Harvester loss rate test system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of loss rate testing technology, and in particular to a harvester loss rate testing system. It comprises an operating status analysis module, a test area division module and a loss rate determination module. The operating characteristics of the test harvester are collected to calculate its operating status value, thereby determining a working harvester that matches it based on the operating status value and the specific model, so as to predict the loss rate of the single crop area harvested by the working harvester to predict the loss rate of the test harvester that does not need to be tested, thereby solving the problem that the test harvester is not convenient to perform loss rate testing under affected or emergency conditions; at the same time, after setting up a single crop area, a working harvester is used for rapid testing, so there is no need to set up a loss rate test area separately, and there is no need to go to the set loss rate test area separately to perform the test, thereby speeding up the efficiency of loss rate measurement of a large number of test harvesters, and facilitating the direct application of subsequent harvesters in harvesting operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of loss rate testing, and in particular to a harvester loss rate testing system. Background Art

[0002] At present, when crops are harvested on the fields, harvesters are usually used to harvest the crops. Harvesting crops by harvesters not only saves labor costs but also improves the harvesting efficiency of crops. However, in the process of harvesting crops by harvesters, in order to ensure the yield of harvested crops, loss rate tests are currently conducted on harvesters. Here, loss rate refers to the crop loss caused by harvesters when harvesting crops. However, there are still the following problems when conducting loss rate tests on harvesters:

[0003] If there are multiple harvesters, it will take a long time to enter the crop test area one by one to test the loss rate, and it will not improve the loss rate test efficiency.

[0004] Among them, it is currently impossible to quickly measure the actual yield of crops in crops (such as crop test areas), which affects the efficiency of harvester loss rate testing;

[0005] It should also be noted that if the harvester that needs to be tested is far away from the crop testing area, or it is inconvenient to test it due to other factors (such as tire damage, mechanical gear shift damage, etc.), then in this case, how to conveniently test the harvester that needs to test the loss rate so that the harvester can directly harvest crops later and avoid affecting the crop harvesting operation is also a problem that needs to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a harvester loss rate testing system, which can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that if the harvester to be tested is not convenient for loss rate testing, it is currently impossible to test and predict the loss rate of a large number of harvesters.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a harvester loss rate testing system, which at least includes:

[0009] The operation status analysis module is used to obtain the harvester that needs to be tested for loss rate and mark it as a test harvester. If the test harvester is in the harvesting operation state, the following information is analyzed:

[0010] If the harvesting operation is not in progress and the harvester test area cannot be reached:

[0011] Obtain the operating characteristics of the test harvester and calculate the operating status value of the test harvester ;

[0012] Get the harvester that is currently in the state of waiting to be harvested and build the target database;

[0013] According to the operating status value of the test harvester and model Determine and run status values ​​in the target database and model The same job harvester and build matching database;

[0014] The test area division module is used to obtain the agricultural area that needs to be harvested by the harvester in the matching database and divide the agricultural area into individual agricultural areas based on terrain characteristics, soil characteristics and water distribution characteristics;

[0015] The loss rate determination module is used to collect image data of a single crop area and construct the actual characteristics of the crop area, thereby calculating the single yield of the single crop area, extracting an operating harvester from the matching database to perform crop harvesting in the single crop area, and obtaining the actual single yield harvested by the operating harvester. The loss rate of the operating harvester is obtained according to the loss rate calculation formula, and the loss rate is applied to the test harvester to predict the loss rate of the test harvester.

[0016] Running status value The calculation formula is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Where: is the running status value, For usage time, is the cutting wear value of the harvester cutter, is the total number of harvester repairs, is the threshing wear value of the thresher, is the separation wear value of the separator, 、 、 as well as are the corresponding weight coefficients, is the total number of harvester repairs, is a constant correction factor.

[0019] 、 or All calculations are based on the linear analysis model:

[0020]

[0021] Where: is the sum of the damaged points on the cutter, thresher or separator, is the area of ​​the damaged point, For the first The area of ​​the damaged point, is the total amount of damaged points, is the weight coefficient, The number of times the cutter, thresher or separator is repaired, The original dimensions of the cutter, thresher or separator before wear. is the wear size after wear, is the weight coefficient.

[0022] Topographic features include:

[0023] Slope state, aspect state, altitude state and terrain undulation state;

[0024] Soil characteristics include:

[0025] soil texture, soil pH, and soil fertility;

[0026] Moisture distribution characteristics:

[0027] Including soil moisture content, groundwater level, and water infiltration and evaporation rates.

