Preparation method of seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device and seawater desalination and hydrogen production method

Abstract

The application provides a preparation method of a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, a seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device and a seawater desalination and hydrogen production method. The seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device is filled with seawater, and the gas (such as oxygen and hydrogen) generated in the seawater electrolysis process can increase the pressure in the device and drive the seawater to pass through the mixed matrix membrane electrode, so that the purpose of seawater desalination is achieved. The mixed matrix membrane electrode uses the reverse osmosis method to press the water molecules in the seawater from one side of the mixed matrix membrane to the other side of the membrane, so that the salt is removed to obtain clean water, and high-purity hydrogen is collected at the same time. The integrated device composed of the mixed matrix membrane electrode prepared by the application can efficiently remove the salt in seawater and prepare high-purity hydrogen, and has great application prospect.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination and hydrogen production, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, a seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device, and a seawater desalination and hydrogen production method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Reverse osmosis (RO) is a membrane-based seawater desalination technology. It removes salt from seawater (raw water) by applying a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure on one side of the membrane to press the water molecules in the seawater (raw water) to the other side of the membrane, thereby obtaining clean water.

[0003] In recent years, seawater desalination and electrolytic hydrogen production technology has received extensive attention. Hydrogen energy is considered one of the most ideal clean energy alternatives to traditional fossil energy due to its high energy density and non-polluting characteristics. In particular, hydrogen energy can be obtained by electrolysis of water, which is abundant in nature. However, the fresh water resources on land are extremely limited, so it is of great significance to use seawater to directly or indirectly (first desalinate) electrolyze hydrogen. In the past few decades, various forward / reverse osmosis membrane seawater desalination devices have been designed and manufactured to improve the desalination efficiency of seawater desalination.

[0004] The preparation methods of polymer membranes mainly include sintering method, stretching method, track etching method, and phase inversion method. The sintering method is the simplest method for preparing porous membranes. It is to compact the powdery particles of the polymer and uniformly heat them at high temperature so that the powder particles melt but do not fully melt, thus forming certain pores, thereby preparing the membrane. The stretching method is suitable for some solvent-free membrane materials at room temperature and is mainly used for the preparation of polyolefin flat membranes and hollow fiber membranes, which expands the use range of membrane materials. Its principle is to stretch the thin film at room temperature, and narrow slit-shaped pores appear in the stretching direction. Then, the symmetric porous membrane is obtained by setting at a higher temperature. The track etching method is to make the membrane material receive vertical high-energy particle radiation, so that the polymer material is damaged to form a defective track. Then, the thin film is immersed in an etching reagent to form pores. The characteristic of this method is that the formed pores are uniformly distributed. This method uses physical and chemical double action to prepare the membrane. The phase inversion method refers to preparing a homogeneous polymer solution with a certain composition. The solution is subjected to mass transfer exchange between the solvent and the non-solvent in the surrounding environment through a certain physical method, so that the thermodynamic state of the solution changes, and the homogeneous polymer solution is phase separated to form a three-dimensional macromolecular network gel structure, and finally solidified into a membrane.

[0005] However, the water treatment polymer membranes prepared by the above methods lack conductivity and are not suitable for direct application in seawater electrolysis devices as membrane electrodes. Current research shows that the membrane electrode used in the seawater desalination and electrolysis integrated device must have excellent seawater desalination ability, corrosion resistance, and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution / oxygen evolution ability, so as to realize the integration of seawater desalination and electrolytic hydrogen production. SUMMARY

[0006] 1. PROBLEMS TO BE SOLVED

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems of low efficiency of seawater desalination and hydrogen production by electrolysis and difficulty in simultaneous implementation of the prior art device and material, a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane preparation method, a seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, and a seawater desalination and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production method based on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane are provided.

[0008] 2. TECHNICAL SCHEME

[0009] In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0010] A seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane preparation method of the present application, the steps comprising:

[0011] Step 1, dissolving polysulfone or polyether sulfone, etc.

