A 175MPa fully electric fracturing wellhead device

Abstract

The present application relates to a 175MPa all-electric fracturing wellhead device, including a wellhead, a fracturing device, a first well fluid supply module, a second well fluid supply module, a connecting pipe and an electrically controlled valve arranged on the connecting pipe, the output end of the fracturing device is connected to the input end of the wellhead, the fracturing device has multiple main chambers and at least one spare chamber, the output end of the first well fluid supply module is connected to the input end of the main chamber on the fracturing device, the output end of the second well fluid supply module forms a loop with the spare chamber, the two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the spare chamber and the main chamber, and the electrically controlled valve is used to realize the opening and closing of the connecting pipe. The 175MPa all-electric fracturing wellhead device disclosed in the present application improves the risk resistance of the fracturing wellhead device by following the redundancy mode, and at the same time, the process pressure adjustment mode is used to enable the redundancy to play a role in time when it is put into use, so as to avoid damage and impact to the fracturing wellhead device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fracturing equipment, and in particular to a 175MPa fully electric fracturing wellhead device. Background Art

[0002] All-electric fracturing equipment refers to the use of electricity as a power source in fracturing pumping equipment, sand mixing equipment, blending equipment, sand transport equipment, liquid supply equipment, liquid storage equipment and water supply equipment. All-electric fracturing equipment has obvious advantages in energy consumption, construction efficiency and noise pollution, and provides a new technical path for the development of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas.

[0003] However, there are also some problems in the actual use process. For example, during the sand adding process, the high-pressure pipeline of a skid-mounted electric equipment may be punctured and the power supply line may need to be cut off, which will inevitably cause other skid-mounted electric equipment to stop operating. The proppant will be deposited in multiple pump heads and high-pressure manifolds, causing great damage to core equipment such as the pump head. The subsequent processing is difficult and labor-intensive, resulting in an extension of the construction period and a waste of financial and human resources. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a 175MPa fully electric fracturing wellhead device, which improves the risk resistance of the fracturing wellhead device by following the redundancy method, and at the same time, through the process pressure adjustment method, enables the redundancy to take effect in time when it is put into use, thereby avoiding damage and impact to the fracturing wellhead device.

[0005] The above-mentioned purpose of the present application is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a 175MPa fully electric fracturing wellhead device, comprising:

[0007] Wellhead;

[0008] A fracturing device, wherein the output end of the fracturing device is connected to the input end of the wellhead, and the fracturing device has a main chamber and at least one spare chamber;

[0009] A first well fluid supply module, wherein an output end of the first well fluid supply module is connected to an input end of an upper main chamber of the fracturing device;

[0010] a second well fluid supply module, wherein an output end of the second well fluid supply module is connected to the spare chamber;

[0011] A connecting pipe, with both ends connected to the spare chamber and the main chamber respectively;

[0012] The electric control valve is installed on the connecting pipeline and is used to open and close the connecting pipeline.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, a buffer section is further provided inside the fracturing device, and two ends of the buffer section are respectively connected to the output end and the main chamber of the fracturing device;

[0014] In the direction away from the main chamber, the flow area of ​​the buffer section tends to increase, or the flow area of ​​the buffer section tends to increase first and then tends to remain unchanged;

[0015] The connecting pipeline is also communicated with the buffer section.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the present application, there are multiple connection ports connecting the pipeline and the buffer section, and the multiple connection ports are evenly distributed on the conical surface of the buffer section.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, a pressure relief valve is further provided on the connecting pipeline;

[0018] The pressure relief valve is a normally closed valve;

[0019] When the difference between the pressure in the buffer section and the pressure in the main chamber is greater than or equal to the first set value, the pressure relief valve opens; when the difference between the pressure in the buffer section and the pressure in the main chamber is less than or equal to the second set value, the pressure relief valve closes.

[0020] In a possible implementation of the present application, the connecting pipe and the buffer section have multiple connecting points.

[0021] In a possible implementation of the present application, the connecting pipe is not in communication with the buffer section and the main chamber at the same time;

[0022] The connecting pipeline is firstly communicated with the buffer section and then communicated with the main chamber.

[0023] In a possible implementation of the present application, a main chamber has multiple power modules, and a spare chamber has at least one power module.

