Multi-stage pressure reducing valve

Abstract

The multi-stage pressure reducing valve comprises a first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism, three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves and a plurality of second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms, an upper cover is provided with an air inlet, a first valve body is provided with a pressure reducing cavity, and a second valve body is provided with a first pressure stabilizing cavity and a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities. The pressure reducing cavity communicates with the first pressure stabilizing cavity through a first gas flow channel, the multiple second pressure stabilizing cavities communicate with the pressure reducing cavity through multiple second gas flow channels, and each second pressure stabilizing cavity is provided with a gas outlet communicating with the corresponding second gas flow channel; the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism is mounted in the middle of the pressure reducing cavity and in the first pressure stabilizing cavity and extends into the air inlet; the three pressure reduction pinhole sleeves are sequentially mounted in the pressure reduction cavity at intervals from inside to outside; the multiple second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms are installed in the multiple second pressure stabilizing cavities correspondingly and stretch into the multiple second gas flow channels correspondingly. The pressure reducing valve can achieve an obvious pressure reducing effect and double stability of outlet pressure and flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pressure reducing valves, and more particularly to a multi-stage pressure reducing valve. Background Art

[0002] In the wide application of hydrogen energy industry chain, efficient, safe storage and transportation and precise control of hydrogen have become key technical links. Among them, valves are the core components connecting various links, and their performance directly affects the utilization efficiency and safety of hydrogen energy. Especially in the process of high-pressure hydrogen treatment, the role of the pressure reducing valve is particularly critical. It needs to ensure that the hydrogen pressure is accurately and stably reduced from high pressure (such as 35 / 70MPa) to the low pressure range (such as 0.5 to 1MPa) required by terminal applications such as fuel cells.

[0003] However, existing hydrogen pressure reducing valves generally have technical problems: 1) Insufficient pressure reducing capacity. The inlet pressure of existing hydrogen pressure reducing valves is basically below 20MPa, and the field of hydrogen pressure reducing valves with higher pressures is relatively blank; 2) Insufficient pressure stabilization effect. It is difficult to achieve accurate pressure reduction under high pressure and maintain the stability of outlet pressure and flow, which poses a safety hazard; 3) There are defects in the structural design, such as the valve stem is directly installed in the cavity for adjustment, lacking a balancing mechanism and independent adjustment structure, resulting in local pressure imbalance, affecting the adjustment stability and sealing performance. These problems not only limit the wide application of pressure reducing valves in the field of hydrogen energy, but also increase the complexity and maintenance cost of the system.

[0004] Therefore, providing an efficient, stable and reliable multi-stage pressure reducing valve is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a multi-stage pressure reducing valve to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A multi-stage pressure reducing valve, comprising an upper cover, a first valve body and a second valve body connected together in sequence by screws, and also comprising a first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism, three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves and a plurality of second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms, wherein the upper cover has an air inlet, the first valve body has a pressure reducing cavity, the second valve body has a first pressure stabilizing cavity and a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities uniformly distributed on the periphery of the first pressure stabilizing cavity, the pressure reducing cavity is communicated with the first pressure stabilizing cavity through a first gas flow channel opened thereon, and the plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities are respectively connected to the pressure reducing cavity through a plurality of gas flow channels opened thereon The second gas flow channel is connected, and each of the second pressure-stabilizing chambers is provided with a gas outlet connected to the corresponding second gas flow channel; the first pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism is installed in the middle of the pressure-reducing chamber and inside the first pressure-stabilizing chamber and extends into the air inlet; the three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves are installed in the pressure-reducing chamber in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the first pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism is slidably connected with the pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve close to it; a plurality of the second pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanisms are respectively installed in a plurality of the second pressure-stabilizing chambers, and respectively extend into a plurality of the second gas flow channels.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention produces the following beneficial effects:

[0009] The multi-stage pressure reduction and multi-stage pressure stabilization structures of the present invention are combined to form a multi-stage pressure reduction and pressure stabilization symmetrical structure as a whole, which can achieve a significant pressure reduction effect and dual stability of outlet pressure and flow.

