A super gravity rainfall and water level fluctuation experimental device

Abstract

The application discloses a supergravity rainfall and water level rising and falling experimental device, a rainfall device is installed above an experimental model box, external airflow can be isolated, the environment inside the experimental model box is relatively simple, so that the simulated rainfall can not be affected by the outside world; the experimental model box and a sealed water tank are arranged above and below, the water in the experimental model box can be discharged into the experimental water tank by utilizing centrifugal force, and the water level in the experimental model box can be lowered to the lowest; by controlling several electromagnetic valves on the water supplement pipeline, the air supply pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the communication pipeline, the water level in the experimental model box can be adjusted; the rainfall and the water level rising and falling of the experimental device can be controlled by controlling the water and air supply in the pipeline, so that the operation can be carried out unlimited times according to the experimental requirements on the premise that the water in the experimental device exceeds the volume limit, and the experimental device has the ability of simulating rainfall and cyclically changing the water level in a multi-year time span.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device. Background Art

[0002] In geotechnical engineering, geotechnical centrifuge testing involves placing a scaled-down geotechnical model (1 / nth the original soil size in all directions) in a high-speed rotating geotechnical centrifuge. Using a centrifugal force field at n times the acceleration of gravity (also known as ng), the stress state of the original soil is reproduced, allowing the centrifugal field to simulate the original soil at scale. (For related information, see: Jia Puzhao. Steady-State Acceleration Simulation Experimental Equipment—Introduction to Centrifuges and Design [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2013). It is generally believed that the size of the experimental model soil is 1 / nth the original soil structure, and the experimental time is 1 / nth the original time. 2 ,It can be seen that geotechnical centrifuge test can significantly reduce the ,experimental scale and cycle.

[0003] The study and prevention of geological hazards is a key research area of ​​geotechnical centrifuge testing, and one such area is geological hazards caused by rainfall and groundwater level fluctuations. These changes can significantly affect the moisture content in the soil, altering the mechanical properties of the soil structure, thereby inducing structural instability and potentially causing geological hazards. Therefore, simulation of these factors is crucial during experiments. Rainfall and groundwater level fluctuations generally exhibit seasonal cycles, necessitating the ability to perform multiple simulations simultaneously. This allows for simulation of the cumulative rainfall and water level changes in the target area under centrifugal conditions.

[0004] Performing rainfall simulation on the experimental device under the centrifugal field will increase the mass of the model, and changing the water level in the model box will change the center of mass height of the experimental device, both of which will cause huge unbalanced forces at both ends of the highly rotating centrifuge arm. Therefore, it is necessary to add a balancing device to keep the balancing state within the required range during the experiment.

[0005] Currently, there is no centrifuge experimental device that can comprehensively simulate the surface rainfall and groundwater level rise and fall cycles at the same time.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to design a hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device in order to solve the above problems.

[0008] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device, comprising:

[0010] Experimental model box; the model is placed in the experimental model box;

[0011] A rainmaker for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker is installed on the top of the experimental model box;

[0012] Experimental water tank; the experimental water tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the experimental model box, and the lower end of the experimental water tank is installed at the bottom of the experimental end hanging basket;

[0013] An air supply pipeline; a first end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the air supply pipeline is connected to a high-pressure air source;

[0014] Exhaust pipe; a first end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the exhaust pipe is exposed;

[0015] Connecting pipeline; the bottom of the experimental model box is connected to the bottom of the experimental water tank through a connecting pipeline; electromagnetic valves are provided in the air supply pipeline, the exhaust pipeline and the connecting pipeline.

[0016] Furthermore, the hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device also includes a water supply pipeline and a water discharge valve. The water supply pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve. The water supply pipeline is connected to the top of the experimental water tank. The water discharge valve is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank.

[0017] Furthermore, a water level sensor is installed on the experimental model box, and an active end of the water level sensor is placed inside the experimental model box.

[0018] Furthermore, permeable plates are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box. Permeable holes are provided on the permeable plates. A water guide groove is provided at the bottom of the permeable plates. The permeable holes are connected to the water guide groove. The water guide grooves of the four permeable plates are interconnected, and the water guide grooves are connected to the connecting pipeline.