[0012] Take common polymer materials used for seawater desalination reverse osmosis membranes such as polysulfone (PSU) or polyether sulfone (PESf) or cellulose triacetate (TAC) or aromatic polyamide (APA), and additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), etc., add them to liquid organic solvents such as N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and make them fully dissolved to obtain, for example, a milky white polymer solution;

[0013] Step 2, ball milling raw materials

[0014] Take carbon materials (such as carbon fibers, graphite) or metal (such as nickel, titanium alloy) or conductive ceramic (such as titanium carbide) powder and add them to the above polymer solution, ball mill and mix to obtain uniform slurry, and vacuum to remove bubbles in the slurry;

[0015] Step 3, phase inversion casting

[0016] The above slurry is scraped by a casting coater to form a thin film green body with controllable thickness, and then quickly transferred to water, left for a period of time, taken out, and dried to obtain a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane.

[0017] Preferably, the specific steps of step 1 are:

[0018] Step 1-1, first add PSU, PESf, TAC, APA, etc. and PVP or PEG, etc. into NMP or DMF, ball mill for 2-4 h to obtain, for example, a milky white polymer solution.

[0019] Preferably, the specific steps of step 2 are:

[0020] After the carbon material or metal or conductive ceramic powder is added into the polymer solution, the slurry is ball-milled for 24-48 hours, and then vacuumized for 20-30 minutes to remove the bubbles in the slurry.

[0021] Preferably, the specific steps of step 3 are as follows:

[0022] The slurry after removing the bubbles is placed on a casting coater, and the height of the doctor blade is adjusted to control the thickness of the cast green body, the casting speed is 10-100 cm / min, and then the cast green body is quickly transferred to a water tank with a water depth of 20-40 cm, and then taken out after standing for 12-24 hours, and then naturally dried at room temperature or dried at 100-200°C for 2-5 hours to obtain the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane.

[0023] The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane of the application is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0024] The embodiment of the application provides a seawater desalination and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production method based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0025] Oxygen is prepared by an oxygen evolution reaction of an anode in a seawater electrolysis process, and hydrogen is prepared by a hydrogen evolution reaction of a cathode, so that the pressure in the device is increased, and seawater is driven to pass through the mixed matrix membrane electrode;

[0026] The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode utilizes a reverse osmosis method to press water molecules in seawater from one side of the mixed matrix membrane electrode to the other side of the membrane electrode, so that salt is removed to obtain clean water, and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen are collected at the same time.

[0027] The seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on the mixed matrix membrane of the application comprises a seawater desalination and electrolysis reaction chamber and mixed matrix membranes arranged on both sides of the reaction chamber, and a hydrogen evolution (oxygen evolution) working electrode is arranged in the reaction chamber or the mixed matrix membrane can be directly used as a hydrogen evolution (oxygen evolution) membrane electrode. The hydrogen evolution (oxygen evolution) reaction of the hydrogen evolution (oxygen evolution) working (membrane) electrode increases the pressure in the reaction chamber to drive seawater to pass through the mixed matrix membrane, and pure water is obtained in a pure water chamber. The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane is prepared by the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane preparation method as described above.

[0028] 3. Beneficial effects

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following effects and advantages:

[0030] 1.A method for preparing a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane and a mixed matrix membrane material prepared by the method, which is prepared by phase inversion casting, has abundant finger-shaped straight pore channels, and is beneficial to improving the permeation flux of pure water; the mixed matrix membrane prepared by the phase inversion casting method has an asymmetric membrane structure, the porous layer side is beneficial to improving the contact area of a membrane electrode and an electrolyte, and the dense layer side is beneficial to hindering the passage of anions and cations in seawater.

[0031] 2.A seawater desalination and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production method based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, which utilizes a hydrogen evolution reaction at a cathode and an oxygen evolution reaction at an anode in a seawater electrolysis process to prepare hydrogen and oxygen, respectively, to improve the pressure in an electrolysis device and drive seawater to pass through a mixed matrix membrane electrode; the mixed matrix membrane electrode utilizes a reverse osmosis method to remove salt in seawater and obtain clean pure water. The method couples seawater desalination and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production, realizes the integration of seawater desalination and hydrogen production, and has a total energy consumption lower than that of seawater desalination followed by electrolysis hydrogen production.

