket has many excellent qualities such as resistance to high and low temperatures, resistance to chemical corrosion and weathering, low coefficient of friction, excellent electrical insulation, self-lubrication and non-adhesion.

[0129] Leak-proof gasket 7 is used to prevent drilling fluid leakage.

[0130] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore trimming further includes: an anti-movement clamp 9;

[0131] The anti-movement clamp 9 is ring-shaped;

[0132] The two anti-movement clamps 9 are respectively fixedly installed on the outer walls of the first interface 1 and the second interface 16, and abut against the centralizer housing 2 to prevent the centralizer housing 2 from undergoing axial displacement.

[0133] The anti-movement clamp 9 is used to limit the movement of the centralizer housing 2 to prevent it from vibrating up and down during operation.

[0134] For example, the anti-movement clamp 9 is welded to the outer wall of the second interface 16.

[0135] Although the above description uses the example of the anti-movement clamp 9 being installed on the outer wall of the second interface 16 by welding as an example, the present invention is not limited to this. It can employ various installation methods, such as threaded connection, riveting connection, key connection, etc. Those skilled in the art can consider the limiting principle of the present invention and practical application situations, and any method that achieves the principle of the present invention is acceptable.

[0136] Figure 4 It shows along Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the BB line. (e.g.) Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the anti-reverse mechanism includes: an embedded spring tooth 14 and a fixed tooth 15;

[0137] Multiple embedded spring teeth 14 are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8;

[0138] Multiple fixing teeth 15 are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6;

[0139] The embedded spring teeth 14 correspond one-to-one with the fixed teeth 15, and their directions are opposite;

[0140] The embedded spring tooth 14 is rotatably connected to the fixed tooth 15.

[0141] When the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid drives the centralizer to rotate at a speed higher than that of the solid drill pipe 6, the embedded spring teeth 14 will collide with the fixed teeth 15 and embed into the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8, ensuring that the rotation of the turbine centralizer is not affected by the solid drill pipe 6.

[0142] When the rotational speed of the centralizer driven by the drilling fluid hydraulic energy is lower than the rotational speed of the solid drill pipe 6, when the fixed tooth 15 collides with the embedded spring tooth 14, the fixed tooth 15 drives the embedded spring tooth 14, thereby driving the turbine centralizer housing 2 to rotate.

[0143] For example, the fixing tooth 15 is welded to the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6.

[0144] Although the foregoing example illustrates the installation of the fixed tooth 15 on the outer wall of the solid drill rod 6 by welding, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various installation methods can be employed, such as riveting or keying. Those skilled in the art can consider the limiting principle of the present invention and practical applications, and any method that achieves the principle of the present invention is acceptable.

[0145] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the embedded spring teeth 14 are provided with 6 teeth, and the fixed teeth 15 are also provided with 6 teeth.

[0146] Although the above description uses an example of having six embedded spring teeth 14 and six fixed teeth 15 respectively, the present invention is not limited to this, and can have multiple teeth, such as five, seven, or eight. Those skilled in the art can consider the rotational connection principle of the present invention and practical applications, and any solution can achieve the principle of the present invention.

[0147] An anti-reverse mechanism consisting of embedded spring teeth 14 and fixed teeth 15 is provided between the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8 and the solid drill rod 6. The inner wall of the turbine rotor 8 is provided with embedded spring teeth 14, and the solid drill rod 6 is welded with fixed teeth 15 in the opposite direction and the same number as the embedded spring teeth 14. This ensures that the turbine rotor 8 can rotate while the solid drill rod 6 rotates. When the speed of the turbine rotor 8 is greater than the speed of the solid drill rod 6, it does not affect the rotation of the solid drill rod 6.

[0148] The anti-reverse mechanism designed between the inner wall of the turbine rotor 8 and the solid drill rod 6 ensures the mechanical energy transmission between the solid drill rod 6 and the turbine rotor 8. Secondly, it ensures that the rotation of the centralizer housing 2 does not affect the solid drill rod 6 when drilling stops.