[0010] Furthermore, the three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves are respectively a first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, a second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve and a third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve distributed in sequence from the inside to the outside, the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of first step holes, the second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of second step holes, the third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of third step holes, and each of the first step holes, each of the second step holes and each of the third step holes includes an inner hole and an outer hole distributed from the inside to the outside, and the diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the diameter of the outer hole.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the decompression effect can be enhanced.

[0012] Furthermore, the first inner hole diameter of the first step hole is 0.3mm, and the first outer hole diameter of the first step hole is 0.5mm; the second inner hole diameter of the second step hole is 0.6mm, and the second outer hole diameter of the second step hole is 0.8mm; the third inner hole diameter of the third step hole is 0.4mm, and the third outer hole diameter of the third step hole is 0.8mm.

[0013] Further, in the vertical direction, the plurality of first step holes are all located in the middle of the first pressure reduction pinhole sleeve, the plurality of second step holes are respectively located at both ends of the second pressure reduction pinhole sleeve, and the plurality of third step holes are all located in the middle of the third pressure reduction pinhole sleeve; in the horizontal direction, the plurality of first step holes are all located in the Y direction of the first pressure reduction pinhole sleeve, the plurality of second step holes are all located in the X direction of the second pressure reduction pinhole sleeve, and the plurality of third step holes are all located in the Y direction of the third pressure reduction pinhole sleeve.

[0014] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the positions of the stepped holes are distributed so that the hole walls form a buffer for the high-pressure supersonic gas, thereby reducing the flow rate of the supersonic gas.

[0015] Furthermore, the first pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism includes a pressure-reducing column valve core rod, a pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat, a pressure-stabilizing spring seat and a first pressure-stabilizing spring, the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is vertically installed in the middle of the pressure-reducing cavity, and the head of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod extends into the air inlet, the tail end of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod passes through the first valve body and extends into the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, the main body of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is slidably connected to the pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve close to it; the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat are sequentially installed in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity from top to bottom, and the tail end of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is connected to the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat; the first pressure-stabilizing spring is located in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, and is located between the bottom end of the first valve body and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat, and the first pressure-stabilizing spring passes through the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat.

[0016] Furthermore, a star-shaped retaining ring, a star-shaped sealing ring and a piston guide belt are installed on the main body of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod, which are distributed from top to bottom; a first pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a first pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed from top to bottom between the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat and the first pressure-stabilizing cavity; a first pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat and the bottom wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, and a second pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat and the side wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity.

[0017] Furthermore, the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism also includes an adjusting bolt and a steel ball, wherein the adjusting bolt passes through the middle of the bottom end of the second valve body and is threadedly connected thereto to abut against the pressure stabilizing spring seat; the steel ball is installed between the adjusting bolt and the pressure stabilizing spring seat.

[0018] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the compression amount of the spring can be changed by rotating the adjusting bolt, thereby changing the initial position of the pressure reducing column valve core rod in the Z direction.

[0019] Furthermore, the second pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism includes a pressure-reducing conical valve core rod, a pressure-stabilizing sealing base and a second pressure-stabilizing spring. The pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the pressure-stabilizing sealing base are sequentially installed in the second pressure-stabilizing cavity from top to bottom, and the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod extends into the corresponding second gas flow channel; the second pressure-stabilizing spring is sleeved on the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and is located between the step of the second pressure-stabilizing cavity and the step of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod.

[0020] Furthermore, a second pressure-stabilizing sealing ring and a second pressure-stabilizing guide belt are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity; a third pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a third pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the tail of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity; a third pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the side wall of the pressure-stabilizing seal base and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity, and a fourth pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the step of the pressure-stabilizing seal base and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of the second pressure-stabilizing cavities and the first pressure-stabilizing cavities each have a gap for gas flow.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is that the gas flow in the second valve body can be realized, thereby ensuring that the gas pressure in the second valve body is evenly distributed.