[0028] The method for constructing the actual characteristics of the work area is:

[0029] The image data of a single cropping area is collected by drone and image preprocessing is performed to calculate the vegetation index of the single cropping area based on the image data. , leaf area index and crop height , where vegetation index The calculation formula is as follows:

[0030]

[0031] Where: is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity of the red light band;

[0032] Leaf area index The calculation formula is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] Where: is the extinction coefficient, is the near-infrared reflectivity of bare soil;

[0035] Crop height The calculation formula is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] Where: and is the weight coefficient, The minimum yield of a crop type in a specific area and under specific conditions value;

[0038] This results in the formation of vegetation indices for several different single cropping areas. , leaf area index and crop height ;

[0039] Clarify the area corresponding to a single agricultural area and vegetation index , leaf area index , crop height , crop types and cultivated area Construct the actual characteristics of the work area.

[0040] The prediction method for the test harvester loss rate is:

[0041] The actual characteristics of the cropping area are used to determine the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area that match the actual characteristics of the cropping area in the database, thereby obtaining the historical crop yield corresponding to the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area;

[0042] Based on the application of historical crop yields to the actual characteristics of the current cropping area, the individual yields of multiple different individual cropping areas are obtained;

[0043] Extracting multiple harvesters from the matching database to harvest crops in a single farming area;

[0044] Get the yield of a single crop area where crop harvesting is performed , and obtain the actual single item yield harvested by the harvester , and the loss rate is calculated from this:

[0045]

[0046] Where: is the loss rate;

[0047] Obtain the corresponding loss rates of multiple different harvesters in the same type of single crop area The average loss rate is the ratio of the sum of the total number of the same single cropping areas. , with an average loss rate Predictive testing harvester.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0049] By collecting the operating characteristics of the test harvester to calculate its operating status value, a matching working harvester is determined based on the operating status value and the specific model. By predicting the loss rate of a single crop area harvested by the working harvester, the loss rate of the test harvester that does not need to be tested is predicted. This solves the problem that it is inconvenient to perform loss rate testing on the test harvester under affected or emergency conditions.

[0050] At the same time, by setting up a single farming area and conducting rapid tests with an operating harvester, there is no need to set up a separate loss rate test area, and there is no need to go to the set loss rate test area to perform the test separately. This will speed up the efficiency of loss rate measurement for a large number of test harvesters, making it easier for subsequent harvesters to be directly used in harvesting operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0052] Figure 1 It is the overall module block diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0054] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.

[0055] Example 1 (see Figure 1 ): The harvester loss rate test system includes at least:

[0056] The operation status analysis module is used to obtain the harvester that needs to be tested for loss rate and mark it as a test harvester, and to clarify whether the current test harvester is in the harvesting operation state. If it is not in the harvesting operation state and cannot reach the harvester test area (the crop area for testing loss rate), the operation characteristics of the test harvester are obtained (it should be noted that the operation characteristics will affect the actual harvesting yield of the entire harvester during the process of harvesting crops, specifically affecting the harvesting and processing operations of crops). The operation status value of the test harvester is analyzed based on the operation characteristics. , where the running status value The calculation formula is as follows:

[0057]

[0058] Where: is the usage time (the time from the time it was put into use to the present, in hours), is the cutting wear value of the harvester cutter, is the total number of harvester repairs, is the threshing wear value of the thresher, is the separation wear value of the separator, 、 、 as well as are the corresponding weight coefficients, is the total number of harvester repairs, is the constant correction coefficient;

[0059] 、 or All calculations are based on the linear analysis model:

[0060]

[0061] Where: is the sum of the broken points on the cutter (blade), thresher or separator, is the area of ​​the damaged point, For the first The area of ​​the damaged point, is the total amount of damaged points, is the weight coefficient, The number of times the cutter, thresher or separator is repaired, The original size of the cutter (cutting element, such as a blade, which will be described in the same way later and will not be described here), thresher (threshing element) or separator (separating element) before wear. is the wear size after wear, is the weight coefficient, so we get 、 as well as .