[0024] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the connecting pipe is closed, only one power module in the spare chamber is in working state;

[0025] When the connecting pipeline is opened, at least one power module in the spare chamber is in working state.

[0026] In a possible implementation of the present application, the second well fluid supply module includes a mixed fluid supply module, a clear fluid supply module and a switching valve;

[0027] The mixed liquid supply module, the clear liquid supply module and the spare chamber are all connected to the switching valve.

[0028] In a possible implementation of the present application, when the pressure in the main chamber is normal, the clear liquid supply module and the spare chamber form a loop;

[0029] When the pressure of the power input unit or the main chamber of the fracturing device drops and fluctuates, the mixed liquid supply module is connected to the standby chamber.

[0030] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0031] The present application provides a 175MPa fully electric fracturing wellhead device, which improves the risk resistance of the fracturing wellhead device by following the redundancy method. When the fracturing device is working, the spare chamber also provides pressurized well fluid. When the pressure inside the main chamber fluctuates, the spare chamber can synchronously supplement the pressure to stabilize the inside of the main chamber. This method not only ensures the smooth progress of the fracturing process, but also avoids the impact of well fluid reflux on the inside of the main chamber, and also avoids the precipitation of proppant caused by shutdown. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a wellhead provided in this application.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing device provided in this application.

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of connectivity between a fracturing device provided in the present application and a first well fluid supply module, a second well fluid supply module and a connecting pipeline.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a power module provided by the present application.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of another power module provided by the present application.

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working principles of the first well fluid supply module and the second well fluid supply module provided by the present application when the pressure in the main chamber is normal.

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the working principles of a first well fluid supply module and a second well fluid supply module provided by the present application when the pressure in a main chamber is abnormal.

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of dealing with impact in a buffer section provided by the present application.

[0040] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of reducing the voltage at the buffer section provided by the present application.

[0041] In the figure, 1, wellhead, 2, fracturing device, 3, first well fluid supply module, 4, second well fluid supply module, 5, connecting pipeline, 6, electric control valve, 21, main chamber, 22, spare chamber, 23, power module, 24, buffer section, 241, connecting port, 41, mixed liquid supply module, 42, clear liquid supply module, 43, switching valve, 44, backflow valve, 51, pressure relief valve, 101, pressure chamber, 231, piston, 232, drive ring, 233, rotating shaft, 234, eccentric wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solution in this application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] The present application discloses a 175MPa all-electric fracturing wellhead device. In some examples, the 175MPa all-electric fracturing wellhead device disclosed in the present application includes a wellhead 1, a fracturing device 2, a first well fluid supply module 3, a second well fluid supply module 4, a connecting pipe 5 and an electric control valve 6. The structure of the wellhead 1 is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the functions of wellhead 1 are as follows:

[0044] Pressure transmission and crack formation: Wellhead 1 is the key channel for fracturing fluid to be injected into the oil and gas layer. Through wellhead 1, the high-pressure pump group injects fracturing fluid into the oil and gas layer at a high speed, causing the formation pressure to rise rapidly. When the pressure exceeds the tolerance limit of the oil and gas layer, cracks will appear in the oil and gas layer. These cracks help to improve the permeability of the oil and gas layer, allowing oil and gas to flow into the wellbore more smoothly.

[0045] Proppant injection and fracture maintenance: After the fracture is formed, proppants (such as sand or ceramsite) are injected into the fracture through the wellhead 1. These proppants can prevent the fracture from closing after the pressure is released, thereby maintaining the high permeability of the oil and gas layer.

[0046] Safety control and monitoring: Wellhead 1 is equipped with various safety control devices, such as pressure sensors, flow meters and emergency shut-off valves, etc. These devices can monitor the pressure, flow and other parameters during the fracturing process in real time to ensure that the operation is carried out within a safe range.

[0047] Operation efficiency and cost control:

[0048] Environmental protection and sustainability: In the fracturing operation, the wellhead 1 also bears the responsibility of environmental protection and sustainability. By accurately controlling the injection volume and pressure of the fracturing fluid, damage to the formation and the environment can be reduced.

[0049] The above content can be summarized into two aspects: construction process and production process. The technical solution in this application is used in the construction process, specifically when fracturing underground storage layers.