[0019] Furthermore, a model observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental model box.

[0020] Furthermore, a water tank observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental water tank.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] A rainmaker is installed above the experimental model box to close its upper opening, which can isolate the external airflow and make the environment inside the experimental model box relatively simple, so that the simulated rainfall can be free from external influences.

[0023] The experimental model box and the sealed water tank are arranged up and down, and the water in the experimental model box can be discharged into the experimental water tank by utilizing centrifugal force, so that the water level in the experimental model box can be reduced to the lowest.

[0024] By controlling several solenoid valves on the water supply pipeline, air supply pipeline, exhaust pipeline and connecting pipeline, the water level in the experimental model box can be adjusted up and down. Through the feedback of the liquid level sensor, the water level in the experimental model box can be controlled at any given position.

[0025] The rainfall and water level rise and fall of this rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device can be controlled by controlling the supply of water and air in the pipeline. Therefore, under the premise that the water in the experimental device exceeds the capacity limit, an unlimited number of operations can be performed according to the experimental needs, thereby having the ability to simulate the cyclic changes of rainfall and water level over a span of many years. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention (partial cross-section).

[0029] Legend: 1- Centrifuge rotating shaft; 2- Counterweight end arm; 3- Balance water tank; 4- Counterweight end basket; 5- Experimental end arm; 6- Basket pin; 7- Experimental device; 8- Experimental end basket; 9- Rainmaker; 10- Experimental model box; 11- Water supply pipeline; 12- Air supply pipeline; 13- Exhaust pipeline; 14- Connecting pipeline; 15- Experimental water tank; 16- Solenoid valve; 17- Drain valve; 18- Water level sensor; 19- Side water-permeable plate; 20- Model observation window; 21- Bottom water-permeable plate; 22- Water guide trough; 23- Water tank observation window. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only a portion of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and illustrated in the drawings herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.

[0031] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "left", "right", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are merely used for distinguishing descriptions and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "disposed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can also mean internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0036] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device comprises:

[0038] An experimental model box 10; the model is placed in the experimental model box 10; a water level sensor 18 is installed on the experimental model box 10, and the active end of the water level sensor 18 is placed inside the experimental model box 10. Permeable panels are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box 10 (the permeable panels include side permeable panels 19 and bottom permeable panels 21), the permeable panels are provided with permeable holes, and a water guide groove 22 is provided at the bottom of the permeable panels. The permeable holes are connected to the water guide groove 22, and the water guide grooves 22 of the four permeable panels are interconnected. The water guide grooves 22 are connected to the connecting pipe 14. A model observation window 20 is provided on one side wall of the experimental model box 10. A water tank observation window 23 is provided on one side wall of the experimental water tank 15;

[0039] A rainmaker 9 for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker 9 is installed on the top of the experimental model box 10;

[0040] The experimental water tank 15 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the experimental model box 10, and the lower end of the experimental water tank 15 is mounted on the bottom of the experimental end hanging basket 8;

[0041] Air supply line 12; a first end of the air supply line 12 is connected to the experimental water tank 15, and a second end of the air supply line 12 is connected to a high-pressure air source;

[0042] Exhaust pipe 13; a first end of the exhaust pipe 13 is connected to the experimental water tank 15, and a second end of the exhaust pipe 13 is open;

[0043] The bottom of the experimental model box 10 is connected to the bottom of the experimental water tank 15 through the Unicom pipe 14; the gas supply pipe 12, the exhaust pipe 13, and the Unicom pipe 14 are provided with an electromagnetic valve 16;

[0044] Water supply pipe 11 and drain valve 17; a solenoid valve is provided on the water supply pipe 11, the water supply pipe 11 is connected to the top of the experimental water tank 15, and the drain valve 17 is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank 15.

[0045] This application is designed to meet the specific needs of geotechnical centrifuge simulation experiments, and a centrifuge airborne experimental device 7 is designed to simulate the cumulative annual changes in rainfall and groundwater levels in the natural environment where the geotechnical environment is located, and to monitor and adjust the water level and equilibrium state.