[0032] 3.A seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, which adopts direct seawater electrolysis without desalination treatment, thereby breaking through the bottleneck of seawater desalination and hydrogen production caused by factors such as time, climate, and human activities, breaking through the bottleneck of traditional seawater desalination and hydrogen production technology, and not needing to build a desalination plant and an electrolysis plant on a large scale respectively, which greatly reduces the cost of construction, operation, manpower, maintenance, etc., and can also be used for desalination and electrolysis of high-salinity water solutions such as salt lake water and industrial high-salinity water, greatly broadening the source range of fresh water and hydrogen energy, and not being limited by time and space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The overall schematic diagram of the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane provided by the present application in embodiment 2;

[0034] Figure 2 The overall schematic diagram of the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane provided by the present application in embodiment 3;

[0035] Figure 3 The overall schematic diagram of the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane provided by the present application in embodiment 4;

[0036] Figure 4 The overall schematic diagram of the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane provided by the present application in embodiment 5;

[0037] Figure 5 The overall schematic diagram of the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane provided by the application in embodiment 6;

[0038] The annotations in the drawings are as follows:

[0039] 2, 6, 13, 19, 22, 26-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, 3, 9, 12, 16-hydrogen evolution or oxygen evolution working electrode, 4, 7, 10, 11, 15, 18, 23, 25-seawater electrolysis reaction chamber, 1, 5, 14, 20, 21, 27-pure water chamber, 8, 17, 24-proton exchange membrane or anion exchange membrane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to further understand the content of the application, the application is described in detail in combination with the drawings and embodiments.

[0041] The structures, proportions, sizes and the like shown in the drawings of the specification are only for understanding and reading by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the disclosed content, and are not used to limit the implementation conditions of the application, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect and purpose that can be achieved by the application, should still fall within the scope covered by the disclosed technical content of the application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and the like used in the specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the implementation range, the change or adjustment of the relative relationship without substantial change of the technical content is also considered as the implementation scope of the application; in addition, the various embodiments of the application are not independent of each other, but can be combined.

[0042] A preparation method of a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane of the application, the preparation effect is as shown in Figure 1 The steps include:

[0043] Step 1, dissolving of polysulfone or polyether sulfone, etc.

[0044] Take the high polymer such as polysulfone, etc., dissolve it in the liquid solvent, and get the polymer solution with colors such as milky white after sufficient dissolution; the specific steps are as follows:

[0045] Common high polymer materials used in seawater desalination reverse osmosis membranes such as polysulfone (PSU) or polyether sulfone (PESf) or cellulose triacetate (TAC) or aromatic polyamide (APA), and additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), are added into liquid organic solvents such as N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), ball-milled and mixed for 2-4h, so as to be fully dissolved to get a polymer solution with color such as milky white.

[0046] Step 2, ball milling slurry

[0047] Take conductive carbon fiber powder and the like into the above polymer solution, and then ball mill to obtain a uniformly mixed slurry and remove bubbles in the slurry; the specific steps are as follows:

[0048] Take carbon material (such as carbon fiber, graphite) or metal (such as nickel, titanium alloy) or conductive ceramic (such as titanium carbide) powder into the above polymer solution, and then ball mill for 24-48 h to obtain a uniform slurry, and then vacuum for 20-30 min to remove bubbles in the slurry.

[0049] Step 3, phase inversion casting

[0050] The above slurry is scraped by a casting coater to form a thin film green body with controllable thickness, and then quickly transferred to water, left for a period of time, taken out, and then dried to obtain a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane; the specific steps are as follows:

[0051] The slurry after removing bubbles is placed on a casting coater, and the casting speed is 10-100 cm / min, and then quickly transferred to a water tank with a water depth of 20-40 cm, left for 12-24 h, and then naturally dried at room temperature or dried at 100-200 °C for 2-5 h to obtain a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane.