[0050] The output end of the fracturing device 2 is connected to the input end of the wellhead 1, and is used to inject well fluid with a certain pressure into the wellhead 1. Figure 1 The well fluid in this application refers to the fracturing fluid, which is a non-homogeneous and unstable chemical system formed by a certain ratio of multiple additives. It is a working fluid used for fracturing oil and gas layers. Its main function is to transfer the high pressure formed by the ground equipment to the formation, so that the formation breaks to form cracks and transport proppant along the cracks.

[0051] Currently, the proportion of proppants in mainstream fracturing fluids can reach 40% or even more. When the fracturing machine 2 suddenly stops working, these proppants will be deposited and cause damage to the equipment.

[0052] See also Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fracturing device 2 has multiple main chambers 21 and at least one spare chamber 22. Power modules 23 are installed in both the main chambers 21 and the spare chambers 22. The difference is that one main chamber 21 has multiple power modules 23, and one spare chamber 22 has at least one power module 23.

[0053] The function of the power module 23 is to make the well fluid inside the main chamber 21 or the spare chamber 22 have pressure.

[0054] The power module 23 is composed of a piston 231, a drive ring 232 that contacts the piston 231 through a friction pair, a rotating shaft 233, and an eccentric wheel 234 installed on the rotating shaft 233. The rotating shaft 233 drives the eccentric wheel 234 to rotate, and the eccentric wheel 234 drives the piston 231 to move forward and backward through the drive ring 232.

[0055] The forward and backward movement of the piston 231 will increase the pressure inside the pressure chamber 101. There is a one-way valve at the upper and lower ends of the pressure chamber 101 respectively. The lower one-way valve is responsible for inputting well fluid, and the upper one-way valve is responsible for outputting well fluid. The well fluid output from the upper end flows into the main chamber 21.

[0056] The working mode of the power module 23 is as follows Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the piston 231 moves to the right, and the well fluid enters the pressure chamber 101 ; the piston 231 moves to the left, and the well fluid flows out of the pressure chamber 101 .

[0057] The output end of the first well fluid supply module 3 is connected to the input end of the main chamber 21 on the fracturing device 2, and the output end of the second well fluid supply module 4 is connected to the backup chamber 22. That is, the first well fluid supply module 3 and the second well fluid supply module 4 can work independently, respectively providing well fluid to the main chamber 21 and the backup chamber 22. Figure 6 shown.

[0058] Through the relevant introduction to the power module 23, it can be known that the power module 23 cooperates with the pressure chamber 101 and the one-way valve, and has the ability of negative pressure absorption. Therefore, in the present application, the first well fluid supply module 3 and the second well fluid supply module 4 both adopt a passive fluid supply method, that is, the first well fluid supply module 3 and the second well fluid supply module 4 are in principle only composed of storage tanks and pipelines.

[0059] However, when the supply flow is large, it is still necessary to install a flow pump on the pipeline.

[0060] The two ends of the connecting pipe 5 are connected to the spare chamber 22 and the main chamber 21 respectively. At the same time, an electric control valve 6 is installed on the connecting pipe 5. The electric control valve 6 is used to realize the opening and closing of the connecting pipe 5. When the pressure inside the main chamber 21 fluctuates, the well fluid in the spare chamber 22 will be immediately injected into the main chamber 21, so that the pressure in the main chamber 21 tends to be stable. Figure 7 shown.

[0061] It should be understood that the main reasons for the pressure fluctuation inside the main chamber 21 include failure of a power source of the fracturing machine, leakage of a high-pressure pipeline, abnormal output of the power source caused by power supply fluctuation or voltage instability, etc. At this time, the well fluid in the well may flow back, which will cause the fracturing machine 2 to be impacted.

[0062] If the fracturing machine 2 stops working at this time, the well fluid inside the fracturing machine 2 will stay inside the fracturing machine 2, and the proppant in the well fluid will form precipitation. Restarting the fracturing machine 2 requires cleaning, maintenance, inspection, and other tasks.

[0063] In addition, such impact may also cause damage to related structures inside the fracturing device 2 .

[0064] In order to solve this problem, the present application uses a second well fluid supply module 4 and a spare chamber 22 to solve the problem. The second well fluid supply module 4 and the spare chamber 22 are connected. When the pressure inside the main chamber 21 fluctuates, the well fluid in the spare chamber 22 will be immediately sent into the main chamber 21, so that the pressure in the main chamber 21 will return to stability.