[0046] like Figure 1 Figure 1 shows the overall layout of the hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental apparatus. The centrifuge portion is irrelevant to this application and is only briefly described. The centrifuge arm rotates around a rotation axis, with an experimental end and a counterweight end, respectively. The experimental end basket 8 and the counterweight end basket 4 are each connected to the rotating arms (counterweight end arm 2 and experimental end arm 5) via a basket pin 6, and have the freedom to rotate about the basket pin 6.

[0047] The centrifugal force generated when the centrifuge's rotating arm drives the baskets around the centrifuge's rotating axis 1 causes the baskets at both ends to gradually swing from the vertical position shown to the horizontal position around the basket pins 6. A supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device is installed in the basket at the experimental end. To maintain balance at both ends of the rotating arm during the experiment, a balancing water tank 3 is installed at the counterweight end. Balancing can be achieved by adjusting the water volume in the tank. When the centrifuge detects that the unbalanced weight at the experimental end is approaching the upper limit, water is added to the balancing water tank 3 through the water supply line 11. Otherwise, water is added to the experimental water tank 15. All cables and pipes are omitted in the figure. If the unbalanced force generated during the experiment is within the centrifuge's capacity, the balancing water tank 3 can be omitted. By installing the experimental device 7 and the balancing water tank 3 at each end of the centrifuge and connecting the water supply line 11 to both ends, the centrifuge can be easily balanced by adding water during the experiment, thereby ensuring safer operation of the equipment.

[0048] like Figure 2 The figure shows the main layout of the experimental device 7. It is mainly composed of an experimental model box 10 and an experimental water tank 15, wherein the experimental model box 10 is installed on the upper surface of the experimental water tank 15. The experimental model box 10 contains the experimental model, and a rainmaker 9 is installed on its upper surface to simulate rainfall. The rainmaker 9 is completely in contact with the upper surface of the experimental model box 10 to form a relatively closed environment inside the box, avoiding the influence of the airflow during the high-speed rotation of the centrifuge on raindrops. The rainmaker 9 is connected to the rainfall pipeline and can realize rainfall simulation through the pipeline water supply. Since the specific structure of the rainmaker 9 is not related to this application, it is simplified in the figure; the experimental water tank 15 is a sealed water tank, on which are installed pipelines with water replenishment, air supply and exhaust functions. A connecting pipeline 14 is installed between the experimental model box 10 and the experimental water tank 15 to realize the exchange between the two, that is, to drain the excess water in the experimental model box 10 to the experimental water tank 15 or vice versa.

[0049] When it is necessary to drain excess water from the experimental model box 10, the solenoid valves 16 on the water supply line 11 and the air supply line 12 are closed, and the solenoid valves on the connecting line 14 and the exhaust line 13 are opened. At this point, the experimental water tank 15 is connected to the atmosphere and the experimental model box 10. Under the action of centrifugal force, the water in the experimental model box 10 flows into the experimental water tank 15 through the connecting line 14. At this point, the water level in the experimental model box 10 drops.

[0050] When the water level in the experimental model box 10 needs to be raised, the electromagnetic valves 16 on the water supply pipeline 11 and the exhaust pipeline 13 are closed, and the electromagnetic valves 16 on the connecting pipeline 14 and the air supply pipeline 12 are opened, and high-pressure gas is filled into the experimental water tank 15 from the air supply pipeline 12. When the air pressure is higher than the water pressure generated by the centrifugal force, water enters the experimental model box 10 from the experimental water tank 15 through the connecting pipeline 14, thereby raising the water level in the experimental model box 10.

[0051] When water needs to be added to the experimental water tank 15 during the experiment, first close all the solenoid valves 16, then open the solenoid valves of the exhaust pipe 13 and the water supply pipe 11 in turn, and add water to the experimental water tank 15. When the water supply requirements are met, close all the solenoid valves 16.

[0052] The drain valve 17 is not operated during the experiment and is used for drainage or internal cleaning after the experiment.