[0023] It can be seen that the present invention provides a multi-stage pressure reducing valve. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1) Multi-stage adjustable decompression makes the decompression effect obvious and the decompression speed fast, and the three decompression pinhole sleeves reduce the flow rate of high-pressure supersonic gas, making the system more stable during the decompression process;

[0025] 2) The pressure stabilization efficiency is high, and the pressure distribution inside the valve body is uniform, making the pressure stabilization effect more significant;

[0026] 3) The structure of pressure reduction and stabilization inside the valve body is symmetrical, and the flow path of the gas is symmetrical, so that the pressure inside the valve body is evenly distributed, achieving smooth and efficient pressure reduction of the valve body system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1The accompanying drawing is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a bottom view of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 The attached picture is Figure 2 Middle AA section view;

[0031] Figure 4 The attached picture is Figure 2 Middle BB section view;

[0032] Figure 5 The attached picture is Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0033] Figure 6 The accompanying drawings are longitudinal cross-sectional views of three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 The accompanying drawings are cross-sectional views of three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 The accompanying drawing is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the interior of the second valve body provided by the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 The accompanying drawing is a cross-sectional view of the cooperation between the second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism and the second pressure stabilizing cavity provided by the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 The accompanying drawing is a gas flow path diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 The accompanying drawing is a velocity cloud diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention at an inlet pressure of 35 MPa;

[0039] Fig.12 The accompanying drawing is a velocity cloud diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention when the inlet pressure is 70 MPa;

[0040] Fig.13 The accompanying drawing is a pressure cloud diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention when the inlet pressure is 35MPa;

[0041] Fig.14 The attached drawing is a pressure cloud diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing valve provided by the present invention when the inlet pressure is 70 MPa. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1-14 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a multi-stage pressure reducing valve, including an upper cover 1, a first valve body 2, a second valve body 3, a first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 4, three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves 5 and a plurality of second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms 6. The upper cover 1, the first valve body 2 and the second valve body 3 are sequentially connected together by screws 7. The upper cover 1 has an air inlet 11, the first valve body 2 has a pressure reducing cavity 21, the second valve body 3 has a first pressure stabilizing cavity 31 and a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities 32 uniformly distributed on the periphery of the first pressure stabilizing cavity 31, the pressure reducing cavity 21 and the first pressure stabilizing cavity 31 are connected through a first gas flow channel 8 opened thereon, and the plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities 32 are respectively connected to the decompression chamber 21 through multiple second gas flow channels 9 opened thereon, and each second pressure stabilizing chamber 32 is provided with a gas outlet 321 connected to the corresponding second gas flow channel 9; the first decompression and pressure stabilizing mechanism 4 is installed in the middle of the decompression chamber 21 and inside the first pressure stabilizing chamber 31 and extends into the air inlet 11; 3 pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves 5 are installed in the decompression chamber 21 in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 4 is slidably connected with the pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 5 close to it; multiple second decompression and pressure stabilizing mechanisms 6 are respectively installed in multiple second pressure stabilizing chambers 32, and respectively extend into multiple second gas flow channels 9. The multi-stage pressure reduction and multi-stage pressure stabilization structures of the present invention are combined to form a multi-stage pressure reduction and pressure stabilization symmetrical structure as a whole. In the present embodiment, there are 5 stages of pressure reduction and two stages of pressure stabilization, namely, the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 4 reduces pressure, the three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves 5 reduce pressure, and the second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 6 reduces pressure. The first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 4 stabilizes pressure, and the second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 6 stabilizes pressure. There are multiple second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms 6, which can achieve obvious pressure reduction effect and dual stability of outlet pressure and flow. According to the velocity cloud diagram at the inlet pressure of 35MPa and 70MPa, it can be seen that the gas flow rate between the three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves 5 is relatively low. According to the pressure cloud diagram at the inlet pressure of 35MPa and 70MPa, it can be seen that the pressure of the final outlet is less than 0.5MPa.