[0065] Although the above content can solve the problem of pressure fluctuation inside the main chamber 21, it cannot deal with the impact problem caused by a sudden drop in pressure. In some examples, a buffer section 24 is added inside the fracturing device 2, and the two ends of the buffer section 24 are respectively connected to the output end of the fracturing device 2 and the main chamber 21. The specific structures of the buffer section 24 are as follows:

[0066] In the direction away from the main chamber 21, the flow area of ​​the buffer section 24 tends to increase;

[0067] The flow area of ​​the buffer section 24 tends to increase first and then tends to remain unchanged.

[0068] The well fluid flowing back to the buffer section 24 will be intercepted by the inner wall of the buffer section 24, which can reduce the damage caused by the impact problem described in the above content to a certain extent. In addition, the connecting pipe 5 in the present application is also connected to the buffer section 24, and the well fluid in the standby chamber 22 can enter the buffer section 24 through the connecting pipe 5. Figure 8 As shown, the flow direction of the well fluid is opposite to that of the returned well fluid, which can further reduce the impact of the returned well fluid.

[0069] For some examples, see Figure 3 There are multiple connection ports 241 between the connecting pipe 5 and the buffer section 24, and these connection ports 241 are evenly distributed on the conical surface of the buffer section 24. The multiple connection ports 241 can make the well fluid flowing from the standby chamber 22 into the buffer section 24 have a relatively sufficient contact with the well fluid flowing back, which can effectively reduce the impact of the well fluid flowing back.

[0070] For some examples, see Figure 3 A pressure relief valve 51 is also added to the connecting pipe 5. The pressure relief valve 51 is a normally closed valve. When the difference between the pressure in the buffer section 24 and the pressure in the main chamber 21 is greater than or equal to a first set value, the pressure relief valve 51 opens. Fig. 9 As shown, when the difference between the pressure in the buffer section 24 and the pressure in the main chamber 21 is less than or equal to the second set value, the pressure relief valve 51 is closed.

[0071] In this structure, the connecting pipe 5 simultaneously performs the two functions of buffering and pressure relief. Buffering refers to injecting well fluid into the buffer section 24 through the connecting pipe 5 to eliminate the impact caused by the backflow well fluid. Pressure relief means that when the pressure of the backflow well fluid at the buffer section 24 is large, the pressure at the buffer section 24 will be reduced by pressure relief first, and then the well fluid will be injected into the buffer section 24.

[0072] The pressure relief method here is a short process, the purpose of which is to make the pressure of the buffer section 24 have a short drop zone.

[0073] For some examples, see Figure 3 The connecting pipe 5 and the buffer section 24 have multiple connections. Increasing the number of connections can shorten the time of a short pressure drop zone at the buffer section 24. This is because when multiple pressure relief valves 51 work at the same time, the pressure at the buffer section 24 can drop rapidly.

[0074] In some examples, the connecting pipe 5 is not connected to the buffer section 24 and the main chamber 21 at the same time. Specifically, the connecting pipe 5 is first connected to the buffer section 24 and then connected to the main chamber 21 .

[0075] In some examples, when the connecting pipe 5 is closed, only one power module 23 in the standby chamber 22 is in working state, and when the connecting pipe 5 is opened, at least one power module 23 in the standby chamber 22 is in working state.

[0076] The purpose of this method is to maintain a certain pressure in the spare chamber 22 and to reduce the ineffective power consumption of the power module 23.

[0077] For some examples, see Figure 3 The second well fluid supply module 4 includes a mixed liquid supply module 41 , a clean liquid supply module 42 and a switching valve 43 . The mixed liquid supply module 41 , the clean liquid supply module 42 and the spare chamber 22 are all connected to the switching valve 43 .

[0078] The mixed liquid supply module 41 provides well fluid, and the clean liquid supply module 42 provides clean water. The clean water does not contain proppant and can be recycled in the spare chamber 22. It can also avoid the separation, local coagulation and fragmentation of the proppant and well fluid during recycling.

[0079] For the second well fluid supply module 4, the clean water will be switched to well fluid only when well fluid needs to be supplied to the main chamber 21. That is, when the pressure in the main chamber 21 is normal, the clean fluid supply module 42 and the spare chamber 22 form a loop, and when the pressure of the power input unit of the fracturing device 2 or the main chamber 21 decreases and fluctuates, the mixed fluid supply module 41 and the spare chamber 22 form a loop.