[0053] Figure 3 The internal structure of the experimental device 7 is shown in FIG. 1 , in which an observation window is installed on the experimental water tank 15, which can be used to observe the situation inside the tank and, when necessary, open the water inlet channel to flush the inside of the tank. A liquid level sensor is installed at one corner of the experimental model box 10, which can provide real-time feedback on the water level in the box. The liquid level sensor can adopt a variety of different principles and structural forms. Permeable plates are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box 10. A water guide trough 22 is provided on the permeable plate. The water guide trough 22 is connected to the connecting pipe 14, which can realize the discharge and replenishment of water in the geotechnical model. A model observation window 20 is installed on the front of the experimental model box 10, which can be used to observe and record the internal experimental conditions from the outside.

[0054] A rainmaker 9 is installed above the experimental model box 10 to close its upper opening, thereby isolating the external airflow and making the environment inside the experimental model box 10 relatively simple, thereby enabling the simulated rainfall to be free from external influences.

[0055] The experimental model box 10 and the sealed water tank are arranged up and down, and the water in the experimental model box 10 can be drained into the experimental water tank 15 by utilizing centrifugal force, so that the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be reduced to the lowest.

[0056] By controlling several solenoid valves on the water supply pipeline 11, the air supply pipeline 12, the exhaust pipeline 13, and the connecting pipeline 14, the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be adjusted up and down. Through the feedback of the liquid level sensor, the water level in the experimental model box 10 can be controlled at any given position.

[0057] The rainfall and water level rise and fall of the rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device 7 can be controlled by controlling the supply of water and air in the pipeline. Therefore, under the premise that the water in the experimental device 7 exceeds the capacity limit, an unlimited number of operations can be performed according to the experimental requirements, thereby having the ability to simulate the cyclic changes of rainfall and water level over a span of many years.

[0058] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device, characterized in that: include: Experimental model box; the model is placed in the experimental model box; A rainmaker for simulating rainfall; the rainmaker is installed on the top of the experimental model box; Experimental water tank; the experimental water tank is fixedly installed at the bottom of the experimental model box, and the lower end of the experimental water tank is installed at the bottom of the experimental end hanging basket; An air supply pipeline; a first end of the air supply pipeline is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the air supply pipeline is connected to a high-pressure air source; Exhaust pipe; a first end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the experimental water tank, and a second end of the exhaust pipe is exposed; Connecting pipeline; the bottom of the experimental model box is connected to the bottom of the experimental water tank through a connecting pipeline; electromagnetic valves are provided on the air supply pipeline, exhaust pipeline, and connecting pipeline; water-permeable panels are installed on the three sides and the bottom of the experimental model box, and water-permeable holes are provided on the water-permeable panels. A water guide groove is provided at the bottom of the water-permeable panels, and the water holes are connected to the water guide groove. The water guide grooves of the four water-permeable panels are interconnected, and the water guide groove is connected to the connecting pipeline; Water supply pipe and water discharge valve; a solenoid valve is provided on the water supply pipe, the water supply pipe is connected to the top of the experimental water tank, and the water discharge valve is installed at the bottom of one side of the experimental water tank; The centrifuge arm rotates around the axis of rotation, with the experimental end and the counterweight end at the two ends. The experimental end basket and the counterweight end basket are connected to the experimental end arm and the counterweight end arm respectively through the basket pin. The experimental end basket and the counterweight end basket have the freedom to rotate around the basket pin. The centrifugal force generated when the centrifuge arm drives the experimental end basket and the counterweight end basket to rotate around the centrifuge's rotating axis will cause the experimental end basket and the counterweight end basket at both ends to gradually swing from a vertical position to a horizontal position around the basket pin shaft; a supergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device is installed in the experimental end basket. In order to maintain the balance of both ends of the arm during the experiment, a balancing water tank is set at the counterweight end, and balancing is performed by adjusting the water volume in the water tank; when the centrifuge detects that the unbalanced weight at the experimental end is close to the allowable upper limit, water is added to the balancing water tank through the water supply pipeline; otherwise, water is added to the experimental water tank.

2. The hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water level sensor is installed on the experimental model box, and an active end of the water level sensor is placed inside the experimental model box.

3. The hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A model observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental model box.

4. The hypergravity rainfall and water level rise and fall experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water tank observation window is provided on one side wall of the experimental water tank.

Images