[0052] After the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane of the application is prepared, it is used in a seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane of the application, as shown in FIG. 1, which comprises a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber, a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, a pure water chamber, and a gas chamber. Figure 2

[0053] Example 1

[0054] The preparation method of the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane of this embodiment is as follows in the implementation:

[0055] Take polysulfone (PSU) or polyether sulfone (PESf) or cellulose triacetate (TAC) or aromatic polyamide (APA) and additives such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or polyethylene glycol (PEG), and add PSU or PESf or TAC or APA and PVP or PEG into N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) or N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to make PSU or PESf or TAC or APA fully dissolved to obtain a polymer solution such as milky white;

[0056] ​In order to make the carbon fiber powder or metal titanium powder or titanium carbide ceramic powder evenly distributed in the polymer solution, the commercially used 200 mesh or other mesh powder is added to the above polymer solution, ball milled for 48 h, and a uniformly mixed slurry is obtained, and the bubbles in the slurry are removed by vacuumizing for 20 min;

[0057] The slurry after removing bubbles is placed on a flow coating machine, the flow casting speed is 20 cm / min, then the flow casting green body is quickly transferred to a water tank with a water depth of 40 cm, and is placed for 12 h, and is dried at 200℃ for 2 h to obtain a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane.

[0058] The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane prepared in this embodiment is applied to the above-mentioned seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] In this embodiment, a seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device is specifically provided, which, when applied, has various high-salinity aqueous solutions such as seawater, salt lake water, and industrial high-salinity water in the reaction chamber, and hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis drive seawater to complete the desalination process through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane, and hydrogen and oxygen are collected in the gas chamber.

[0061] As shown in Figure 1 The seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device includes a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4 and a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane 2 arranged on the left side of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4, and a hydrogen evolution reaction working electrode 3 is arranged in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4. Hydrogen is generated by the hydrogen evolution reaction working electrode 3 and oxygen is generated by the oxygen evolution mixed matrix membrane electrode 2, so that the pressure of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4 increases to drive seawater to pass through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane 2, and pure water is obtained in the pure water chamber 1.

[0062] Based on the above-mentioned seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device, the working principle is as follows:

[0063] Firstly, the energy source of the device can be renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy converted into electric energy, and seawater in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4 undergoes hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of the hydrogen evolution working electrode 3 to generate hydrogen, and the reaction formula is as follows:

[0064] 2H + +2e - →H2 or 2H2O+2e - →2OH - +H2

[0065] The oxygen evolution reaction occurs on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 2 on the left side of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4 to generate oxygen, and the reaction formula is as follows:

[0066] 2H2O-4e - →O2+4H+ or 4OH - -4e - →O2+2H2O

[0067] The generated hydrogen and oxygen accumulate in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 4, increasing the pressure and driving the seawater to be desalinated through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane 2 to complete the desalination process. The hydrogen evolution working electrode 3 that can be used includes, but is not limited to: platinum sheet, modified Raney nickel, platinum-nickel plated mesh, corrosion-resistant Pt, Pd noble metals and their alloys, etc.; the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane 2 that can be used includes, but is not limited to: polymer-based mixed matrix membranes such as polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), PSU, PESf, TAC, or APA, etc.

[0068] Example 3

[0069] like Figure 2 As shown, the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device includes: a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber separated by a proton exchange membrane (or anion exchange membrane) 8 into a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 7 and a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 10, as well as a hydrogen evolution working electrode 9, a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 6 for oxygen evolution reaction, and a pure water chamber 5 located in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 10.

[0070] The working principle of the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device provided above is as follows:

[0071] First, the energy source for this device can be electricity converted from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Seawater in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 10 undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of the hydrogen evolution working electrode 9 to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0072] 2H + +2e - →H2 or 2H2O + 2e - →2OH - +H2

[0073] Water molecules or OH groups in seawater within seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 7 - Oxygen evolution reaction occurs on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 6 to generate oxygen, which is then stored at the upper end of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 7. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0074] 2H2O-4e - →O2+4H + or 4OH - -4e - →O2+2H2O

[0075] The oxygen partial pressure in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 7 increases, driving the seawater in the chamber to pass through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 6, thus obtaining clean pure water in the pure water chamber 5. The hydrogen evolution working electrode 9 that can be used includes, but is not limited to: platinum sheet, modified Raney nickel, platinum-nickel plated mesh, corrosion-resistant Pt, Pd noble metals and their alloys, etc.; the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 6 that can be used includes, but is not limited to: polymer-based mixed matrix membranes such as PPS, PSU, PESf, TAC, or APA.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device includes: a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 11, a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 13 located on the right side of the reaction chamber, and a pure water chamber 14. The seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 11 is equipped with an oxygen evolution working electrode 12.