[0062] Herein, the cutter refers to the part of the harvester that cuts crops, the thresher refers to the part of the harvester that separates crops, and the separator refers to the part of the harvester that separates grains (such as wheat, rice, corn, etc.) from straw and other impurities during the harvesting process (such as vibrating screens, centrifugal parts, etc.);

[0063] It is worth noting that, in the above solution, the area of ​​the damaged point can be calculated by obtaining the shape of the damaged point using the corresponding area calculation formula, such as a circle, a triangle, a trapezoid, etc., which will not be elaborated here.

[0064] Furthermore, in this solution, the operating status value of the harvester is tested During the determination, since it is not in the harvesting operation state, in order to facilitate the rapid determination of the loss rate of the test harvester, the following steps are also included:

[0065] Get the harvester that is currently in the state of waiting to be harvested and build the target database;

[0066] Based on the running status value of the test harvester and model Determine and run status values ​​in the target database and model The same job harvester is used to extract such job harvesters and build a matching database;

[0067] Thus, a working harvester that can reflect the loss rate of the current test harvester is determined, and a loss rate test is performed on it to apply it to the test harvester. Specifically, the process also includes:

[0068] The test area division module is used to obtain the agricultural area that the harvester needs to harvest in the matching database. The agricultural area refers to the area of ​​crops, and the agricultural area is divided into multiple single agricultural areas. It should be noted that the entire agricultural area is divided into multiple different single agricultural areas to facilitate the subsequent accurate measurement of the harvester loss rate.

[0069] In the above, it is worth mentioning that in order to more accurately and conveniently predict the single yield in a single cropping area, the following steps are performed when the cropping area is divided into multiple single cropping areas:

[0070] Obtain the terrain characteristics of the farming area, including slope, aspect, altitude, and terrain undulation;

[0071] Soil characteristics, including soil texture (clay or sand), soil pH, and soil fertility (determined by the amount of organic matter in the soil; generally, the higher the organic matter content, the better the soil fertility, which is conducive to crop growth);

[0072] Water distribution characteristics, including soil moisture content, groundwater level, and water infiltration and evaporation rates;

[0073] Therefore, the farming area is divided into multiple independent single farming areas according to the above-mentioned terrain characteristics, soil characteristics and water distribution characteristics. That is to say, the single farming areas are divided with the same terrain characteristics, soil characteristics and water distribution characteristics to form multiple single farming areas corresponding to different terrain characteristics, soil characteristics and water distribution characteristics, so as to fully consider the impact of the external environment on the actual yield of crops, so that the subsequent prediction of the single yield of crops in multiple independent single farming areas will be more accurate.

[0074] The loss rate determination module is used to collect image data of a single cropping area through a drone and calculate the vegetation index of the single cropping area based on the image data. , leaf area index and crop height , where vegetation index The calculation formula is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Where: is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity of the red light band;

[0077] Leaf area index The calculation formula is as follows:

[0078]

[0079] Where: is the extinction coefficient, is the near-infrared reflectivity of bare soil;

[0080] Crop height The calculation formula is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] Where: and is the weight coefficient, The minimum yield of a crop type in a specific area and under specific conditions value;

[0083] This results in the formation of vegetation indices for several different single cropping areas. , leaf area index and crop height , and clarify the area corresponding to each individual farming area and vegetation index , leaf area index , crop height , crop types and cultivated area The actual characteristics of the cropping area are constructed, and the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area are determined in the database (which stores the corresponding actual characteristics and the corresponding yields of the crops in the historical cropping area). The historical crop yields corresponding to the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area are obtained. The single yields of multiple different single cropping areas are obtained based on the historical crop yields. After the single yields are determined, the loss rate of the harvester can be tested later. The loss rate test method is as follows:

[0084] Extracting multiple harvesters from the matching database to harvest crops one by one in a single farming area;

[0085] Get the yield of a single crop area where crop harvesting is performed , and obtain the actual single item output after the harvester harvests , thus, the loss rate is calculated according to the loss rate calculation formula:

[0086]

[0087] Where: is the loss rate, and thus, the corresponding loss rates of multiple single-item agricultural areas of the same type are obtained, where:

[0088] Considering the corresponding loss rate of harvesters in a single farming area As the loss rate of the test harvester There will be errors, so it is necessary to obtain the corresponding loss rates of multiple different harvesters in the same single farming area. The average loss rate is the ratio of the sum of the total number of the same single cropping areas. , through the average loss rate The actual loss rate of the harvester is reflected, and the average loss rate is It is used to test harvesters to solve the problem that it is inconvenient to perform loss rate testing when the test harvester is not in harvesting operation.