[0044] In order to further optimize the technical effect of the present invention, the three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves 5 are respectively a first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 51, a second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 52 and a third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 53 which are distributed in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 51 is provided with a plurality of first step holes 511, the second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 52 is provided with a plurality of second step holes 521, and the third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 53 is provided with a plurality of third step holes 531. Each of the first step holes 511, each of the second step holes 521 and each of the third step holes 531 includes an inner hole and an outer hole distributed from the inside to the outside, and the diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the diameter of the outer hole, thereby enhancing the pressure reduction effect.

[0045] Specifically, the first inner hole diameter of the first step hole 511 is 0.3mm, and the first outer hole diameter of the first step hole 511 is 0.5mm; the second inner hole diameter of the second step hole 521 is 0.6mm, and the second outer hole diameter of the second step hole 521 is 0.8mm; the third inner hole diameter of the third step hole 531 is 0.4mm, and the third outer hole diameter of the third step hole 531 is 0.8mm.

[0046] In order to further optimize the technical effect of the present invention, in the vertical direction, the multiple first step holes 511 are all located in the middle of the first pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 51, the multiple second step holes 521 are respectively located at both ends of the second pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 52, and the multiple third step holes 531 are all located in the middle of the third pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 53; in the horizontal direction, the multiple first step holes 511 are all located in the first pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 51Y direction, the multiple second step holes 521 are all located in the second pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 52X direction, and the multiple third step holes 531 are all located in the third pressure reduction pinhole sleeve 53Y direction, so that the hole wall forms a buffer for the high-pressure supersonic gas through the position distribution of each step hole, thereby reducing the flow rate of the supersonic gas.

[0047] Specifically, the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism 4 includes a pressure reducing column valve core rod 41, a pressure stabilizing valve core rod seat 42, a pressure stabilizing spring seat 43 and a first pressure stabilizing spring 44. The pressure reducing column valve core rod 41 is vertically installed in the middle of the pressure reducing cavity 21, and the head of the pressure reducing column valve core rod 41 extends into the air inlet 11, and the tail end of the pressure reducing column valve core rod 41 passes through the first valve body 2 and extends into the first pressure stabilizing cavity 31. The main body of the pressure reducing column valve core rod 41 is close to the first valve body 2. The pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 5 (the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 51) is slidingly connected; the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat 42 and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43 are installed in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31 from top to bottom, and the tail end of the pressure-reducing column head valve core rod 41 is connected to the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat 42; the first pressure-stabilizing spring 44 is located in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31, and is located between the bottom end of the first valve body 2 and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43, and the first pressure-stabilizing spring 44 runs through the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat 42.

[0048] Specifically, a star-shaped retaining ring, a star-shaped sealing ring and a piston guide belt are installed on the main body of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod 41, which are distributed from top to bottom; a first pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a first pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed from top to bottom between the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat 42 and the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31; a first pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43 and the bottom wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31, and a second pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43 and the side wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31.

[0049] In order to further optimize the beneficial effects of the present invention, the first pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism 4 also includes an adjusting bolt 45 and a steel ball 46. The adjusting bolt 45 passes through the middle of the bottom end of the second valve body 3 and is threadedly connected thereto to abut against the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43; the steel ball 46 is installed between the adjusting bolt 45 and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat 43, so that the compression amount of the first pressure-stabilizing spring 44 can be changed by rotating the adjusting bolt 45, thereby changing the initial position of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod 41 in the Z direction.

[0050] Specifically, the second pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism 6 includes a pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61, a pressure-stabilizing sealing base 62 and a second pressure-stabilizing spring 63. The pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 and the pressure-stabilizing sealing base 62 are installed in the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32 from top to bottom, and the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 extends into the corresponding second gas flow channel 9; the second pressure-stabilizing spring 63 is sleeved on the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 and is located between the step of the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32 and the step of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61.