[0078] The working principle of the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device provided above is as follows:

[0079] First, the energy source for this device can be electricity converted from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Seawater in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 11 undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 13 to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0080] 2H + +2e - →H2 or 2H2O + 2e - →2OH - +H2

[0081] Water molecules or OH in seawater - Oxygen is produced by an oxygen evolution reaction at the working electrode 12 in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 11, as shown in the following equation:

[0082] 2H2O-4e - →O2+4H + or 4OH - -4e - →O2+2H2O

[0083] The generated hydrogen and oxygen accumulate in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 11, increasing the pressure and driving the seawater to be desalinated through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 13, thus completing the desalination process. The oxygen evolution working electrode 12 that can be used includes, but is not limited to, noble metal oxides such as RuO2 and IrO2, spinel-type oxides such as AB2O4, and perovskite-type oxide materials such as ABO3; the hydrogen evolution-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 13 that can be used includes, but is not limited to, polymer-based mixed matrix membranes such as PPS, PSU, PESf, TAC, or APA.

[0084] Example 5

[0085] like Figure 4 As shown, the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device includes: a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber is separated into a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 15 and a seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 18 by a proton exchange membrane (or anion exchange membrane) 17. The seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 15 is equipped with an oxygen evolution working electrode 16. The right side of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 18 is a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 19 and a pure water chamber 20.

[0086] The working principle of the integrated seawater desalination and hydrogen production device provided above is as follows:

[0087] First, the energy source for this device can be electricity converted from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. Seawater in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 18 undergoes a hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 19 to produce hydrogen gas. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0088] 2H + +2e - →H2 or 2H2O + 2e - →2OH - +H2

[0089] Water molecules or OH- in the seawater within the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 15 - Oxygen evolution reaction occurs at the oxygen evolution working electrode, producing oxygen which is stored at the upper end of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 15. The reaction formula is as follows:

[0090] 2H2O-4e - →O2+4H + or 4OH - -4e - →O2+2H2O

[0091] The generated hydrogen gas accumulates in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 18, increasing the pressure to drive the seawater to be desalinated through the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 19, thus completing the desalination process. The oxygen evolution working electrode 16 that can be used includes, but is not limited to, noble metal oxides such as RuO2 and IrO2, spinel-type oxides such as AB2O4, and perovskite-type oxide materials such as ABO3; the hydrogen evolution-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 19 that can be used includes, but is not limited to, polymer-based mixed matrix membranes such as PPS, PSU, PESf, TAC, or APA.

[0092] Example 6

[0093] like Figure 5As shown, the seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device includes: the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber is separated by a proton exchange membrane (or an anion exchange membrane) 24 into seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 23 and seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 25, the left side of seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 23, the right side of reaction chamber 25 are oxygen evolution-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 22 and hydrogen evolution-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 26 respectively, and the seawater desalinated by seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane 22 and 26 finally reaches pure water chamber 21 and pure water chamber 27 respectively.

[0094] Based on the above-mentioned seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device, the working principle is as follows:

[0095] Firstly, the energy source of the device can be solar energy, wind energy and other renewable energy converted into electric energy, and the seawater in seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 25 occurs hydrogen evolution reaction on the surface of hydrogen evolution-seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 26 to produce hydrogen, and the reaction formula is as follows:

[0096] 2H + +2e - →H2 or 2H2O+2e - →2OH - +H2

[0097] The generated hydrogen accumulates in seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 25 to increase the pressure to drive seawater to be desalted to pass through seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 26, complete desalination and collect pure water in pure water chamber 27.

[0098] The seawater in seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 23 occurs oxygen evolution reaction on the surface of seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 22 to produce oxygen, and the reaction formula is as follows:

[0099] 2H2O-4e - →O2+4H + or 4OH - -4e - →O2+2H2O

[0100] The generated oxygen accumulates in seawater electrolysis reaction chamber 23 to increase the pressure to drive seawater to be desalted to pass through seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode 22, complete the desalination process and collect pure water in pure water chamber 21.

[0101] In the above, the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane that can be used includes but is not limited to: PPS or PSU or PESf or TAC or APA and other polymer-based mixed matrix membranes.