[0089] It should be noted that if there are multiple test harvesters to be tested, this method can solve the problem of untimely loss rate testing caused by the test harvester's own factors (component failure factors) or inconvenience in reaching the harvester test area (far away from the harvester test area), affecting a large number of harvesters and their subsequent convenient execution of crop harvesting, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of emergency testing of the test harvester's loss rate.

[0090] It is worth noting that in this solution, by marking the area that the working harvester is about to harvest and instantly constructing a single farming area, and using the loss rate of the working harvester to test the harvester, when the loss rate of the test harvester is clearly determined, there is no need to separately set up and construct the harvester test area for the test loss rate, thereby achieving a more convenient harvester loss rate test.

[0091] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. Harvester loss rate testing system, characterized in that: At least: The operation status analysis module is used to obtain the harvester that needs to be tested for loss rate and mark it as a test harvester. If the test harvester is in the harvesting operation state, the following information is analyzed: If the harvesting operation is not in progress and the harvester test area cannot be reached: Obtaining the operating characteristics of the test harvester and calculating the operating status value of the test harvester therefrom; Get the harvester that is currently in the state of waiting to be harvested and build the target database; According to the operating status value of the test harvester and model Determine and run status values ​​in the target database and model The same job harvester and build matching database; The test area division module is used to obtain the agricultural area that needs to be harvested by the harvester in the matching database and divide the agricultural area into individual agricultural areas based on terrain characteristics, soil characteristics and water distribution characteristics; A loss rate determination module is used to collect image data of a single cropping area and construct actual features of the cropping area, thereby calculating the single yield of the single cropping area. An operating harvester is extracted from the matching database to perform crop harvesting in the single cropping area, and the actual single yield harvested by the operating harvester is obtained. The loss rate of the operating harvester is obtained according to the loss rate calculation formula, and the loss rate is applied to the test harvester to predict the loss rate of the test harvester. Running status value The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: is the running status value, For usage time, is the cutting wear value of the harvester cutter, is the total number of harvester repairs, is the threshing wear value of the thresher, is the separation wear value of the separator, 、 、 as well as are the corresponding weight coefficients, is the total number of harvester repairs, is a constant correction factor.

2. The harvester loss rate testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: described 、 or All calculations are based on the linear analysis model: ; Where: is the sum of the damaged points on the cutter, thresher or separator, is the area of ​​the damaged point, For the first The area of ​​the damaged point, is the total amount of damaged points, is the weight coefficient, The number of times the cutter, thresher or separator is repaired, The original dimensions of the cutter, thresher or separator before wear. is the wear size after wear, is the weight coefficient.

3. The harvester loss rate testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The terrain features include: Slope state, aspect state, altitude state and terrain undulation state; Soil characteristics include: soil texture, soil pH, and soil fertility; Moisture distribution characteristics: Including soil moisture content, groundwater level, and water infiltration and evaporation rates.

4. The harvester loss rate testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for constructing the actual characteristics of the work area is: The image data of a single cropping area is collected by drone and image preprocessing is performed to calculate the vegetation index of the single cropping area based on the image data. , leaf area index and crop height , where vegetation index The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity of the red light band; Leaf area index The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: is the extinction coefficient, is the near-infrared reflectivity of bare soil; Crop height The calculation formula is as follows: ; Where: and is the weight coefficient, The minimum yield of a crop type in a specific area and under specific conditions value; This results in the formation of vegetation indices for several different single cropping areas. , leaf area index and crop height ; Clarify the area corresponding to a single agricultural area and vegetation index , leaf area index , crop height , crop types and cultivated area Construct the actual characteristics of the work area.

5. The harvester loss rate testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prediction method of the test harvester loss rate is: The actual characteristics of the cropping area are used to determine the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area that match the actual characteristics of the cropping area in the database, thereby obtaining the historical crop yield corresponding to the actual characteristics of the historical cropping area; Based on the application of historical crop yields to the actual characteristics of the current cropping area, the individual yields of multiple different individual cropping areas are obtained; Extracting multiple harvesters from the matching database to harvest crops in a single farming area; Get the yield of a single crop area where crop harvesting is performed , and obtain the actual single item yield harvested by the harvester , and the loss rate is calculated from this: ; Where: is the loss rate; Obtain the corresponding loss rates of multiple different harvesters in the same type of single crop area The average loss rate is the ratio of the sum of the total number of the same single cropping areas. , with an average loss rate Predictive testing harvester.

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