[0080] In some possible implementations, the liquid supply module 42 and the spare chamber 22 form a loop as follows: Figure 3 As shown, this is achieved by adding a backflow valve 44 to the connecting pipe 5. When the backflow valve 44 is opened, the clean water flows back to the clean liquid supply module 42 through a part of the connecting pipe 5, the backflow valve 44 and the backflow pipe.

[0081] It should be understood that the automatic control of the valve involved in the above content needs to be implemented in conjunction with a controller (such as a programmable logic controller such as a PLC, a microcontroller such as an STM32). The specific method is that the control end of the valve is connected to a solenoid valve, and the control end of the solenoid valve is connected to a control interface on the controller. The pressure monitoring is achieved through the installed pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor communicates with the controller. This part of the content is the existing technology and will not be repeated here. Of course, the pressure can also be obtained by the pump used, or by the pressure transmitter installed on the supporting pipeline.

[0082] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A 175Mpa fully electric fracturing wellhead device, characterized in that: include: wellhead(1); A fracturing device (2), wherein the output end of the fracturing device (2) is connected to the input end of the wellhead (1), and the fracturing device (2) comprises a main chamber (21) and at least one spare chamber (22); A first well fluid supply module (3), wherein an output end of the first well fluid supply module (3) is connected to an input end of a main chamber (21) on the fracturing device (2); A second well fluid supply module (4), wherein the output end of the second well fluid supply module (4) is connected to the spare chamber (22), and when the pressure inside the main chamber (21) fluctuates, the well fluid in the spare chamber (22) is immediately sent into the main chamber (21), so that the pressure inside the main chamber (21) is restored to stability; A connecting pipe (5), two ends of which are respectively connected to the spare chamber (22) and the main chamber (21); An electrically controlled valve (6) is provided on the connecting pipe (5), and the electrically controlled valve (6) is used to realize opening and closing of the connecting pipe (5); A main chamber (21) has a plurality of power modules (23), and a spare chamber (22) has at least one power module (23); The second well fluid supply module (4) comprises a mixed fluid supply module (41), a clear fluid supply module (42) and a switching valve (43); The mixed liquid supply module (41), the clear liquid supply module (42) and the standby chamber (22) are all connected to the switching valve (43); When the pressure in the main chamber (21) is normal, the clear liquid supply module (42) and the spare chamber (22) form a loop; When the pressure of the power input unit or the main chamber (21) of the fracturing device (2) decreases and fluctuates, the mixed liquid supply module (41) is connected to the standby chamber (22); When the connecting pipe (5) is closed, only one power module (23) in the standby chamber (22) is in a working state; when the connecting pipe (5) is opened, at least one power module (23) in the standby chamber (22) is in a working state.

2. The 175Mpa all-electric fracturing wellhead device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A buffer section (24) is also provided inside the fracturing device (2), and two ends of the buffer section (24) are respectively connected to the output end of the fracturing device (2) and the main chamber (21); In a direction away from the main chamber (21), the flow area of ​​the buffer section (24) tends to increase, or the flow area of ​​the buffer section (24) tends to increase first and then tends to remain unchanged; The connecting pipe (5) is also in communication with the buffer section (24).

3. The 175Mpa all-electric fracturing wellhead device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: There are a plurality of connection ports (241) connecting the pipeline (5) and the buffer section (24), and the plurality of connection ports (241) are evenly distributed on the conical surface of the buffer section (24).

4. The 175Mpa all-electric fracturing wellhead device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A pressure relief valve (51) is also provided on the connecting pipe (5); The pressure relief valve (51) is a normally closed valve; When the difference between the pressure in the buffer section (24) and the pressure in the main chamber (21) is greater than or equal to a first set value, the pressure relief valve (51) is opened; when the difference between the pressure in the buffer section (24) and the pressure in the main chamber (21) is less than or equal to a second set value, the pressure relief valve (51) is closed.

5. The 175Mpa all-electric fracturing wellhead device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (5) and the buffer section (24) have a plurality of connecting points.

6. The 175Mpa all-electric fracturing wellhead device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting pipe (5) is not in communication with the buffer section (24) and the main chamber (21) at the same time; The connecting pipe (5) is first connected to the buffer section (24) and then connected to the main chamber (21).

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