[0149] The optimal installation position of the turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing disclosed in this invention is between the neutral point (i.e., the position where the drill string is neither under pressure nor under tension downhole) and the plunger. This avoids pressure on the centralizer housing 2 during drilling. The drilling fluid flows through the guide chambers 11 in different directions, changing the flow direction and state of the drilling fluid. The resulting large number of vortices have a strong impact and disturbance effect on the cuttings bed and mud cake, achieving the purpose of wellbore cleaning and reducing the impact of wellbore irregularities on tripping efficiency.

[0150] In one alternative implementation, a multi-stage turbine is installed inside the centralizer. Since the torque generated by a single-stage turbine is too small to meet the on-site working requirements, the design of a multi-stage turbine can generate mechanical energy that meets the engineering needs, so that the blades on the outer wall of the centralizer have a better cutting effect.

[0151] It should be noted that, Figure 1 For the purpose of illustrative purposes, only a single-stage turbine (i.e., a set of turbine stators 3 and turbine rotors 8) is provided for the wellbore trimming turbine of the present invention.

[0152] Although the foregoing description uses a single-stage turbine as an example, the present invention is not limited thereto and can be configured with multiple stages of turbines, such as two-stage, three-stage, four-stage, and five-stage turbines. Those skilled in the art can consider the cutting working principle of the present invention and its practical applications, and any solution can achieve the principle of the present invention.

[0153] Job status description:

[0154] (1) Wellbore repair during drilling

[0155] In addition to being subjected to the rotational force of the solid drill pipe 6 of the power transmission device, the turbine-driven centralizer drill string assembly mainly drives the high-speed rotation of the cutter blades on the outer wall of the centralizer to cut the well wall by converting the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid into mechanical energy.

[0156] (2) Repair the well wall when drilling stops

[0157] When all drilling tools are in a stopped state, the tool of this invention will not affect the solid drill rod 6 under the action of the anti-reverse mechanism, nor will it be subject to the axial torsional force of the solid drill rod 6. It will only be driven by the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid to rotate around the solid drill rod 6.

[0158] When there are no other downhole power drilling tools, the drilling fluid flow rate can be higher than the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for turbine-driven centralizer operation, and the operation can proceed normally.

[0159] In general, as long as the minimum flow rate is guaranteed, the drilling fluid can drive the turbine to rotate the centralizer drill string, so that the outer wall of the centralizer rotates and cuts against the well wall, repairing the irregular well wall and making the drill bit go in and out smoothly.

[0160] During top-drive drilling operations, the turbine stator 3 receives torque transmitted from the upper drill string, and the entire tool revolves. In addition, drilling fluid flows through the turbine rotor 8, and the mechanical energy converted from the hydraulic energy of the drilling fluid drives the helical blades on the outer wall of the stabilizer to rotate, causing the entire tool to rotate. The hydraulic energy provided by the drilling fluid to the turbine is converted into mechanical energy through the turbine stator 3 and the turbine rotor 8. Secondly, the anti-reverse mechanism enables the solid drill pipe 6 to provide mechanical energy to the rotating part of the turbine rotor 8. This dual action ensures that the device has greater rotational power and higher rotational cutting efficiency. While repairing the well wall, the tool also has an anti-deviation function. During well cleaning operations, the rotation of the drill string can easily drill a new wellbore. During well cleaning operations, the tool of this invention controls the drilling pump to make the drilling fluid flow rate reach the critical value for the rotation of the turbine rotor 8. The rotation of the helical blades on the outer wall trims the micro-steps and micro-doglegs of the well wall. Compared with the drilling fluid flow rate threshold required for screw drill string drive, the drilling fluid flow rate threshold required for turbine drive is smaller.

[0161] During bottom drive operations, wellbore sections need to be trimmed. The drilling pump is controlled to ensure the drilling fluid flow rate is within the range required for turbine-driven centralizer operation. The tool then operates, achieving wellbore trimming and anti-deviation functions while drilling. During well cleaning operations, simply turning on the drilling fluid pump allows the drilling fluid pumped into the wellbore to drive the tool for continuous wellbore trimming, achieving wellbore trimming during well cleaning. During drilling, in wellbore sections where wellbore trimming is not required, the drilling pump is controlled to ensure the drilling fluid flow rate is between the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for turbine-driven centralizer operation and the minimum drilling fluid flow rate for screw drill bit operation. This allows the tool to perform anti-deviation functions without trimming the wellbore.