[0051] Specifically, a second pressure-stabilizing sealing ring and a second pressure-stabilizing guide belt are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32; a third pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a third pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the tail of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32; a third pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the side wall of the pressure-stabilizing sealing base 62 and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32, and a fourth pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the step of the pressure-stabilizing sealing base 62 and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity 32.

[0052] In order to further optimize the beneficial effects of the present invention, a plurality of second pressure-stabilizing cavities 32 and the first pressure-stabilizing cavity 31 are provided with gaps 10 for gas flow, which can realize gas flow in the second valve body 3, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of gas pressure in the second valve body 3.

[0053] In order to further optimize the beneficial effects of the present invention, a sealing gasket is installed between the first valve body 2 and the second valve body 3 to improve the sealing performance.

[0054] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0055] When high-pressure hydrogen is not introduced into the air inlet 11, the compression amount of the first pressure-stabilizing spring 44 can be changed by rotating the adjusting bolt 45, thereby changing the initial position of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod 41 in the Z direction. When high-pressure gas is not introduced, the opening between the head of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod 41 and the air inlet 11 is the largest, the opening between the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod 61 and the second gas flow channel 9 is the largest, and the first stepped holes 511 of the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve 51 are opened in the largest number.

[0056] Pressure stabilization process: I is the primary pressure stabilization path, II-2 is the secondary pressure stabilization path, and II-1 is the path for the gas to flow out after each level of pressure reduction. The gas enters the pressure reduction chamber 21 through the air inlet 11, and then enters the first pressure stabilization chamber 31 through the four first gas flow channels 8. The compression of the first pressure stabilization spring 44 changes due to the change in pressure, thereby changing the position of the pressure reduction column head valve core rod 41 to achieve the effect of pressure stabilization; the gas enters the second pressure stabilization chamber 32 through the second gas flow channel 9. The compression of the second pressure stabilization spring 63 changes due to the change in pressure, thereby changing the position of the pressure reduction conical valve core rod 61 to achieve the effect of pressure stabilization. In addition, since the number of the second pressure reduction and stabilization mechanisms 6 is 4 and evenly distributed, the efficiency of pressure stabilization is improved, so that the pressure distribution inside the second valve body 3 is even, and the pressure stabilization effect is more significant. In this process, part of the gas in the second pressure stabilization chamber 32 flows out directly through the gas outlet 321.

[0057] Decompression process: by adjusting the position of the decompression column valve core rod 41 in the Z direction, the first-stage decompression (the size of the opening between the head of the decompression column valve core rod 41 and the air inlet 11, the smaller the opening, the more obvious the decompression effect) and the second-stage decompression (when the decompression column valve core rod 41 moves along the Z direction, the number of opening and closing of the first step holes 511 of the first decompression pinhole sleeve 51 will be changed, the smaller the number, the more obvious the decompression effect); the second decompression pinhole sleeve 52 and the third decompression pinhole sleeve 53 reduce pressure through their small hole throttling and decompression characteristics; by adjusting the position of the decompression conical valve core rod 61 in the Z direction, the size of the opening between the head of the decompression conical valve core rod 61 and the second gas flow channel 9 is changed to achieve adjustable decompression.

[0058] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0059] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve, comprising an upper cover, a first valve body and a second valve body connected in sequence by screws, characterized in that: It also includes a first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism, three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves and a plurality of second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms, the upper cover has an air inlet, the first valve body has a pressure reducing cavity, the second valve body has a first pressure stabilizing cavity and a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities evenly distributed on the periphery of the first pressure stabilizing cavity, the pressure reducing cavity and the first pressure stabilizing cavity are communicated through a first gas flow channel opened thereon, a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities are respectively communicated with the pressure reducing cavity through a plurality of second gas flow channels opened thereon, and a gas outlet connected to the corresponding second gas flow channel is opened on each of the second pressure stabilizing cavities; the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism is installed in the middle of the pressure reducing cavity and inside the first pressure stabilizing cavity and extends into the air inlet; the three pressure reducing pinhole sleeves are installed in the pressure reducing cavity in sequence from the inside to the outside, and the first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism is slidably connected to the pressure reducing pinhole sleeve close thereto; a plurality of second pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanisms are respectively installed in a plurality of second pressure stabilizing cavities and extend into a plurality of second gas flow channels respectively.

2. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three pressure-reducing pinhole sleeves are respectively a first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, a second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve and a third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, which are distributed in sequence from the inside to the outside. The first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of first step holes, the second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of second step holes, and the third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve is provided with a plurality of third step holes, and each of the first step holes, each of the second step holes and each of the third step holes includes an inner hole and an outer hole distributed from the inside to the outside, and the diameter of the inner hole is smaller than the diameter of the outer hole.

3. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first inner hole diameter of the first step hole is 0.3mm, and the first outer hole diameter of the first step hole is 0.5mm; the second inner hole diameter of the second step hole is 0.6mm, and the second outer hole diameter of the second step hole is 0.8mm; the third inner hole diameter of the third step hole is 0.4mm, and the third outer hole diameter of the third step hole is 0.8mm.

4. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: In the vertical direction, the plurality of first step holes are all located in the middle of the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, the plurality of second step holes are respectively located at both ends of the second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, and the plurality of third step holes are all located in the middle of the third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve; in the horizontal direction, the plurality of first step holes are all located in the Y direction of the first pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, the plurality of second step holes are all located in the X direction of the second pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve, and the plurality of third step holes are all located in the Y direction of the third pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve.

5. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism includes a pressure-reducing column valve core rod, a pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat, a pressure-stabilizing spring seat and a first pressure-stabilizing spring, the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is vertically installed in the middle of the pressure-reducing cavity, and the head of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod extends into the air inlet, the tail end of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod passes through the first valve body and extends into the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, and the main body of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is slidably connected to the pressure-reducing pinhole sleeve close to it; the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat are sequentially installed in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity from top to bottom, and the tail end of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod is connected to the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat; the first pressure-stabilizing spring is located in the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, and is located between the bottom end of the first valve body and the pressure-stabilizing spring seat, and the first pressure-stabilizing spring passes through the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat.

6. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: A star-shaped retaining ring, a star-shaped sealing ring and a piston guide belt are installed on the main body of the pressure-reducing column valve core rod, which are distributed from top to bottom; a first pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a first pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed from top to bottom between the pressure-stabilizing valve core rod seat and the first pressure-stabilizing cavity; a first pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat and the bottom wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity, and a second pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the pressure-stabilizing spring seat and the side wall of the first pressure-stabilizing cavity.

7. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first pressure reducing and stabilizing mechanism also includes an adjusting bolt and a steel ball. The adjusting bolt passes through the middle of the bottom end of the second valve body and is threadedly connected thereto to abut against the pressure stabilizing spring seat. The steel ball is installed between the adjusting bolt and the pressure stabilizing spring seat.

8. The multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second pressure-reducing and pressure-stabilizing mechanism includes a pressure-reducing conical valve core rod, a pressure-stabilizing sealing base and a second pressure-stabilizing spring. The pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the pressure-stabilizing sealing base are sequentially installed in the second pressure-stabilizing cavity from top to bottom, and the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod extends into the corresponding second gas flow channel; the second pressure-stabilizing spring is sleeved on the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and is located between the step of the second pressure-stabilizing cavity and the step of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod.

9. A multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 8, characterized in that: A second pressure-stabilizing sealing ring and a second pressure-stabilizing guide belt are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the head of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity; a third pressure-stabilizing guide belt and a third pressure-stabilizing sealing ring are installed in sequence from top to bottom between the tail of the pressure-reducing conical valve core rod and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity; a third pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the side wall of the pressure-stabilizing seal base and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity, and a fourth pressure-stabilizing O-ring is installed between the step of the pressure-stabilizing seal base and the second pressure-stabilizing cavity.

10. The multi-stage pressure reducing valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap for gas flow is provided between each of the plurality of second pressure-stabilizing cavities and the first pressure-stabilizing cavities.

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