[0102] Those skilled in the art should understand: the discussion of the above any embodiment is only exemplary, and is not intended to imply that the scope of the present application (including claims) is limited to these examples; the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the embodiments of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for the sake of brevity.

[0103] Embodiments of the present application are intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any one of the above-mentioned alternatives, modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present application should be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for seawater desalination and hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis based on a hybrid substrate membrane electrode for seawater desalination, characterized by, The method comprises: The oxygen evolution reaction at the anode in the seawater electrolysis process is used to prepare oxygen, and the hydrogen evolution reaction at the cathode is used to prepare hydrogen, so as to increase the pressure in the electrolysis device and drive seawater to pass through the mixed matrix membrane electrode; The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode uses a reverse osmosis method to press water molecules in seawater from one side of the mixed matrix membrane electrode to the other side of the membrane electrode, so as to remove salt and obtain clean water, and high-purity hydrogen and oxygen are collected at the same time; The preparation method of the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode comprises the following specific steps: Step 1, dissolving of polysulfone or polyether sulfone Take the high molecular material polysulfone PSU or polyether sulfone PESf or triacetate cellulose TAC or aromatic polyamide APA, and the additive polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP or polyethylene glycol PEG, and add them to the liquid organic solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone NMP or N,N-dimethylformamide DMF to dissolve them to obtain a milky white polymer solution; Step 2, ball milling of the slurry Take the carbon material powder or metal powder or conductive ceramic powder and add it to the above polymer solution, ball mill the mixture to obtain a slurry, and then vacuumize to remove the air bubbles in the slurry; Step 3, phase inversion casting The slurry is scraped by a casting coater to form a thin film green body with controllable thickness, and then transferred to water, and taken out after standing for a predetermined time, and then dried to obtain the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode.

2. The method of seawater desalination and hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis of claim 1, wherein, The specific steps of step 1 are: Add polysulfone PSU or polyether sulfone PESf or triacetate cellulose TAC or aromatic polyamide APA and polyvinylpyrrolidone PVP or polyethylene glycol PEG to N-methyl pyrrolidone NMP or N,N-dimethylformamide DMF, and ball mill for 2-4 h to obtain a milky white polymer solution.

3. The method of seawater desalination and hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis of claim 1, wherein, The specific steps of step 2 are: after adding the carbon material powder or metal powder or conductive ceramic powder to the polymer solution, ball mill for 24-48 h to obtain a uniformly mixed slurry, and then vacuumize for 20-30 min to remove the air bubbles in the slurry.

4. The method of seawater desalination and hydrogen production by seawater electrolysis of claim 1, wherein, The specific step of step 3 is: the slurry after removing bubbles is placed on a flow coating machine, and the doctor blade height is adjusted to control the thickness of the flow green body, the flow speed is 10-100 cm / min, then it is transferred to a water tank with a water depth of 20-40 cm, and after standing for 12-24 h, it is taken out and naturally dried at room temperature or dried at 100-200 o C for 2-5 h to obtain a seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode.

5. A seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a seawater desalination hybrid substrate membrane electrode, characterized in that, The device is used to implement the seawater desalination and seawater electrolysis hydrogen production method based on the seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode according to claim 1, and the device comprises: A seawater electrolysis reaction chamber is provided with seawater to be electrolyzed; A seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode is arranged on the side of the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber, and the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber and the pure water chamber are connected through the mixed matrix membrane electrode, and the hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis drive seawater to pass through the mixed matrix membrane electrode to obtain clean pure water through a reverse osmosis process, and hydrogen and oxygen are obtained at the cathode and anode at the same time; Cationic and anionic exchange membranes are disposed in the seawater electrolysis reaction chamber to allow OH - or protons to pass through, accelerating the redox reaction process of OH- or protons at the electrodes.

6. The seawater desalination and hydrogen production integrated device based on a hybrid substrate membrane electrode for seawater desalination according to claim 5, characterized in that, The seawater desalination mixed matrix membrane electrode is an asymmetric structure polymer-based mixed matrix conductive film prepared by a phase inversion casting method, which comprises any one of Ti-PSU, TiC-TAC, graphite-PESf and carbon fiber-APA composite materials composed of two high molecular materials and metals or conductive ceramics or carbon materials.

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