[0162] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0163] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0164] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0165] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0166] In the description of this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this invention, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, those skilled in the art can combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this invention without contradiction.

[0167] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore finishing, characterized in that, include: Fixed mechanism, movable mechanism, and anti-reverse mechanism; The fixed mechanism and the movable mechanism are connected by an anti-reverse mechanism; The fixing mechanism includes a solid drill rod (6) and a turbine stator (3); The turbine stator (3) is fixedly mounted on the solid drill rod (6); The fixing mechanism further includes: a first interface (1), a second interface (16) and a threaded interface (10). The first interface (1) and the second interface (16) have the same structure, both being cylindrical; The first end of the first interface (1) is provided with a threaded interface (10), and the second end is fixedly connected to one end of the solid drill rod (6); The other end of the solid drill rod (6) passes through the movable mechanism and is fixedly connected to the second end of the second interface (16); The first end of the second interface (16) is provided with a threaded interface (10). The turbine stator (3) is located between the first interface (1) and the second interface (16); The fixing mechanism also includes: drilling fluid channel (4) and guide hole (5); Both the first interface (1) and the second interface (16) are provided with cylindrical drilling fluid channels (4). The second ends of the first interface (1) and the second interface (16) are each provided with a plurality of through guide holes (5). The multiple guide holes (5) are arranged in a ring; the guide holes (5) are annular holes; The guide hole (5) is connected to the drilling fluid channel (4); After the drilling fluid from the ground flows into the drilling fluid channel (4) of the first interface (1), it flows out from the second end of the first interface (1) through the guide hole (5); The active mechanism includes: a centralizer housing (2) and a turbine rotor (8); The outer shell (2) of the stabilizer is tubular; The turbine rotor (8) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the centralizer housing (2); The anti-reverse mechanism includes: embedded spring teeth (14) and fixed teeth (15); The embedded spring teeth (14) are mounted on the inner wall of the turbine rotor (8); The fixing tooth (15) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the solid drill rod (6); The embedded spring teeth (14) correspond one-to-one with the fixed teeth (15), and their directions are opposite; The embedded spring tooth (14) is rotatably connected to the fixed tooth (15).

2. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The active mechanism also includes: a reverse blade (12) and a forward blade (13); Both the reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) include a head end, a body, and a tail end; The reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) are disposed on the outer wall of the centralizer housing (2); The reverse blade (12) is positioned above the forward blade (13), and the end of the reverse blade (12) is connected to the beginning of the forward blade (13); The reverse blade (12) or the forward blade (13) is spiral-shaped.

3. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The angle between the reverse blade (12) or the forward blade (13) and the axis is in the range of 10~50°; The fixed distance between one of the reverse blades (12) and the adjacent reverse blade (12) is 30~100mm; The fixed distance between one of the positive blades (13) and the adjacent positive blade (13) is 30~100mm.

4. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore trimming according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front and rear ends of the reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) are both set as slopes, and the angle between the slope surface and the axis is 45~75°. The main cross sections of both the reverse blade (12) and the forward blade (13) are trapezoidal.

5. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore trimming according to claim 2, characterized in that, The active mechanism also includes: a flow guide cavity (11); The adjacent reverse blade (12) or forward blade (13) are connected by a flow guide cavity (11). The flow guide cavity (11) is trapezoidal.

6. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Leak-proof gasket (7); The leak-proof gasket (7) is disposed between the turbine stator (3) and the turbine rotor (8) and between the centralizer housing (2) and the first interface (1) and the second interface (16).

7. The turbine-driven centralizer for wellbore dressing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: anti-movement clamps (9); The anti-movement clamp (9) is ring-shaped; The anti-movement clamp (9) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first interface (1) and the second interface (16) respectively, and abuts against the housing (2) of the stabilizer to prevent the housing (2) of the stabilizer from axial displacement.

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